EP0238451A2 - Verfahren zur Raffinierung von wachshaltenden Ölen zur Nahrungsverwendung - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Raffinierung von wachshaltenden Ölen zur Nahrungsverwendung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0238451A2
EP0238451A2 EP87830077A EP87830077A EP0238451A2 EP 0238451 A2 EP0238451 A2 EP 0238451A2 EP 87830077 A EP87830077 A EP 87830077A EP 87830077 A EP87830077 A EP 87830077A EP 0238451 A2 EP0238451 A2 EP 0238451A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
phase
waxy
caustic soda
decolorizing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87830077A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0238451A3 (en
Inventor
Elio Scaramuzza
Nazzareno Simonetti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Icic SpA
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Icic SpA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0238451A2 publication Critical patent/EP0238451A2/de
Publication of EP0238451A3 publication Critical patent/EP0238451A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is a refining process of raw waxy oils, and particularly raw vegetable oils obtained from some seeds, for example, those of sunflower, corn, grapestone, and also husk oil resulting from the squeezing operation of olives : process which, different from the refining process usually carried out to obtain such types of oils for alimentary use, comprises a sequence of phases suitably performed to eliminate directly both the free acidity and the contents of wax, as well as the contents of impurities, further operative phases being added for decolorizing and deodorizing purposes in order to obtain a final product for alimentary use, which is limpid, bright, without any disagreable smell and taste.
  • raw oil of sunflower for example, a content of about 2% of free fat acids, and 0.2 to 0.3% of waxy substances is found.
  • the impurities may include gummy substances and also metal particles. More diffused may be considered the alkaline refining process, indicated by the reference character A in the block diagram of the accompanying drawing, wherein a sequence of operative phases are provided, namely:
  • phase 1 the fed raw waxy oil is treated by means of water and strong acid, preferably phosphoric acid, at about 80°, in order to cause the precipitation of impurities (gummy substances and meta parts), so that they may be separated later through centrifugation.
  • strong acid preferably phosphoric acid
  • phase 2 the neutralization of the product coming out from phase 1 is provided.
  • the neutralization is carried out by means of caustic soda which reacts with the free fat acids, and a consequent making of soaps to be separated from the oil by centrifugation. A further washing and consecutive drying serve to complete the operation.
  • phase 3 the semi-refined oil obtained through phase 2 is subjected to a treatment of decolorizing and filtering, This treatment is generally carried out with a suitable addition of activated carbon and the like, the scope of which is to absorb the colouring substances present in the oil during much refining phase, for example, chlorophyl, kerotene, The next filtration serves to separate these additives after the absorbing function of same has been carried out.
  • phase 4 which concerns the dewaxing, the aim is taken to crystalize the waxy substances to better obtain the separation of same.
  • the semi-refined oil obtained through phase 3 is to this end made cold during a suitable time (maturing) and then filtered with the aid of an adjuvant material (for example, fossil flour and the like).
  • the last phase 5 takes the aim of eliminating those volatile substances which are responsible for disagreable smells and tastes.
  • the deodorizing treatment is carried out in a deodorizer with pre-heating and following heating at 230° to 250° and high vacuum, generally from 1 to 5 mm Hg.
  • the phase already indicated by the reference numeral 2 is substituted by a group of phases indicated by the reference character B in block diagram B.
  • the aim of carrying out following operations is : to reduce, first of all, to about 10% the residual of soaps (coming out from phase 2a), without eliminating, maybe partially, the waxy substances : to remove the soaps nearly in their total contents and reduce to about 10% the contents of waxy substances (coming out from phase 4a): to eliminate totally the soap contents (coming out from phase 2a).
  • phase 3a concerning the deodorizing and filtering
  • the treatment being like that which was referred to in the cited process A, subjected only successively to a treatment 4b in order to complete the elimination of the waxy substances before the final phase 5, this latter being related to the deodorizing treatment of the product, and also like that already cited for a prior process A.
  • Another process which is here indicated by the reference character C, is considered as a process of physical refining.
  • process 0 By comparing this process 0 with process A as shown in block diagram, it is possibile to note the lack of phase 2 concerning the treatment with caustic soda: it tends, nevertheless, to eliminate the free fat acids by suitably conforming the phase 5 previously cited exclusively for a deodorizing treatment : because of this conformation, such phase was further indicated by the reference numeral 5a.
  • the invention as claimed has the main scope of simplifying the refining process of raw oleoginous oils and is intended to remedy possible inconveniences which could obstruct the obtaining of alimentary oils having the desired good quality. It solves the problem of how to create a refining process actually effective and reliable to eliminate totally the contents of free fat acids, waxy substances and various impurities already before subjecting the so purified product to final conventional treatments of deodorizing and decolorizing.
  • the refining process according to the present invention comprises, first of all, a set of operations by means of which the free fat acids and the waxy substances contained therein, as well as the various impurities are separated from the fed raw waxy oil, before carrying out next conventional treatments for decolorizing and deodorizing purposes.
  • the operation may be resumed as follows :
  • phase B. of the refining process in accordance with the invention is to be parried out with caustic soda, the density of which is preferably about 10% higher than the stoichiometric calculus, by taking into account that the soda density is to be selected on the grounds of the acidity of the oil to be treated, with a concentration increment based on the increment of acidity.
  • a soda concentration of 18° Be may rightly answer to a content of free fat acids of about 1.5%, while a soda concentration of 20, Bé may be in keeping with a content of about 3%.
  • phase C the maturing time is extended to about more than 16 hours to reach those conditions which are suitable for forming crystals of the wax totality and obtaining the agglomeration as indicated above.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
EP87830077A 1986-03-18 1987-03-03 Process to refine raw waxy oils for alimentary use Withdrawn EP0238451A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT47784/86A IT1191260B (it) 1986-03-18 1986-03-18 Procedimento di raffinazione di olii grezzi cerosi a scopo alimentare
IT4778486 1986-03-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0238451A2 true EP0238451A2 (de) 1987-09-23
EP0238451A3 EP0238451A3 (en) 1987-11-19

Family

ID=11262497

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87830077A Withdrawn EP0238451A3 (en) 1986-03-18 1987-03-03 Process to refine raw waxy oils for alimentary use

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0238451A3 (de)
DE (1) DE238451T1 (de)
IT (1) IT1191260B (de)
PT (1) PT84514B (de)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1015561B (de) * 1954-08-12 1957-09-12 Noblee & Thoerl G M B H Verfahren zur Veredlung von Fettsaeureestern
US4035402A (en) * 1975-03-17 1977-07-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Dewaxing process for vegetable oils

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1015561B (de) * 1954-08-12 1957-09-12 Noblee & Thoerl G M B H Verfahren zur Veredlung von Fettsaeureestern
US4035402A (en) * 1975-03-17 1977-07-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Dewaxing process for vegetable oils

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS' SOCIETY, December 1947, pages 397-402, Champaign, Illinois, US; R.H. FASH: "A study of the caustic refining of vegetable oils" *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0238451A3 (en) 1987-11-19
DE238451T1 (de) 1988-04-28
IT1191260B (it) 1988-02-24
PT84514B (pt) 1989-11-10
PT84514A (en) 1987-04-01
IT8647784A0 (it) 1986-03-18

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Inventor name: SIMONETTI, NAZZARENO

Inventor name: SCARAMUZZA, ELIO