EP0241322A1 - Security device for the transport of valuable documents - Google Patents

Abstract

Security device for the transport of valuable documents, of the kind comprising coloring means capable of marking these documents. This device comprises a means of confinement for documents of value, for example the case of FIG. 15 and 15bis, which includes inside a foam generating apparatus (210). The foam generator (210) comprises a reserve of compressed gas, a marking liquid capable of coloring and foaming contained in a container provided with a closure means connected to a liquid / air mixing means, said container having at least one movable wall, the gas reserve being capable in response to a signal to apply the pressure of the gas on the liquid causing the formation of a jet of coloring liquid transformed into foam by said mixing means. The signal is caused by any prohibited manipulation of the case which has prohibited manipulation detection devices controlled by electronic control means (272A, 272B) which can be activated and deactivated by a key input (283).

Description

The present invention relates to a security device for the transport of valuable documents, in particular banknotes, blank identity cards, driving licenses, passports.

In the case of banknotes, such transport is commonly referred to as "cash transport".

Traditionally, the transport of funds is carried out in bags, placed in armored vans, the transhipment operations being entrusted, to the armed conveyors.

Despite the precautions taken by the CIT companies, numerous attacks take place during these CIT transports.

Whether they succeed or fail, these attacks are often deadly, and it is desirable to deter potential perpetrators.

The most effective deterrent, known, is the invalidation of the documents or paper money transported in the event of an attack.

In a known manner, invalidation is ensured by indelible marking using a coloring liquid.

Insofar as the dye is approved as invalidating by the national banking authorities, the marked tickets are reimbursed to their rightful owner.

In order to mark the documents, a known solution consists in causing a flooding by a coloring liquid, in the event of attack, in the container used to transport these documents.

This is how GB-1,138,104 describes a container comprising 2 superimposed compartments. The upper compartment contains a glass bulb filled with a coloring liquid and which can break under the effect a detonator. The coloring liquid projected by the explosion flows by gravity into the lower compartment containing the banknotes. This technique does not guarantee flooding of banknotes for all container positions.

Patent WO 83/02975 describes a bowl overhanging a device for injecting coloring liquid under the effect of a piston driven by the explosion of an explosive charge. This injection into the bowl takes place regardless of its spatial orientation. However, the necessary volume of coloring liquid for wetting all the tickets results in the occupation of an even larger volume by the piston-type mechanisms, so that the volume remaining for transporting the tickets is small compared to the total volume. of the container. This unfavorable relationship between container volume and useful volume for banknotes is evident in the case of large transfers of funds.

Thus, the security devices of the state of the art providing for direct flooding with a coloring liquid, do not make it possible to mark a large volume of documents. In addition, these devices do not provide deterrence by indelible marking during the phase of transfer of funds in canvas bags held by hand between the armored van and a banking or commercial establishment, or vice versa, many attacks armed robbery taking place during this transport phase.

The Applicant has set itself the general aim of henceforth ensuring this deterrence by invalidation during all the phases of long-distance transport of the traditional type and even of being able to modify this transport by the use of unmarked vehicles.

The object of the present invention is a safety device which does not have the drawbacks of those of the prior art, which have a low marking capacity and do not cover all the phases of long-distance transport.

More specifically, the subject of the present invention is a security device for the transport of documents of value, in particular of banknotes, of the kind comprising means for coloring said documents, characterized in that said coloring means comprise, within a document confinement means, a foam generating apparatus comprising a reserve of compressed gas , a marker liquid capable of coloring and foaming contained in a container provided with a sealing means connected to a liquid / air mixing means, said container having at least one movable wall, the gas reserve being capable in response to a signal to apply the pressure of the gas to the liquid via said movable wall thus causing the opening of the sealing means and the formation of a jet of coloring liquid transformed into foam by said mixing means.

According to an advantageous arrangement of the invention, the movable wall is constituted by a deformable membrane.

This foam generating device makes it possible to obtain a large volume of foam compared to a small volume of coloring and foaming liquid. This volume of foam which can be of a volume equal to at least eight times the volume of coloring liquid, invades the closed space containing the documents to be marked.

Part of the foam breaks on contact with the documents and the liquid produced invades the smallest interstices by capillary action.

In addition, the presence of a membrane which deforms under the thrust of the gas prevents the mixing of the liquid and gaseous phases inside the generator and thus ensures operation for all the positions of the latter.

This foam generating apparatus constitutes an essential means of the present invention. However, on its own, it would not make it possible to ensure protection by dissuasive marking of valuable documents during the various phases of their transport.

The foam generator being triggered by a preferably electrical signal, other objects of the present invention result from the combination of the foam generator with electronic control means activatable and deactivated by a mechanical or electronic key. The activated electronic control means permanently monitor a series of devices for detecting prohibited manipulation of the document confinement means.

Thus, in general, considering a container having an opening / closing system by which valuable documents are introduced near the outlet orifice of the foam generator of the present invention, the electronic control means being deactivated, the closing the container and activating the electronic control means by the action of a key external to the container ensure the automatic operation of the foam generator for any prohibited manipulation of this container.

• - un perçage de la cloison du conteneur ;
• - une ouverture, même partielle du système ouverture/fermeture ;
• - le refroidissement du conteneur en deçà d'une température déterminée ;
• - l'échauffement du conteneur au-delà d'une température déterminée ;
• - l'introduction d'eau dans le conteneur ;
• - la non-désactivation par la clef prévue à cet effet dans les limites d'un temps déterminé par une minuterie, ce temps une fois déterminé ne pouvant pas être modifié ou annulé sans désactivation préalable des moyens de commande électroniques.
• - la diminution de la pression en deçà d'une valeur déterminée ;
• - le lachage d'une poignée de transport;
• - l'ouverture par clef d'au moins une des fermetures mécaniques de la mallette ;
• - l'interruption d'un circuit électrique entre le conteneur et un autre objet ;
• - l'interruption d'un circuit électrique entre le conteneur et un ceinturon spécial porté par le convoyeur ;

This prohibited manipulation may, without the list being exhaustive, consist of:

• - a hole in the bulkhead of the container;
• - an opening, even partial of the opening / closing system;
• - cooling of the container below a determined temperature;
• - the heating of the container beyond a determined temperature;
• - the introduction of water into the container;
• - the non-deactivation by the key provided for this purpose within the limits of a time determined by a timer, this time once determined cannot be modified or canceled without prior deactivation of the electronic control means.
• - the decrease in pressure below a determined value;
• - the lacing of a carrying handle;
• - opening by key of at least one of the mechanical closings of the case;
• - the interruption of an electrical circuit between the container and another object;
• - the interruption of an electrical circuit between the container and a special belt worn by the conveyor;

Some of these manipulations will be prohibited by the presence of sensors inside the container which also has a battery or accumulator as a source of electric current. Some of these sensors are well known in the state of the art and will not be described.

