EP0233446B1 - Hollow building block - Google Patents

Hollow building block Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0233446B1
EP0233446B1 EP86890356A EP86890356A EP0233446B1 EP 0233446 B1 EP0233446 B1 EP 0233446B1 EP 86890356 A EP86890356 A EP 86890356A EP 86890356 A EP86890356 A EP 86890356A EP 0233446 B1 EP0233446 B1 EP 0233446B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
openings
hollow moulded
block according
hollow
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86890356A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0233446A2 (en
EP0233446A3 (en
Inventor
Eduard Steindl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wienerberger Baustoffindustrie AG
Original Assignee
Wienerberger Baustoffindustrie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wienerberger Baustoffindustrie AG filed Critical Wienerberger Baustoffindustrie AG
Publication of EP0233446A2 publication Critical patent/EP0233446A2/en
Publication of EP0233446A3 publication Critical patent/EP0233446A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0233446B1 publication Critical patent/EP0233446B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hollow molded block for creating masonry or the like. Which, in addition to the load-bearing functions, is also used for heat and sound insulation, with a number of openings which run parallel to the narrow sides and in a straight line from one side surface to the opposite side surface.
  • this hollow shaped block is to guarantee maximum strength, but also good thermal insulation and sound insulation.
  • the object of the invention was to create a hollow molded block with openings which corresponds to the requirements of strength as well as that of heat and sound insulation.
  • the goal is achieved in that the perforations have an asymmetrical distribution both with regard to their arrangement and the dimensions of their cross sections.
  • the hollow molded block Due to this completely asymmetrical cross-sectional design, preferred resonant structures in the structure of the hollow molded block are avoided, as a result of which extensive freedom from resonance can be achieved in the passage of sound.
  • the hollow molded block has approximately the same rigid structure both in the wall-parallel and in the wall normal direction, so that the sound propagation in the hollow molded block has no preferred direction and thus resonance phenomena are avoided.
  • the void density can be distributed uniformly over the cross section. In this way, the occurrence of material areas with preferred sound passages is further minimized and, moreover, the production-technical advantage of a uniform flow of material through the mouthpiece and uniform drying of the hollow molded block is achieved.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is that the asymmetrical distribution of the perforations continues into the side surfaces adjacent to one another in the installed position of the hollow shaped bricks. These openings extending into the side surfaces create an asymmetrical mortar pocket arrangement with regard to arrangement, number and cross-sectional shape, which, due to the different masses of the hollow molded block material and the mortar, reduce the passage of sound through the joints of the masonry bond in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • a particularly preferred development of the invention consists in the openings being formed with essentially circular cross sections.
  • the circular cross sections create a large congruence with the spherically propagating sound waves and thus particularly favorable sound insulation conditions, and on the other hand a structure structure that is roughly the same in all directions.
  • Diameters of the circular cross sections in a range between half a centimeter and five centimeters have proven to be the optimal compromise between the required sound and heat insulation and strength. Improved thermal insulation and strength values with sound insulation values that are still greatly improved compared to the prior art are present if the diameters are in a range between two and three centimeters.
  • Yet another embodiment of the invention can consist in that the remaining web thickness between the individual openings is essentially constant, e.g. is at least 1/2 cm. In this way it is avoided that, due to webs of different thicknesses, plate structures are formed in the hollow shaped block cross-section which resonate at certain values of the sound frequency.
  • Fig. 1 shows a hollow molded block 1 in oblique view with any number of openings, of which the larger are designated 2 and the smaller 3.
  • the openings run parallel to the edge 4 of the hollow shaped block or parallel to the narrow sides 11, 12, 13 and 14 of the hollow shaped block.
  • the number of pre-shaped blocks seen breakthroughs is arbitrary, their arrangement is not subject to any law, it is completely arbitrary.
  • the cross-sectional shape in the exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is circular, but the invention is not restricted to this.
  • Cross-sectional shapes in the form of regular polygons, ellipses, and higher-order curves also fall within the scope of the present invention.
  • the asymmetrical distribution of the perforations continues into the side surfaces 12 and 14 which are adjacent to one another in the installed position of the hollow shaped bricks.
  • This also results in an arbitrary formation of mortar pockets 5 with regard to arrangement, number and cross-sectional shape.
  • the mortar bond thus created when building a masonry by means of the hollow shaped bricks according to the invention therefore shows no preferred structuring in the structure, which is further supported by the fact that when building a masonry bandage by always again varied placement of the hollow shaped blocks the mortar pockets come to lie against each other.
  • the diameter b in the openings with a circular cross section shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are in a range between 1/2 cm to 5 cm.
  • the upper limit of 5 cm is based on a conventional hollow mold thickness of about 25 cm, which is about 1/5 of the same.
  • the mutual spacing a of the circular openings 2 and 3 can be chosen to be the same everywhere, but should not be less than half a centimeter.
  • the formation of the hollow molded block according to the invention minimizes, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, the formation of mass bridges which are directly continuous from the side surface 11 to the side surface 13.
  • These direct ground bridges are resolved into a large number of successively sub-bridges with a different cross-section; in particular this maze-like dissolution of the direct earth bridges causes the desired significantly improved sound damping behavior.
  • By choosing circular cross-sections for the openings the occurrence of resonances in the course of the sound attenuation curve can be avoided with regard to the spherical propagation of the sound.
  • the ratio of void fraction to mass fraction 1: 1 is preferably selected in the hollow molded block according to the invention.
  • the invention is not limited to this embodiment, rather it is e.g. by varying the void fraction to mass fraction, it is possible to suppress certain sound resonances in a frequency-selective manner.
  • a further advantage of the hollow molded block according to the invention is that one can compensate for a predetermined frequency range or, at a certain frequency, a drop in the damping by distributing and selecting the diameter.
  • the curve shape of the damping curve can be changed.
  • the way in which the hollow shaped bricks according to the invention are produced remains the same as for the known hollow bricks, namely that a strand is pressed which has the opening structure according to the invention. Then the strand is e.g. separated into individual stones in a harp cutter and the raw stones thus fired or allowed to harden.
  • the advantage due to the breakthrough structure according to the invention. that the hollow molded block according to the invention both in the wall parallel direction, i.e. from the wall surface 11 to the wall surface 13, as well as in the wall normal direction, i.e.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Walking Sticks, Umbrellas, And Fans (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

