EP0238959B1 - Self-supporting propellant body and compact charge produced therefrom - Google Patents
Self-supporting propellant body and compact charge produced therefrom Download PDFInfo
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- EP0238959B1 EP0238959B1 EP87103739A EP87103739A EP0238959B1 EP 0238959 B1 EP0238959 B1 EP 0238959B1 EP 87103739 A EP87103739 A EP 87103739A EP 87103739 A EP87103739 A EP 87103739A EP 0238959 B1 EP0238959 B1 EP 0238959B1
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- Prior art keywords
- bodies
- charge
- nitrocellulose
- compact
- ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
- F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/18—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component
- C06B45/20—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an organic explosive or an organic thermic component
- C06B45/22—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an organic explosive or an organic thermic component the coating containing an organic compound
Definitions
- the present invention relates to pressed propellant charge bodies made of nitrocellulose and charges produced therefrom.
- Pressed propellant charges are e.g. known from DE-OS 17 96 118. These propellant charge bodies are used for devices for commercial use and are in the form of tablets. They are relatively small and break very easily. In order to remedy this disadvantage, this property right proposes to coat these tablets with a protective resin film. However, such tablets are not suitable as propellant charges for projectiles.
- nitrocellulose grains with resins, for example acrylic resins, and to produce propellant charges from these coated nitrocellulose grains which burn regardless of the temperature.
- the resin coating over the Grains are preferably 10 to 20% by weight of the nitrocellulose; it causes the nitrocellulose to burn off with a time delay.
- Such grains are therefore preferably used in a mixture with nitrocellulose grains not coated with resins in the so-called duplex charges (cf. US Pat. No. 4,106,960).
- these nitrocellulose grains are used in cartridges or sleeves, into which they are poured and, if necessary, only pressed in under a low compression pressure. Such nitrocellulose grains have not previously been used to produce self-supporting compacts.
- the propellant charges according to the invention contain, as the predominant constituent, single- or multi-base propellant charge powder in the form of powder bodies. These powder bodies are preferably in the form of multi-hole powder bodies.
- Nitrocellulose is the main component in both the single and multi-base powders.
- the polybasic powders contain either a nitrocellulose / nitroglycol and / or a nitrocellulose / nitroglycerin mixture or have nitroguanidine and diethylene glycol dinitrate as additional combustible, gas-supplying components.
- the powders can additionally contain small amounts of known stabilizers, combustion moderators or lubricants each in amounts up to a maximum of 2% by weight.
- the acrylic resin coatings are applied to the powder bodies in a manner known per se by spray drying.
- the resin is preferably sprayed on from an aqueous solution and the bodies are then dried with agitation. This process may be repeated until the amount of resin applied is so large that it is between 0.5 to 6% by weight of the weight of the powder body.
- the powder bodies thus encased are pressed to give the shaped bodies mentioned in claim 1.
- the pressing is carried out in a manner known per se at a pressing pressure between 500 and 1,500 kg / cm 2 (49,000 to 150,000 Pa) without the addition of a binder or adhesive at a pressing temperature of 20 to 60 ° C.
- the degree of compaction achieved can be up to 1.5 times the normal bulk density of the powder.
- the moldings have a cylindrical shape. Their height generally corresponds to their diameter; however, it can also be up to 100%, preferably up to 50% larger than the diameter. It is also possible that their height is less than the diameter; however, it should not be less than 70% of the diameter.
- the moldings are further characterized in that they contain an axial, central bore, the diameter of which is generally constant over its length.
- the diameter preferably corresponds to that of an ignition element and an ignition amplifier, with the aid of which the bodies are ignited in a charge according to the present invention.
- the diameter of the bore is approximately 15 to 30% of the diameter of the cylindrical shaped bodies.
- the bore within a compact can also have different diameters; this is particularly necessary in the case of bodies in which a projectile is fastened in the compact load according to the invention.
- the bore then corresponds to the shape of the part of the projectile that is to be encased; In these cases, the pressing is expediently carried out with the projectile inserted into the mold.
- the propellant charge bodies are pressed without the addition of binders or adhesives, they have sufficient mechanical strength for further processing into the compact charges according to claim 1. On the other hand, they disintegrate very easily under the action of gas and pressure, so that regular combustion after ignition is ensured. The burning behavior can be influenced by the degree of compression.