In addition, in cash transport vans the flood signal can be triggered by a contact actuated by the conveyor.

It should be noted that these prohibitions are mutually reinforcing so that the scenario of container transport cannot deviate from a scenario planned in time and in space.

Protection against piercing of the container partitions can be ensured by a conductive frame carried in the sides of the container. Any rupture of this frame triggers the flooding of foam.

In a preferred manner, protection against piercing of the partitions is ensured by a multilayer protective screen.

The characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the description which follows, by way of examples, with reference to the appended drawings in which:

• Figure 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of the foam generating apparatus according to the invention;
• Figure 2 is a detail view of an alternative embodiment of the first embodiment of the foam generating apparatus according to Figure 1;
• Figure 3 is a sectional view of a detail of Figure 1 marked thereon by insert III;
• Figure 4 is a sectional view of part of the invention equivalent to that shown in Figure 3 according to an alternative embodiment;
• Figure 5 is an exterior view of a second embodiment of the foam generating apparatus according to the invention;
• Figure 6 is a sectional view of a rear portion of the second embodiment of the foam generating apparatus shown in Figure 5;
• Figure 7 is a sectional view of a front portion of the second embodiment of the foam generating apparatus shown in Figure 5;
• Figure 8 is an exterior view of a third embodiment of the foam generating apparatus.
• Figure 9 is a sectional view of a rear portion of the third embodiment of the foam generating apparatus shown in Figure 8;
• Figure 10 is a sectional view of a front portion of the third embodiment of the foam generating apparatus shown in Figure 8;
• Figure 11 is an exterior view of a fourth embodiment of the foam generating apparatus;
• Figure 12 is an overall perspective view of a first embodiment of a security device according to the invention in the form of a carrying case;
• Figure 13 is a perspective view of the carrying case shown in Figure 12, in another position;
• Figure 14 is a perspective view of the second embodiment of a security device which is in the form of a carrying case;
• FIG. 15 is another perspective view of the second embodiment of a security device according to FIG. 14.
• FIG. 15bis shows in detail the control unit of this case shown in FIG. 15;
• Figure 16 is a sectional view taken along XVI-XVI of a detail of figure 14;
• Figure 17 is a sectional view taken along XVII-XVII of a detail of Figure 14;
• Figure 18 is an enlarged view of a detail of Figure 16 identified thereon by insert XVIII.
• Figure 19 is a schematic view of a section taken along XIX-XIX of a detail of Figure 15;
• Figure 20 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of a security device according to the invention, and implementing the first embodiment of a security device according to the invention;
• Figure 21 is a partial perspective view of the third embodiment of a security device according to the invention;
• Figure 22 is a sectional view taken along XXII-XXII of an execution detail of the third embodiment of a security device according to the invention;
• FIG. 23 is a diagram of an electrical circuit implemented in the first embodiment of a safety device according to the invention;
• FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of an alternative embodiment of the first embodiment of a security device according to the invention;
• FIG. 25 is an overall view of a fourth embodiment of a security device according to the invention, and implementing the fourth embodiment of the foam generating apparatus according to the invention;
• Figure 26 shows in detail part of Figure 25;
• Figure 27 shows a section along XXVII-XXVII of Figure 26;
• Figure 28 is an enlarged detail of Figure 25;
• FIG. 29 is an overall view of a fifth embodiment of a security device according to the invention and implementing part of the security device of the fourth embodiment;
• Figure 30 is a schematic overview of a sixth embodiment of a security device according to the invention and implementing a part of the security device of the fourth embodiment.
• FIG. 1 represents a first embodiment of a foam generator according to the invention which comprises an accumulator 10, generally in the form of a cylinder terminated at each of its two longitudinal ends by a hemisphere.

The accumulator 10 is in two parts, a main part 10 'consisting of the cylinder and a hemispherical end, and a hemispherical cap 10 "which is fixed to the main part 10' by a joint plane 11 normal to the axis of the cylinder and materialized by a lip projecting radially from the main part 10 'and the cap 10 ".

Screwing means, conventional, are provided to secure these two lips.

Opposite the cap 10 ", the hemispherical end of the main part 10 'has a threaded opening 12 into which a valve 13 is screwed.

The valve 13 generally comprises an exhaust body 14, substantially cylindrical, containing a guide support 15 in a star shape capable of axially guiding a valve stem 16 terminated by a cup 17 of which a so-called dorsal face has a partially frustoconical shape in order to cooperate with sealingly with a radial internal projection of the exhaust body 14 having a complementary shape.

A helical spring 18, bearing on a shim 18 ', is housed in a part of the exhaust body 14 located downstream of the cup 17. The spring 18 tends to close the valve, exerting an axial force on one side so-called anterior (in fact, looking towards the outside of the accumulator) of the cup 17.

Any axial force exerted on the back of the cup 17 tends to detach the latter from the exhaust body 14 towards the outside, and thereby compress the spring 18.

A so-called exhaust manifold 20 is fixed on the projecting end of the valve 13, while providing, by an internal diameter greater than the external diameter of the valve 13, an annular air intake 21.

The exhaust manifold comprises a bottleneck 22 provided with four transverse air intakes 23 (only three are visible in the figure) in its portion of smaller diameter.

Downstream of the bottleneck 22, the exhaust pipe 20 returns to its initial diameter.

The cap 10 "has at its top a striker 25, partially projecting, extending partly inside thereof.

The striker 25 is extended by a bottle 26 of liquefied gas under pressure, extending generally in an axial direction inside the accumulator. A bladder 27, of deformable material, adapts on the one hand to the joint plane 11, sandwiched between the lips projecting radially from the accumulator 10, and on the other hand to the bottle 26, in the manner of a thimble 27 '.

In practice, a flat part 27 ", in the shape of a crown, of the bladder 27 is connected to the part 27 'forming a thimble by a corrugation 27"' of semi-toroidal shape.

The bladder 27 sealingly isolates a so-called pressure space 28 confined by the cap and the bladder, containing the internal part of the striker 25 and the bottle 26 from a space 29 formed by the remaining internal volume of the accumulator 10.

FIG. 2 represents an alternative embodiment which uses a simple cover 151 disposed against, and so as to close off, a nozzle 152 constituting the mouth of the accumulator 10.

The cover 151 is tightened against the nozzle 152 by an annular clamping piece 153, having a cylindrical internal recess substantially of the diameter of the nozzle 152, comprising an external thread and a radial projection allowing it to be screwed onto a complementary thread provided protruding from the accumulator 10. The cover 151 is capable of breaking when one of its faces is subjected to a pressure exceeding a determined threshold.

FIG. 3 shows in greater detail the striker 25.

In this first embodiment, it is a mechanical striker.

Such a striker 25 comprises a cylindrical body 30 closed at its projecting end from the cap 10 ", which it passes through by a nozzle exactly matching its cross section and to which it is welded, and terminated at its opposite end by an internal thread.