1. Hollow moulded block for the erection of a masonry structure or the like which, apart from the load-bearing functions, also serves for the insulation of heat and sound, having a number of openings, which run parallel to the narrow sides and in straight lines in each case from one side face to the opposite side face, characterized in that the openings have an unsymmetrical distribution both with regard to their arrangement and also with regard to the dimensions of their cross-sections.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hohlformstein zur Erstellung eines Mauerwerks od. dgl., der außer den tragenden Funktionen auch zur Wärme- und Schallisolierung dient, mit einer Anzahl von Durchbrechungen, die parallel zu den Schmalseiten und geradlinig jeweils von einer Seitenfläche zur gegenüberliegenden Seitenfläche verlaufen.The invention relates to a hollow molded block for creating masonry or the like. Which, in addition to the load-bearing functions, is also used for heat and sound insulation, with a number of openings which run parallel to the narrow sides and in a straight line from one side surface to the opposite side surface.

Dieser Hohlformstein hat den Zweck, ein Höchstmaß an Festigkeit, aber auch gute Wärmedämmung und Schallisolierung zu garantieren.The purpose of this hollow shaped block is to guarantee maximum strength, but also good thermal insulation and sound insulation.

Es ist bekannt, Ziegel herzustellen, die aus Ziegelmasse bestehen und zur Erstellung von Mauerwerken dienen. Soweit es sich um im Freien stehende Mauern handelt, erfüllen diese den Zweck vollauf. Werden jedoch höhere Ansprüche inbezug auf Wärmedämmung und Schallisolierung gestellt, so genügen diese Vollziegel nicht. Man ist deshalb zu Hohlblockziegeln übergegangen, die enen entscheidenden Vorteil gegenüber den Vollziegeln aufweisen, da diese ein gewisses Maß an Wärme- und auch Schallisolierungen erfüllen. Diese Hohlblockziegeln bestehen aus einer Anzahl von Durchbrechungen, die als runde Löcher, aber auch als Langlöcher ausgebildet sind. Auch Rechteckformen oder ähnliche Querschnitte sind bekannt. Sie sind aber allesamt regelmäßig aufgeteilt angeordnet, da nur der enthaltene Luftraum für die Wärmeisolierung ausschlaggebend ist.It is known to produce bricks that consist of brick mass and are used to create masonry. As far as the walls are in the open, they fully serve the purpose. However, if higher demands are made with regard to thermal insulation and sound insulation, these solid bricks are not sufficient. One has therefore switched to hollow block bricks, which have a decisive advantage over solid bricks, since they fulfill a certain degree of heat and sound insulation. These hollow block bricks consist of a number of openings, which are designed as round holes, but also as elongated holes. Rectangular shapes or similar cross sections are also known. However, they are all arranged regularly, since only the air space contained is decisive for the thermal insulation.

