EP0237069B1 - Device for supplying air to a boiler combustion chamber normally operating on natural gas during its operation on oil - Google Patents

Device for supplying air to a boiler combustion chamber normally operating on natural gas during its operation on oil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0237069B1
EP0237069B1 EP87103596A EP87103596A EP0237069B1 EP 0237069 B1 EP0237069 B1 EP 0237069B1 EP 87103596 A EP87103596 A EP 87103596A EP 87103596 A EP87103596 A EP 87103596A EP 0237069 B1 EP0237069 B1 EP 0237069B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burners
oil
natural gas
blowers
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87103596A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0237069A1 (en
Inventor
Maurice Kanter
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Stein Industrie SA
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Stein Industrie SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stein Industrie SA filed Critical Stein Industrie SA
Priority to AT87103596T priority Critical patent/ATE50354T1/en
Publication of EP0237069A1 publication Critical patent/EP0237069A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0237069B1 publication Critical patent/EP0237069B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
    • F22G5/02—Applications of combustion-control devices, e.g. tangential-firing burners, tilting burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
    • F23C1/08—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air liquid and gaseous fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L5/00—Blast-producing apparatus before the fire
    • F23L5/02—Arrangements of fans or blowers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for supplying the burners of a boiler hearth operating on natural gas with fans for sending air to the burners for temporary operation with an emergency fuel consisting of fuel oil.
  • Document FR-A 1 188 972 describes a boiler comprising main gas burners, oil or pulverized coal burners and auxiliary gas burners, for isolated or simultaneous heating with oil or coal and / or gas. It compensates for the excess combustion gas during heating with gas alone using a heat exchanger for heating the combustible gas with superheated steam.
  • Document DE-B 1 230 512 relates to a burner with two different gas or oil supplies, with each of which is associated with a supply of oxidizing gas. Each of the power supplies can operate on its own.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a supply device for temporary fuel oil operation which requires neither an oversizing of the main air fans nor the installation of a smoke recycling circuit, and reduces investment and the additional energy consumption corresponding to the possibility of operating in emergency mode.
  • the main fans are preferably chosen to have a maximum flow rate equal to that necessary for operation at maximum load with natural gas, and the maximum flow rate for the auxiliary fan corresponds to the additional air required for operation at maximum load with oil.
  • the discharge of the auxiliary fan is advantageously connected to one and the other of those of the main fans, so as to reduce the drop in heating power in the event of a failure of one of the latter during gas operation. natural.
  • the tilting burners allow the flame temperature zones to be moved upwards compared to those which would normally be established in oil operation with fixed burners, which makes it possible to adjust the temperature of the combustion gases at the level of the superheaters and reheaters. of the boiler.
  • the air discharge ducts of the additional fan are ordinary non-insulated ducts, instead of the insulated ducts which would be required by the recycling of the fumes.
  • the furnace of the boiler 1 is supplied in its corners with fuel and combustion air by series of superimposed burners, shown in arrows 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • the combustion air is discharged by centrifugal fans 6, 7 towards the exchangers - recuperators 8, 9, where it heats up in contact with a material previously heated by the fumes resulting from combustion in the hearth.
  • the heated air then travels through the insulated ducts 10 and 12 on the one hand, 11 and 13 on the other hand, to the series of burners 2 and 3 on the one hand, 4 and 5 on the other hand, where it ensures during normal operation, the combustion of natural gas, arriving via pipes not shown.
  • These burners are tiltable, so as to compensate by tilting upwards part of the decrease in the temperature of the combustion gases at the level of the superheaters and reheaters of the boiler resulting from the substitution of fuel oil for natural gas.
  • the fumes evacuated from the hearth and from the overheating and reheating exchangers are sent back through the conduits 14 and 15 to the exchanger-recuperators 8 and 9, where they give up some of their sensible heat, then pass through the conduits 16 and 17 to the fireplace 18.
  • the auxiliary centrifugal fan 19 is put into operation. This blows in the additional cold air necessary for the combustion of the oil, on the one hand by the conduit 20 in the conduit 12, on the other hand by the conduit 21 in the conduit 13.
  • the main fans 6 and 7 are dimensioned to each supply 50% of the flow corresponding to the nominal operation of the boiler at full power.
  • the auxiliary fan is dimensioned to provide, for example, approximately 20% of the flow rate corresponding to the nominal operation. In the event of a failure of one of the main fans during normal natural gas operation, it is thus possible to ensure operation at 70% of the maximum power. In an installation designed to provide emergency operation by recycling smoke, it would have been necessary to oversize each of the main fans, which corresponded to allowing each of them to ensure approximately 60% of the flow corresponding to nominal operation, and the power reached in the event of a failure of one of them would therefore have been only 60% of the nominal power.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