The bottle 26 is fixed to the striker 25 by an additional thread allowing it to be screwed.

The neck 26 ′ of the bottle 26 is closed by a cover 31. The gas contained in the bottle 26 is released when this cover is broken.

A movable disc 32 provided with an axially projecting tip 33 in the direction of the cover 31 is retained by a pin 34 projecting transversely towards the inside of the striker body 30, sliding in a nozzle 34 'formed therein. at an axial level outside the cap 10 ".

The movable disc 32, in the position shown, compresses a helical spring 39 resting on the bottom of the striker 25. The pin 34 is secured to an L-shaped lever 35 outside the striker, movable around an axis, provided with 'a spring 36 tending to move a branch of the lever away from the body 30 of the striker, which tends to cause the pin 34 to penetrate in nozzle 34 '.

The other branch of the lever 35, integral with the pin 34, comprises a traction ring 37 making it possible to pull the pin 34 out of the nozzle 34 ', which releases the disc 32 and therefore the spring 39. A cord is connected to the traction ring 37.

The body 30 of the striker has two nozzles 38,38 'located inside the cap 10 ", capable of connecting the bottle 26 with the pressure space 28 when the cover 31 is open.

The device according to the first embodiment of the invention described and represented by Figures 1 and 2 constitutes a foam generator, intended to be placed in a container, for example a bag, for the transport of valuable documents.

One use of the device described consists in putting it in a bag intended for the transport of funds, that is to say containing paper money.

The accumulator 10 is charged with a liquid capable of coloring and foaming confined in space 29. Such a liquid advantageously contains Rhodamine-base, according to the following formula:

Rhodamine-base is an indelible dye, capable of marking banknotes which, when they are marked, become unusable.

Such tickets, if returned by their legitimate owner, are reimbursed by the Issuing Bank.

• La tartrazine de formule :
  
• Le "Patent Blue V" de formule :
  
• Le "Brillant Blue FCF" de formule :
  

les colorants cités ci-dessus peuvent être utilisés seuls ou en mélange.Other dyes can be used without the The following list given by way of example is exhaustive:

• The tartrazine of formula:
  
• The "Patent Blue V" formula:
  
• The "Brillant Blue FCF" formula:
  

the dyes mentioned above can be used alone or as a mixture.

The choice of colorant may vary from country to country. the other, according to the approval obtained from the central banks concerned.

A particularly suitable dosage consists of an aqueous mixture comprising approximately 0.125% to 0.3% by volume of dye.

The aqueous mixture according to the invention also comprises a surfactant.

Advantageously, it is an alkaline lauryl-Ether sulfate, for example of ammonium, sodium or potassium.

Advantageously, the proportion of surfactant in the aqueous mixture is approximately 3% by volume.

The aqueous mixture may optionally include an antifreeze, in particular ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.

A foam generator according to the invention, loaded with coloring and foaming liquid is placed inside, for example, a bag containing tickets.

A cord, attached to the ring 37, leaves the bag and the conveyor attaches it, for example, to his wrist.

If the bag is stolen, there is necessarily, at some point, a tension in the cord. The ring 37 is thus pulled, which pulls the pin 34 out of the body 30 of the striker through the nozzle 34 '. The movable disc 32 is thus released, the spring 39 relaxes, and pushes it towards the cover 31 that the point 33 strikes and bursts.

This releases the gas contained under pressure in the bottle 26.

Advantageously it is carbon dioxide.

The gas, released in the space 28, inflates the bladder 27, which has the effect of pressurizing the space 29, and therefore the marker liquid. As the pressure thereof increases, the cup 17 tends to come off, beyond a certain pressure threshold, from the exhaust body 14.

The marker liquid then escapes through the exhaust pipe 20.

The combined action of the air intakes 21 of the venturi formed by the neck 22 and 23, of the surfactant contained in the liquid, causes the formation of a coloring foam.

The foam, by capillarity due to the surfactant, has a wetting power markedly greater than that of a liquid without surfactant, which allows it to penetrate into tight bundles of banknotes.

In addition, the formation of foam considerably increases the volume occupied by the marking liquid. After release of the carbon dioxide, about 24 liters of foam comes out of the exhaust manifold, for 3 liters of marker liquid initially contained in the accumulator.

The interior volume of the container, where the tickets or documents are located, is flooded much more completely with a foam produced by a device according to the invention than with a liquid flowing in a conventional manner.

Figure 4 shows a striker according to an alternative embodiment.

It is a pyrotechnic type striker. Such striker 125 has a structure very similar to that of striker 25 previously described.

There is a movable disc 132 extending transversely inside a body 130, provided with a tip 133 projecting axially towards a cover 131 closing the bottle of liquefied gas.

This is fixed by screwing in the striker 125.

Two nozzles 138 and 138 ′ are able to put the bottle of liquefied gas in communication, when the cover 131 is pierced, with the pressure space 28.

At rest, the disc 132 confines a space 100 also delimited by the bottom of the striker 125. The space 100 is filled with an explosive material, black powder, for example.

• La résistance 101 est connectée aux conducteurs 110 et 112. La résistance 102 est connectée aux conducteurs 111 et 112. Le conducteur 112 rejoint une masse électrique.

Three conductors 110, 111 and 112 pass through sealingly the bottom of the body 130 of the striker, and connecting two resistors 101 and 102 as follows:

• The resistor 101 is connected to the conductors 110 and 112. The resistor 102 is connected to the conductors 111 and 112. The conductor 112 joins an electrical ground.

The tensioning of one or the other resistance causes the ignition of the powder, which, when detonated, pushes the disc 132, which causes the perforation of the cover 131 by the tip 133.

In practice, an application of a voltage on one of the conductors 110 or 111 causes the firing of the striker, which, as described above, triggers the flooding.

FIG. 5 represents an overall view of the preferred embodiment of the foam generator for its use in a safety case which will be described below with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.

This foam generator comprises a cylinder-shaped accumulator 210 terminated at one end, called the rear part, by a hemisphere 244, and at the other end, said front part, by a cover 201.

The accumulator is in two parts, a first part 210 'consisting of a cylinder 245 delimited by two planar faces to which are connected by welding respectively a hemispherical cap 244, a threaded connection piece 246; and a second part consisting of a cover 201 which is screwed onto the connection piece 246. At the hemispherical end 244 is fixed the pyrotechnic perforator 225. As will be described below in more detail with reference to FIG. 6.

At the end of the accumulator constituted by the cover 201 is fixed the system 202 for closing and channeling the marker liquid connected by a line 204 bent at a right angle to a foam generating means 250 which will be described below in detail with reference to figure 7.

The foam generating means 250 is connected to a foam exhaust tube 208 provided with openings 209 directed towards the concavity defined by the accumulator and the bent pipe 204.

The accumulator 210 contains the deformable membrane in the form of a bladder 227 having generally the shape of a rod.

