EP0235621B1 - Lance de soufflage d'oxygène - Google Patents

Lance de soufflage d'oxygène Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0235621B1
EP0235621B1 EP87101777A EP87101777A EP0235621B1 EP 0235621 B1 EP0235621 B1 EP 0235621B1 EP 87101777 A EP87101777 A EP 87101777A EP 87101777 A EP87101777 A EP 87101777A EP 0235621 B1 EP0235621 B1 EP 0235621B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inner tube
lance
nozzle
tube
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87101777A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0235621A3 (en
EP0235621A2 (fr
Inventor
André Bock
Romain Henrion
Jean Liesch
Carlo Heintz
Henri Klein
Jean-François Liesch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Paul Wurth SA
Original Assignee
Arbed SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arbed SA filed Critical Arbed SA
Priority to AT87101777T priority Critical patent/ATE77839T1/de
Publication of EP0235621A2 publication Critical patent/EP0235621A2/fr
Publication of EP0235621A3 publication Critical patent/EP0235621A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0235621B1 publication Critical patent/EP0235621B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lance for refining metals or ferroalloys by blowing oxygen from above.
  • an oxygen blowing lance whether it is a lance providing a vertical jet for the refining proper, or a lance comprising in addition for example lateral nozzles providing oblique jets for the post-combustion of carbon monoxide, requires certain calculations which must in particular take account of the following two quantities: the Mach number and the optimum flow rate.
  • the Mach number is a quantity which expresses the impulse, the speed resp. the degree of hardness of the spray.
  • the nozzle of a lance usually comprises a convergent and downstream of the latter a diverging; the Mach number is a function of the ratio of the exit diameters of the diverging point and the neck of the converging point.
  • the optimum flow rate is a function of the inlet pressure of the nozzle and the diameter of the neck of the convergent.
  • the metallurgist may wish to project a soft vertical jet at a high rate onto the refining bath; such a way of blowing is to be recommended during the refining when it is a question of forming a highly oxidized slag. It is just as well imaginable that he wanted to blow a jet of hard vertical oxygen, at reduced flow; this procedure would be indicated in order to reduce the total volume of oxygen supplied to the converter, in order not to oxidize the slag, while guaranteeing vigorous decarburization of the metal.
  • a lance for refining metal baths is known in which the jet of refining gas is divided in the lance head into two separate concentric jets leaving the lance at different angles .
  • This patent describes a lance head comprising a central nozzle surrounded by a casing-nozzle, the central nozzle being provided with a helical deflection piece. The mantle of the central nozzle and the deflection piece are attached to a bar by means of which they can be subjected to a movement of rotation and / or translation along the axis of the lance. In this way, the outlet angles of the refining gas jets can be changed.
  • Patent AT-B-216 032 describes a lance for refining a metal bath which comprises a single nozzle equipped with a deflector movable along the axis of the lance in order to be able to modify the angle of impact of the refining jet on the metal bath.
  • the aim of the present invention is to create an oxygen blowing lance, the concept of which makes it possible to vary the Mach number and the optimal flow rate, independently of one another while using only a minimum of moving parts.
  • a major advantage of the invention lies in the possibility offered to the steelmaker to vary, as a function of the different refining phases, the quantity of oxygen introduced into the bath while permanently imposing on the jet the optimum speed required.
  • the nozzle 1 supplying the refining oxygen consists of an inner tube 20 which is substantially cylindrical, the lower part 21 of which converges, and an outer tube 3, coaxial with the inner tube 20 and also substantially cylindrical.
