EP0233446A2 - Hollow building block - Google Patents

Hollow building block Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0233446A2
EP0233446A2 EP86890356A EP86890356A EP0233446A2 EP 0233446 A2 EP0233446 A2 EP 0233446A2 EP 86890356 A EP86890356 A EP 86890356A EP 86890356 A EP86890356 A EP 86890356A EP 0233446 A2 EP0233446 A2 EP 0233446A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
openings
hollow
hollow shaped
block according
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP86890356A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0233446A3 (en
EP0233446B1 (en
Inventor
Eduard Steindl
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Wienerberger Baustoffindustrie AG
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Wienerberger Baustoffindustrie AG
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Publication of EP0233446A3 publication Critical patent/EP0233446A3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Hohlfprmstein for creating masonry or the like. Which, in addition to the load-bearing functions, is also used for heat and sound insulation, with a number of openings which each run straight from one side surface to the opposite side surface.
  • this hollow molded block is to guarantee maximum strength, but also good thermal insulation and sound insulation.
  • the object of the invention was to create a hollow molded block with openings which corresponds to the requirements of strength as well as that of heat and sound insulation.
  • the aim is achieved in that the openings have an asymmetrical distribution both with regard to their arrangement and their cross sections.
  • the hollow molded block Due to this completely asymmetrical cross-sectional design, preferred resonant structures in the structure of the hollow molded block are avoided, which means that there is largely no resonance can be achieved in the passage of sound.
  • the hollow molded block has an approximately identical structure both in the wall-parallel and in the wall normal direction, so that the sound propagation in the hollow molded block has no preferred direction and thus resonance phenomena are avoided.
  • the void density can be distributed uniformly over the cross section. In this way, the occurrence of material areas with preferred sound passages is further minimized and, moreover, the production-technical advantage of a uniform flow of material through the mouthpiece and uniform drying of the hollow molded block is achieved.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is that the asymmetrical distribution of the perforations continues into the side surfaces adjacent to one another in the installed position of the hollow shaped bricks. These openings extending into the side surfaces create an asymmetrical mortar pocket arrangement with regard to arrangement, number and cross-sectional shape, which, due to the different masses of the hollow molded block material and the mortar, reduce the passage of sound through the joints of the masonry bond in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • a particularly preferred development of the invention consists in the openings being formed with essentially circular cross sections.
  • the circular cross sections create a large congruence with the spherically propagating sound waves and thus particularly favorable sound insulation conditions, and on the other hand a structure structure that is roughly the same in all directions.
  • Diameters of the circular cross sections in a range between half a centimeter and five centimeters have proven to be the optimal compromise between the required sound and heat insulation and strength. Improved thermal insulation and strength values with sound insulation values that are still greatly improved compared to the prior art are present if the diameters are in a range between two and three centimeters.
  • Yet another embodiment of the invention can consist in that the remaining web thickness between the individual openings is essentially constant, e.g. is at least 1/2 cm. In this way it is avoided that, due to webs of different thicknesses, plate structures are formed in the hollow shaped block cross-section which resonate at certain values of the sound frequency.
  • Fig. 1 shows a hollow block 1 in oblique view with a be arbitrary number of openings, of which the larger ones are labeled 2 and the smaller ones are labeled 3.
  • the openings run parallel to the edge 4 of the hollow molded block or parallel to the narrow sides 11, 12, 13 and 14 of the hollow molded block.
  • the number of perforations provided per hollow block is arbitrary, their arrangement is not subject to any law, it is completely arbitrary.
  • the cross-sectional shape in the exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is circular, but the invention is not restricted to this. Cross-sectional shapes in the form of regular polygons, ellipses, and higher-order curves also fall within the scope of the present invention.
  • the asymmetrical distribution of the perforations continues into the side surfaces 12 and 14 which are adjacent to one another in the installed position of the hollow shaped bricks.
  • This also results in an arbitrary formation of mortar pockets 5 with regard to arrangement, number and cross-sectional shape.
  • the mortar bond thus created when building masonry by means of the hollow shaped bricks according to the invention therefore does not show any preferred structuring in the structure, which is further supported by the fact that when building a masonry bandage by always again varied placement of the hollow shaped blocks the mortar pockets come to lie against each other.
  • the diameter b in the openings with circular cross section shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are in a range between 1/2 cm to 5 cm.
  • the upper limit of 5 cm is based on a usual hollow mold thickness of about 25 cm, is about 1/5 of the same.
  • the mutual spacing a of the circular openings 2 and 3 can be chosen to be the same everywhere, but should not be less than half a centimeter.
  • the formation of the hollow molded block according to the invention minimizes, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, the formation of mass bridges which are continuous from the side surface 11 to the side surface 13.
  • These direct ground bridges are resolved into a large number of successive partial bridges, always with different orientations, with ever different cross sections; in particular this maze-like dissolution of the direct earth bridges causes the desired significantly improved sound damping behavior.
  • By choosing circular cross-sections for the openings the occurrence of resonances in the course of the sound attenuation curve can be avoided with regard to the spherical propagation of the sound.
  • the ratio of void fraction to mass fraction 1: 1 is preferably selected in the hollow molded block according to the invention.
  • the invention is not limited to this embodiment, rather it is e.g. by varying the void fraction to mass fraction, it is possible to suppress certain sound resonances in a frequency-selective manner.
  • a further advantage of the hollow molded block according to the invention is that one can compensate for a predetermined frequency range or, at a certain frequency, a drop in the damping by distributing and selecting the diameter.
  • the curve shape of the damping curve can be changed.
  • the method of manufacturing the hollow shaped blocks according to the invention remains the same as for the known hollow blocks, namely that one extrudes a strand that the through according to the invention has refractive structure.
  • the strand is then cut into individual stones, for example in a harp cutter, and the stones thus prepared are fired or allowed to harden.
  • the hollow molded block according to the invention has an approximately equally rigid structure both in the wall-parallel direction, ie from the wall surface 11 to the wall surface 13, and in the wall normal direction, ie in the direction from the wall surface 14 to the wall surface 12, simplifies the manufacturing process insofar as this is now in the it is essentially independent of whether the strand is deposited after exiting the nozzle from the wall surfaces 11 or 13 or the wall surfaces 14 or 12.
  • Manipulation of the hollow shaped stone which has not yet dried or has already been deposited is also considerably facilitated by this advantage according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Walking Sticks, Umbrellas, And Fans (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

