EP0241567B1 - Method for washing woollen articles - Google Patents

Method for washing woollen articles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0241567B1
EP0241567B1 EP86105050A EP86105050A EP0241567B1 EP 0241567 B1 EP0241567 B1 EP 0241567B1 EP 86105050 A EP86105050 A EP 86105050A EP 86105050 A EP86105050 A EP 86105050A EP 0241567 B1 EP0241567 B1 EP 0241567B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
washing
articles
angle
drum
washing drum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86105050A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0241567A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Günter Dr. Ing. Hloch
Helmut Dr. Krüssmann
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WFK-Testgewebe GmbH
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WFK-Testgewebe GmbH
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Priority to DE8686105050T priority Critical patent/DE3660499D1/en
Priority to EP86105050A priority patent/EP0241567B1/en
Priority to AT86105050T priority patent/ATE36359T1/en
Publication of EP0241567A1 publication Critical patent/EP0241567A1/en
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Publication of EP0241567B1 publication Critical patent/EP0241567B1/en
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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06FLAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F35/00Washing machines, apparatus, or methods not otherwise provided for
    • D06F35/005Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying
    • D06F35/006Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying for washing or rinsing only

Definitions

  • Textiles such as sweaters, tank tops, shirts, blouses, etc., made of pure wool or those with a wool fiber content, are usually washed by hand, chemically cleaned or, if the textiles are specially equipped for this (superwash), also in the washing machine in one special wool washing program.
  • care must always be taken to avoid great mechanical stress on the textiles during washing or cleaning, since otherwise they will shrink or become undesirably high.
  • a high liquor ratio ratio of the amount of goods to the amount of wash liquor
  • a small number of rotations of the drum in which textiles are introduced for washing are recommended.
  • the operating instructions for conventional washing machines equipped with wool washing programs prescribe that only about 1 to 1.5 kg of wool should be put into the 45 liter washing drum, which corresponds to a liquor ratio of about 1:45 to about 1:25.
  • the washing drum is driven during the wool washing program within a washing sequence in such a way that it rotates about two to about three times forwards and then after a pause between about 10 seconds and about half a minute about two to three times backwards.
  • the known washing processes have the disadvantage that they have a relatively low washing efficiency, since a corresponding mechanical processing of the laundry items, which would improve the washing efficiency, is deliberately not carried out here.
  • they require a relatively high consumption of water or organic solvent, surfactants or cleaning boosters and energy.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type specified by which laundry items made of wool or those with a wool content can be machine washed or cleaned particularly gently.
  • the invention is based on the basic idea that when washing or cleaning laundry items made of wool or of those with a wool content, not like in the prior art listed above, a liquor ratio between about 1:30 to about 1:45, but instead an essential one select a shorter liquor ratio, which is between about 1: 3 to about 1:15.
  • the washing drum executes a washing sequence which consists of a single forward rotation through an angle of approximately 90 ° to approximately 320 °, possibly a pause and a subsequent single reverse rotation through the same angle. Surprisingly, it was found that the laundry items do not become matted during such washing or cleaning.
  • the shrinkage during washing and rinsing or cleaning is considerably reduced in comparison to the conventional wool washing method or cleaning method, so that in accordance with the method according to the invention it is also possible in some cases to machine wash or clean items of laundry which, according to the care label for a Hand washing is provided, which is particularly true, for example, of items made of very fine wool fibers, such as merino, mohair, cashmere, angora wool, etc.
  • the process according to the invention also has the advantage that, owing to the relatively short liquor ratio, it enables savings in water or organic solvent, energy and surfactants or washing additives. Furthermore, it was found that the washing efficiencies are considerably improved by using the method according to the invention, which is expressed in correspondingly shorter washing, rinsing and cleaning times.
  • the angle by which the drum is rotated back and forth during washing or cleaning it is advisable to adjust it depending on the construction of the items of laundry and the fiber processed therein. For example, it is advisable to turn the washing drum by 270 ° to 320 ° for items of laundry made from tightly wrapped, possibly rolled woolen cloths, such as blankets, coats, trousers, etc., since the swirling of the washing liquor is greatest and the items of laundry only be moved minimally out of their position during washing.
  • the lower angular range of approximately 90 ° to approximately 180 ° is used in particular for washing or cleaning very loosely set laundry items made from very fine wool fibers, such as cashmere, merino and angora wool, since these are particularly easy to flow through and therefore therefore a high level of turbulence in the liquor is not required and, on the other hand, felting and particularly high shrinkage easily occur with such items of laundry, so that the minimal rotation of the washing drum even with a low load (liquor ratio about 1:15) ensures that the position of the items of laundry in the washing drum does not change during washing or cleaning.
  • very fine wool fibers such as cashmere, merino and angora wool
  • Another embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that a pause is made between the forward rotation and the backward rotation of the washing drum during a washing sequence, this pause being between approximately 2 seconds and approximately 10 seconds.
  • a pause is made between the forward rotation and the backward rotation of the washing drum during a washing sequence, this pause being between approximately 2 seconds and approximately 10 seconds.
  • washing times in the method according to the invention after reaching the desired washing temperature for. B. about 30-40 ° C
  • preferably washing times between about 2 and 10 minutes are considered sufficient in comparison to the known methods, in which washing times in the order of about 20 minutes and about Apply for 30 minutes to achieve the same washing results in terms of removing dirt from the laundry.
  • shorter washing times preferably between about 2 minutes and about 4 minutes
  • longer washing or cleaning times such as. B. those from about 6 to about 10 minutes are required.
  • the laundry items are rinsed.
  • the rinsing can be carried out as in the prior art with a relatively large liquor ratio, for example between about 1:20 and about 1:40, the rinsing process having a large number of rinsing sequences in which the washing drum moves forward about two to about three times and if necessary after a break is rotated backwards two to three times
  • rinsing is particularly suitable, in which the items of laundry are rinsed in a liquor ratio between approximately 1: 3 to approximately 1:15, the washing drum thereby executing a rinsing sequence which, from a single forward rotation through an angle of approximately 90 ° to approximately 320 ° and a subsequent, single reverse rotation by the same angle.
  • Such rinsing has the advantage that particularly good washing results can be achieved here, analogous to the above washing, which results in a correspondingly higher mass transfer due to the swirling of the washing liquor and less shrinkage and prevention of matting, due to the fact that the Express the position of the laundry items in the washing drum during the rotation of the laundry drum, or change it only slightly.
  • the washing drum is preferably rotated through an angle between approximately 180 ° and approximately 270 ° within a rinsing sequence, since the swirling of the liquor generated in this way is completely sufficient for the items of laundry resulting from domestic washing in order to properly remove the detergent or dirt residues .
  • a liquor ratio of about 1: 3 to about 1: 7 has also proven to be particularly suitable under these conditions, as was already the case above was carried out during washing.
  • Example 2 The items of laundry were washed as described in Example 2, but the rinsing was varied in distinction.
  • the rinsing conditions are listed below: Despite a reduction in rinsing times and a reduction in the liquor ratio when rinsing to 1:15, there was no deterioration in the wool shrinkage and remission values, as the following values show. It was also possible to reduce the total water and total energy requirement by around 10% compared to the value listed above (example 2).