  • the mouth 25 of the tube 20 is arranged a few tens of cm set back from the mouth 5 of the nozzle 1.
  • the two tubes have regulating valves 22 respectively 4 making it possible to individually adjust the quantity and the pressure of gas passing through them . Note that these valves are actually arranged much further upstream of the mouths, eg at the heights of the lance mounting brackets.
  • the part 23 in the form of a needle.
  • This part can be moved along the common axis, in the direction of the double arrow 24 using a motor, which can be of the linear step-by-step type (not shown).
  • a motor which can be of the linear step-by-step type (not shown).
  • the inner tube 20 has at its outlet a convergent 21 whose effective section is variable thanks to the adjusted positioning of the part 23 in the shape of a needle. Refining oxygen is blown through this tube, the initial pressure of which is controlled by means of the regulating valve 22.
  • This jet passes through the outlet 25 of the inner tube, the effective outlet section being determined by the position of the needle-shaped part 23, and arrives in the outer tube 3. By entering this tube, the jet 26 is expanded.
  • the outer tube 3 provides an annular jet 6 of oxygen or possibly of air, the flow rate of which is controlled by means of the regulating valve 4 and enveloping the expanded jet 26. Since the phenomena of additional expansion of a supersonic jet and a subsonic jet, the valve 4 must at most be open to a position where the annular jet 6 becomes supersonic; otherwise the operation of the nozzle is no longer ensured. On the other hand, it is necessary to ensure that the static pressure of the jet leaving the nozzle 1 is close to the pressure prevailing in the metallurgical vessel.
  • the internal pressure of the supersonic jet increases, which causes a widening of the supersonic jet at the expense of the subsonic annular jet and the speed of the supersonic gas. returns to a value close to that observed before the needle position was changed.
  • valve 22 On the other hand is accompanied by an increase in the flow rate and the speed of the gas. We find the starting flow by decreasing with the needle the effective section of the neck 25.
  • the degree of opening of valve 4 is not a variable which can be used as desired. Its primary function is to reduce the source pressure so as to exclude the creation of a supersonic annular jet. Since a subsonic jet has, when leaving a duct, an internal pressure equal to that of the ambient medium, we are free to choose, by means of routine tests, the degree of opening of the valve which allows, for the range of flow rates and speeds of the supersonic jet, an enlargement and an optimal contraction of this jet. Once this position has been determined, the zero of comparator 40 is fixed (see further explanations in relation to FIG. 2). During the various modes of operation of the lance, the degree of opening of the valve 4 changes only slightly.
  • the diagram in fig. 2 is intended to illustrate a process for regulating the operation of the blowing lance according to the invention.
  • the driving elements are the regulating valves 22 and 4, as well as the movement mechanism of the part 23;
  • the measuring elements are the pressure sensor 30, the needle position sensor 31 and the sensor 32 of the temperature of the refining oxygen jet upstream of the converging element 21 as well as the sensor 33 which measures the pressure from the jet to the mouth 5 of the nozzle 1.
  • the two relations (1) and (2) are calculated in the function generators 42 respectively 43.
  • the inputs of the generator 42 are the pressure Pa prevailing in the converter as well as the speed (in fact the Mach Mam number) desired at l mouth 5 of the nozzle 1.
  • the pressure (calculated) Po which should prevail at the inlet of the Laval nozzle, is compared (reference 44) to the actual pressure P measured by the sensor 30 and the difference is applied to the regulator 45 which acts on the valve 22.