- the propellant charge bodies serve as building blocks for compact charges that are used as propellant charge sets for projectiles. With the help of these modules, it is therefore possible to directly produce efficient ammunition, for example for machine guns, with a high degree of automation.
- the compact charges according to the invention contain at least three of the propellant charge bodies lying one behind the other in such a way that their central bores form a continuous channel, at the beginning of which an ignition unit, possibly with an ignition amplifier, is arranged and which terminates with the tail end.
- the propellant charge bodies are located within a sleeve made of combustible paper, the inside diameter of which corresponds to the outside diameter of the propellant charge cylinders.
- combustible sleeves are known per se. Their manufacture is e.g. in GB-PS 909 391.
- the propellant charge bodies which contain the projectile and the ignition unit (s), have different densities. Their density is also greater than the density of the shaped bodies arranged between them.
- the molded body that carries the projectile has the highest density.
- Figure 1 shows a section through a molded body.
- FIG. 2 shows a section through a further shaped body, in the central bore of which a short-track projectile with a tip, not shown, is arranged.
- Figures 3 and 4 represent sections through a compact load according to claim 1.
- FIGS. 5 to 7 show curves about the burning behavior of green grain powder (FIG. 5), powder coated with acrylic resin (FIG. 6) and of propellant charge bodies in accordance with the present invention.
- 1 denotes the pressed propellant charge and 2 the central bore within the pressed body.
- a three-base powder containing 75% nitrocellulose was used to manufacture the bodies.
- the powder also contained 1.0% by weight of diphenylurea, 0.9% by weight of potassium sulfate and 0.1% by weight of graphite. It was compressed under a pressure of 50,000 Pa. The compression was 1.4 times the bulk density.
- Figure 2 shows a pressed projectile 3 in a propellant body.
- the bore 2 can also be partially or completely filled with compressed propellant powder in order to give the projectile a firmer fit.
- FIG. 3 three propellant charge bodies are connected to form a compact charge according to the invention, which is enclosed by a sleeve 6 containing nitrocellulose and in whose outer propellant charge an igniter 4 and an ignition amplifier 5 are arranged within the bore 2.
- a sleeve 6 containing nitrocellulose
- an igniter 4 and an ignition amplifier 5 are arranged within the bore 2.
- the propellant in the middle propellant body has a compression of 1.3.
- the compression of the propellant charge in which the projectile is arranged is 1.45 and that of the propellant charge in which the igniter elements are arranged is 1.4.
- FIG. 4 shows a further possible embodiment, in which the ignition booster 5 in the form of several ring tablets is located within a sleeve 7 containing nitrocellulose. This sleeve is arranged within the central bore 2 of the middle propellant body on the wall of the same.
- Figures 5 to 7 show the results of burning tests in the ballistic bomb.
- the curves show the dynamic liveliness in at a loading density of 300 kg / m3 and a test temperature of 20 ° C. The results of 5 shots are given in the curves.
- Figure 5 is for comparison; it shows the burn-off of untreated propellant powder (green grain powder) as a curve.
- FIG. 6 shows the burn-off of the same powder after treatment with 1.5% by weight of acrylic resin.
- FIG. 7 shows the combustion behavior of a propellant charge body made of propellant charges according to FIG. 6.
- FIG. 6 shows the effect of the acrylate treatment: the rise in the curve is flattened and the pressure maximum is reduced to lower values than in FIG. 5, without delaying the progressiveness of the burnup.
- the burn-on is delayed even further in the desired manner and the pressure maximum is further reduced without reducing the progressiveness of the burn-up.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Description
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung sind gepreßte Treibladungskörper aus Nitrocellulose und daraus hergestellte Ladungen.The present invention relates to pressed propellant charge bodies made of nitrocellulose and charges produced therefrom.
Gepreßte Treibladungen sind z.B. aus der DE-OS 17 96 118 bekannt. Diese Treibladungskörper werden für Geräte zur gewerblichen Nutzung eingesetzt und liegen in Form von Tabletten vor. Sie sind relativ klein und zerbrechen sehr leicht. Um diesem Nachteil abzuhelfen, wird in diesem Schutzrecht vorgeschlagen, diese Tabletten mit einem Harzschutzfilm zu umhüllen. Solche Tabletten eignen sich jedoch nicht als Treibladungen für Geschosse.Pressed propellant charges are e.g. known from DE-OS 17 96 118. These propellant charge bodies are used for devices for commercial use and are in the form of tablets. They are relatively small and break very easily. In order to remedy this disadvantage, this property right proposes to coat these tablets with a protective resin film. However, such tablets are not suitable as propellant charges for projectiles.