Abstract

1. A method for washing or cleaning woolen articles, according to which the articles are washed or cleaned and thereafter rinsed in a washing drum carrying out washing sequences of at least one forward rotation and one backward rotation with a bath with a predetermined ratio and within a predetermined washing time, characterized in that the articles are washed or cleaned with a bath ratio between 1 : 3 to 1 : 15 and in that the washing drum carries out thereby a washing sequence with a single forward rotation about an angle of 90 degrees to 320 degrees and a subsequent single backward rotation about the same angle.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Waschen von Wäschestücken aus Wolle nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a method for washing laundry items made of wool according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Textilien, wie beispielsweise Pullover, Pullunder, Hemden, Blusen etc., aus reiner Wolle oder solche mit einem Wollfaseranteil werden üblicherweise mit der Hand gewaschen, chemisch gereinigt oder, wenn die Textilien speziell dafür ausgerüstet sind (Superwash), auch in der Waschmaschine in einem speziellen Wollwaschprogramm gewaschen. Nach der gängigen Lehrmeinung ist hierbei jedoch stets darauf zu achten, daß beim Waschen bzw. Reinigen eine große mechanische Beanspruchung der Textilien vermieden wird, da ansonsten diese unerwünscht hoch schrumpfen bzw. verfilzen. Dies hat zur Folge, daß ein hohes Flottenverhältnis (Verhältnis von Warenmenge zur Waschflottenmenge) und bei der maschinellen Wäsche zusätzlich noch eine geringe Anzahl von Drehungen der Trommel, in der Textilien zum Waschen eingebracht werden, empfohlen wird. So schreiben beispielsweise die Bedienungsanleitungen von üblichen, mit Wollwaschprogrammen versehenen Waschmaschinen vor, jeweils nur etwa 1 bis 1,5 kg Wollwäsche in die etwa 45 I Waschflotte fassende Waschtrommel einzufüllen, was somit einem Flottenverhäitnis von etwa 1 : 45 bis etwa 1 : 25 entspricht. Hierbei wird die Waschtrommel während des Wollwaschprogramms innerhalb einer Waschsequenz derart angetrieben, daß sie sich etwa zwei- bis etwa dreimal vorwärts und anschließend nach einer Pause zwischen etwa 10 Sekunden und etwa einer halben Minute etwa zwei- bis dreimal rückwärts dreht. Eine derartige, im Vergleich zu einem Kochwaschprogramm in der Mechanik erheblich reduzierten Waschsequenz soll in Verbindung mit dem vorstehend aufgefürten, hohen Flottenverhältnis sicherstellen, daß die Wäschestücke, ohne Kontakt untereinander zu haben, in der Waschflotte schwimmen und somit auch nicht aneinander reiben können, was als Ursache für das vorstehend aufgeführte, unerwünschte Verfilzen bzw. hohe Schrumpfen angesehen wird. Grundsätzlich gelten diese Ausführungen auch für das chemische Reinigen in organischen Lösungsmitteln.Textiles, such as sweaters, tank tops, shirts, blouses, etc., made of pure wool or those with a wool fiber content, are usually washed by hand, chemically cleaned or, if the textiles are specially equipped for this (superwash), also in the washing machine in one special wool washing program. According to current teaching, however, care must always be taken to avoid great mechanical stress on the textiles during washing or cleaning, since otherwise they will shrink or become undesirably high. The result of this is that a high liquor ratio (ratio of the amount of goods to the amount of wash liquor) and, in the case of machine washing, a small number of rotations of the drum in which textiles are introduced for washing are recommended. For example, the operating instructions for conventional washing machines equipped with wool washing programs prescribe that only about 1 to 1.5 kg of wool should be put into the 45 liter washing drum, which corresponds to a liquor ratio of about 1:45 to about 1:25. Here, the washing drum is driven during the wool washing program within a washing sequence in such a way that it rotates about two to about three times forwards and then after a pause between about 10 seconds and about half a minute about two to three times backwards. Such a washing sequence, which is considerably reduced in mechanics compared to a boil-washing program, is to ensure, in conjunction with the high liquor ratio set out above, that the items of laundry, without having any contact with one another, float in the washing liquor and thus cannot rub against one another, what as Cause for the unwanted matting or high shrinkage listed above is considered. Basically, these statements also apply to chemical cleaning in organic solvents.