1. Hollow moulded block for the erection of a masonry structure or the like which, apart from the load-bearing functions, also serves for the insulation of heat and sound, having a number of openings, which run parallel to the narrow sides and in straight lines in each case from one side face to the opposite side face, characterized in that the openings have an unsymmetrical distribution both with regard to their arrangement and also with regard to the dimensions of their cross-sections.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hohlfprmstein zur Erstellung eines Mauerwerks od. dgl., der außer den tragenden Funktionen auch zur Wärme- und Schallisolierung dient, mit einer Anzahl von Durchbrechungen, die geradlinig jeweils von einer Seiten­fläche zur gegenüberliegenden Seitenfläche verlaufen.The invention relates to a Hohlfprmstein for creating masonry or the like. Which, in addition to the load-bearing functions, is also used for heat and sound insulation, with a number of openings which each run straight from one side surface to the opposite side surface.

Dieser Hohlformstein hat den Zweck, ein Höchstmaß an Festig­keit, aber auch gute Wärmedämmung und Schallisolierung zu garantieren.The purpose of this hollow molded block is to guarantee maximum strength, but also good thermal insulation and sound insulation.

Es ist bekannt, Ziegel herzustellen, die aus Ziegelmasse be­stehen und zur Erstellung von Mauerwerken dienen. Soweit es sich um im Freien stehende Mauern handelt, erfüllen diese den Zweck vollauf. Werden jedoch höhere Ansprüche inbezug auf Wärmedämmung und Schallisolierung gestellt, so genügen diese Vollziegel nicht. Man ist deshalb zu Hohlblockziegeln übergegangen, die enen entscheidenden Vorteil gegenüber den Vollziegeln aufweisen, da diese ein gewisses Maß an Wärme- und auch Schallisolierungen erfüllen. Diese Hohlblockziegeln be­stehen aus einer Anzahl von Durchbrechungen, die als runde Löcher, aber auch als Langlöcher ausgebildet sind. Auch Rechteckformen oder ähnliche Querschnitte sind bekannt. Sie sind aber allesamt regelmäßig aufgeteilt angeordnet, da nur der enthaltene Luftraum für die Wärmeisolierung ausschlag­gebend ist.It is known to produce bricks that consist of brick mass and are used to create masonry. As far as the walls are in the open, they fully serve the purpose. However, if higher demands are made with regard to thermal insulation and sound insulation, these solid bricks are not sufficient. One has therefore switched to hollow block bricks, which have a decisive advantage over solid bricks, since they fulfill a certain degree of heat and sound insulation. These hollow block bricks consist of a number of openings, which are designed as round holes, but also as elongated holes. Rectangular shapes or similar cross sections are also known. However, they are all arranged regularly, since only the air space contained is decisive for the heat insulation.