Es ist weiterhin bekannt, Nitrocellulosekörner mit Harzen, z.B. Acrylharzen, zu umhüllen und aus diesen umhüllten Nitrocellulosekörnern Treibladungen herzustellen, die temperaturunabhängig abbrennen. Der Harzüberzug über den Körnern beträgt dabei vorzugsweise 10 bis 20 Gew.-% der Nitrocellulose; er bewirkt ein zeitlich verzögertes Abbrennen der Nitrocellulose. Solche Körner werden deshalb bevorzugt im Gemisch mit nicht mit Harzen beschichteten Nitrocellulosekörnern in den sogenannten Duplex-Ladungen eingesetzt (vgl. US-PS 4 106 960). Im allgemeinen werden diese Nitrocellulosekörner in Kartuschen oder Hülsen eingesetzt, in die sie eingeschüttet und ggf. nur unter einem geringen Preßdruck eingepreßt werden. Zur Herstellung freitragender Preßkörper wurden solche Nitrocellulosekörner bisher nicht verwendet.It is also known to coat nitrocellulose grains with resins, for example acrylic resins, and to produce propellant charges from these coated nitrocellulose grains which burn regardless of the temperature. The resin coating over the Grains are preferably 10 to 20% by weight of the nitrocellulose; it causes the nitrocellulose to burn off with a time delay. Such grains are therefore preferably used in a mixture with nitrocellulose grains not coated with resins in the so-called duplex charges (cf. US Pat. No. 4,106,960). In general, these nitrocellulose grains are used in cartridges or sleeves, into which they are poured and, if necessary, only pressed in under a low compression pressure. Such nitrocellulose grains have not previously been used to produce self-supporting compacts.
In der US-PS 3 679 781 werden Nitrocellulosepulverkörner beschrieben, die mit Kunstharz beschichtet und unter Einwirkung von Druck und Temperatur verpreßt werden. Zur Herstellung von Kompaktladungen wurden solche Treibladungskörper bisher nicht verwendet.In US Pat. No. 3,679,781 nitrocellulose powder grains are described which are coated with synthetic resin and pressed under the action of pressure and temperature. Such propellant charge bodies have not previously been used for the production of compact charges.
Es bestand deshalb die Aufgabe, Kompaktladungen aus Treibladungskörpern, die überwiegend auf ein- oder mehrbasigen Treibladungspulvern aufgebaut sind, die freitragend sind, ohne Harzumhüllung eine ausreichende mechanische Festigkeit aufweisen und kein zusätzliches Binde- oder Klebemittel enthalten, die die Abbrandeigenschaften ungünstig beeinflussen könnten, herzustellen.It was therefore the task of producing compact charges from propellant bodies which are predominantly based on single- or polybasic propellant powders, which are self-supporting, have sufficient mechanical strength without a resin coating and do not contain any additional binders or adhesives which could adversely affect the combustion properties.
In Erfüllung dieser Aufgabe wurden nun selbsttragende, gepreßte Treibladungskörper aus Nitrocellosepulverkörnern sowie daraus hergestellte Treibladungen gefunden, die durch die in den Ansprüchen genannten Ausbildungen gekennzeichnet sind.In fulfilling this task, self-supporting, pressed propellant charge bodies made of nitrocellulose powder grains and propellant charges produced therefrom have now been found, which are characterized by the training mentioned in the claims.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Treibladungen enthalten als überwiegenden Bestandteil ein- oder mehrbasige Treibladungspulver in Form von Pulverkörpern. Diese Pulverkörper liegen vorzugsweise als Mehrlochpulverkörper vor.The propellant charges according to the invention contain, as the predominant constituent, single- or multi-base propellant charge powder in the form of powder bodies. These powder bodies are preferably in the form of multi-hole powder bodies.