Nachteilig wirkt sich jedoch die Tatsache aus, daß sich gerade bei solchen regelmäßigen wandparallelen Durchbrechungen eine ungünstige Schallisolierung einstellt. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß sich zufolge der Geometrie dieser bekannten Steine Resonanzen ergeben, die als störend empfunden werden.However, the fact that unfavorable sound insulation arises precisely with such regular openings parallel to the wall has a disadvantageous effect. It has been shown that due to the geometry of these known stones there are resonances which are perceived as disturbing.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik lag der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Hohlformstein mit Durchbrechungen zu schaffen, der sowohl den Anforderungen der Festigkeit, als auch der der Wärme- und Schallisolierung entspricht.On the basis of this prior art, the object of the invention was to create a hollow molded block with openings which corresponds to the requirements of strength as well as that of heat and sound insulation.

Erfindungsgemäß wird das Ziel dadurch erreicht, daß die Durchbrechungen eine unsymmetrische Verteilung sowohl hinsichtlich ihrer Anordnung, als auch der Dimensionen ihrer Querschnitte aufweisen.According to the invention, the goal is achieved in that the perforations have an asymmetrical distribution both with regard to their arrangement and the dimensions of their cross sections.

Durch diese völlig unsymmetrische Querschnittsgestaltung sind bevorzugte resonanzfähige Strukturen im Aufbau des Hohlformsteines vermieden, wodurch eine weitgehende Resonanzfreiheit beim Durchgang von Schall erzielt werden kann. Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau weist der Hohlformstein sowohl in wandparalleler als auch in wandnormaler Richtung eine etwa gleiche steife Struktur auf, so daß im Hohlformstein der Schallausbreitung keine bevorzugte Richtung zukommt und somit Resonanzerscheinungen vermieden werden.Due to this completely asymmetrical cross-sectional design, preferred resonant structures in the structure of the hollow molded block are avoided, as a result of which extensive freedom from resonance can be achieved in the passage of sound. As a result of the structure according to the invention, the hollow molded block has approximately the same rigid structure both in the wall-parallel and in the wall normal direction, so that the sound propagation in the hollow molded block has no preferred direction and thus resonance phenomena are avoided.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann die Hohlraumdichte über den Querschnitt gleichmäßig verteilt sein. Hiedurch wird das Auftreten von Materialbereichen mit bevorzugten Schalldurchgängen weiter minimiert und darüberhinaus der produktionstechnische Vorteil eines gleichmäßigen Materialflusses durch das Mundstück und eine gleichmäßige Austrocknung des Hohlformsteines erzielt.In a further development of the invention, the void density can be distributed uniformly over the cross section. In this way, the occurrence of material areas with preferred sound passages is further minimized and, moreover, the production-technical advantage of a uniform flow of material through the mouthpiece and uniform drying of the hollow molded block is achieved.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, daß sich die unsymmetrische Verteilung der Durchbrechungen bis in die an den in Einbaulage der Hohlformsteine einander benachbarten Seitenflächen fortsetzt. Diese bis in die Seitenflächen reichenden Durchbrechungen schaffen hinsichtlich Anordnung, Zahl und Querschnittsform unsymmetrische Mörteltaschenanordnung, welche zufolge der unterschiedlichen Massen des Hohlformsteinmaterials und des Mörtels den Schalldurchgang durch die Fugen des Mauerwerkverbandes in besonders vorteilhafter Weise mindern.A preferred embodiment of the invention is that the asymmetrical distribution of the perforations continues into the side surfaces adjacent to one another in the installed position of the hollow shaped bricks. These openings extending into the side surfaces create an asymmetrical mortar pocket arrangement with regard to arrangement, number and cross-sectional shape, which, due to the different masses of the hollow molded block material and the mortar, reduce the passage of sound through the joints of the masonry bond in a particularly advantageous manner.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die Durchbrechungen mit im wesentlichen kreisrunden Querschnitten ausgebildet sind. Einerseits schaffen die kreisrunden Querschnitte eine weitgehende Kongruenz mit den sich kugelförmig ausbreitenden Schallwellen und somit besonders günstige Schalldämmungsverhältnisse und andererseits einen in allen Richtungen etwa gleich steifen Strukturaufbau.A particularly preferred development of the invention consists in the openings being formed with essentially circular cross sections. On the one hand, the circular cross sections create a large congruence with the spherically propagating sound waves and thus particularly favorable sound insulation conditions, and on the other hand a structure structure that is roughly the same in all directions.