Nachteilig wirkt sich jedoch die Tatsache aus, daß sich gerade bei solchen regelmäßigen wandparallelen Durchbrechungen eine ungünstige Schallisolierung einstellt. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß sich zufolge der Geometrie dieser bekannten Steine Re­sonanzen ergeben, die als störend empfunden werden.However, the fact that unfavorable sound insulation arises precisely with such regular openings parallel to the wall has a disadvantageous effect. It has been shown that due to the geometry of these known stones there are resonances which are perceived as disturbing.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik lag der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Hohlformstein mit Durchbrechungen zu schaffen, der sowohl den Anforderungen der Festigkeit, als auch der der Wärme- und Schallisolierung entspricht.On the basis of this prior art, the object of the invention was to create a hollow molded block with openings which corresponds to the requirements of strength as well as that of heat and sound insulation.

Erfindungsgemäß wird das Ziel dadurch erreicht, daß die Durch­brechungen eine unsymmetrische Verteilung sowohl hinsichtlich ihrer Anordnung, als auch ihrer Querschnitte aufweisen.According to the invention, the aim is achieved in that the openings have an asymmetrical distribution both with regard to their arrangement and their cross sections.

Durch diese völlig unsymmetrische Querschnittsgestaltung sind bevorzugte resonanzfähige Strukturen im Aufbau des Hohlform­steines vermieden, wodurch eine weitgehende Resonanzfreiheit beim Durchgang von Schall erzielt werden kann. Durch den er­findungsgemäßen Aufbau weist der Hohlformstein sowohl in wand­paralleler als auch in wandnormaler Richtung eine etwa gleiche ateife Struktur auf, so daß im Hohlformstein der Schallausbrei­tung keine bevorzugte Richtung zukommt und somit Resonanzer­scheinungen vermieden werden.Due to this completely asymmetrical cross-sectional design, preferred resonant structures in the structure of the hollow molded block are avoided, which means that there is largely no resonance can be achieved in the passage of sound. As a result of the structure according to the invention, the hollow molded block has an approximately identical structure both in the wall-parallel and in the wall normal direction, so that the sound propagation in the hollow molded block has no preferred direction and thus resonance phenomena are avoided.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann die Hohlraumdichte über den Querschnitt gleichmäßig verteilt sein. Hiedurch wird das Auf­treten von Materialbereichen mit bevorzugten Schalldurchgängen weiter minimiert und darüberhinaus der produktionstechnische Vorteil eines gleichmäßigen Materialflusses durch das Mund­stück und eine gleichmäßige Austrocknung des Hohlformsteines erzielt.In a further development of the invention, the void density can be distributed uniformly over the cross section. In this way, the occurrence of material areas with preferred sound passages is further minimized and, moreover, the production-technical advantage of a uniform flow of material through the mouthpiece and uniform drying of the hollow molded block is achieved.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, daß sich die unsymmetrische Verteilung der Durchbrechungen bis in die an den in Einbaulage der Hohlformsteine einander benachbarten Seitenflächen fortsetzt. Diese bis in die Seiten­flächen reichenden Durchbrechungen schaffen hinsichtlich Anordnung, Zahl und Querschnittsform unsymmetrische Mörtel­taschenanordnung, welche zufolge der unterschiedlichen Massen des Hohlformsteinmaterials und des Mörtels den Schalldurch­gang durch die Fugen des Mauerwerkverbandes in besonders vorteilhafter Weise mindern.A preferred embodiment of the invention is that the asymmetrical distribution of the perforations continues into the side surfaces adjacent to one another in the installed position of the hollow shaped bricks. These openings extending into the side surfaces create an asymmetrical mortar pocket arrangement with regard to arrangement, number and cross-sectional shape, which, due to the different masses of the hollow molded block material and the mortar, reduce the passage of sound through the joints of the masonry bond in a particularly advantageous manner.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die Durchbrechungen mit im wesentlichen kreisrun­den Querschnitten ausgebildet sind. Einerseits schaffen die kreisrunden Querschnitte eine weitgehende Kongruenz mit den sich kugelförmig ausbreitenden Schallwellen und somit beson­ders günstige Schalldämmungsverhältnisse und andererseits einen in allen Richtungen etwa gleich steifen Strukturaufbau. Durchmesser der kreisrunden Querschnitte in einem Bereich zwischen einem halben und fünf Zentimeter haben sich als optimaler Kompromiß zwischen erforderlicher Schall-und Wärme­dämmung sowie Festigkeit herausgestellt. Verbesserte Wärmedämmungs- und Festigkeitswerte bei nach wie vor gegenüber dem Stand der Technik stark verbesserten Schalldämmungswerten liegen vor, wenn die Durchmesser in einem Bereich zwischen zwei und drei Zentimeter liegen.A particularly preferred development of the invention consists in the openings being formed with essentially circular cross sections. On the one hand, the circular cross sections create a large congruence with the spherically propagating sound waves and thus particularly favorable sound insulation conditions, and on the other hand a structure structure that is roughly the same in all directions. Diameters of the circular cross sections in a range between half a centimeter and five centimeters have proven to be the optimal compromise between the required sound and heat insulation and strength. Improved thermal insulation and strength values with sound insulation values that are still greatly improved compared to the prior art are present if the diameters are in a range between two and three centimeters.