Die bekannten Waschverfahren weisen den Nachteil auf, daß sie einen relativ geringen Waschwirkungsgrad besitzen, da eine entsprechende mechanische Bearbeitung der Wäschestücke, die eine Verbesserung des Waschwirkungsgrades bewirken würde, hierbei bewußt nicht durchgeführt wird. Darüberhinaus erfordern sie, bezogen auf die jeweils gewaschene Menge an Wäschestücken, einen relativ hohen Verbrauch an Wasser bzw. organischem Lösungsmittel, Tensiden bzw. Reinigungsverstärkern und Energie.The known washing processes have the disadvantage that they have a relatively low washing efficiency, since a corresponding mechanical processing of the laundry items, which would improve the washing efficiency, is deliberately not carried out here. In addition, based on the amount of laundry washed in each case, they require a relatively high consumption of water or organic solvent, surfactants or cleaning boosters and energy.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der angegebenen Art zur Verfügung zu stellen, durch das Wäschestücke aus Wolle bzw. solche mit einem Wollanteil besonders schonend maschinell gewaschen bzw. gereinigt werden können.The invention has for its object to provide a method of the type specified by which laundry items made of wool or those with a wool content can be machine washed or cleaned particularly gently.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by a method having the characterizing features of patent claim 1.

Die Erfindung beruht auf dem Grundgedanken, beim Waschen bzw. Reinigen von Wäschestücken aus Wolle bzw. von solchen mit einem Wollanteil nicht, wie beim vorstehend aufgeführten Stand der Technik, ein Flottenverhältnis zwischen etwa 1 : 30 bis etwa 1 : 45, sondern stattdessen ein wesentlich kürzeres Flottenverhältnis auszuwählen, wobei dieses zwischen etwa 1 : 3 bis etwa 1 : 15 liegt. Hierbei führt die Waschtrommel eine Waschsequenz aus, die aus einer einzigen Vorwärtsdrehung um einen Winkel von etwa 90° bis etwa 320°, ggf. einer Pause und einer nachfolgenden einzigen Rückwärtsdrehung um den gleichen Winkel besteht. Überraschenderweise wurde festgestellt, daß bei einem derartigen Waschen bzw. Reinigen die Wäschestücke nicht verfilzen. Ferner wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren im Vergleich zu den üblichen Wollwaschverfahren bzw. Reinigungsverfahren das Schrumpfen beim Waschen und Spülen bzw. Reinigen erheblich reduziert, so daß nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren teilweise auch solche Wäschestücke maschinell gewaschen bzw. gereinigt werden können, die gemäß Pflegekennzeichnung für eine Handwäsche vorgesehen sind, was beispielsweise insbesondere auf Wäschestücke aus sehr feinen Wollfasern, wie Merino-, Mohair-, Kaschmir-, Angorawolle etc., zutrifft. Darüberhinaus weist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren noch den Vorteil auf, daß es wegen des relativ kurzen Flottenverhältnisses die Einsparung an Wasser bzw. organischem Lösungsmittel, Energie und Tensiden bzw. Waschzusatzstoffen ermöglicht. Ferner konnte festgestellt werden, daß durch Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens die Waschwirkungsgrade erheblich verbessert werden, was sich in entsprechend verkürzten Wasch-, Spül- bzw. Reinigungszeiten ausdrückt.The invention is based on the basic idea that when washing or cleaning laundry items made of wool or of those with a wool content, not like in the prior art listed above, a liquor ratio between about 1:30 to about 1:45, but instead an essential one select a shorter liquor ratio, which is between about 1: 3 to about 1:15. Here, the washing drum executes a washing sequence which consists of a single forward rotation through an angle of approximately 90 ° to approximately 320 °, possibly a pause and a subsequent single reverse rotation through the same angle. Surprisingly, it was found that the laundry items do not become matted during such washing or cleaning. Furthermore, in the method according to the invention, the shrinkage during washing and rinsing or cleaning is considerably reduced in comparison to the conventional wool washing method or cleaning method, so that in accordance with the method according to the invention it is also possible in some cases to machine wash or clean items of laundry which, according to the care label for a Hand washing is provided, which is particularly true, for example, of items made of very fine wool fibers, such as merino, mohair, cashmere, angora wool, etc. In addition, the process according to the invention also has the advantage that, owing to the relatively short liquor ratio, it enables savings in water or organic solvent, energy and surfactants or washing additives. Furthermore, it was found that the washing efficiencies are considerably improved by using the method according to the invention, which is expressed in correspondingly shorter washing, rinsing and cleaning times.