Sowohl in den ein- als auch in den mehrbasigen Pulvern ist Nitrocellulose der Hauptbestandteil. Die mehrbasigen Pulver enthalten entweder ein Nitrocellulose/Nitroglykol- und/oder ein Nitrocellulose/Nitroglycerin-Gemisch oder haben als zusätzliche verbrennbare, gasliefernde Bestandteile Nitroguanidin und Diethylenglykoldinitrat. Weiterhin können die Pulver zusätzlich noch geringe Mengen an sich bekannter Stabilisatoren, Abbrandmoderatoren oder Gleitmittel jeweils in Mengen bis zu maximal 2 Gew.-% enthalten.Nitrocellulose is the main component in both the single and multi-base powders. The polybasic powders contain either a nitrocellulose / nitroglycol and / or a nitrocellulose / nitroglycerin mixture or have nitroguanidine and diethylene glycol dinitrate as additional combustible, gas-supplying components. Furthermore, the powders can additionally contain small amounts of known stabilizers, combustion moderators or lubricants each in amounts up to a maximum of 2% by weight.
Das Aufbringen der Acrylatharzüberzüge auf die Pulverkörper erfolgt auf an sich bekannte Weise durch Sprühtrocknung. Das Harz wird dabei vorzugsweise aus waßriger Lösung aufgesprüht und die Körper anschließend unter Bewegung getrocknet. Dieser Vorgang wird evtl. so lange wiederholt, bis die aufgebrachte Harzmenge so groß ist, daß sie zwischen 0,5 bis 6 Gew.-% des Gewichts des Pulverkörpers aufweist.The acrylic resin coatings are applied to the powder bodies in a manner known per se by spray drying. The resin is preferably sprayed on from an aqueous solution and the bodies are then dried with agitation. This process may be repeated until the amount of resin applied is so large that it is between 0.5 to 6% by weight of the weight of the powder body.
Anschließend werden die so umhüllten Pulverkörper zu den im Anspruch 1 genannten Formkörpern verpreßt. Das Verpressen erfolgt in an sich bekannter Weise bei einem Preßdruck zwischen 500 und 1 500 kg/cm² (49 000 bis 150 000 Pa) ohne Zusatz eines Binde- oder Klebemittels bei einer Preßtemperatur von 20 bis 60 °C. Der dabei erzielte Grad der Verdichtung kann bis zu dem 1,5fachen der normalen Schüttdichte des Pulvers betragen.The powder bodies thus encased are pressed to give the shaped bodies mentioned in
Die Formkörper haben zylindrische Form. Ihre Höhe entspricht im allgemeinen etwa ihrem Durchmesser; sie kann jedoch auch um bis zu 100 %, vorzugsweise bis zu 50 % größer sein als der Durchmesser. Es ist auch möglich, daß ihre Höhe kleiner als der Durchmesser ist; sie sollte aber nicht 70 % des Durchmessers unterschreiten.The moldings have a cylindrical shape. Their height generally corresponds to their diameter; however, it can also be up to 100%, preferably up to 50% larger than the diameter. It is also possible that their height is less than the diameter; however, it should not be less than 70% of the diameter.
Die Formkörper sind weiterhin dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine axiale, zentrale Bohrung enthalten, deren Durchmesser über ihre Länge hinweg im allgemeinen konstant ist. Vorzugsweise entspricht der Durchmesser demjenigen eines Anzündelements und eines Anzündverstärkers, mit deren Hilfe die Körper in einer Ladung gemäß vorliegender Erfindung gezündet werden. Im allgemeinen beträgt der Durchmesser der Bohrung etwa 15 bis 30 % des Durchmessers der zylindrischen Formkörper.The moldings are further characterized in that they contain an axial, central bore, the diameter of which is generally constant over its length. The diameter preferably corresponds to that of an ignition element and an ignition amplifier, with the aid of which the bodies are ignited in a charge according to the present invention. In general, the diameter of the bore is approximately 15 to 30% of the diameter of the cylindrical shaped bodies.
Die Bohrung innerhalb eines Preßkörpers kann auch unterschiedliche Durchmesser besitzen; dies ist besonders bei solchen Körpern notwendig, in die bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kompaktladung ein Geschoß befestigt wird. Die Bohrung entspricht dann der Form des Teils des Geschosses, der umhüllt werden soll; zweckmäßigerweise wird in diesen Fällen das Pressen mit in die Preßform eingefügtem Geschoß durchgeführt.The bore within a compact can also have different diameters; this is particularly necessary in the case of bodies in which a projectile is fastened in the compact load according to the invention. The bore then corresponds to the shape of the part of the projectile that is to be encased; In these cases, the pressing is expediently carried out with the projectile inserted into the mold.