Wieder eine andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann darin bestehen, daß die verbleibende Stegdicke zwischen den einzelnen Durchbrechungen im wesentlichen konstant ist, z.B. wenigstens 1/2 cm beträgt. Hierdurch wird vermieden, daß sich zufolge unter­schiedlich dicker Stege im Hohlformsteinquerschnitt Platten­strukturen ausbilden, die bei beistimmten Werten der Schallfrequenz in Resonanz schwingen.Yet another embodiment of the invention can consist in that the remaining web thickness between the individual openings is essentially constant, e.g. is at least 1/2 cm. In this way it is avoided that, due to webs of different thicknesses, plate structures are formed in the hollow shaped block cross-section which resonate at certain values of the sound frequency.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann auch so vorgegangen werden, daß das Verhältnis von Hohlraumanteilen zu Massenanteil 1:1 ist, gegebenenfalls der Masseanteil geringfügig überwiegend ist. Hierdurch wird für die üblichen Schallschutzanforderungen (Resonanzverhältnis) sowohl hinsichtlich wirschaftlicher Herstellbarkeit als auch hinsichtlich Festigkeit und Wärme­dämmung eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform erreicht.In a further development of the invention it is also possible to proceed in such a way that the ratio of void proportions to mass fraction is 1: 1, if appropriate the mass fraction is slightly predominant. This achieves a particularly advantageous embodiment for the usual soundproofing requirements (resonance ratio) both with regard to economical producibility and with regard to strength and thermal insulation.

Nachstehend ist die Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung beispielsweise erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig.1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Hohlformstein im Schrägriß und
  • Fig.2 eine Teilansicht einer Draufsicht auf den Hohlformstein gemäß Fig. 1.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, for example. It shows:
  • 1 shows a hollow shaped block according to the invention in oblique outline and
  • 2 shows a partial view of a top view of the hollow shaped block according to FIG. 1.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Hohlformstein 1 im Schrägriß mit einer be­ liebigen Anzahl von Durchbrechungen, von welchen die größeren mit 2 und die kleineren mit 3 bezeichnet sind. Die Durchbrechungen verlaufen parallel zur Kante 4 des Hohlformsteines bzw. parallel zu den Schmalseiten 11,12,13 und 14 des Hohlformsteines. Die Anzahl der pro Hohlformstein vorgesehenen Durchbrechungen ist beliebig, deren Anordnung unterliegt keiner Gesetzmäßigkeit, sie erfolgt völlig willkürlich. Die Querschnittsform bei dem in Fig.1 und 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist kreisförmig, wobei die Erfindung aber hierauf nicht beschränkt ist. Ebenso fallen in den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung Querschnittsformen in Form von regelmäßigen Vielecken, Ellipsen, Kurven höherer Ordnung. Die gleichzeitige Realisierung von Durchbrechungen unter­schiedlicher Querschnittsformen an ein und demselben Hohlformstein fällt gleichfalls in den Rahmen vorliegender Erfindung. Als vor­teilhaft in diesem Zusammenhang hat es sich erwiesen, wenn die Hohlraumdichte über den Querschnitt gleichmäßig verteilt ist, d.h. daß pro Flächeneinheit der Querschnittsfläche im wesentlichen gleiche Hohlraumteile vorliegen.Fig. 1 shows a hollow block 1 in oblique view with a be arbitrary number of openings, of which the larger ones are labeled 2 and the smaller ones are labeled 3. The openings run parallel to the edge 4 of the hollow molded block or parallel to the narrow sides 11, 12, 13 and 14 of the hollow molded block. The number of perforations provided per hollow block is arbitrary, their arrangement is not subject to any law, it is completely arbitrary. The cross-sectional shape in the exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is circular, but the invention is not restricted to this. Cross-sectional shapes in the form of regular polygons, ellipses, and higher-order curves also fall within the scope of the present invention. The simultaneous realization of openings of different cross-sectional shapes on one and the same hollow molded block also falls within the scope of the present invention. It has proven to be advantageous in this context if the void density is evenly distributed over the cross-section, ie essentially the same void parts are present per unit area of the cross-sectional area.