Die vorstehend aufgeführten Vorteile werden darauf zurückgeführt, daß beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik die Bewegung der Wäschestücke reduziert, hingegen aber die Bewegung der Waschflotte bzw. der Reinigungsflotte erhöht wird. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß bedingt durch das kürzere Flottenverhältnis die Waschtrommel nur teilweise und nicht, wie bei dem bekannten Verfahren, nahezu vollständig mit Flotte gefüllt ist, so daß die an der Waschtrommel vorgesehenen Innenrippen die Flotte stärker verwirbeln und somit die Durch- und Anströmung der Wäschestücke erhöht werden und damit der Waschwirkungsgrad verbessert wird. Bedingt durch die abwechselnde Vor- und Rückwärtsdrehung der Waschtrommel nur um einen Winkel Zwischen etwa 90° und etwa 320° und der in der Waschtrommel vorhandenen größeren Menge an Wäschestücken werden diese beim erfindungsgsgemäßen Verfahren im Vergleich zu einer zwei- bis dreifachen Drehung der nur mit wenigen Wäschestücken beladenen Waschtrommel des Standes der Technik geringer bewegt und verbleiben selbst bei der Drehung der Trommel um den vorstehend aufgeführten Winkelbereich in ihrer Lage. Dies führt dazu, daß bei dem erfindungsmäßen Verfahren die Wäschestücke nur wenig aneinander gerieben, gestaucht und gewalkt werden, was als Ursache für das geringe Schrumpfverhalten und für das Nichtauftreten von Verfilzungen angesehen wird.The advantages listed above are attributed to the fact that the movement of the laundry items is reduced in the method according to the invention compared to the prior art, but the movement of the washing liquor or the cleaning liquor is increased. This is achieved in that, due to the shorter liquor ratio, the washing drum is only partially filled with liquor and not, as in the known method, almost completely, so that the inner ribs provided on the washing drum swirl the liquor to a greater extent and thus the throughflow and flow the items of laundry are increased and thus the washing efficiency is improved. Due to the alternating forward and backward rotation of the washing drum only by an angle between about 90 ° and about 320 ° and the larger amount of laundry items present in the washing drum, these are compared with the process according to the invention compared to a two to three times the rotation with only a few Prior art laundry drum loaded laundry items move less and remain in position even when the drum is rotated through the angular range listed above. This leads to the fact that, in the method according to the invention, the laundry items are rubbed, compressed and tumbled only slightly, which is the cause is considered for the low shrinkage behavior and for the absence of matting.

Besonders gute Ergebnisse lassen sich bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren dann erzielen, wenn die Wäschestücke in einem Flottenverhältnis Zwischen etwa 1 : 3 bis etwa 1 : 7 gewaschen bzw. gereinigt werden. Durch dieses relativ kurze Flottenverhältnis wird erreicht, daß die Wasch- bzw. Reinigungsflotte besonders stark durch die an der Waschtrommel vorhandenen Innenrippen verwirbelt wird, was sich in einer weiteren Verbesserung des Wasch- bzw. Reinigungswirkungsgrades und somit in einer Verkürzung der Wasch- bzw. Reinigungszeit ausdrückt. Ferner bewirkt dieses relativ kurze Flottenverhältnis wegen der in die Waschtrommel eingefüllten Menge an Wäschestücken, daß diese besonders wenig während des Waschens bzw. Reinigens bewegt werden, so daß bei einem solchen kurzen Flottenverhältnis von etwa 1 : 3 bis etwa 1 : 7 besonders niedrige Schrumpfwerte erzielbar sind.Particularly good results can be achieved in the method according to the invention if the laundry items are washed or cleaned in a liquor ratio between about 1: 3 to about 1: 7. This relatively short liquor ratio ensures that the washing or cleaning liquor is swirled particularly strongly by the inner ribs present on the washing drum, which results in a further improvement in the washing or cleaning efficiency and thus in a reduction in the washing or cleaning time expresses. Furthermore, this relatively short liquor ratio, because of the amount of laundry items filled into the washing drum, means that they are moved very little during washing or cleaning, so that particularly low shrinkage values can be achieved with such a short liquor ratio of about 1: 3 to about 1: 7 are.