Obwohl die Treibladungsformkörper ohne Zusatz von Binde- oder Klebemitteln verpreßt sind, besitzen sie ausreichende mechanische Festigkeit für eine Weiterverarbeitung zu den Kompaktladungen gemäß Anspruch 1. Andererseits zerfallen sie unter Gaseinwirkung und Druck sehr leicht, so daß ein regelmäßiger Abbrand nach Zündung gewährleistet ist. Das Abbrandverhalten ist durch den Grad der Verdichtung beeinflußbar.Although the propellant charge bodies are pressed without the addition of binders or adhesives, they have sufficient mechanical strength for further processing into the compact charges according to
Die Treibladungsformkörper dienen als Bausteine für Kompaktladungen, die als Treibladungssätze für Geschosse eingesetzt werden. Mit Hilfe dieser Bausteine ist es demzufolge möglich, rationell Munition, z.B. für Maschinenkanonen, mit einem hohen Automatisierungsgrad direkt herzustellen.The propellant charge bodies serve as building blocks for compact charges that are used as propellant charge sets for projectiles. With the help of these modules, it is therefore possible to directly produce efficient ammunition, for example for machine guns, with a high degree of automation.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Kompaktladungen enthalten mindestens drei der Treibladungsformkörper gemäß Anspruch 1 in der Weise hintereinander liegend, daß ihre zentralen Bohrungen einen durchgehenden Kanal bilden, an dessen Anfang eine Anzündeinheit, ggf. mit einem Anzündverstärker angeordnet ist und der mit dem Geschoßheck abschließt.The compact charges according to the invention contain at least three of the propellant charge bodies lying one behind the other in such a way that their central bores form a continuous channel, at the beginning of which an ignition unit, possibly with an ignition amplifier, is arranged and which terminates with the tail end.
Die Treibladungsformkörper befinden sich innerhalb einer Hülse aus verbrennbarem Papier, deren Innendurchmesser dem Außendurchmesser der Treibladungszylinder entspricht Solche verbrennbaren Hülsen sind an sich bekannt. Ihre Herstellung wird z.B. in der GB-PS 909 391 beschrieben.The propellant charge bodies are located within a sleeve made of combustible paper, the inside diameter of which corresponds to the outside diameter of the propellant charge cylinders. Such combustible sleeves are known per se. Their manufacture is e.g. in GB-PS 909 391.
Die Treibladungsformkörper, die das Geschoß und die Anzündeinheit(en) enthalten, weisen unterschiedliche Dichten auf. Auch ist ihre Dichte größer als die Dichte der zwischen ihnen angeordneten Formkörper. Die höchste Dichte weist der Formkörper auf, der das Geschoß trägt.The propellant charge bodies, which contain the projectile and the ignition unit (s), have different densities. Their density is also greater than the density of the shaped bodies arranged between them. The molded body that carries the projectile has the highest density.
Es ist weiterhin möglich, innerhalb der Bohrung der in der Mitte angeordneten Formkörper Ladungen anzubringen, die eine gleichmäßige Anzündung bewirken. Zusammensetzungen für solche Ladungen sind an sich bekannt. Diese Ladungen können auch als Bausteine vorgefertigt werden, indem man sie innerhalb einer verbrennbaren Nitrocellulose enthaltenden Hülse anordnet. Dort können sie auch in Form von Ringtabletten vorliegen. Diese Ladungen füllen maximal 80 % des freien Volumens der Bohrungen aus.It is also possible to apply charges within the bore of the shaped bodies arranged in the middle, which cause uniform ignition. Compositions for such charges are known per se. These charges can also be prefabricated as building blocks by placing them within a flammable sleeve containing nitrocellulose. There they can also be in the form of ring tablets. These charges fill a maximum of 80% of the free volume of the holes.
Anhand der Figuren 1 bis 7 wird die Erfindung beispielshaft erläutert.The invention is explained by way of example with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.
Figur 1 stellt einen Schnitt durch einen Formkörper dar.Figure 1 shows a section through a molded body.