  • the generator 43 receives on its inputs the pressure Po which must prevail at the inlet of the Laval nozzle, the nominal flow rate Qn desired, as well as the temperature To at the inlet of the nozzle of Laval; the calculated section of the neck is compared (reference 46), to the real section of the neck measured using the position sensor 31 and the difference is applied to the regulator 47 which acts on the position of the needle 23.
  • the comparator 40 compared the outlet pressure of the jet at the pressure Pa prevailing in the converter and acts on the regulator 41, so as to cancel any pressure difference.
  • the various regulators are advantageously of the "optimal Kalman regulator" type.
  • Fig. 3 is shown schematically a variant of a variable nozzle having no moving part.
  • the cooling system is not shown.
  • the variable position needle is replaced by a coaxial subsonic gas flow 301 injected at a pressure slightly higher than the local static pressure of the central jet.
  • This subsonic "ring" has its source in an annular opening 310 machined in the converging part of the Laval nozzle 306 and connected to a toric chamber 311, pressure equalizer.
  • the chamber 311 is supplied, via the conduit 312, with a pressure which is a function of the size of the desired subsonic ring 301.
  • As the gas it is possible to choose any gas which does not react chemically with the central jet 305 and preferably oxygen or air.
  • the subsonic ring 301 is eliminated, after the passage of the neck, through a porous divergent, the holes 302 in question being machined so as to form a supersonic "filter", (ie they are "transparent" to a subsonic flow and nonexistent for supersonic flow thanks to the properties of supersonic expansion and compression).
  • the quantity of gas which thus joins the annular subsonic jet 303 is small, so as to disturb this jet only in a minor way.
  • the gas forming the annular jet 303 comes from a sampling 304 of the central jet 305 upstream of the Laval nozzle 306.
  • the quantity of gas withdrawn is negligible compared to the quantity of gas conveyed by the central jet 305.
  • the pressure at the inlet of the annular Laval nozzle 307 follows the variations in jet pressure central, variations which are strongly dampened by the combined action of the annular Laval nozzle 307 and the cavity 308 acting as an accumulator.
  • the dimensions of the annular Laval nozzle and of the cavity are chosen as a function of the operating range of the supersonic jet, as explained above in relation to the valve 4 (fig. 2); in particular, it is necessary to ensure in the downstream part of the accumulator a static pressure lower than that of the central supersonic jet.
  • range 50 is also shown an example of path 51 scanned during the blowing process, with different operating states 52, 53, 54, 55, corresponding to well-defined refining phases. It appears that instead of implementing a system as shown in FIG. 2, which makes it possible to operate the lance optimally for any operating state included in the range 50, it is also possible, by simple tests, to determine once and for all the few operating states (e.g. 52, ... 55) which is normally needed during ripening and use only these.
  • few operating states e.g. 52, ... 55
  • outer and inner tubes of substantially cylindrical shape. It is quite obvious that any shape (eg oval) allowing to respect Laval relations can be used. Similarly, instead of using a needle or a gaseous "belt", any other means can be used, leading to a change in effective section.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP87101777A 1986-02-25 1987-02-09 Lance de soufflage d'oxygène Expired - Lifetime EP0235621B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87101777T ATE77839T1 (de) 1986-02-25 1987-02-09 Sauerstoff-blaslanze.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU86322A LU86322A1 (fr) 1986-02-25 1986-02-25 Lance de soufflage d'oxygene
LU86322 1986-02-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0235621A2 EP0235621A2 (fr) 1987-09-09
EP0235621A3 EP0235621A3 (en) 1989-03-15
EP0235621B1 true EP0235621B1 (fr) 1992-07-01