Was den Winkel anbetrifft, um den die Trommel während des Waschens bzw. Reinigens vor- und rückwärts gedreht wird, so empfiehlt es sich, diesen abhängig von der Konstruktion der Wäschestücke und der darin verarbeiteten Faser zu richten. So empfiehlt es sich, bei Wäschestücken aus dicht geschlagenen, ggf. gewalkten Wolltuchen, wie beispielsweise Decken, Mäntel, Hosen etc., die Waschtrommel um 270° bis 320° zu drehen, da hierbei die Verwirbelung der Waschflotte am größten ist und die Wäschestücke nur minimal aus ihrer Lage beim Waschen bewegt werden. Vorzugsweise wird die Waschtrommel jedoch über einen Winkel zwischen 180° und 270° gedreht, da hierbei eine ausreichende Verwirbelung der Flotte auftritt und die Lage der Wäschestücke während des Waschens bzw. Reinigens nahezu unverändert bleibt, so daß ein derartiger Winkelbereich besonders für Haushaltswaschmaschinen, die zum Waschen von üblicherweise nicht so dicht eingestellten Bekleidungstextilien, wie beispielsweise Pullover, sonstige Strickwaren, Hemden, Blusen etc., verwendet werden, geeignet ist. Der untere Winkelbereich von etwa 90° bis etwa 180° dient insbesondere zum Waschen bzw. Reinigen von sehr locker eingestellten Wäschestücken aus sehr feinen Wollfasern, wie beispielsweise Kaschmir-, Merino- und Angorawolle, da diese einerseits besonders leicht zu durchströmen sind und von daher hierbei eine hohe Verwirbelung der Flotte nicht erforderlich ist und andererseits bei derartigen Wäschestücken leicht ein Verfilzen und besonders hohes Schrumpfen auftritt, so daß die minimale Drehung der Waschtrommel selbst bei einer geringen Beladung (Flottenverhältnis etwa 1 : 15) sicherstellt, daß sich die Lage der Wäschestücke in der Waschtrommel während des Waschens bzw. Reinigens nicht ändert.As for the angle by which the drum is rotated back and forth during washing or cleaning, it is advisable to adjust it depending on the construction of the items of laundry and the fiber processed therein. For example, it is advisable to turn the washing drum by 270 ° to 320 ° for items of laundry made from tightly wrapped, possibly rolled woolen cloths, such as blankets, coats, trousers, etc., since the swirling of the washing liquor is greatest and the items of laundry only be moved minimally out of their position during washing. Preferably, however, the washing drum is rotated through an angle between 180 ° and 270 °, since this causes sufficient swirling of the liquor and the position of the laundry items during washing or cleaning remains virtually unchanged, so that such an angular range is particularly suitable for household washing machines used for Washing of clothing textiles which are usually not set so densely, such as pullovers, other knitwear, shirts, blouses, etc., is suitable. The lower angular range of approximately 90 ° to approximately 180 ° is used in particular for washing or cleaning very loosely set laundry items made from very fine wool fibers, such as cashmere, merino and angora wool, since these are particularly easy to flow through and therefore therefore a high level of turbulence in the liquor is not required and, on the other hand, felting and particularly high shrinkage easily occur with such items of laundry, so that the minimal rotation of the washing drum even with a low load (liquor ratio about 1:15) ensures that the position of the items of laundry in the washing drum does not change during washing or cleaning.

Eine andere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht vor, daß während einer Waschsequenz zwischen der Vorwärtsdrehung und der Rückwärtsdrehung der Waschtrommel eine Pause eingelegt wird, wobei diese zwischen etwa 2 Sekunden und etwa 10 Sekunden beträgt. Eine derartige Maßnahme verhindert insbesondere beim Waschen in wässrigen Tensidflotten, daß die von der starken Verwirbelung der Waschflotte hervorgerufene Schaumbildung des Tensids reduziert wird und verringert gleichzeitig insbesondere bei großen Flottenverhältnissen, bei denen, wie vorstehend dargelegt, allenfalls eine minimale Lageveränderung der Wäschestücke in der Waschtrommel stattfindet, die mechanische Beanspruchung der Wäschestücke und trägt somit zu einem schonenden, schrumpfarmen und filzfreien Waschen bei.Another embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that a pause is made between the forward rotation and the backward rotation of the washing drum during a washing sequence, this pause being between approximately 2 seconds and approximately 10 seconds. Such a measure prevents, in particular when washing in aqueous surfactant liquors, that the foam formation of the surfactant caused by the strong swirling of the washing liquor is reduced and at the same time reduces especially in large liquor ratios, in which, as explained above, there is at most a minimal change in the position of the laundry items in the washing drum , the mechanical stress on the laundry and thus contributes to a gentle, low-shrinkage and felt-free washing.