The compressed gas bottle 26 is generally located inside this bladder which delimits a so-called pressure space 252 and a space 251 containing the liquid capable of coloring and foaming.

FIG. 6 represents in detail, in section, the "so-called rear" part of the foam generator represented in FIG. 5.

The hemisphere 244 of the accumulator 210 has an initial circular opening having substantially the same axis as the axis of the cylinder 245. In this opening is fixed by sealed welding a circular nut 236 having a shoulder 236A, inside the cylinder 245, projecting slightly radially the initial circular opening. In the thread of this nut 236 is screwed passing through the interior of the cylinder 245 a long rod 233 having a head 233B of diameter larger than that of the rod and whose shoulder 233C comes to crush an O-ring seal 237. In order to facilitate the various screwing operations, the rod 233 has at its end opposite to the head 233B two flats 233A. The attachment of the rod 233 to the nut 236 is reinforced by the nut 235 and the lock nut 234. Overall the rod 233 is hollow along its axis. On the side of the end carrying the two flats 233A, this rod has an internal thread of axial orientation into which an igniter 221 screwed sold by DAVEY-BICKFORD is screwed, the sealing being ensured by a tightening joint 221A. This thread 233D is followed by a cylindrical bore in which can slide a piston 228 provided with a rectilinear axis ending in a beveled point 229. This piston 228 has a groove 230 provided with an O-ring seal. The axis is surrounded by a spring which abuts on one face of the piston and on the bottom 232 of said bore which is followed by a second bore of diameter slightly greater than that of the axis and which can serve as a guide during of the sliding of this axis.

The bevelled tip 229 is flush with the recess of the head 233B which has an internal thread 240, and which communicates with two axially symmetrical nozzles 242A, 242B. An adapter 241 screwed into this thread 240 allows the fixing by screwing of a bottle 26 of liquefied carbon dioxide, sold by the company ROTH. This bottle has a cover 243 capable of being perforated by the advancement of the tip 229. Passing through the interior of the cylinder 245, and over the bottle 26, the bladder 227 is fixed in a sealed manner to the using a metal head 239 which screws onto the external thread of the head 233B, crushing the O-ring 238.

This bladder 227 and metal head 239 assembly are secured in the following manner: the shoulder 239A of spherical curvature is sandblasted or shot blasted to produce roughness thereon on which adhere paranatural rubber forming the bladder 227, during a cold molding and under pressure of 6 bar. The rubber is then cured by placing in an oven at 170 ^° C for 2 hours to give a rubber 40 shore.

FIG. 7 shows in detail, in section, the so-called "front" part of the foam generator shown in FIG. 5.

The cover 201 is screwed onto the thread of the connecting piece 246 by crushing an O-ring seal 220. This cover is provided with a hollow neck 201A in which there is a nozzle 219 which communicates with a counterbore 201B closed by a rubber pad 218 forming a seal and burst. This counterbore is followed in an axial direction by a thread 201C in which is screwed a small hollow cylinder 216 provided with two nozzles 217A and 217B and a point screw 217 and which crushes the rubber pad 218. On the remaining thread of the cylinder 216, is screwed a hollow cap 202 of generally shaped truncated cone of revolution, and which crushes the O-ring seal 222. A pipe 204 is fitted at one of its ends, in a solid and sealed manner in the counterbore 202A end of the cap, using a tightening of the cable gland type by a protruding nut 203 enclosing a joint 215. The other end of the pipe which has been bent at right angles is fitted into the countersinking 211A of a groove 211, using a tightening of the cable gland type by a protruding nut 205 enclosing a seal 212.

The giffard 211 crosses a sheet 253 forming a partition in the case which will be described later. A nut 206 ensures the fixing of the giffard to the sheet 253.

This giffard opens into a venturi 207 screwed onto the 211C thread of the giffard. The venturi is provided with four air inlet holes and is extended by the foam exhaust tube 208. The tube 208 is also fitted into the countersink 207A using a press-type clamp. tow by a protruding nut 214 enclosing a joint 213.

FIG. 8 globally represents a third embodiment of the foam generating apparatus according to the invention.

This embodiment performs an inverted division of the internal space of the accumulator 210 with respect to the previous embodiment. In fact, here the bladder 227 contains the liquid capable of coloring and foaming and the so-called pressure space 252 is in the accumulator outside this bladder. In addition, the bottle 26 is located here outside the accumulator 210.

Figure 9 shows the detail of the so-called "rear" part of the foam generator of Figure 8. Here we uses the same first part 210 ′ of the accumulator 245 described in FIG. 5. The igniter 221 (DAVEY-BICKFORD) is screwed tightly to a connection containing the same perforation system as described in FIG. 6. Here the adapter 255 crushes an O-ring 256 and the gas outlet nozzles end in a threaded cylindrical outlet 257 whose axis is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the igniter 221 and of the bottle 26. At this outlet 257 is connected to a pipe 258, bent at a right angle, by the same cable gland system as that described in FIG. 7. This pipe 258 is connected to the interior of the accumulator by fitting into a connector 259 of which a shoulder 259A crushes an O-ring 260. An overflowing nut is screwed onto the thread of the connector 259 by tightening a seal 261 cable gland.

FIG. 10 shows a detail of the so-called "front" part of the foam generator of FIG. 8. Here only the structure of the cover 262 is slightly modified compared to that of the cover 201 of FIG. 7. The hollow neck 263 is extends inside by a projection 264, partly threaded having a shoulder 265. On this threaded projection 264 is screwed the metal head 239 of the bladder 227 by crushing an O-ring seal 266.

FIG. 11 represents an overall view of the preferred embodiment of the foam generator for its use in the bags of the bottom conveyors which constitute the fourth embodiment of the safety device.

The internal structure of this foam generator is similar to that of FIG. 5. However, the accumulator is shorter, resulting in a smaller size for the gas expansion bladder. The outlet tube 267 is bent in a U so that the foam exhaust tube 270 is located in the space provided by a grid 268 for distributing foam, between this grid placed in a U, and the outer wall of the cylinder of the accumulator where it is attached. On the cylinder of the accumulator, approximately in the median plane of the U-shaped grid and of the exhaust tube passing through the axis of said cylinder, opposite, are welded two screws 269A, 269B which extend radially towards the outside substantially in this median plane. These screws are intended for fixing the foam generator to the wall of a conveyor bag.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show a first embodiment of a safety device in the form of a carrying case using the alternative embodiment of the foam generator shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.

Such a case has two compartments:

A compartment 51, called useful compartment, suitable for receiving documents or bundles of tickets is separated by a partition 53 from a compartment 52, called technical unit.

The technical unit 52 contains an accumulator 10 according to the invention, the exhaust manifold of which is bent at a right angle, and opens, passing through the partition 53, into the useful compartment 51.

in addition to the accumulator 10 and its exhaust pipe, the technical unit also contains a control unit 54, one face of which projects outside the case, on a portion of its belt.