Family

ID=19730647

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87101777A Expired - Lifetime EP0235621B1 (fr) 1986-02-25 1987-02-09 Lance de soufflage d'oxygène

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4730784A (ja)
EP (1) EP0235621B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH0826388B2 (ja)
AT (1) ATE77839T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU580471B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR8700867A (ja)
CA (1) CA1323758C (ja)
DE (1) DE3780042T2 (ja)
ES (1) ES2032762T3 (ja)
LU (1) LU86322A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4911744A (en) * 1987-07-09 1990-03-27 Aga A.B. Methods and apparatus for enhancing combustion and operational efficiency in a glass melting furnace
LU87353A1 (fr) * 1988-09-28 1990-04-06 Arbed Lance de soufflage d'oxygene
LU87855A1 (fr) * 1990-12-10 1992-08-25 Arbed Lance de soufflage
US6133577A (en) * 1997-02-04 2000-10-17 Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing extreme ultra-violet light for use in photolithography
DE19755876C2 (de) * 1997-12-04 2000-02-24 Mannesmann Ag Blaslanze zum Behandeln von metallischen Schmelzen und Verfahren zum Einblasen von Gasen
US6180952B1 (en) 1998-04-03 2001-01-30 Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. Holder assembly system and method in an emitted energy system for photolithography
US6065203A (en) * 1998-04-03 2000-05-23 Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. Method of manufacturing very small diameter deep passages
US6105885A (en) 1998-04-03 2000-08-22 Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. Fluid nozzle system and method in an emitted energy system for photolithography
US6194733B1 (en) 1998-04-03 2001-02-27 Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for adjustably supporting a light source for use in photolithography
IT1302798B1 (it) 1998-11-10 2000-09-29 Danieli & C Ohg Sp Dispositivo integrato per l'iniezione di ossigeno e gastecnologici e per l'insufflaggio di materiale solido in
GB0128878D0 (en) 2001-12-03 2002-01-23 Boc Group Plc Metallurgical lance and apparatus
AT411530B (de) * 2002-08-21 2004-02-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren und vorrichtung zur entkohlung einer stahlschmelze
US20090016150A1 (en) * 2007-07-13 2009-01-15 Emile Mimran Ice cream and topping mixing attachment
DE102009025873A1 (de) * 2009-05-27 2010-12-02 Saar-Metallwerke Gmbh Verwendung einer höhenkompensierenden Düse
DE102010047969A1 (de) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zur Einblasung von Gas in ein metallurgisches Gefäß
JP5273125B2 (ja) * 2010-11-04 2013-08-28 新日鐵住金株式会社 溶融金属減圧精錬用ノズル
CN102643946B (zh) * 2012-04-24 2013-11-06 北京科技大学 采用超音速氧枪喷粉脱磷的转炉炼钢方法及超音速氧枪
DE102012213927A1 (de) 2012-08-07 2013-06-06 Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Gasvorhangs, Gasdüse und EUV-Lithographiesystem damit
CN107779545A (zh) * 2017-10-25 2018-03-09 江阴市弘诺机械设备制造有限公司 一种炼钢电弧炉炉壁氧枪
CN110961044A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2020-04-07 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 一种催化裂化装置提升管用喷嘴及其应用
CN109680118B (zh) * 2019-02-27 2024-02-06 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 同轴双超音速氧流集束氧枪
KR102263289B1 (ko) * 2019-08-02 2021-06-09 주식회사 포스코 용융가스화로의 풍구 유속 조정 장치
CN111467722B (zh) * 2020-05-21 2023-07-04 南京湛泸科技有限公司 一种消防喷砂炮管及其型面的设计方法
GB2596317B (en) * 2020-06-24 2023-11-15 Douwe Egberts Bv Variable opening nozzle and beverage preparation machine

Family Cites Families (12)

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US736473A (en) * 1902-10-24 1903-08-18 Ernest M Arnold Oil-burner.
NL81050C (ja) * 1951-03-22 1956-04-16
AT174388B (de) * 1951-12-07 1953-03-25 Voest Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von mit Schlacke bedeckten Metallschmelzen durch Aufblasen von Gasen
AT216032B (de) * 1959-02-20 1961-07-10 Arbed Vorrichtung zum Beblasen eines Metallbades von oben
US3130252A (en) * 1959-02-20 1964-04-21 Arbed Lances for treatment of metal baths
LU44701A1 (ja) * 1962-12-04 1963-12-27
NL6710354A (ja) * 1966-07-27 1968-01-29
FR2108856A1 (fr) * 1970-10-13 1972-05-26 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Procede pour l'introduction de combustibles auxilliaires dans un haut fourneau et tuyere pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
US4022447A (en) * 1976-02-23 1977-05-10 United States Steel Corporation Supersonic nozzle for submerged tuyere oxygen steelmaking process
AU543552B2 (en) * 1978-12-26 1985-04-26 Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd. Gasification of solid carbonaceous materials
SE447675B (sv) * 1982-10-15 1986-12-01 Ifm Dev Ab Dysa for injektionslans
JPS59145717A (ja) * 1983-02-04 1984-08-21 ユジンヌ・アシエ 鋳鉄，特にクロム鋳鉄を脱炭するための安定した超音速流を噴出する酸素噴射ノズル

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62207815A (ja) 1987-09-12
ES2032762T3 (es) 1993-03-01
AU580471B2 (en) 1989-01-12
DE3780042T2 (de) 1992-12-24
DE3780042D1 (de) 1992-08-06
EP0235621A3 (en) 1989-03-15
LU86322A1 (fr) 1987-09-10
ATE77839T1 (de) 1992-07-15
CA1323758C (fr) 1993-11-02
BR8700867A (pt) 1987-12-22
JPH0826388B2 (ja) 1996-03-13
US4730784A (en) 1988-03-15
EP0235621A2 (fr) 1987-09-09
AU6925387A (en) 1987-08-27

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