Was bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Waschzeiten nach Erreichen der gewünschten Waschtemperatur, z. B. etwa 30-40° C anbetrifft, so ist festzuhalten, daß vorzugsweise Waschzeiten zwischen ca. 2 und 10 Min. als ausreichend angesehen werden, um im Vergleich zu den bekannten Verfahren, bei denen Waschzeiten in der Grössenordnung zwischen etwa 20 Minuten und etwa 30 Minuten zur Anwendung gelangen, zu den gleichen Waschergebnissen hinsichtlich der Entfernung des Schmutzes aus den Wäschestücken zu gelangen. So werden bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bei einer Drehung der Trommel um einen größeren Winkel, beispielsweise um einen Winkel zwischen 270° und 320°, kürzere Waschzeiten, vorzugsweise zwischen etwa 2 Minuten und etwa 4 Minuten, benötigt, während bei einer Drehung der Waschtrommel um einen kleineren Winkel, beispielsweise um einen Winkel zwischen etwa 90° und etwa 180°, längere Wasch- bzw. Reinigungszeiten, wie z. B. solche von etwa 6 bis etwa 10 Minuten, erforderlich sind.What the washing times in the method according to the invention after reaching the desired washing temperature, for. B. about 30-40 ° C, it should be noted that preferably washing times between about 2 and 10 minutes are considered sufficient in comparison to the known methods, in which washing times in the order of about 20 minutes and about Apply for 30 minutes to achieve the same washing results in terms of removing dirt from the laundry. Thus, in the method according to the invention, when the drum is rotated through a larger angle, for example through an angle between 270 ° and 320 °, shorter washing times, preferably between about 2 minutes and about 4 minutes, are required, while when the washing drum is rotated by one smaller angle, for example by an angle between about 90 ° and about 180 °, longer washing or cleaning times, such as. B. those from about 6 to about 10 minutes are required.

Im Anschluß an das Waschen bzw. Reinigen werden die Wäschestücke gespült. Hierbei kann das Spülen wie beim Stand der Technik mit einem relativ großen Flottenverhältnis, beispielsweise zwischen etwa 1 : 20 und etwa 1 : 40, ausgeführt werden, wobei der Spülprozess eine Vielzahl von Spülsequenzen aufweist, in denen die Waschtrommel etwa zwei- bis etwa dreimal vorwärts und ggf. nach einer Pause etwa zwei- bis etwa dreimal rückwärts gedreht wird. Besonders geeignet jedoch ist ein Spülen, bei dem die Wäschestücke in einem Flottenverhältnis zwischen etwa 1 : 3 bis etwa 1 : 15 gespült werden, wobei die Waschtrommel dabei eine Spülsequenz ausführt, die aus einer einzigen Vorwärtsdrehung um einen Winkel von etwa 90° bis etwa 320° und einer nachfolgenden, einzigen Rückwärtsdrehung um den gleichen Winkel besteht. Ein derartiges Spülen weist den Vorteil auf, daß hierbei analog zum vorstehenden Waschen besonders gute Spülergebnisse erzielt werden können, die sich in einem entsprechend höheren Stoffaustausch bedingt durch die Verwirbelung der Spülflotte und ein geringeres Schrumpfen und ein Verhindern des Verfilzens, bedingt dadurch, daß sich die Lage der Wäschestücke in der Waschtrommel während der Drehung derselben nicht bzw. nur geringfügig ändert, ausdrücken.After washing or cleaning, the laundry items are rinsed. Here, the rinsing can be carried out as in the prior art with a relatively large liquor ratio, for example between about 1:20 and about 1:40, the rinsing process having a large number of rinsing sequences in which the washing drum moves forward about two to about three times and if necessary after a break is rotated backwards two to three times However, rinsing is particularly suitable, in which the items of laundry are rinsed in a liquor ratio between approximately 1: 3 to approximately 1:15, the washing drum thereby executing a rinsing sequence which, from a single forward rotation through an angle of approximately 90 ° to approximately 320 ° and a subsequent, single reverse rotation by the same angle. Such rinsing has the advantage that particularly good washing results can be achieved here, analogous to the above washing, which results in a correspondingly higher mass transfer due to the swirling of the washing liquor and less shrinkage and prevention of matting, due to the fact that the Express the position of the laundry items in the washing drum during the rotation of the laundry drum, or change it only slightly.

Vorzugsweise wird bei Haushaltswaschmaschinen die Waschtrommel innerhalb einer Spülsequenz um einen Winkel zwischen etwa 180° und etwa 270° gedreht, da die hierbei erzeugte Verwirbelung der Flotte für die im Rahmen der Haushaltswäsche anfallenden Wäschestücke vollständig ausreicht, um die Waschmittel- bzw. Schmutzrückstände ordnungsgemäß zu entfernen. Auch hat sich unter diesen Bedingungen ein Flottenverhältnis von etwa 1 : 3 bis etwa 1 : 7 als besonders geeignet erwiesen, wie dies vorstehend schon beim Waschen ausgeführt wurde.In the case of household washing machines, the washing drum is preferably rotated through an angle between approximately 180 ° and approximately 270 ° within a rinsing sequence, since the swirling of the liquor generated in this way is completely sufficient for the items of laundry resulting from domestic washing in order to properly remove the detergent or dirt residues . A liquor ratio of about 1: 3 to about 1: 7 has also proven to be particularly suitable under these conditions, as was already the case above was carried out during washing.