The face of the technical unit 54 thus appearing outside the case includes a duration switch 55, a female socket 56 of a lockable connector, and the orifice 57 of a lock.

In practice, the duration switch 55 controls a timer 76 (shown in FIG. 23), internal to the control unit 54.

The female socket 56 is suitable for receiving a corresponding male plug 58, terminating a connecting cord 59.

The control unit is connected by the three conductors 110,111,112 to the accumulator 10, more precisely to the striker 125 thereof.

The useful compartment 51 is provided with a valve 60 opening onto the outside of the case, and closed at rest in a sealed manner by the effect of a return spring 61. The valve 60 is capable of opening when the useful volume 51 of the case is flooded with a liquid under pressure and when this pressure exceeds a predetermined threshold.

The case also includes a carrying handle 62 comprising a movable part known as a retractable handle 63 able to penetrate at least partially into the carrying handle 62 when the hand is shaken around the latter to carry the case 50.

The retractable handle 63 controls an electrical contact according to its position, as will be described later. The sides and the belt of the case include a frame 64 shown in broken lines in FIGS. 12 and 13.

In practice, this is a small section electrical conductor offering low breaking strength. The frame 64 is distributed homogeneously in the surfaces of the sides and of the belt of the case.

A flexible conductor 64 'connects two parts of the frame 64, thus connected in series, each corresponding to one of the parts of the case.

As will be confirmed by examining FIG. 21, each case 50 comprises, not shown here, four magnetizable studs 72, arranged on the face opposite to the face provided with the carrying handle 62.

Figures 14 and 15 show the second preferred embodiment of a security device in the form of a carrying case.

Here the case is made of cast aluminum alloy to combine both lightness and solidity. In addition, once closed the case constitutes a Faraday cage which protects the electronic components 272A and the electric battery 272B of the technical unit 271. The accumulator 210 is housed in a compartment 273 closed by a cover 274 fixed by four screws.

Here the useful compartment is constituted by a parallelepipedic basket 275 regularly pierced with 10 mm holes themselves spaced 15 mm (10 mm mesh spaced 15 mm). In the cover of the case inside, a plate 276 pierced in the same way and fixed by screws 276A comes to constitute the sixth face of the parallelepiped, by closing the cover of the case. It can also be seen here that the pierced walls of this parallelepiped are not in direct contact with the internal partitions of the case, but on the contrary are separated by fixing using spacer pins 277, themselves fixed by screws to the partitions of the briefcase. Here the conductive frame 64 of the case of Figures 12 and 13 has been replaced by a screen 278 multi-layer alternating thin plastic / thin metal which will be described in detail below.

This screen has been glued to the inside of the naked case which, closed, defines by its internal walls a straight parallelepiped which, when opening, defines a first portion of parallelepiped called the cover and a second called the empty receptacle.

This screen must be arranged with precision so that its prefabricated holes correspond well with the internal screws and bolts to the case and to the passageways of the connections between the outside and the inside of the case. The corresponding metal layers of the cover screen and those of the empty receptacle are connected by a flexible cable 279 of sufficient length to allow movement of the cover.

Here the case is provided with the preferred foam generator according to FIG. 5. It includes locking means 280, with a key which constitute one of the devices for detecting prohibited manipulation. This case is also provided with a retractable handle 281 with electrical contact and on the left on the belt before a control unit 282.

This control unit comprises, as shown in FIG. 15bis, an entry for deactivation activation key 283, a light emitting diode or LED 284, a 5-contact DIN audio female plug 285, a timer setting button 286 and a push button 287.

Inside the technical unit 271 is a limit switch 288 capable of being controlled by the support of a stud 289 of adjustable height fixed inside the cover of the case, and which is introduced into the hole 290 of the cover of said technical block.

This case also includes four magnetizable studs 291 on the rear outer flank of the receptacle.

FIG. 16 shows in section along XVI-XVI of the wall of the cover of the case of FIG. 14. On the aluminum alloy wall 292 is pasted the screen 278 pre-assembled by alternating bonding of thin sheets 293 (25 um thickness per sheet) polypropylene and thin sheets 294 of aluminum (15 _/ um in thickness per sheet). The screen has a thickness greater than (25 pm X 5) + (15 pm X 4) = 185 µm due to the bonding of the layers.

FIG. 17 shows in section along XVII-XVII the edge of an opening in such a screen in FIG. 14. To ensure the electrical insulation of the thin sheets 294 of aluminum, the thin sheets 293 of polypropylene, in the vicinity of a hole or one end of the covering, extend beyond the dimensions of the aluminum sheets, are bonded together polypropylene on polypropylene, and stop at about the limit of hole 294 serving as a threaded hole for the screw fixing a stud 277.

FIG. 18 shows in magnification a detail of this screen where a layer of adhesive 295 joins a propylene sheet 293 to an aluminum sheet 294.

Figure 19 shows schematically the electrical connection of the four insulated aluminum sheets. From the wall of the case the aluminum sheets have a alternating polarity and are connected to copper electrical wires inserted in the assembly between aluminum and polypropylene.

FIG. 20 schematically shows the arrangement of a plurality of such cases, which are stowed inside a transport van, using magnetic pads 72. The multilayer protective screen 278 as previously described covers inside all the walls of the trunk of the van. This screen is electrically connected to the control unit 331 constituting an electronic control means for triggering flooding. A keyboard control box 74 is arranged in the passenger compartment of the van, and is connected to the control unit 331 itself connected by DIN male plugs, to all the transported cases.

FIG. 21 overall represents a shelf of the transport van with several cases arranged on it, and FIG. 22 partially represents the case on such a shelf.

A shelf 70 of a transport van has magnets 71 arranged so as to be flush with the upper face of the shelf 70, matching magnetizable studs 72, of the same cross section, secured to the lower part of the belt of the case 50 .

In practice, each case 50 has four magnetizable pads 72, and the shelf 70 is divided into sections 70 ′ each comprising four magnets and corresponding to a case. The pads 72 are made of a magnetizable material, soft iron for example. Each magnet 71, of the permanent magnet type, is surrounded by an electromagnet 73, in practice a solenoid of which the permanent magnet 71 constitutes the core. When the case 50 is placed on the section 70 ′ of the shelf which corresponds to it, the cord 59 is connected, as shown in FIG. 21.

A control box 74 with keyboard, disposed in the van, is capable of establishing the connection connections under electromagnet voltage 73.

FIG. 23 shows the electrical diagram for controlling the energization of one or other of the resistors 101 and 102 capable of triggering the firing of the striker 125.

In practice, this circuit groups together means for triggering flooding and their interconnection.

The van has a voltage source supplying, via two switches 77 and 78, two conductors 77 ', 78' respectively, contained in the cord 59, a third conductor 79 of which is connected to ground by connection 58/56 when the latter is engaged. The conductor 78 'is connected with the conductor 111 connected to the resistor 102.