Figur 2 stellt einen Schnitt durch einen weiteren Formkörper dar, in dessen zentraler Bohrung ein Kurzbahngeschoß mit nicht gezeigter Spitze angeordnet ist.FIG. 2 shows a section through a further shaped body, in the central bore of which a short-track projectile with a tip, not shown, is arranged.
Figuren 3 und 4 stellen Schnitte durch eine Kompaktladung gemäß Anspruch 1 dar.Figures 3 and 4 represent sections through a compact load according to
Die Figuren 5 bis 7 zeigen Kurven über das Abbrandverhalten von Grünkornpulver (Figur 5), mit Acrylharz beschichtetem Pulver (Figur 6) und von Treibladungskörpern entsprechend der vorliegenden Erfindung.FIGS. 5 to 7 show curves about the burning behavior of green grain powder (FIG. 5), powder coated with acrylic resin (FIG. 6) and of propellant charge bodies in accordance with the present invention.
In allen Figuren wird mit 1 der gepreßte Treibsatz und mit 2 die zentrale Bohrung innerhalb des gepreßten Körpers bezeichnet. Zur Herstellung der Körper wurde ein dreibasiges Pulver mit einem Anteil von 75 % an Nitrocellulose eingesetzt. Außerdem enthielt das Pulver noch 1,0 Gew.-% an Diphenylharnstoff, 0,9 Gew.-% Kaliumsulfat und 0,1 Gew.-% Graphit. Es wurde unter einem Preßdruck von 50 000 Pa verdichtet. Die Verdichtung betrug das 1,4fache der Schüttdichte.In all figures, 1 denotes the pressed propellant charge and 2 the central bore within the pressed body. A three-base powder containing 75% nitrocellulose was used to manufacture the bodies. The powder also contained 1.0% by weight of diphenylurea, 0.9% by weight of potassium sulfate and 0.1% by weight of graphite. It was compressed under a pressure of 50,000 Pa. The compression was 1.4 times the bulk density.
Figur 2 zeigt ein eingepreßtes Geschoß 3 in einem Treibladungspreßkörper. Bei dieser Durchführungsform Kann die Bohrung 2 auch teilweise oder vollständig mit gepreßtem Treibladungspulver gefüllt sein, um dem Geschoß einen festeren Sitz zu verleihen.Figure 2 shows a pressed
In Figur 3 sind drei Treibsatzkörper zu einer erfindungsgemäßen Kompaktladung verbunden, die von einer nitrocellulosehaltigen Hülse 6 umschlossen wird und in deren einem äußeren Treibsatzkörper ein Anzünder 4 und ein Anzündverstärker 5 innerhalb der Bohrung 2 angeordnet sind. Anstelle des einen mittleren Treibsatzkörpers können auch mehrere dieser Körper hintereinander angeordnet sein. Der Treibsatz in dem mittleren Treibsatzkörper weist eine Verdichtung von 1,3 auf. Die Verdichtung des Treibsatzes, in dem das Geschoß angeordnet ist, beträgt 1,45 und diejenige des Treibsatzes, in dem die Anzündelemente angeordnet sind, liegt bei 1,4.In FIG. 3, three propellant charge bodies are connected to form a compact charge according to the invention, which is enclosed by a
Figur 4 zeigt eine weitere mögliche Durchführungsform, bei der die Anzündverstärkung 5 in Form von mehreren Ringtabletten sich innerhalb einer nitrocellulosehaltigen Hülse 7 befindet. Diese Hülse ist innerhalb der zentralen Bohrung 2 des mittleren Treibsatzkörpers an deren Wandung eng anliegend angeordnet.FIG. 4 shows a further possible embodiment, in which the
Die Figuren 5 bis 7 geben die Ergebnisse von Abbrandversuchen in der ballistischen Bombe an. Die Kurven zeigen die dynamische Lebhaftigkeit in
bei einer Ladedichte von 300 kg/m³ und einer Versuchstemperatur von 20 °C. In den Kurven sind jeweils die Ergebnisse von 5 Schüssen angegeben.Figures 5 to 7 show the results of burning tests in the ballistic bomb. The curves show the dynamic liveliness in
at a loading density of 300 kg / m³ and a test temperature of 20 ° C. The results of 5 shots are given in the curves.
Figur 5 dient zum Vergleich; in ihr ist der Abbrand von unbehandeltem Treibladungspulver (Grünkornpulver) als Kurve angegeben.Figure 5 is for comparison; it shows the burn-off of untreated propellant powder (green grain powder) as a curve.