Durchmesser der kreisrunden Querschnitte in einem Bereich zwischen einem halben und fünf Zentimeter haben sich als optimaler Kompromiß zwischen erforderlicher Schall-und Wärmedämmung sowie Festigkeit herausgestellt. Verbesserte Wärmedämmungs- und Festigkeitswerte bei nach wie vor gegenüber dem Stand der Technik stark verbesserten Schalldämmungswerten liegen vor, wenn die Durchmesser in einem Bereich zwischen zwei und drei Zentimeter liegen.Diameters of the circular cross sections in a range between half a centimeter and five centimeters have proven to be the optimal compromise between the required sound and heat insulation and strength. Improved thermal insulation and strength values with sound insulation values that are still greatly improved compared to the prior art are present if the diameters are in a range between two and three centimeters.

Wieder eine andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann darin bestehen, daß die verbleibende Stegdicke zwischen den einzelnen Durchbrechungen im wesentlichen konstant ist, z.B. wenigstens 1/2 cm beträgt. Hierdurch wird vermieden, daß sich zufolge unterschiedlich dicker Stege im Hohlformsteinquerschnitt Plattenstrukturen ausbilden, die bei beistimmten Werten der Schallfrequenz in Resonanz schwingen.Yet another embodiment of the invention can consist in that the remaining web thickness between the individual openings is essentially constant, e.g. is at least 1/2 cm. In this way it is avoided that, due to webs of different thicknesses, plate structures are formed in the hollow shaped block cross-section which resonate at certain values of the sound frequency.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann auch so vorgegangen werden, daß das Verhältnis von Hohlraumanteilen zu Massenanteil 1:1 ist, gegebenenfalls der Masseanteil geringfügig überwiegend ist. Hierdurch wird für die üblichen Schallschutzanforderungen (Resonanzverhältnis) sowohl hinsichtlich wirschaftlicher Herstellbarkeit als auch hinsichtlich Festigkeit und Wärmedämmung eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform erreicht.In a further development of the invention it is also possible to proceed in such a way that the ratio of void proportions to mass fraction is 1: 1, if appropriate the mass fraction is slightly predominant. This achieves a particularly advantageous embodiment for the usual soundproofing requirements (resonance ratio) both with regard to economical producibility and with regard to strength and thermal insulation.

Nachstehend ist die Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung beispielsweise erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig.1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Hohlformstein im Schrägriß und
  • Fig.2 eine Teilansicht einer Draufsicht auf den Hohlformstein gemäß Fig. 1.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, for example. It shows:
  • 1 shows a hollow shaped block according to the invention in oblique outline and
  • 2 shows a partial view of a plan view of the hollow shaped block according to FIG. 1.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Hohlformstein 1 im Schrägriß mit einer beliebigen Anzahl von Durchbrechungen, von welchen die größeren mit 2 und die kleineren mit 3 bezeichnet sind. Die Durchbrechungen verlaufen parallel zur Kante 4 des Hohlformsteines bzw. parallel zu den Schmalseiten 11,12,13 und 14 des Hohlformsteines. Die Anzahl der pro Hohlformstein vorgesehenen Durchbrechungen ist beliebig, deren Anordnung unterliegt keiner Gesetzmäßigkeit, sie erfolgt völlig willkürlich. Die Querschnittsform bei dem in Fig.1 und 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist kreisförmig, wobei die Erfindung aber hierauf nicht beschränkt ist. Ebenso fallen in den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung Querschnittsformen in Form von regelmäßigen Vielecken, Ellipsen, Kurven höherer Ordnung. Die gleichzeitige Realisierung von Durchbrechungen unterschiedlicher Querschnittsformen an ein und demselben Hohlformstein fällt gleichfalls in den Rahmen vorliegender Erfindung. Als vorteilhaft in diesem Zusammenhang hat es sich erwiesen, wenn die Hohlraumdichte über den Querschnitt gleichmäßig verteilt ist, d.h. daß pro Flächeneinheit der Querschnittsfläche im wesentlichen gleiche Hohlraumteile vorliegen.Fig. 1 shows a hollow molded block 1 in oblique view with any number of openings, of which the larger are designated 2 and the smaller 3. The openings run parallel to the edge 4 of the hollow shaped block or parallel to the narrow sides 11, 12, 13 and 14 of the hollow shaped block. The number of pre-shaped blocks seen breakthroughs is arbitrary, their arrangement is not subject to any law, it is completely arbitrary. The cross-sectional shape in the exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is circular, but the invention is not restricted to this. Cross-sectional shapes in the form of regular polygons, ellipses, and higher-order curves also fall within the scope of the present invention. The simultaneous realization of breakthroughs of different cross-sectional shapes on one and the same hollow molded block also falls within the scope of the present invention. It has proven to be advantageous in this context if the void density is evenly distributed over the cross-section, ie essentially the same void parts are present per unit area of the cross-sectional area.