A boiler furnace normally used for firing natural gas and designed for temporary operation with an emergency fuel consisting of fuel oil is equipped with a device which makes use of blowers for delivering air to the burners. The device includes in particular an auxiliary blower for delivering a supplemental air flow to the burners while they are being used for firing fuel oil. No provision is made for recycling of flue gases in the flue-gas removal circuit and the burners are preferably of a tiltable type.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'alimentation des brûleurs d'un foyer de chaudière fonctionnant au gaz naturel avec des ventilateurs d'envoi d'air aux brûleurs pour fonctionnement temporaire avec un combustible de secours constitué par du mazout.The present invention relates to a device for supplying the burners of a boiler hearth operating on natural gas with fans for sending air to the burners for temporary operation with an emergency fuel consisting of fuel oil.

De tels dispositifs permettent, lors de l'utilisation en combustible de secours, de maintenir en fonctionnement une chaudière pour la production de vapeur, aux prix d'une certaine réduction de la plage de fonctionnement optimal.Such devices make it possible, when using backup fuel, to keep a boiler for steam production in operation, at the cost of a certain reduction in the optimal operating range.

Le document FR-A 1 188 972 décrit une chaudière comportant des brûleurs à gaz principaux, des brûleurs à mazout ou à charbon pulvérisé et des brûleurs à gaz auxiliaires, pour chauffe isolée ou simultanée au mazout ou charbon et/ou au gaz. On y compense l'excès de gaz de combustion lors du chauffage au gaz seul à l'aide d'un échangeur de réchauffage du gaz combustible par de la vapeur surchauffée.Document FR-A 1 188 972 describes a boiler comprising main gas burners, oil or pulverized coal burners and auxiliary gas burners, for isolated or simultaneous heating with oil or coal and / or gas. It compensates for the excess combustion gas during heating with gas alone using a heat exchanger for heating the combustible gas with superheated steam.

Le document DE-B 1 230 512 porte sur un brûleur à deux alimentations différentes en gaz ou mazout, à chacune desquelles est associée une alimentation en gaz comburant. Chacune des alimentations peut fonctionner seule.Document DE-B 1 230 512 relates to a burner with two different gas or oil supplies, with each of which is associated with a supply of oxidizing gas. Each of the power supplies can operate on its own.

Aucun de ces documents ne concerne exactement le problème de la substitution totale dans des brûleurs d'un foyer de chaudière du mazout à du gaz naturel, en cas de panne de l'alimentation en gaz naturel. On a déjà proposé pour un fonctionnement temporaire au mazout d'un foyer de chaudière conçu pour une marche normale au gaz naturel d'utiliser des ventilateurs conçus pour refouler l'air sous une pression plus élevée que celle nécessitée par la marche normale au gaz naturel, et correspondant à la pression requise pour une marche au mazout, et de leur adjoindre des ventilateurs d'appoint et des circuits de recyclage des fumées vers le foyer par ces ventilateurs d'appoint. Ceci nécessite toutefois un surdimensionnement des ventilateurs principaux et l'installation et l'entretien d'au moins des ventilateurs d'appoint et de gaines de recyclage calorifugées, et la puissance consommée en marche de secours par les ventilateurs principaux et les ventilateurs d'appoint est très notablement majorée par rapport à celle consommée en fonctionnement normal. L'installation de tels auxiliaires est donc coûteuse en investissements et en énergie. Par ailleurs, le fonctionnement du foyer est modifié, le mazout procurant une température de flamme plus faible que le gaz naturel, de sorte que la température des gaz de combustion au niveau des surchauffeurs et resurchauffeurs de la chaudière est abaissée et entraîne un rendement d'échange de chaleur moins favorable.None of these documents deals exactly with the problem of the total substitution in burners of a boiler hearth of fuel oil for natural gas, in the event of failure of the natural gas supply. It has already been proposed for temporary fuel oil operation of a boiler fireplace designed for normal operation with natural gas to use fans designed to discharge air under a higher pressure than that required by normal operation with natural gas , and corresponding to the pressure required for an oil-fired operation, and to add auxiliary fans and smoke recycling circuits to the hearth by these auxiliary fans. This however requires oversizing of the main fans and the installation and maintenance of at least booster fans and insulated recycling ducts, and the power consumed in emergency operation by the main fans and booster fans. is very markedly increased compared to that consumed in normal operation. The installation of such auxiliaries is therefore costly in investment and in energy. In addition, the operation of the fireplace is modified, the fuel oil providing a lower flame temperature than natural gas, so that the temperature of the combustion gases at the level of the superheaters and reheaters of the boiler is lowered and results in a yield of less favorable heat exchange.

La présente invention a pour but de procurer un dispositif d'alimentation pour fonctionnement temporaire au mazout qui ne nécessite ni un surdimensionnement des ventilateurs d'air principaux ni l'installation de circuit de recyclage de fumées, et réduise à un minimum l'investissement et la consommation d'énergie supplémentaire correspondant à la possibilité de fonctionnement en marche de secours.The object of the present invention is to provide a supply device for temporary fuel oil operation which requires neither an oversizing of the main air fans nor the installation of a smoke recycling circuit, and reduces investment and the additional energy consumption corresponding to the possibility of operating in emergency mode.

Ce but est résolu par la revendication 1.This object is solved by claim 1.

Il comporte en outre de préférence des brûleurs inclinables. On choisit de préférence des ventilateurs principaux de débit maximal égal à celui nécessaire pour le fonctionnement à charge maximale au gaz naturel, et le débit maximal du ventilateur d'appoint correspond au supplément d'air nécessaire pour le fonctionnement à charge maximale au mazout.It also preferably includes tilting burners. The main fans are preferably chosen to have a maximum flow rate equal to that necessary for operation at maximum load with natural gas, and the maximum flow rate for the auxiliary fan corresponds to the additional air required for operation at maximum load with oil.

Le refoulement du ventilateur d'appoint est avantageusement relié à l'un et l'autre de ceux des ventilateurs principaux, de manière à réduire la chute de puissance de chauffe en cas de panne de l'un de ces derniers lors du fonctionnement au gaz naturel.The discharge of the auxiliary fan is advantageously connected to one and the other of those of the main fans, so as to reduce the drop in heating power in the event of a failure of one of the latter during gas operation. natural.

Les brûleurs inclinables permettent de déplacer vers le haut les zones de température de flamme par rapport à celles qui s'établiraient normalement en fonctionnement au mazout avec des brûleurs fixes, ce qui permet de régler la température des gaz de combustion au niveau des surchauffeurs et resurchauffeurs de la chaudière.The tilting burners allow the flame temperature zones to be moved upwards compared to those which would normally be established in oil operation with fixed burners, which makes it possible to adjust the temperature of the combustion gases at the level of the superheaters and reheaters. of the boiler.

Compte tenu du débit supplémentaire d'air nécessaire pour la marche au mazout, il suffit d'un seul ventilateur supplémentaire, au lieu des deux autres ventilateurs qui seraient nécessaires pour le recyclage des fumées. Par ailleurs, les gaines de refoulement de l'air du ventilateur supplémentaire sont des gaines non calorifugées ordinaires, au lieu des gaines calorifugées qui seraient nécessitées par le recyclage des fumées.Given the additional air flow required for fuel oil heating, only one additional fan is needed, instead of the other two fans that would be required for recycling the fumes. Furthermore, the air discharge ducts of the additional fan are ordinary non-insulated ducts, instead of the insulated ducts which would be required by the recycling of the fumes.

Il est décrit ci-après, à titre d'exemple et en référence à la figure schématique du dessin annexé, un dispositif d'alimentation en air pour marche de secours au mazout d'un foyer de chaudière à gaz naturel, selon l'invention.It is described below, by way of example and with reference to the diagrammatic figure of the appended drawing, an air supply device for emergency operation with oil from a natural gas boiler home, according to the invention .

Le foyer de la chaudière 1 est alimenté dans ses angles en combustible et air comburant par des séries de brûleurs superposés, représentées en flèches 2, 3, 4, 5. L'air comburant est refoulé par les ventilateurs centrifuges 6, 7 vers les échangeurs- récupérateurs 8, 9, où il se réchauffe au contact d'un matériau préalablement réchauffé par les fu-' mées résultant de la combustion dans le foyer. L'air réchauffé se rend alors par les conduits calorifugés 10 et 12 d'une part, 11 et 13 d'autre part, aux séries de brûleurs 2 et 3 d'une part, 4 et 5 d'autre part, où il assure en marche normale la combustion de gaz naturel, arrivant par des conduits non représentés.The furnace of the boiler 1 is supplied in its corners with fuel and combustion air by series of superimposed burners, shown in arrows 2, 3, 4, 5. The combustion air is discharged by centrifugal fans 6, 7 towards the exchangers - recuperators 8, 9, where it heats up in contact with a material previously heated by the fumes resulting from combustion in the hearth. The heated air then travels through the insulated ducts 10 and 12 on the one hand, 11 and 13 on the other hand, to the series of burners 2 and 3 on the one hand, 4 and 5 on the other hand, where it ensures during normal operation, the combustion of natural gas, arriving via pipes not shown.

Ces brûleurs sont inclinables, de façon à permettre de compenser par une inclinaison vers le haut une partie de la diminution de la température des gaz de combustion au niveau des surchauffeurs et resurchauffeurs de la chaudière résultant de la substitution du mazout au gaz naturel.These burners are tiltable, so as to compensate by tilting upwards part of the decrease in the temperature of the combustion gases at the level of the superheaters and reheaters of the boiler resulting from the substitution of fuel oil for natural gas.

Les fumées évacuées du foyer et des échangeurs de surchauffe et resurchauffe, sont renvoyées par les conduits 14 et 15 vers les échangeurs-récupérateurs 8 et 9, où elles cèdent une partie de leur chaleur sensible, puis passent par les conduits 16 et 17 à la cheminée 18.The fumes evacuated from the hearth and from the overheating and reheating exchangers are sent back through the conduits 14 and 15 to the exchanger-recuperators 8 and 9, where they give up some of their sensible heat, then pass through the conduits 16 and 17 to the fireplace 18.

En marche de secours au mazout, l'on met en fonctionnement le ventilateur centrifuge d'appoint 19. Celui- ci refoule l'air froid supplémentaire nécessaire pour la combustion du mazout, d'une part par le conduit 20 dans le conduit 12, d'autre part par le conduit 21 dans le conduit 13.In the oil backup operation, the auxiliary centrifugal fan 19 is put into operation. This blows in the additional cold air necessary for the combustion of the oil, on the one hand by the conduit 20 in the conduit 12, on the other hand by the conduit 21 in the conduit 13.

Les ventilateurs principaux 6 et 7 sont dimensionnés pour fournir chacun 50 % du débit correspondant au fonctionnement nominal de la chaudière à pleine puissance.The main fans 6 and 7 are dimensioned to each supply 50% of the flow corresponding to the nominal operation of the boiler at full power.

Le ventilateur d'appoint est dimensionné pour fournir par exemple environ 20 % du débit correspondant au fonctionnement nominal. En cas de panne de l'un des ventilateurs principaux au cours du fonctionnement normal au gaz naturel, on peut ainsi assurer une marche à 70 % de la puissance maximale. Dans une installation prévue pour assurer la marche de secours par recyclage des fumées, il aurait fallu surdimensionner chacun des ventilateurs principaux, ce qui correspondait à permettre à chacun d'eux d'assurer 60 % environ du débit correspondant au fonctionnement nominal, et la puissance atteinte en cas de panne de l'un d'eux n'aurait donc été que de 60 % de la puissance nominale.The auxiliary fan is dimensioned to provide, for example, approximately 20% of the flow rate corresponding to the nominal operation. In the event of a failure of one of the main fans during normal natural gas operation, it is thus possible to ensure operation at 70% of the maximum power. In an installation designed to provide emergency operation by recycling smoke, it would have been necessary to oversize each of the main fans, which corresponded to allowing each of them to ensure approximately 60% of the flow corresponding to nominal operation, and the power reached in the event of a failure of one of them would therefore have been only 60% of the nominal power.

Claims (4)

1. A supply device for the burners (2, 3, 4, 5) of a boiler furnace (1) designed for operation with natural gas and using blowers (6, 7) for delivering air to the burners, the burners being conceived to temporarily operate with an emergency fuel consisting of fuel oil, the device including recuperator exchangers (8, 9) adapted to reheat the air delivered by the blowers (6, 7), while at the same time the flue gas evacuated from the furnace (1) is conveyed to said exchangers (8, 9) via ducts (14, 15), where they yield part of their sensible heat, then pass through ducts (16, 17) to a stack (18), and including an auxiliary blower (19) used to deliver a supplemental amount of air required for fuel oil operation.
2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the burners are tiltable burners.
3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the maximum throughput of the main blowers (6, 7) is equal to the throughput required for natural-gas operation at maximum load, and in that the maximum throughput of the auxiliary blower (19) corresponds to the amount of supplemental air required for fuel-oil operation of the furnace at maximum load.
4. A device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the discharge outlet of the auxiliary blower (19) is coupled (20, 21) with both discharge outlets of the main blower (6, 7) so as to reduce the power drop in the event of failure of one of said blowers during natural-gas operation.
EP87103596A 1986-03-14 1987-03-12 Device for supplying air to a boiler combustion chamber normally operating on natural gas during its operation on oil Expired - Lifetime EP0237069B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87103596T ATE50354T1 (en) 1986-03-14 1987-03-12 DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING AIR TO A BOILER WHICH IS NORMALLY FUEL WITH NATURAL GAS, WHILE AUXILIARY SERVICE WITH OIL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8603693A FR2595790B1 (en) 1986-03-14 1986-03-14 AIR SUPPLY DEVICE FOR A BOILER FIREPLACE NORMALLY OPERATING WITH NATURAL GAS FOR FUEL BACKUP
FR8603693 1986-03-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0237069A1 EP0237069A1 (en) 1987-09-16
EP0237069B1 true EP0237069B1 (en) 1990-02-07

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EP87103596A Expired - Lifetime EP0237069B1 (en) 1986-03-14 1987-03-12 Device for supplying air to a boiler combustion chamber normally operating on natural gas during its operation on oil

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US (1) US4725224A (en)
EP (1) EP0237069B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE50354T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3761707D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2595790B1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8517720B2 (en) * 2008-10-16 2013-08-27 Lochinvar, Llc Integrated dual chamber burner
US8286594B2 (en) 2008-10-16 2012-10-16 Lochinvar, Llc Gas fired modulating water heating appliance with dual combustion air premix blowers
US9097436B1 (en) 2010-12-27 2015-08-04 Lochinvar, Llc Integrated dual chamber burner with remote communicating flame strip
CN102022749A (en) * 2010-12-31 2011-04-20 广东理文造纸有限公司 Boiler draught fan system
US9464805B2 (en) 2013-01-16 2016-10-11 Lochinvar, Llc Modulating burner

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1099470A (en) * 1953-01-16 1955-09-06 Combustion Eng Improvements made to steam generators
US2840053A (en) * 1953-01-16 1958-06-24 Combustion Eng Combustion zone control
GB821423A (en) * 1954-09-09 1959-10-07 Thompson John Water Tube Boilers Ltd Improvements relating to steam generators
FR1188972A (en) * 1956-12-24 1959-09-28 Walther & Cie Ag Boiler installation allowing, as desired, heating with combustible gas or with powdery fuel or with combustible oil
GB852965A (en) * 1956-12-24 1960-11-02 Walther & Cie Ag Improvements in steam generator plants
DE1241929B (en) * 1961-03-30 1967-06-08 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Firing system for steam generators with two superimposed combustion chambers fired with oil and / or gas
DE1230512B (en) * 1964-03-09 1966-12-15 Hans Maile Fabrik Fuer Gasbren Multi-stage gas or oil burner
US3269368A (en) * 1964-04-14 1966-08-30 Nat Steel Corp Superheater
FR1430692A (en) * 1965-04-13 1966-03-04 Nat Steel Corp Superheater
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US4003692A (en) * 1975-08-06 1977-01-18 Eclipse, Inc. High velocity burner
US3989443A (en) * 1975-10-10 1976-11-02 California Portland Cement Company Multiple fuel burner and usage in rotary kilns

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0237069A1 (en) 1987-09-16
FR2595790A1 (en) 1987-09-18
ATE50354T1 (en) 1990-02-15
DE3761707D1 (en) 1990-03-15
US4725224A (en) 1988-02-16
FR2595790B1 (en) 1989-06-09

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