In practice, the circuit thus formed is the only source of voltage for the resistor 102.

It is controlled by switch 78, located in the van.

A second voltage source, in practice a battery 80 is disposed inside the control unit 54 (FIG. 13).

An activation switch 81 connects one terminal of the battery 80 to a circuit for energizing the resistor 101.

The switch 81 can be opened by a key 82 corresponding to the lock 57, and is closed by the locking device (symbolized by an arrow in broken lines) of the connector 56, when the plug 58 is connected.

The opening and closing control of the switch 81 can however be envisaged differently in other embodiments of the invention.

The means for closing the switch 81 constitute the means for activating the detector means as will appear below.

Downstream of the switch 81, the setting circuit under voltage of the resistor 101 is subdivided into two circuits joining downstream at point 99, supplying the conductor 110.

A first circuit, said to be internal, can only be supplied by the battery 80.

It has two branches.

A first branch comprises, in parallel with each other, the handle 63 and the timer 76, which are, in practice, theft detection means.

At rest, the handle 63 establishes contact between the two points 63 ', contact which opens when the case is grasped by the handle.

The timer 76, set by the switch 55, becomes on, that is to say electrically conductive after a period determined by the latter, from its power up,

Downstream, this first branch supplies voltage to a so-called intervention relay 83.

A second branch directly connects the voltage source to a terminal 83 'of the intervention relay 83.

The relay 83 is connected so that when it is called into the working position by switching it on, it connects a terminal 84 to the terminal 83 ', and when at rest it disconnects them.

Terminal 84 is connected, downstream, to conductor 110 via junction point 99.

Thus, the intervention relay 83 has the effect of energizing the resistor 101.

A second circuit, called the frame circuit, can be supplied either by the battery 80, or by the external voltage source, voltage conveyed by the conductor 77 'via the connection 56/58.

An inverter relay 85 connects at rest a terminal 86, connected to the battery 80 with a common terminal 88, starting point of the frame circuit.

Called in the working position, the changeover relay 85 connects the common terminal 88 to a terminal 87 connected to the conductor 77 'via connection 56/58.

The voltage supply to the changeover relay 85 is in parallel with terminal 87.

Thus, the switch 77 and the connection 56/58 both control the relay 85, which returns to the rest position when it is no longer connected to the external voltage source, in practice located in the vehicle.

The conductor 79 serves to return to ground the change-over relay 85.

The frame circuit is divided into two branches: A first branch comprises a relay called frame trigger 89.

This relay, at rest, connects terminal 90, connected to a second branch of the circuit which will be described later, with point 91 connected to junction point 99.

Called in the working position, relay 89 connects terminal 90 to a free terminal 92.

The relay is directly supplied with voltage by the first branch of the frame circuit, and the return to ground is made by frame 64.

In this exemplary embodiment of the invention, the frame 64 is therefore arranged downstream of the power supply of the frame trigger relay 89, but it could without inconvenience be arranged upstream, in the same circuit branch.

The second branch of the frame circuit comprises, between terminal 88 and terminal 90, a timing circuit 93.

Such a circuit becomes conducting a few seconds after it is powered up, the duration being predetermined.

Thus, when terminal 88 receives a voltage either from the battery 80 or from the external source, the frame trigger relay 89 is called in the working position and isolates terminal 90 from terminal 91. Then only, terminal 90 is energized when circuit 93 becomes passerby.

The means for energizing the resistor 102 is, as described above, a means of voluntary intervention. It can be triggered, for example, from the control unit 74 (Figure 22). The means capable of energizing the resistor 101 are, in practice, theft detection means.

FIG. 24 represents an alternative embodiment of the first embodiment of a security device according to the invention.

All of the connection devices are grouped together in an electronic circuit 200 to which the flight detector means, the activation means of the flight detector means, the striker release resistors, and the external voltage source are connected. A box (not shown) contains the circuit 200 and the battery 80.

Such a circuit 200 replaces the electromechanical device using relays, bulky, expensive and of uncertain reliability, by a fully electronic semiconductor device, which does not have these drawbacks.

The switches 77 and 81 are advantageously, in this variant, switches of the flexible blade type (ILS) arranged inside the case, and controlled by electromagnets arranged in the shelf 70. It is possible, in this case, to use the function of unlocking the case from the force of attraction of the electromagnets to switch the connection of the power supply to the frame circuit on the battery 80.

The frame 64, the retractable handle 63, the duration switch 55, the resistors 101 and 102, the two "I.L.S." 77 and 81 are connected to terminals of the circuit 200 provided for this purpose.

The whole is contained in the case, the voltage supply by an external source is making, unchanged, by connection 56/58 and cord 59.

FIG. 25 represents a fourth embodiment of a safety device implementing the fourth embodiment of the foam generating apparatus shown in FIG. 11.

This foam generator is fixed inside the bag 296 using the screws 269A and 269B which pass through two eyelets of the bag and are blocked by corresponding nuts. The igniter 221 of the foam generator is connected via an electronic box 299 and electrical connections to two plug-in plugs 322, 323, with quick and easy unclipping, then to an electrical box 297 fixed to a belt 298. The electronic unit contains its own source of electrical energy in the form of an electric battery and also electronic means for controlling the igniter 221.

Figures 26 and 27 show in detail the belt 298.

This comprises, concealed inside two leather straps, a core 301 conductive of the electric current in the form of two thin sheets of copper 302, 303. This metallic core traverses the belt between a first part 306 of a button pressure located towards one of the ends of said belt up to a first eyelet 304 furthest from the closure loop 307. This metallic core is interrupted between 2 eyelets then resumes from the second eyelet 305 until a nut screw 308. From this conductive nut screw leaves inside the belt a conductive wire 309 coated with insulation which is connected to the second complementary part 310 of the press button, this second part being crimped onto a slide 311 able to slide on the belt, this sliding being limited by the length of the conducting wire 309.

With the belt in the adjusted and closed position, the barbs 313 of the buckle 307 are engaged in the 312 suitable perforations and the press button is closed by snap-fastening of its two complementary parts 306, 310.

In this latter position the two conductive eyelets 304, 305 operate as the two separate ends of a concealed linear conductor which surrounds the size of the conveyor.

Figure 27 shows in section the interruption of the conductive core between the eyelets 304, 305, and also the screw nut 308 passing through a conductive eyelet 314 connected to one of the sections of the conductive core.

The eyelets 304, 305, the eyelet 314, the first part 306 of the press button, are electrically connected to the conductive core by solder points. Likewise, the second part 310 of the press button is connected to the electric wire 309 by a welding point.

FIG. 28 shows in detail the electrical box 297.

This has on its rear face two conductive pins 315, 316, which are fixed in the two metal eyelets 304, 305 of the belt 298 and on its front face a lock 318 with key 319 for activation and deactivation of the system , a push button 325 used to test the battery incorporated in the electronic box and a female connection plug 320, while the upper face of the electric box 297 is provided with an on / off indicator light 317.