Wie aus den Fig. 1 und 2 ersichtlich setzt sich die unsymmetrische Verteilung der Durchbrechungen bis in die an den in Einbaulage der Hohlformsteine aneinander benachbarten Seitenflächen 12 und 14 fort. Hierdurch entsteht eine gleichfalls hinsichtlich Anordnung, Anzahl und Querschnittsform willkürliche Ausbildung von Mörteltaschen 5. Der solcherart zustande kommende Mörtelverband beim Aufbau eines Mauerwerkes vermittels der erfindungsgemäßen Hohlformsteine zeigt daher keine bevorzugten Strukturierungen im Aufbau, was noch dadurch unterstützt wird, daß beim Aufbau eines Mauerwerkverbandes durch immer wieder variiertes Aneinanderlegen der Hohlformsteine die Mörteltaschen variiert aneinander zu liegen kommen.As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the asymmetrical distribution of the perforations continues into the side surfaces 12 and 14 which are adjacent to one another in the installed position of the hollow shaped bricks. This also results in an arbitrary formation of mortar pockets 5 with regard to arrangement, number and cross-sectional shape. The mortar bond thus created when building a masonry by means of the hollow shaped bricks according to the invention therefore shows no preferred structuring in the structure, which is further supported by the fact that when building a masonry bandage by always again varied placement of the hollow shaped blocks the mortar pockets come to lie against each other.

Der Durchmesser b bei dem in den Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten Durchbrechungen mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt liegen in einem Bereich zwischen 1/2 cm bis 5 cm. Die obere Grenze von 5 cm ist orientiert an einer üblichen Hohlformstärke von etwa 25 cm, beträgt also etwa 1/5 derselben. Der gegenseitige Abstand a der kreisförmigen Durchbrechungen 2 bzw. 3 kann überall gleich groß gewählt werden, wobei allerdings ein halber Zentimeter nicht unterschritten werden soll.The diameter b in the openings with a circular cross section shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are in a range between 1/2 cm to 5 cm. The upper limit of 5 cm is based on a conventional hollow mold thickness of about 25 cm, which is about 1/5 of the same. The mutual spacing a of the circular openings 2 and 3 can be chosen to be the same everywhere, but should not be less than half a centimeter.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung des Hohlformsteines minimiert, wie die Fig. 1 und 2 erkennen lassen die Ausbildung von von der Seitenfläche 11 zur Seitenfläche 13 direkt durchgehende Massebrücken. Diese direkten Massebrücken sind in eine große Anzahl von immer weiter anderer Orientierung aufeinanderfolgenden Teilbrücken immer weider anderen Querschnitts aufgelöst; insbesondere diese irrgartenähnliche Auflösung der direkten Massebrücken bedingt das erwünschte wesentlich verbesserte Schalldämpfungsverhalten. Durch die Wahl von kreisförmigen Querschnitten für die Durchbrechungen kann im Hinblick auf die kugelförmige Ausbreitung des Schalls das Auftreten von Resonanzen im Verlauf der Schalldämpfungskurve vermieden werden.The formation of the hollow molded block according to the invention minimizes, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, the formation of mass bridges which are directly continuous from the side surface 11 to the side surface 13. These direct ground bridges are resolved into a large number of successively sub-bridges with a different cross-section; in particular this maze-like dissolution of the direct earth bridges causes the desired significantly improved sound damping behavior. By choosing circular cross-sections for the openings, the occurrence of resonances in the course of the sound attenuation curve can be avoided with regard to the spherical propagation of the sound.