Wie aus den Fig. 1 und 2 ersichtlich setzt sich die unsymmetrische Verteilung der Durchbrechungen bis in die an den in Einbaulage der Hohlformsteine aneinander benachbarten Seitenflächen 12 und 14 fort. Hierdurch entsteht eine gleichfalls hinsichtlich Anordnung, Anzahl und Querschnittsform willkürliche Ausbildung von Mörteltaschen 5. Der solcherart zustande kommende Mörtelverband beim Aufbau eines Mauerwerkes vermittels der erfindungsgemäßen Hohlformsteine zeigt daher keine bevorzugten Strukturierungen im Aufbau, was noch dadurch unterstützt wird, daß beim Aufbau eines Mauer­werkverbandes durch immer wieder variiertes Aneinanderlegen der Hohlformsteine die Mörteltaschen variiert aneinander zu liegen kommen.As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the asymmetrical distribution of the perforations continues into the side surfaces 12 and 14 which are adjacent to one another in the installed position of the hollow shaped bricks. This also results in an arbitrary formation of mortar pockets 5 with regard to arrangement, number and cross-sectional shape. The mortar bond thus created when building masonry by means of the hollow shaped bricks according to the invention therefore does not show any preferred structuring in the structure, which is further supported by the fact that when building a masonry bandage by always again varied placement of the hollow shaped blocks the mortar pockets come to lie against each other.

Der Durchmesser b bei dem in den Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten Durch­brechungen mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt liegen in einem Bereich zwischen 1/2 cm bis 5 cm. Die obere Grenze von 5 cm ist orientiert an einer üblichen Hohlformstärke von etwa 25 cm, beträgt also etwa 1/5 derselben. Der gegenseitige Abstand a der kreisförmigen Durchbrechungen 2 bzw. 3 kann überall gleich groß gewählt werden, wobei allerdings ein halber Zentimeter nicht unterschritten werden soll.The diameter b in the openings with circular cross section shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are in a range between 1/2 cm to 5 cm. The upper limit of 5 cm is based on a usual hollow mold thickness of about 25 cm, is about 1/5 of the same. The mutual spacing a of the circular openings 2 and 3 can be chosen to be the same everywhere, but should not be less than half a centimeter.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung des Hohlformsteines minimiert, wie die Fig. 1 und 2 erkennen lassen die Ausbildung von von der Seitenfläche 11 zur Seitenfläche 13 direkt durchgehende Masse­brücken. Diese direkten Massebrücken sind in eine große Anzahl von immer weider anderer Orientierung aufeinanderfolgenden Teil­brücken immer weider anderen Querschnitts aufgelöst; insbesondere diese irrgartenähnliche Auflösung der direkten Massebrücken bedingt das erwünschte wesentlich verbesserte Schalldämpfungsverhalten. Durch die Wahl von kreisförmigen Querschnitten für die Durch­brechungen kann im Hinblick auf die kugelförmige Ausbreitung des Schalls das Auftreten von Resonanzen im Verlauf der Schall­dämpfungskurve vermieden werden.The formation of the hollow molded block according to the invention minimizes, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, the formation of mass bridges which are continuous from the side surface 11 to the side surface 13. These direct ground bridges are resolved into a large number of successive partial bridges, always with different orientations, with ever different cross sections; in particular this maze-like dissolution of the direct earth bridges causes the desired significantly improved sound damping behavior. By choosing circular cross-sections for the openings, the occurrence of resonances in the course of the sound attenuation curve can be avoided with regard to the spherical propagation of the sound.