The plug 320 is connected to a male plug 321 itself connected by an electric cord 324 to the two plugs 322, 323 with quick and easy unclipping. This unhooking can occur under the effect of the own weight of the bag fitted with the foam generator. The plug 323 is connected by an electric cord 326 to the electronic unit 299.

Figure 29 shows a part of the security device of Figure 25, which has been enclosed in a portable security unit in the form of a box sufficiently spacious to accommodate the bag 296. The electronic box 299 is electrically connected via the electric cord 326 and the plug 323 to a control box 327 which is present outside the box like the control box 282 of Figure 15bis.

There is an activation / deactivation key input 283, an LED 284, a 5-way DIN audio plug 285, a timer setting button 286 and a push button 287.

This box has all of its interior walls covered with a multi-layer protective screen as described above. This screen is electrically connected to the control unit 327. This box also has a retractable handle 281 with electrical contact fixed on the top of the cover, a closing system 328 and a limit switch 329 located in a hole with a stud 330 of adjustable height fixed inside the cover of the case suitable for controlling this switch.

FIG. 30 schematically represents an armored van where bags 296 and their respective foam generators are suspended in the trunk of the van and electrically connected to an electrical control unit 331 capable of controlling the impregnation of the contents of all the bags. The trunk of the van is covered on all its internal faces with the previously described multilayer protection screen. This protective screen has, as in the case of the case or the suitcase, been made taking into account the interior movable door in the van and the various connections which must pass through it. This screen 278 is glued to the walls of the trunk of the van. In the driver's cabin of the van, a control unit 332 connected to the control unit 331 is capable of triggering the foam generators by voluntary decision of the driver.

The operation of the foam generator shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, has been previously described. The other foam generators according to the invention operate in the same way.

The use of a carrying case, represented in FIGS. 12, 13, according to the first embodiment of a safety device according to the invention will now be described with reference in particular to FIGS. 20 to 23.

At rest, during transport of the funds in the van, each case 50 rests on the section 70 'which is assigned to it on a shelf 70.

A direct current passes through the solenoids 73 so that the electromagnets thus formed exert on the pads 72 a force going in the same direction as that exerted by the permanent magnets 71.

The force due to each permanent magnet is - about 20 kgf, and is doubled by that of the electromagnet.

Each case comprising four studs 72, strength. total blocking of the case is therefore 160 kgf. The plug 58 is connected to the socket 56 and supplies the frame circuit with voltage, the switch 77 being closed.

In this state, in the event of an attempt to steal the case, the force to be exerted (160-kgf) to release it is such that it would cause the walls of the latter, and therefore the frame, to rupture. This would trigger the flood.

When the van has arrived at its destination, the conveyor is first confirmed that the way is clear, in a conventional manner.

He then grabs the case by the handle and sets the timer by switch 55.

This isolates the internal circuit of the battery 80, hitherto isolated by the activation switch 81, in the open position.

Another conveyor, the driver of the vehicle, for example, composes on the keyboard of the control box 74 a code reversing the direction of current in solenoids 73 corresponding to the briefcase entered.

This reversal of the direction of the current has the effect of opposing the force of the electromagnets to that of the permanent magnets, and therefore of canceling it.

Since the cord 59 is still connected to the case, the frame circuit is supplied by the voltage of the van. The conveyor then disconnects the plug 58, which activates the internal circuit by closing the switch 81. Alternatively, when the switch 81 is of the "ILS" type, the removal of the magnetic force of the magnets closes it, which activates the internal circuit. Simultaneously, the switch 77 also of the "ILS" type, connected in the opposite direction opens, which switches the power supply of the frame circuit to the battery 80.

The case is then free, and all the theft detection means are simultaneously activated.

In the event of an attack, at least one of the theft detection means triggers the firing of the striker 126, which triggers the flooding of coloring foam, for example. When the foam reaches a determined pressure in the useful space, in addition to marking the banknotes, there is an opening of the spray valve 60.

The foam gushes out, which has the effect of spraying dye in the immediate vicinity of the case, and therefore the perpetrators of the attack. This facilitates their identification, in the event that they flee.

If no attack takes place, the conveyor gives the briefcase to its recipient, taking care not to let go of the handle.

The recipient holds a key which, by the lock 57, opens the switch 81.

It therefore deactivates all the flight detector means, isolating the battery 80.

The handle can be released and the case opened without triggering a flood.

The protective screen previously described and shown in Figures 16, 17, 18, 19, operates by short-circuiting two layers of reverse polarity. As a test, this screen was glued to a 1.5 mm sheet iron plate and subjected to a magnum pistol shot, the impact occurring on the iron (imitation of the wall of the box of the van). Depending on the energy of the projectile, the sheet is perforated or deformed and causes the screen to tear. In both cases, to have a short circuit for sure, it is necessary to have four thin metallic layers of alternating polarity separated and successively coated with five layers of polypropylene. This screen also protects a closed enclosure against drilling by using drills or cutting by circular saw. In addition, the fact that there is a large difference in melting point between the aluminum (mp = _660. C) and polypropylene (mp = 165 "C) results in the oxyhydrogen flame cutting or laser creates a contact zone between two layers of aluminum from the screen by eliminating part of a layer of insulating plastic, in the vicinity of the start of the cut and thus causes the enclosure to invade with foam.

The use of the bags used in the safety devices shown in Figures 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 and 30 will now be described.

The conveyor surrounded by its belt 298 provided with the electrical box 297, connects the plug 320 to the plug 318 providing connection continuity to the electronic box 299 of the bag 296 previously filled with banknotes.

Then using the key 319 it activates the system while holding the bag in one hand: the indicator light 317 comes on. Any disconnection of the plugs 318, 320 or 322, 323 by simply letting off the bag, or any cut of the cord as well as the tearing of the box or the opening of the belt will cause an opening of the electrical circuit which analyzed by the electronic box 299 provided 'a battery will emit immediately the secondary electric current triggering the ignition of the igniter 221 and the flooding of foam, invalidating the banknotes of the bag.

The key 319 can be brought inside the van by another conveyor. If the journey is made without aggression to the van, the previous device is deactivated inside the van by the key 319 and the assembly is disconnected at the level of the plugs 318, 320.

The plug 320 is immediately connected to the control unit 331 and the driver can at any time trigger the voluntary flooding of the bags from the control box 332. In addition, the protective screen is activated.

A variant of this bottom transport consists in transporting the bags 296 out of the van in the safety device shown in FIG. 29 in the form of a box. This box is in particular equipped with a retractable handle of a foolproof timer 286, a protective screen 278, a limit switch, a closing system 328, and consequently provides protection similar to the case previously described.