Bevorzugt wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hohlformstein das Verhältnis von Hohlraumanteil zu Masseanteil 1:1 gewählt. Die Erfindung ist jedoch auf diese Ausführungsform nicht beschränkt, vielmehr ist es z.B. auch durch die Variation von Hohlraumanteil zu Masseanteil möglich, frequenzselektiv bestimmte Schallresonanzen zu unterdrücken.The ratio of void fraction to mass fraction 1: 1 is preferably selected in the hollow molded block according to the invention. However, the invention is not limited to this embodiment, rather it is e.g. by varying the void fraction to mass fraction, it is possible to suppress certain sound resonances in a frequency-selective manner.

Ein weiterer Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Hohlformsteines ist, daß man sich durch Verteilung und Wahl der Durchmesser einen vorgegebenen Frequenzbereich bzw. bei einer bestimmten Frequenz vorliegenden Einbruch der Dämpfung kompensieren. Durch die Gestaltung der Geometrie des Querschnittes kann man die Kurvenform des Dämpfungsverlaufes verändern.A further advantage of the hollow molded block according to the invention is that one can compensate for a predetermined frequency range or, at a certain frequency, a drop in the damping by distributing and selecting the diameter. By designing the geometry of the cross section, the curve shape of the damping curve can be changed.

Die Herstellungsweise der erindungsgemäßen Hohlformsteine bleibt dieselbe wie für die bekannten Hohlblocksteine, nämlich daß man einen Strang preßt, der die erfindungsgemäße Durchbrechungsstruktur aufweist. Danach wird der Strang z.B. in einem Harfen-Abschneider in Einzelsteine getrennt und die so roh erstellten Steine gebrannt bzw. aushärten gelassen. Der durch die erfindungsgemäße Durchbrechungsstruktur bedingte Vorteil. daß der erfindungsgemäße Hohlformstein sowohl in wandparalleler Richtung, d.h. von der Wandfläche 11 zur Wandfläche 13, als auch in wandnormaler Richtung, d.h. in Richtung von der Wandfläche 14 zur Wandfläche 12 eine etwa gleich steife Struktur aufweist, erleichtert das Herstellungsverfahren insoferne, als dieses nunmehr im wesentlichen davon unabhängig ist, ob der Strang nach dem Austritt aus der Düse aus den Wandflächen 11 bzw. 13 oder den Wandflächen 14 bzw. 12 abgelegt wird. Auch eine Manipulation des noch nicht getrockneten oder bereits abgelegten Hohlformsteines wird durch diesen erfindungsgemäßen Vorteil wesentlich erleichtert.The way in which the hollow shaped bricks according to the invention are produced remains the same as for the known hollow bricks, namely that a strand is pressed which has the opening structure according to the invention. Then the strand is e.g. separated into individual stones in a harp cutter and the raw stones thus fired or allowed to harden. The advantage due to the breakthrough structure according to the invention. that the hollow molded block according to the invention both in the wall parallel direction, i.e. from the wall surface 11 to the wall surface 13, as well as in the wall normal direction, i.e. In the direction from the wall surface 14 to the wall surface 12 has an approximately equally stiff structure, the manufacturing process is facilitated insofar as this is now essentially independent of whether the strand emerges from the wall surfaces 11 or 13 or the wall surfaces 14 after exiting the nozzle or 12 is filed. Manipulation of the hollow shaped block which has not yet dried or has already been deposited is also made considerably easier by this advantage according to the invention.