Was die Drehzahl der Waschtrommel während der Wasch- bzw. Spülsequenz anbetrifft, so ist hierzu anzumerken, daß diese zwischen etwa 15 U/min und etwa 30 U/min beträgt. Selbstverständlich ist es jedoch auch möglich, bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren höhere Drehzahlen, die beispielsweise denen des Standes der Technik entsprechen und zwischen etwa 30 U/min und etwa 50 U/min liegen, oder aber niedrigere Drehzahlen, wie beispielsweise solche zwischen etwa 7 U/min und etwa 14 U/min, auszuwählen.As far as the speed of the washing drum during the washing or rinsing sequence is concerned, it should be noted that this is between approximately 15 rpm and approximately 30 rpm. However, it is of course also possible in the method according to the invention to use higher speeds, which correspond, for example, to those of the prior art and are between approximately 30 rpm and approximately 50 rpm, or else lower speeds, such as those between approximately 7 rpm. min and about 14 rpm.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die dadurch erzielbaren vorteilhaften Wirkungen werden nachfolgend anhand von Ausfürhungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The method according to the invention and the advantageous effects which can be achieved thereby are explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments.

Alle nachfolgend beschriebenen Waschversuche wurden bei 40° C durchgeführt, während zum Spülen Leitungswasser von etwa 18° C verwendet wurde. Als Waschgut wurden die nachfolgend aufgelisteten, standardisierten Testgewebe eingesetzt. Die Beurteilung erfolgte in Anlehnung an DIN 44 983, wobei der Wascheffekt durch Remissionsmessung der gewaschenen Standardgewebe und der Schrumpf nach fünf Wäschen bestimmt wurden.All washing tests described below were carried out at 40 ° C, while tap water of about 18 ° C was used for rinsing. The standardized test fabrics listed below were used as laundry. The assessment was based on DIN 44 983, the washing effect being determined by remission measurement of the washed standard fabrics and the shrinkage after five washes.

Standardisierte Testgewebe:

  • EMPA-Baumwoll-Schmutzgewebe (Hersteller: Eidgenössische Materialprüfanstalt Sankt Gallen, Schweiz)
  • WFK-Baumwoll-Schmutzgewebe (Hersteller: WFK-Testgewebe GmbH, Krefeld)
  • WFK-Woll-Schmutzgewebe (Hersteller: WFK-Testgewebe GmbH, Krefeld)
Standardized test fabrics:
  • EMPA cotton dirt fabric (manufacturer: Eidgenössische Materialprüfanstalt Sankt Gallen, Switzerland)
  • WFK cotton dirt fabric (manufacturer: WFK-Testgewebe GmbH, Krefeld)
  • WFK wool dirt fabric (Manufacturer: WFK-Testgewebe GmbH, Krefeld)

Beispiel 1:Example 1:

Zur Gewinnung von Vergleichswerten wurden Waschversuche nach zwei unterschiedlichen, herkömmlichen Verfahren unter den folgenden Bedingungen dürchgeführt:

Figure imgb0001
To obtain comparative values, washing tests were carried out using two different, conventional methods under the following conditions:
Figure imgb0001

Die nach dem bekannten Verfahren erzielbaren Ergebnisse sind nachfolgend zusammengefaßt:

Figure imgb0002
The results which can be achieved by the known method are summarized below:
Figure imgb0002

Beispiel 2:Example 2:

Es wurde ein weiterer Waschversuch nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren durchgeführt, wobei die Bedingungen dieses Waschversuches nachfolgend aufgelistet sind:

Figure imgb0003
Another washing test was carried out by the process according to the invention, the conditions of this washing test being listed below:
Figure imgb0003

Die Ergebnisse sind nachfolgend zusammengefaßt:

Figure imgb0004
The results are summarized below:
Figure imgb0004

Wie der Vergleich der vorstehend aufgeführten Ergebnisse mit den Ergebnissen gemäß Beispiel 1 zeigt, läßt sich durch Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sowohl der beim Waschen auftretende Schrumpf als auch der Wascheffekt erheblich verbessern. Ebenso ist es möglich, durch Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens den Gesamtwasser- und Gesamtenergiebedarf erheblich zu verringern sowie die Gesamtwaschzeit zu verkürzen.As the comparison of the results listed above with the results according to Example 1 shows, both the shrinkage occurring during washing and the washing effect can be considerably improved by using the method according to the invention. It is also possible, by using the method according to the invention, to significantly reduce the total water and total energy requirement and to shorten the total washing time.