Bevorzugt wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hohlformstein das Verhältnis von Hohlraumanteil zu Masseanteil 1:1 gewählt. Die Erfindung ist jedoch auf diese Ausführungsform nicht be­schränkt, vielmehr ist es z.B. auch durch die Variation von Hohlraumanteil zu Masseanteil möglich, frequenzselektiv be­stimmte Schallresonanzen zu unterdrücken.The ratio of void fraction to mass fraction 1: 1 is preferably selected in the hollow molded block according to the invention. However, the invention is not limited to this embodiment, rather it is e.g. by varying the void fraction to mass fraction, it is possible to suppress certain sound resonances in a frequency-selective manner.

Ein weiterer Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Hohlformsteines ist, daß man sich durch Verteilung und Wahl der Durchmesser einen vorgegebenen Frequenzbereich bzw. bei einer bestimmten Frequenz vorliegenden Einbruch der Dämpfung kompensieren. Durch die Gestaltung der Geometrie des Querschnittes kann man die Kurvenform des Dämpfungsverlaufes verändern.A further advantage of the hollow molded block according to the invention is that one can compensate for a predetermined frequency range or, at a certain frequency, a drop in the damping by distributing and selecting the diameter. By designing the geometry of the cross section, the curve shape of the damping curve can be changed.

Die Herstellungsweise der erindungsgemäßen Hohlformsteine bleibt dieselbe wie für die bekannten Hohlblocksteine, näm­lich daß man einen Strang preßt, der die erfindungsgemäße Durch­ brechungsstruktur aufweist. Danach wird der Strang z.B. in einem Harfen-Abschneider in Einzelsteine getrennt und die so roh erstellten Steine gebrannt bzw. aushärten gelassen. Der durch die erfindungsgemäße Durchbrechungsstruktur bedingte Vorteil. daß der erfindungsgemäße Hohlformstein sowohl in wandparalleler Richtung, d.h. von der Wandfläche 11 zur Wandfläche 13, als auch in wandnormaler Richtung, d.h. in Richtung von der Wandfläche 14 zur Wandfläche 12 eine etwa gleich steife Struktur aufweist, erleichtert das Herstellungsverfahren insoferne, als dieses nunmehr im wesentlichen davon unabhängig ist, ob der Strang nach dem Austritt aus der Düse aus den Wandflächen 11 bzw. 13 oder den Wandflächen 14 bzw. 12 abgelegt wird. Auch eine Manipulation des noch nicht getrockneten oder bereits abge­legten Hohlformsteines wird durch diesen erfindungsgemäßen Vorteil wesentlich erleichtert.The method of manufacturing the hollow shaped blocks according to the invention remains the same as for the known hollow blocks, namely that one extrudes a strand that the through according to the invention has refractive structure. The strand is then cut into individual stones, for example in a harp cutter, and the stones thus prepared are fired or allowed to harden. The advantage due to the breakthrough structure according to the invention. that the hollow molded block according to the invention has an approximately equally rigid structure both in the wall-parallel direction, ie from the wall surface 11 to the wall surface 13, and in the wall normal direction, ie in the direction from the wall surface 14 to the wall surface 12, simplifies the manufacturing process insofar as this is now in the it is essentially independent of whether the strand is deposited after exiting the nozzle from the wall surfaces 11 or 13 or the wall surfaces 14 or 12. Manipulation of the hollow shaped stone which has not yet dried or has already been deposited is also considerably facilitated by this advantage according to the invention.