Claims (7)

1. Hollow moulded block for the erection of a masonry structure or the like which, apart from the load-bearing functions, also serves for the insulation of heat and sound, having a number of openings, which run parallel to the narrow sides and in straight lines in each case from one side face to the opposite side face, characterized in that the openings have an unsymmetrical distribution both with regard to their arrangement and also with regard to the dimensions of their cross-sections.
2. Hollow moulded block according to Claim 1, characterized in that the density of voids is distributed evenly over the cross-section.
3. Hollow moulded block according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the unsymmetrical distribution of the openings continues into the side faces adjacent to one another in installation position of the hollow moulded blocks.
4. Hollow moulded block according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the openings are designed with substantially circular cross-sections.
5. Hollow moulded block according to Claim 4, characterized in that the diametres of the opening cross-sections lie in a range between one half and 5 centimetres, preferably between two and three centimetres.
6. Hollow moulded block according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the remaining thickness of land between the individual openings is substantially constant, for example at least 4 cm.
7. Hollow moulded block according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ratio of the proportion of voids to the proportion of mass is 1:1, if appropriate the proportion of mass is slightly predominant.
EP86890356A 1986-02-20 1986-12-23 Hollow building block Expired - Lifetime EP0233446B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT454/86 1986-02-20
AT0045486A AT389548B (en) 1986-02-20 1986-02-20 HOLLOW STONE

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0233446A2 EP0233446A2 (en) 1987-08-26
EP0233446A3 EP0233446A3 (en) 1987-12-09
EP0233446B1 true EP0233446B1 (en) 1990-01-10

Family

ID=3491044

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86890356A Expired - Lifetime EP0233446B1 (en) 1986-02-20 1986-12-23 Hollow building block

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0233446B1 (en)
AT (2) AT389548B (en)
DE (1) DE3668202D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT400458B (en) * 1988-01-18 1996-01-25 Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag PERFORATED BRICK
DE59708722D1 (en) * 1996-07-02 2002-12-19 Zellweger Luwa Ag Uster METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING FOREIGN PARTS IN A FIBER CURRENT MADE OF PRIMARY TEXTILE FIBERS

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH155358A (en) * 1931-06-23 1932-06-30 Droz Alfred Building brick.
GB694732A (en) * 1949-09-02 1953-07-29 Suedbau Sueddeutsche Bautechni Hollow building block
DE802951C (en) * 1949-11-12 1951-02-26 Dachziegelwerke E C Spingler G Multi-perforated brick made of fired clay or other materials with staggered perforations

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT389548B (en) 1989-12-27
EP0233446A2 (en) 1987-08-26
ATA45486A (en) 1989-05-15
DE3668202D1 (en) 1990-02-15
EP0233446A3 (en) 1987-12-09
ATE49439T1 (en) 1990-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AT410688B (en) COMPONENT
EP1568827A1 (en) Method and means for manufacturing concrete elements.
EP0599283B1 (en) Vertically perforated lightweight brick
EP0001076B1 (en) Hollow building block
EP0051101B1 (en) Cement slab, and process and device for producing the same
DE4143387C2 (en) Process for the production of moldings, in particular insulation boards
EP0233446B1 (en) Hollow building block
AT400458B (en) PERFORATED BRICK
DE3744037C2 (en) Shell of a formwork block made of plastic foam, in particular polystyrene foam
DE19807040B4 (en) Wärmedämmverfüllziegel
DE2719860A1 (en) Heat and sound insulated cavity type wall brick - has smaller cavities near edges and wiper ones further spaced
DE3100642A1 (en) Hollow block
DE4409763C1 (en) Lightweight building block
EP0606625B1 (en) Lining brick
DE8916179U1 (en) Building element for buildings
DE19616622B4 (en) Kit for creating retaining walls
DE10300024A1 (en) Construction element for house and office building has insulating component with structured surface which with concrete mix introduced between it and reinforcing netting forms outer support component
EP0584455B1 (en) Vertically perforated lightweight brick
AT390090B (en) BLOCK
DE3402541A1 (en) Perforated block, in particular large building block
DE2461866A1 (en) Hollow block panel insulated composite concrete sheathing wall - with grooves on blocks and cladding panels engaged by lugs on insulating panels
DE19804729A1 (en) Lightweight rectangular building block with several blind slits
CH692992A5 (en) Thermal insulation, supporting component.
DE3914942A1 (en) Building structural element - has thermal insulating panel which forms shuttering for attached reinforced concrete panel
DE807430C (en) Hollow block

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT CH DE IT LI NL

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT CH DE IT LI NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19880118

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19890329

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE IT LI NL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 19900110

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19900110

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 49439

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19900115

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3668202

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19900215

NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19901223

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20021211

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20030219

Year of fee payment: 17

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20031231

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20031231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040701

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL