EP0236166B1 - Process and installation for circulating fluids by pumping - Google Patents

Process and installation for circulating fluids by pumping Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0236166B1
EP0236166B1 EP87400158A EP87400158A EP0236166B1 EP 0236166 B1 EP0236166 B1 EP 0236166B1 EP 87400158 A EP87400158 A EP 87400158A EP 87400158 A EP87400158 A EP 87400158A EP 0236166 B1 EP0236166 B1 EP 0236166B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
liquid
turbine
fluid
inlet
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP87400158A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0236166A1 (en
Inventor
Claude Lepert
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Pompes Guinard SA
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Pompes Guinard SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D31/00—Pumping liquids and elastic fluids at the same time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/04—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being fluid driven

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods and installations for circulating fluids by pumping. More particularly, the invention relates to methods and installations for pumping fluids composed of at least one liquid phase and at least one gaseous phase, the latter making pumping very difficult.
  • the ejector thus formed applies an initial pressure increase to the fluid in the well.
  • the liquid should therefore leave the turbine while also having a certain pressure.
  • the energy of the liquid is not optimally used in the turbine, since part of this energy is necessary for a downstream operation.
  • this has the disadvantage that the pump must be designed for a large flow rate and therefore requires a large power .
  • the liquid serves as the supply fluid for the turbine of the turbomachine, supplying the energy necessary for the operation of the pump.
  • Part of the liquid also serves to decrease the gas content of the fluid and thus make it acceptable so that the mixture of fluid and liquid can be pumped. Since as little expanded turbid liquid is passed through the pump as possible, it requires as little power as possible.
  • the liquid is completely expanded in the turbine and neither is it allowed kinetic energy.
  • the turbine thus operates under the best conditions.
  • the gas content of the fluid is detected and the proportion of the liquid mixed with the fluid is modified as a function of the gas content detected.
  • the ratio between the quantity of turbinated liquid entering the mixture and that which is discharged can vary between 0 and 0.5.
  • the flow rate of turbinated liquid mixed with the fluid which represents from 0 to 2 parts by volume per 1 part of the fluid, is equal to the flow rate of liquid, separated in the form of a first stream and representing from 25% to 65% of the volume of the mixture, which leaves the pump.
  • the invention also relates to a pumping installation comprising a fluid source and a turbomachine comprising a pump, having an inlet and an outlet, and a turbine which is set on the same shaft as the pump and which has an inlet and an outlet, the outlet of the turbine opening into a conduit putting the source in communication with the pump.
  • the installation is characterized by a rejection or return duct communicating with the outlet of the turbine and by a device making it possible to regulate the quantities of liquid coming from the outlet of the turbine which go into the rejection or return duct and into the conduit putting the source in communication with the pump.
  • the installation comprises a detector of the gas content of the fluid and the device making it possible to adjust the quantities of liquid is controlled by the detector via a control line as a function of the levels detected.
  • the installation comprises an apparatus for separating a fluid consisting of a gas phase and a liquid phase into a first stream richer in the liquid phase than the fluid and into a second stream, the apparatus being provided an input which communicates with the output of the pump and two outputs, one of which for the first current communicates with the input of the turbine.
  • the pump is such that the curve representing the value of the curvature along the skeleton of the profile of a blade as a function of the curvilinear absence along this skeleton, has a slope whose value gradually increases from the edge of attack towards the trailing edge of the blade, as described in French patent 7,536,774; the pump advantageously has the other characteristics defined in this patent, but the pump can have any other hydraulic specially adapted to two-phase flows.
  • Fluid composed of a liquid phase and a gaseous phase comes from a source 1 through a conduit 2.
  • a conduit 3 coming from the outlet 4 of a turbine 5 of a turbomachine.
  • This machine essentially comprises the turbine having the outlet 4 and an inlet 6 and a pump 7 having an inlet 8 and an outlet 9 and wedged on the same shaft 10 as the turbine 5.
  • a detailed description of this turbomachine can be found in French patent 7823250 .
  • a device 18 making it possible to adjust the quantities of liquid which go respectively to the conduit 11 and to a rejection conduit 17.
  • the device 18 is controlled via a line 20 by a detector 19 which detects the gas contents of the fluid passing through line 2.
  • the mixture of fluid and liquid is sent under a pressure of between 10 and 100 bar, via a conduit 11, to the inlet 8 of the pump 7.
  • the latter discharges it through the outlet 9 and through a conduit 12 into a separation apparatus 13, where the mixture, optionally after settling or centrifugation of the solid materials, is separated into a first stream going through the conduit 14, with compression in a pump 16 at a pressure between 20 and 250 bar, at the inlet 6 of the turbine 5 and in a second stream discharged through a conduit 15.
  • the gas content of the first stream is less than 5% by volume.
  • 60 m 3 / h of gas-free oil are sent to the turbine under a pressure of 100 bar.
  • the turbomachine rotates at 6000 rpm.
  • the pressure relief height in the turbine is 800 m.
  • the expanded oil is mixed with 60 m 3 / h of crude oil having a GLR of 10.
  • GLR represents the ratio of the volume of gas to the volume of liquid.
  • the head of the pump is 150 m. Despite its high GLR, the crude can thus be pumped without difficulty.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Description