Figur 6 zeigt den Abbrand eines gleichen Pulvers nach Behandlung mit 1,5 Gew.-% Acrylatharz.FIG. 6 shows the burn-off of the same powder after treatment with 1.5% by weight of acrylic resin.
In Figur 7 ist das Abbrandverhalten eines erfindungsgemäßen Treibladungskörpers aus Treibladungskörnern entsprechend Figur 6 wiedergegeben.FIG. 7 shows the combustion behavior of a propellant charge body made of propellant charges according to FIG. 6.
Figur 6 Zeigt die Wirkung der Acrylatbehandlung: Der Anstieg der Kurve ist verflacht und das Druckmaximum auf niedrigere Werte als bei Figur 5 herabgesetzt, ohne die Progressivität des Abbrandes zu verzögern. Bei den erfindungsgemäßen Treibladungskörpern gemaß Figur 7 ist der Anbrand noch weiter in gewünschter Weise verzögert und das Druckmaximum noch weiter erniedrigt, ohne die Progressivität des Abbrandes zu verringern.FIG. 6 shows the effect of the acrylate treatment: the rise in the curve is flattened and the pressure maximum is reduced to lower values than in FIG. 5, without delaying the progressiveness of the burnup. In the case of the propellant charge bodies according to FIG. 7, the burn-on is delayed even further in the desired manner and the pressure maximum is further reduced without reducing the progressiveness of the burn-up.
Diese Ergebnisse lassen erkennen, daß durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen Treibladungskörper erhalten werden, bei deren Abbrand verbesserte innenballistische Werte erhalten werden. Beim scharfen Schuß wurden diese Ergebnisse bestätigt: Mit erfindungsgemäßen Treibladungskörpern wurde bei einem Maximaldruck von 3 250 bar eine Anfangsgeschwindigkeit Vo von 1 100 m/s erreicht, während bei einer Hülsenmunition mit geschütteter Treibladung entsprechend dem Stand der Technik für eine Anfangsgeschwindigkeit Vo von 1 100 m/s ein Maximaldruck von 3 600 bar benötigt wurde.These results show that propellant charge bodies are obtained by the measures according to the invention, the combustion of which results in improved internal ballistic values. These results were confirmed in the case of a sharp shot: with propellant charge bodies according to the invention, an initial speed V o of 1,100 m / s was achieved at a maximum pressure of 3,250 bar, while in the case of shell ammunition with poured propellant charge according to the prior art, for an initial speed V o of 1 100 m / s a maximum pressure of 3,600 bar was required.
Claims (5)
- Compact charges formed of pressed propellent charge bodies which consist of nitrocellulose powder grains covered with a resin layer, characterised in thata) nitrocellulose powder grains are coated with an acrylate resin layer which constitutes 0.5 to 6% by weight of the grains,b) the compressing of these nitrocellulose grains to propellent charge bodies takes place with a pressing force between 500 and 1500 kg/cm² (49,000 Nm² to 150,000 N/m²) and without concurrent use of an additional adhesive,c) the body obtained is formed as a cylinder with axial passage therethrough whose height amounts between 70 and 200% of its diameter and whose axial passage has a diameter of 15 to 30% of its diameter, and
thatd) at least three such propellant charge bodies are arranged behind one another in a combustible nitrocellulose-containing paper casing closely adjacent thereto withe) one of the outer bodies carries a projectile and has a high density,f) the other outer body contains one or several ignition units and possesses a density which is less than the density of the body carrying the projectile, andg) between bodies e) and f) there are arranged one or several propellent charge bodies whose density is less than the densities of the bodies indicated under e) and f). - Compact charge according to claim 1, characterised in that one of the outer bodies encloses a projectile.
- Compact charge according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the central passages of the propellent charge bodies form a through channel at whose beginning an ignition unit, optionally with an ignition intensifier, is arranged and which is sealed off by means of the rear of the projectile.
- Compact charge according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the intermediate body (s) contains within it (their) central passage (2) a charge intensifying the ignition charge, which occupies up to 80% of the volume of the passage (2).
- Compact charge according to claim 4, characterised in that the charge intensifying the ignition is contained, optionally in the form of annular tablets, within a combustible casing formed of nitrocellulose-containing paper.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3610424 | 1986-03-27 | ||
| DE3610424A DE3610424C1 (en) | 1986-03-27 | 1986-03-27 | Self-supporting propellant body and compact charge made from it |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0238959A2 EP0238959A2 (en) | 1987-09-30 |
| EP0238959A3 EP0238959A3 (en) | 1991-11-06 |
| EP0238959B1 true EP0238959B1 (en) | 1993-11-10 |
Family
ID=6297432
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87103739A Expired - Lifetime EP0238959B1 (en) | 1986-03-27 | 1987-03-14 | Self-supporting propellant body and compact charge produced therefrom |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4724017A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0238959B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3610424C1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2596145B1 (en) * | 1986-03-21 | 1990-03-09 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FUEL OBJECTS BY STAMPING FUEL PAPER DISCS USING A FLEXIBLE PUNCH |
| US5237928A (en) * | 1988-07-28 | 1993-08-24 | Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft | Combustible cartridge case |
| US5198616A (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1993-03-30 | Bei Electronics, Inc. | Frangible armor piercing incendiary projectile |
| US5524544A (en) * | 1994-07-21 | 1996-06-11 | Olin Corporation | Nitrocellulose propellant containing a cellulosic burn rate modifier |
| WO1996017220A1 (en) * | 1994-12-01 | 1996-06-06 | Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft | Cartridge |
| DE4445990C2 (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1997-08-21 | Rheinmetall Ind Ag | Cartridge with a cartridge case and an arrow projectile |
| US5726378A (en) * | 1996-04-01 | 1998-03-10 | Hodgdon Powder Company, Inc. | Unitary propellant charge for muzzle loading firearms |
| US6692655B1 (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2004-02-17 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Method of making multi-base propellants from pelletized nitrocellulose |
| US6607618B1 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2003-08-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Propellant compositions |
| US6688232B2 (en) | 2001-12-31 | 2004-02-10 | Legend Products Corporation | Compressed powder charge for muzzleloader and black powder firearms |
| US7344610B2 (en) | 2003-01-28 | 2008-03-18 | Hodgdon Powder Company, Inc. | Sulfur-free propellant compositions |
| US11988491B1 (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2024-05-21 | Revolutionary Rounds L.L.C. | Projectile and caseless cartridge |
| CN114456017B (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-07-14 | 中北大学 | Center open-pore type sequential splitting propellant powder and forming die thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2340291A1 (en) * | 1976-02-03 | 1977-09-02 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | PROPULSIVE CHARGE WITH TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT599574A (en) * | 1957-11-18 | |||
| US3336871A (en) * | 1965-09-21 | 1967-08-22 | Joseph B Quinlan | Traveling ignition charge |
| US3679781A (en) * | 1969-10-17 | 1972-07-25 | Remington Arms Co Inc | Molding plastic coated nitrocellulose |
| DE2428632C3 (en) * | 1974-06-14 | 1982-05-13 | Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Vertreten Durch Den Bundesminister Der Verteidigung, 5300 Bonn | Process for the production of flammable ammunition molded parts and device for carrying out the process |
| GB1506495A (en) * | 1975-04-09 | 1978-04-05 | Ici Ltd | Combustion inhibitors |
| DE2656310A1 (en) * | 1976-12-11 | 1978-06-15 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Elongated explosive charges - with separate sticks bonded in thin-walled metal case by self-hardening compound |
| FR2374278A1 (en) * | 1976-12-20 | 1978-07-13 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | UNIT LOADING OF AGGLOMERATED POWDER |
| JPS5747789A (en) * | 1980-09-01 | 1982-03-18 | Nippon Oils & Fats Co Ltd | Sheet-like gunpowder, manufacture and use |
-
1986
- 1986-03-27 DE DE3610424A patent/DE3610424C1/en not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-03-14 DE DE87103739T patent/DE3788078D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-03-14 EP EP87103739A patent/EP0238959B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-27 US US07/030,686 patent/US4724017A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2340291A1 (en) * | 1976-02-03 | 1977-09-02 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | PROPULSIVE CHARGE WITH TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0238959A2 (en) | 1987-09-30 |
| EP0238959A3 (en) | 1991-11-06 |
| DE3788078D1 (en) | 1993-12-16 |
| DE3610424C1 (en) | 1987-09-10 |
| US4724017A (en) | 1988-02-09 |
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