Beispiel 3:Example 3:

Die Wäschestücke wurden wie unter Beispiel 2 aufgeführt gewaschen, wobei jedoch im Unterscheid dazu das Spülen variiert wurde. Die Spülbedingungen sind nachfolgend aufgeführt:

Figure imgb0005
Trotz einer Verkürzung der Spülzeiten und einer Verringerung des Flottenverhältnisses beim Spülen auf 1 : 15 traten keine Verschlechterungen der Wollschrumpf- und Remissionswerte auf, wie dies die nachfolgenden Werte zeigen. Auch konnte im Vergleich zu dem vorstehend aufgeführten Wert (Beispiel 2) der Gesamtwasser-und Gesamtenergiebedarf nochmals um etwa 10 % gesenkt werden.
Figure imgb0006
The items of laundry were washed as described in Example 2, but the rinsing was varied in distinction. The rinsing conditions are listed below:
Figure imgb0005
Despite a reduction in rinsing times and a reduction in the liquor ratio when rinsing to 1:15, there was no deterioration in the wool shrinkage and remission values, as the following values show. It was also possible to reduce the total water and total energy requirement by around 10% compared to the value listed above (example 2).
Figure imgb0006

Beispiel 4:Example 4:

Es wurde ein weiterer Waschversuch unter den nachfolgenden Bedingungen durchgeführt:

Figure imgb0007
Im Vergleich zu den vorstehend aufgeführten Daten wurde bei diesem Versuch das Flottenverhältnis nochmals reduziert, was einen entscheidenden Einfluß auf den Wasserbedarf und den Energiebedarf beim Waschen hatte. Gleichzeitig wurde ein Winkel von 170° für die Vorwärts- bzw. Rückwärtsdrehung ausgewählt. Die unter diesen Bedingungen erzielbaren Daten sind nachfolgend aufgelistet:
Figure imgb0008
Obwohl bei diesem Versuch die Beladung im Vergleich zu den vorstehend aufgeführten Beispielen nochmal vergrößert wurde, zeigte das gewaschene Wollgewebe, wie auch bei den vorstehenden Versuchen, keinerlei Verfilzungen. Auch entsprechen die Waschergebnisse den unter den Beispielen 2 bis 4 aufgeführten Daten und liegen im Vergleich zu dem Beispiel 1 wesentlich besser.Another washing test was carried out under the following conditions:
Figure imgb0007
Compared to the data listed above, the liquor ratio was reduced again in this test, which had a decisive influence on the water requirement and the energy requirement for washing. At the same time, an angle of 170 ° was selected for the forward and backward rotation. The data that can be obtained under these conditions are listed below:
Figure imgb0008
Although the load was increased again in this test compared to the examples given above, the washed wool fabric, as in the previous tests, showed no matting. The washing results also correspond to the data listed in Examples 2 to 4 and are significantly better than those in Example 1.

Claims (8)

1. A method for washing or cleaning woolen articles, according to which the articles are washed or cleaned and thereafter rinsed in a washing drum carrying out washing sequences of at least one forward rotation and one backward rotation with a bath with a predetermined ratio and within a predetermined washing time, characterized in that the articles are washed or cleaned with a bath ratio between 1 : 3 to 1 : 15 and in that the washing drum carries out thereby a washing sequence with a single forward rotation about an angle of 90° to 320° and a subsequent single backward rotation about the same angle.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the articles are washed or cleaned with a bath ratio of between 1 : 3 and 1 : 7.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the washing drum is rotated forward or backward about an angle of between 180° and 270° during a washing sequence.
4. The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pause of 2 sec to 20 sec is made between the forward rotation and backward rotation of the washing drum.
5. The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a washing time of between about 2 min and about 10 min after reaching of the desired washing temperature is selected.
6. The method according to one of the preceding claims according to which the articles are rinsed in said washing drum carrying out rinsing sequences of at least one forward rotation and one backward rotation, characterized in that the articles are rinsed with a bath ratio of between 1 : 3 to 1 : 15 and in that the washing drum thereby carries out a rinsing sequence with a single forward rotation about an angle of 90° to 320° and a subsequent single backward rotation about the same angle.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the washing drum is rotated about an angle of between 180° and 270°.
8. The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a speed of the washing drum of between 15 rounds per minute and 30 rounds per minute is selected for the washing or cleaning and/or rinsing.
EP86105050A 1986-04-12 1986-04-12 Method for washing woollen articles Expired EP0241567B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

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DE8686105050T DE3660499D1 (en) 1986-04-12 1986-04-12 Method for washing woollen articles
EP86105050A EP0241567B1 (en) 1986-04-12 1986-04-12 Method for washing woollen articles
AT86105050T ATE36359T1 (en) 1986-04-12 1986-04-12 METHOD OF WASHING WOOL ITEMS.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86105050A EP0241567B1 (en) 1986-04-12 1986-04-12 Method for washing woollen articles

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EP0241567B1 true EP0241567B1 (en) 1988-08-10

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DE3811087A1 (en) * 1988-02-09 1989-08-17 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Process for washing and rinsing laundry and automatically operated washing machine suitable for this purpose

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TW200632179A (en) * 2004-12-13 2006-09-16 Ifb Ind Ltd An appliance with controlled soft wash operation
DE102005003696A1 (en) * 2005-01-26 2006-07-27 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH A method for reducing the risk shrinking delicate washing materials in horizontal axis clothes washing machines has short drum rotations all in the same direction to drain trapped liquor on the clothes

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DE3811087A1 (en) * 1988-02-09 1989-08-17 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Process for washing and rinsing laundry and automatically operated washing machine suitable for this purpose

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