La présente invention se rapporte aux procédés et aux installations pour faire circuler des fluides par pompage. Plus particulièrement l'invention vise des procédés et installations pour pomper des fluides composés d'au moins une phase liquide et d'au moins une phase gazeuse, cette dernière rendant le pompage très difficile.The present invention relates to methods and installations for circulating fluids by pumping. More particularly, the invention relates to methods and installations for pumping fluids composed of at least one liquid phase and at least one gaseous phase, the latter making pumping very difficult.

Au brevet français 2 470 878, on décrit déjà un procédé pour pomper du fluide composé d'une phase liquide et d'une phase gazeuse, qui consiste à envoyer du liquide sous pression à l'entrée de la turbine d'une turbomachine comprenant une pompe, ayant une entrée et une sortie, et une turbine, qui a une entrée et une sortie distinctes de celles de la pompe et qui est calée sur le même arbre que la pompe. Tout le liquide issu de la turbine est mélangé au fluide à faire passer dans la pompe, afin d'obtenir un effet d'éjection. Il est donc impératif, pour obtenir cet effet d'éjection, que l'énergie du liquide à la sortie de la turbine soit encore importante et notamment que l'énergie cinétique du liquide sortant de la turbine soit suffisante pour aspirer les fluides du puits vers la pompe. L'éjecteur ainsi constitué applique une élévation initiale de pression au fluide du puits. Il convient donc que le liquide sorte de la turbine en ayant également une certaine pression. Il en résulte que l'énergie du liquide n'est pas utilisée au mieux dans la turbine, puisqu'une partie de cette énergie est nécessaire pour une opération en aval. En outre, si mélanger tout le liquide au fluide est avantageux en vue de conférer au fluide la vitesse nécessaire pour le faire passer dans la pompe, cela a l'inconvénient que la pompe doit être prévue pour un grand débit et nécessite donc une puissance importante.In French patent 2,470,878, a process for pumping fluid composed of a liquid phase and a gaseous phase is already described, which consists in sending liquid under pressure to the inlet of the turbine of a turbomachine comprising a pump, having an inlet and an outlet, and a turbine, which has an inlet and an outlet separate from those of the pump and which is fixed on the same shaft as the pump. All the liquid from the turbine is mixed with the fluid to be passed through the pump, in order to obtain an ejection effect. It is therefore imperative, in order to obtain this ejection effect, that the energy of the liquid leaving the turbine is still high and in particular that the kinetic energy of the liquid leaving the turbine is sufficient to suck the fluids from the well towards the pump. The ejector thus formed applies an initial pressure increase to the fluid in the well. The liquid should therefore leave the turbine while also having a certain pressure. As a result, the energy of the liquid is not optimally used in the turbine, since part of this energy is necessary for a downstream operation. In addition, if mixing all the liquid with the fluid is advantageous in order to give the fluid the speed necessary to pass it through the pump, this has the disadvantage that the pump must be designed for a large flow rate and therefore requires a large power .

L'invention pallie ces inconvénients par procédé pour pomper du fluide composé d'une phase liquide et d'une phase gazeuse, qui consiste:

  • à envoyer du liquide sous pression à l'entrée de la turbine d'une turbomachine comprenant une pompe, ayant une entrée et une sortie, et une turbine qui a une entrée et une sortie distinctes de celles de la pompe et qui est calée sur le même arbre que la pompe,
  • à mélanger au fluide du liquide qui sort de la turbine pour obtenir un mélange,
  • à aspirer le mélange par l'entrée de la pompe.
The invention overcomes these drawbacks by a method for pumping fluid composed of a liquid phase and a gas phase, which consists of:
  • to send liquid under pressure to the inlet of the turbine of a turbomachine comprising a pump, having an inlet and an outlet, and a turbine which has an inlet and an outlet separate from those of the pump and which is stalled on the same shaft as the pump,
  • to mix with the fluid liquid which leaves the turbine to obtain a mixture,
  • suck the mixture through the pump inlet.