It is up to the person skilled in the art to envisage alternative embodiments of the present invention without departing from its scope. One can, in particular, consider replacing a mechanical or pyrotechnic striker, as described, a solenoid valve. In particular, in the cylindrical body of a foam generator according to the invention, the gas and liquid pressure spaces can be arranged on either side of a piston adapted to slide in said cylindrical body. In addition, in the mode of transport of funds, it is possible to envisage the transport of briefcases and safety boxes, according to the invention, using unmarked vehicles which are difficult to locate as part of an aggression preparation on the part of the perpetrators.

Claims (34)

1. Security device for the transport of valuable documents, in particular banknotes, of the type comprising means for coloring said documents, characterized in that said coloring means comprise, within a document confinement means, an apparatus foam generator comprising a reserve of compressed gas, a marking liquid capable of coloring and foaming contained in a container provided with a closure means connected to a liquid / air mixing means, said container having at least one movable wall, the gas reserve being capable in response to a signal to apply the pressure of the gas on the liquid via said movable wall thus causing the opening of the sealing means and the formation of a jet of coloring liquid transformed into foam by said mixing means. 2. Safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas reserve is constituted by a gas cylinder (26). 3. Safety device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the movable wall is constituted by a deformable membrane. 4. Safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable wall is a rubber bladder (27, 227). 5. Safety device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the container is an accumulator (210), that the sealing means comprises a tablet (218) and that the liquid / air mixing means comprises a giffard (211) opening into a venturi (207) provided with air inlet holes, this venturi being extended by a foam exhaust tube (208, 270) provided with openings (209). 6. Safety device according to claim 5, characterized in that said foam generator comprises a pyrotechnic perforator (225) provided with a point (229) capable of perforating the seal (243) of the gas bottle (26) in response to the signal. 7. Safety device according to claim 6, characterized in that the foam exhaust tube (270) is located in the space provided by a grid (268) for distributing foam between this grid and the outer wall of the 'accumulator (210). 8. Safety device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the confinement means is constituted by a carrying case. 9. Safety device according to claim 8, characterized in that said transport case comprises electronic control means that can be activated and deactivated by key, controlling at least one device for detecting manipulation prohibited by the confinement means, the electronic control means. activated in response to a prohibited manipulation being able to generate said signal. 10. Security device according to claim 9, characterized in that a detection device comprises a multi-layer protective screen (278) comprising alternating layers of thin plastic and thin metal, the screen lining the interior walls of the case , the metal layers being able to establish an electrical contact with each other if prohibited handling tears the screen or eliminates part of a layer of insulating plastic. 11. Safety device according to claim 10, characterized in that the metal is aluminum and the plastic of polypropylene. 12. Safety device according to claim 11, characterized in that the aluminum is about 15 _l µm thick and the polypropylene about 25 _l µm thick. 13. Safety device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the multi-layer protective screen (278) comprises four layers of metal and five layers of plastic, the layers being bonded together. 14. Safety device according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that a detection device comprises a retractable handle (281) with electrical contact actuated by the release of said handle. 15. Safety device according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that a detection device comprises a timer which fixes a determined time, this time once determined cannot be modified or canceled without prior deactivation of the electronic control means, exceeding this time without deactivation constituting prohibited manipulation. 16. Safety device according to any one of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that a detection device comprises a limit switch (288), the opening of the cover of the case constituting a prohibited manipulation. 17. Security device according to any one of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that a detection device comprises means for locking with a key (280), the opening of these closing means constituting prohibited manipulation. 18. Safety device according to one of claims 9 to 17, characterized in that said case further comprises four magnetizable studs (291) on the rear outer flank of the receptacle of said case, these studs being able to be arranged on magnets (71) of a shelf (70) contained in a bottom transport van for securing said case to the shelf by a magnetic attraction force. 19. Safety device according to claim 18, characterized in that the magnets (71) are permanent magnets whose attraction force can be canceled by supplying solenoids (73) associated. 20. Safety device according to claim 19, characterized in that the attraction force of the magnets (71) can be doubled by the action of the solenoids (73) by reversing the direction of the current flowing through them. 21. Safety device according to claim 19, characterized in that the activation of the electronic control means of the case is controlled by the cancellation of the attraction force of the magnets (71). 22. Safety device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the confinement means is constituted by a conveying bag containing said foam generator. 23. Safety device according to claim 22, characterized in that said foam generator fixed inside the conveyor bag comprises an electronic box (299) connected by electrical connections leaving the bag to two plug-in plugs (322, 323 ) with quick release and then to an electrical box (297) fixed to a belt (298) fixed around the waist of the conveyor, the electric box comprises a key activating the electronic control means of the electronic box (299) able to generate a signal electrical release in the event of prohibited manipulation consisting in opening an electrical circuit by tearing the bag, tearing off the case or opening the belt. 24. Safety device according to any one of claims 8 to 23, characterized in that the confinement means constituted by a carrying case or a conveying bag is placed in a bottom transport van inside which is a control unit (331) electrically connected to the carrying case or conveyor bag, this control unit (331) itself connected to a multi-layer protective screen which covers the walls of the van and constitutes a device for triggering flooding for any screen tears. 25. Safety device according to any one of claims 8 to 24, characterized in that the confinement means constituted by a briefcase or a conveyor bag is disposed in a bottom transport van inside which is a control unit (331) electrically connected to the carrying case or bag, this control unit (331) also being connected to a control unit (74, 332) capable of triggering the flood by the will of the driver of the van. 26. Security device according to claim 7, characterized in that the confinement means is a portable security unit containing the foam generator whose pyrotechnic perforator is electrically connected to an electronic unit (299) itself electrically connected by a plug-in plug (323) to a control unit (327) comprising said electronic control means and located outside of said security unit. 27. Security device according to claim 26, characterized in that the electronic control means which can be activated and deactivated by key control at least one device for detecting prohibited manipulation of the portable security unit, the electronic control means activated in response prohibited manipulation being able to generate said signal. 28. Safety device according to claim (27), characterized in that the detection device (s) are the same as those of the carrying case of claims 10 to 17. 29. Safety device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the marker liquid comprises a surfactant and at least one dye. 30. Safety device according to claim 29, characterized in that the marker liquid is a mixture _` ⁼ aqueous and the surfactant is an alkaline lauryl ether sulfate in a volume proportion of approximately 3% of the liquid, and the dye is chosen from Rhodamine base, tartrazine, "Patent Blue V", "Brillant Blue FCF" or a mixture of these, in a volume proportion of 0.125% to 0.3% approximately of the liquid. 31. Safety device according to claim 30, characterized in that the marker liquid contains an antifreeze. 32. Security device according to claim 31, characterized in that the antifreeze is chosen from ethylene glycol and propylene glycol. 33. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the confinement means comprises at least one valve (60) said to be spraying capable of putting said confinement means into communication with the outside when the liquid pressure within this average exceeds a determined threshold. 3 #. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the confinement means comprises at least one valve (60) called a spray valve capable of putting said confinement means into communication with the outside when the liquid pressure within this means exceeds a determined threshold.

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