Claims (7)

1. Hohlformstein zur Erstellung eines Mauerwerks od. dgl. der außer den tragenden Funktionen auch zur Wärme- und Schall­isolierung dient, mit einer Anzahl von Durchbrechungen, die geradlinig jeweils von einer Seitenfläche zur gegenüberliegen­den Seitenfläche verlaufen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Durchbrechungen eine unsymmetrische Verteilung sowohl hinsichtlich ihrer Anordnung als auch ihrer Querschnitt auf­weisen.1. Hollow shaped stone for the creation of masonry or the like, which, in addition to the load-bearing functions, also serves for heat and sound insulation, with a number of perforations which each run straight from one side surface to the opposite side surface,
characterized,
that the openings have an asymmetrical distribution both in terms of their arrangement and their cross section. 2. Hohlformstein nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hohlraumdichte über den Querschnitt gleichmäßig ver­teilt ist.2. Molded stone according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity density is evenly distributed over the cross section. 3. Hohlformstein nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß sich die unsymmetrische Verteilung der Durch­brechungen bis in die an den in Einbaulage der Hohlformstei­ne einander benachbarten Seitenflächen fortsetzt.3. Hollow shaped block according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the asymmetrical distribution of the openings continues into the side faces adjacent to one another in the installed position of the hollow shaped blocks. 4. Hohformstein nach Anspruch 1,2 oder 3, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Durchbrechungen mit im wesentlichen kreis­runden Querschnitten ausgebildet sind.4. Hohformstein according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the openings are formed with substantially circular cross sections. 5. Hohlformstein nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchmesser der Durchbrechungsquerschnitte in einem Bereich zwischen einem halben und 5 Zentimeter, vorzugsweise zwischen zwei und drei Zentimeter, liegen.5. Hollow shaped block according to claim 4, characterized in that the diameter of the opening cross sections are in a range between half and 5 centimeters, preferably between two and three centimeters. 6. Hohlformstein nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die verbleibende Stegdicke zwischen den einzelnen Durchbrechungen im wesentlichen konstant ist, z.B. wenigstens 1/2 cm beträgt.6. Hollow shaped block according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the remaining web thickness between the individual openings is substantially constant, for example at least 1/2 cm. 7. Hohlformstein nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis von Hohlraumanteil zu Masseanteil 1:1 ist, gegebenenfalls der Masseanteil gering­fügig überwiegend ist.7. Hollow molded block according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ratio of void fraction to mass fraction is 1: 1, optionally the mass fraction is slightly predominant.
EP86890356A 1986-02-20 1986-12-23 Hollow building block Expired - Lifetime EP0233446B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0045486A AT389548B (en) 1986-02-20 1986-02-20 HOLLOW STONE
AT454/86 1986-02-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0233446A2 true EP0233446A2 (en) 1987-08-26
EP0233446A3 EP0233446A3 (en) 1987-12-09
EP0233446B1 EP0233446B1 (en) 1990-01-10

Family

ID=3491044

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86890356A Expired - Lifetime EP0233446B1 (en) 1986-02-20 1986-12-23 Hollow building block

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0233446B1 (en)
AT (2) AT389548B (en)
DE (1) DE3668202D1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3843963A1 (en) * 1988-01-18 1989-07-27 Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag Vertically perforated brick
US6243166B1 (en) * 1996-07-02 2001-06-05 Zellweger Luwa Ag Process and device for recognition of foreign bodies in fibre of predominantly textile fibres

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH155358A (en) * 1931-06-23 1932-06-30 Droz Alfred Building brick.
DE802951C (en) * 1949-11-12 1951-02-26 Dachziegelwerke E C Spingler G Multi-perforated brick made of fired clay or other materials with staggered perforations
GB694732A (en) * 1949-09-02 1953-07-29 Suedbau Sueddeutsche Bautechni Hollow building block

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH155358A (en) * 1931-06-23 1932-06-30 Droz Alfred Building brick.
GB694732A (en) * 1949-09-02 1953-07-29 Suedbau Sueddeutsche Bautechni Hollow building block
DE802951C (en) * 1949-11-12 1951-02-26 Dachziegelwerke E C Spingler G Multi-perforated brick made of fired clay or other materials with staggered perforations

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3843963A1 (en) * 1988-01-18 1989-07-27 Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag Vertically perforated brick
US6243166B1 (en) * 1996-07-02 2001-06-05 Zellweger Luwa Ag Process and device for recognition of foreign bodies in fibre of predominantly textile fibres

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0233446A3 (en) 1987-12-09
EP0233446B1 (en) 1990-01-10
DE3668202D1 (en) 1990-02-15
AT389548B (en) 1989-12-27
ATE49439T1 (en) 1990-01-15
ATA45486A (en) 1989-05-15

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