Le procédé suivant l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste

  • à utiliser une pompe apte à pomper des écoulements diphasiques ayant une teneur en gaz inférieure à un seuil donné,
  • à détecter la teneur en gaz du fluide et, si cette teneur atteint une valeur supérieure à ce seuil, à ne mélanger au fluide qu'une partie du liquide représentant la proportion qui est nécessaire pour abaisser la teneur en gaz du mélange à une valeur inférieure à ce seuil, et
  • à rejeter ou à retourner le reste du liquide turbiné.
The process according to the invention is characterized in that it consists
  • using a pump capable of pumping two-phase flows having a gas content below a given threshold,
  • detecting the gas content of the fluid and, if this content reaches a value greater than this threshold, mixing only part of the liquid with the fluid representing the proportion which is necessary to reduce the gas content of the mixture to a lower value at this threshold, and
  • to reject or return the rest of the turbined liquid.

Suivant l'invention, on ne cherche plus à faire jouer au liquide un rôle quelconque d'éjection. Le liquide sert de fluide d'alimentation de la turbine de la turbomachine, fournissant l'énergie nécessaire au fonctionnement de la pompe. Une partie du liquide sert aussi à diminuer la teneur en gaz du fluide et à la rendre ainsi acceptable pour que le mélange de fluide et de liquide puisse être pompé. Comme il passe aussi peu de liquide turbiné détendu que possible dans la pompe, celle-ci nécessite aussi peu de puissance que possible.According to the invention, there is no longer any attempt to make the liquid play any role of ejection. The liquid serves as the supply fluid for the turbine of the turbomachine, supplying the energy necessary for the operation of the pump. Part of the liquid also serves to decrease the gas content of the fluid and thus make it acceptable so that the mixture of fluid and liquid can be pumped. Since as little expanded turbid liquid is passed through the pump as possible, it requires as little power as possible.

Avantageusement on détend complètement le liquide dans la turbine et on ne lui laisse pas non plus d'énergie cinétique. La turbine fonctionne ainsi dans les meilleures conditions.Advantageously, the liquid is completely expanded in the turbine and neither is it allowed kinetic energy. The turbine thus operates under the best conditions.

De préférence, on détecte la teneur en gaz du fluide et on modifie la proportion du liquide mélangé au fluide en fonction de la teneur en gaz détecté.Preferably, the gas content of the fluid is detected and the proportion of the liquid mixed with the fluid is modified as a function of the gas content detected.

En général, le rapport entre la quantité du liquide turbiné entrant dans le mélange et celle qui est rejetée peut varier entre 0 et 0,5.In general, the ratio between the quantity of turbinated liquid entering the mixture and that which is discharged can vary between 0 and 0.5.

Avantageusement, le débit de liquide turbiné mélangé au fluide, qui représente de 0 à 2 parties en volume pour 1 partie du fluide, est égal au débit de liquide, séparé sous forme d'un premier courant et représentant de 25% à 65% du volume du mélange, qui sort de la pompe.Advantageously, the flow rate of turbinated liquid mixed with the fluid, which represents from 0 to 2 parts by volume per 1 part of the fluid, is equal to the flow rate of liquid, separated in the form of a first stream and representing from 25% to 65% of the volume of the mixture, which leaves the pump.

L'invention vise aussi une installation de pompage comprenant une source de fluide et une turbomachine comprenant une pompe, ayant une entrée et une sortie, et une turbine qui est calée sur le même arbre que la pompe et qui a une entrée et une sortie, la sortie de la turbine débouchant dans un conduit mettant la source en communication avec la pompe. L'installation se caractérise par un conduit de rejet ou de retour communiquant avec la sortie de la turbine et par un dispositif permettant de régler les quantités de liquide provenant de la sortie de la turbine qui vont dans le conduit de rejet ou de retour et dans le conduit mettant la source en communication avec la pompe.The invention also relates to a pumping installation comprising a fluid source and a turbomachine comprising a pump, having an inlet and an outlet, and a turbine which is set on the same shaft as the pump and which has an inlet and an outlet, the outlet of the turbine opening into a conduit putting the source in communication with the pump. The installation is characterized by a rejection or return duct communicating with the outlet of the turbine and by a device making it possible to regulate the quantities of liquid coming from the outlet of the turbine which go into the rejection or return duct and into the conduit putting the source in communication with the pump.

Suivant une variante avantageuse, l'installation comprend un détecteur de la teneur en gaz du fluide et le dispositif permettant de régler les quantités de liquide est commandé par le détecteur par l'intermédiaire d'une ligne de commande en fonction des teneurs détectées.According to an advantageous variant, the installation comprises a detector of the gas content of the fluid and the device making it possible to adjust the quantities of liquid is controlled by the detector via a control line as a function of the levels detected.

Avantageusement, l'installation comprend un appareillage de séparation d'un fluide constitué d'une phase gazeuse et d'une phase liquide en un premier courant plus riche en la phase liquide que le fluide et en un second courant, l'appareillage étant muni d'une entrée qui communique avec la sortie de la pompe et de deux sorties, dont l'une pour le premier courant communique avec l'entrée de la turbine.Advantageously, the installation comprises an apparatus for separating a fluid consisting of a gas phase and a liquid phase into a first stream richer in the liquid phase than the fluid and into a second stream, the apparatus being provided an input which communicates with the output of the pump and two outputs, one of which for the first current communicates with the input of the turbine.

De préférence, la pompe est telle que la courbe représentant la valeur de la courbure le long du squelette du profil d'une pale en fonction de l'absence curviligne le long de ce squelette, ait une pente dont la valeur croit progressivement depuis le bord d'attaque vers le bord de fuite de la pale, comme décrit au brevet français 7 536 774; la pompe a avantageusement les autres caractéristiques définies à ce brevet, mais la pompe pouvant avoir toute autre hydraulique adaptée spécialement aux écoulements diphasiques.Preferably, the pump is such that the curve representing the value of the curvature along the skeleton of the profile of a blade as a function of the curvilinear absence along this skeleton, has a slope whose value gradually increases from the edge of attack towards the trailing edge of the blade, as described in French patent 7,536,774; the pump advantageously has the other characteristics defined in this patent, but the pump can have any other hydraulic specially adapted to two-phase flows.

La figure unique du dessin annexé illustre l'invention.The single figure of the accompanying drawing illustrates the invention.

Du fluide composé d'une phase liquide et d'une phase gazeuse est issu d'une source 1 par un conduit 2. Dans le conduit 2 débouche un conduit 3 provenant de la sortie 4 d'une turbine 5 d'une turbomachine. Cette machine comporte essentiellement la turbine ayant la sortie 4 et une entrée 6 et une pompe 7 ayant une entrée 8 et une sortie 9 et calée sur le même arbre 10 que la turbine 5. On trouvera une description détaillée de cette turbomachine au brevet français 7823250.Fluid composed of a liquid phase and a gaseous phase comes from a source 1 through a conduit 2. In the conduit 2 opens a conduit 3 coming from the outlet 4 of a turbine 5 of a turbomachine. This machine essentially comprises the turbine having the outlet 4 and an inlet 6 and a pump 7 having an inlet 8 and an outlet 9 and wedged on the same shaft 10 as the turbine 5. A detailed description of this turbomachine can be found in French patent 7823250 .

Sur la conduit 3 est monté un dispositif 18 permettant de régler les quantités de liquide qui vont respectivement vers le conduit 11 et vers un conduit de rejet 17. Le dispositif 18 est commandé par l'intermédiaire d'une ligne 20 par un détecteur 19 qui détecte les teneurs en gaz du fluide passant dans le conduit 2.On the conduit 3 is mounted a device 18 making it possible to adjust the quantities of liquid which go respectively to the conduit 11 and to a rejection conduit 17. The device 18 is controlled via a line 20 by a detector 19 which detects the gas contents of the fluid passing through line 2.

Le mélange de fluide et de liquide est envoyé sous une pression comprise entre 10 et 100 bar, par un conduit 11, à l'entrée 8 de la pompe 7. Celle-ci le refoule par la sortie 9 et par un conduit 12 dans un appareillage de séparation 13, où le mélange, éventuellement après décantation ou centrifugation des matières solides, est séparé en un premier courant allant par le conduit 14, avec compression dans une pompe 16 sous une pression comprise entre 20 et 250 bar, à l'entrée 6 de la turbine 5 et en un second courant évacué par un conduit 15.The mixture of fluid and liquid is sent under a pressure of between 10 and 100 bar, via a conduit 11, to the inlet 8 of the pump 7. The latter discharges it through the outlet 9 and through a conduit 12 into a separation apparatus 13, where the mixture, optionally after settling or centrifugation of the solid materials, is separated into a first stream going through the conduit 14, with compression in a pump 16 at a pressure between 20 and 250 bar, at the inlet 6 of the turbine 5 and in a second stream discharged through a conduit 15.

La teneur en gaz du premier courant est inférieure à 5% en volume.The gas content of the first stream is less than 5% by volume.

L'exemple suivant illustre l'invention.The following example illustrates the invention.

On envoie dans la turbine 60 m3/h d'huile exempte de gaz sous une pression de 100 bar. La turbomachine tourne à 6000 t/min. La hauteur manométrique de détente dans la turbine est de 800 m. On mélange l'huile détendu à 60 m3/h d'un brut ayant un GLR de 10. GLR représente le rapport du volume de gaz au volume de liquide. La hauteur manométrique de la pompe est de 150 m. En dépit de son GLR élevé, le brut peut être ainsi pompé sans difficulté.60 m 3 / h of gas-free oil are sent to the turbine under a pressure of 100 bar. The turbomachine rotates at 6000 rpm. The pressure relief height in the turbine is 800 m. The expanded oil is mixed with 60 m 3 / h of crude oil having a GLR of 10. GLR represents the ratio of the volume of gas to the volume of liquid. The head of the pump is 150 m. Despite its high GLR, the crude can thus be pumped without difficulty.

Claims (9)

1. A process for pumping fluid composed of a liquid phase and of a gaseous phase, which comprises
conveying liquid under pressure to the inlet of the turbine of a turbo-machine comprising a pump having an inlet and an outlet and a turbine which has an inlet and an outlet separate from those of the pump and which is keyed on the same shaft as the pump,
mixing to the fluid liquid coming from the turbine in order to obtain a mixture,
sucking the mixture through the inlet of the pump,
characterized in
using a pump which is able to pump two- phase flows with a gas content lower than a given threshold,
detecting the gas content of the fluid and, if this content reaches a value higher than the threshold, mixing to the fluid only a portion of the liquid which represents the proportion which is necessary to lower the gas content to a value lower than the threshold, and
transferring or returning the rest of the harnessed liquid.
2. A process according to claim 1, comprising expanding the liquid in the turbine almost completely, and preventing it from retaining any substantial kinetic energy.
3. A process according to any of the proceeding claims, wherein the ratio between the quan- __ tity of liquid contained in the mixture and that which is returned varies between 0 and 0.5.
4. A process according to any of the preceeding claims, comprising mixing 0 to 2 parts by volume of the expanded liquid with 1 part of the fluid.
5. A process according to any of the preceeding claims, comprising separating the fluid leaving the pump into a first liquid stream having a gas content less than 10% by volume and into a second stream, compressing the first stream and conveying it as liquid to the inlet of the turbine.
6. A process according to claim 5, wherein the first stream represents 25 to 65% of the flow of fluid leaving the pump.
7. Pumping apparatus comprising a liquid source and a turbo-machine comprising a pump having an inlet and an outlet and a turbine which is keyed on the same shaft as the pump and which has an inlet and an outlet, the outlet of the turbine opening into a pipe putting the source in communication with the pump, comprising a transfer or return pipe communicating with the outlet of the turbine and comprising a device making it possible to adjust the quantities of liquid coming from the outlet of the turbine, which enter respectively the transfer or return pipe and the pipe putting the source into communication with the pump.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7, comprising a unit separating a fluid consisting of a gaseous phase and of a liquid phase into a first stream richer in the liquid phase than the fluid and into a second stream, the unit being equipped with an inlet communicating with the outlet of the pump and with two outlets, of which the one for the first stream communicates with the inlet of the turbine.
9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, which possesses a detector which detects the gas content of the fluid in the pipe putting the source in communication with the pump and which controls the device as a function of this content.
EP87400158A 1986-02-10 1987-01-23 Process and installation for circulating fluids by pumping Expired - Lifetime EP0236166B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8601763 1986-02-10
FR8601763A FR2594183A1 (en) 1986-02-10 1986-02-10 METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR CIRCULATING FLUIDS BY PUMPING

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EP0236166A1 EP0236166A1 (en) 1987-09-09
EP0236166B1 true EP0236166B1 (en) 1990-10-03

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US (1) US4712984A (en)
EP (1) EP0236166B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS62191671A (en)
DE (1) DE3765271D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2018026B3 (en)
FR (1) FR2594183A1 (en)
NO (1) NO168965C (en)

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Publication number Publication date
FR2594183A1 (en) 1987-08-14
NO168965B (en) 1992-01-13
EP0236166A1 (en) 1987-09-09
JPS62191671A (en) 1987-08-22
NO870493D0 (en) 1987-02-09
US4712984A (en) 1987-12-15
NO168965C (en) 1992-04-22
NO870493L (en) 1987-08-11
DE3765271D1 (en) 1990-11-08
ES2018026B3 (en) 1991-03-16

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