EP0230177B1 - Einrichtung zur Regelung des Radialspiels zwischen den Blattspitzen eines Kompressorrotors und dem Statorgehäuse - Google Patents

Einrichtung zur Regelung des Radialspiels zwischen den Blattspitzen eines Kompressorrotors und dem Statorgehäuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0230177B1
EP0230177B1 EP86402679A EP86402679A EP0230177B1 EP 0230177 B1 EP0230177 B1 EP 0230177B1 EP 86402679 A EP86402679 A EP 86402679A EP 86402679 A EP86402679 A EP 86402679A EP 0230177 B1 EP0230177 B1 EP 0230177B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
links
upstream
segments
compressor according
radial
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Expired
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EP86402679A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0230177A1 (de
Inventor
Alain Marie Joseph Lardellier
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
    • F01D11/14—Adjusting or regulating tip-clearance, i.e. distance between rotor-blade tips and stator casing
    • F01D11/20—Actively adjusting tip-clearance
    • F01D11/22—Actively adjusting tip-clearance by mechanically actuating the stator or rotor components, e.g. moving shroud sections relative to the rotor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure compressor of a turbomachine provided with a device for adjusting the radial clearances between rotor and stator, the compressor casing consisting of an inner casing formed of conical segments carrying the stator stages separated by the rings. sealing, and an outer casing to which the segments are fixed by means of radial adjustment.
  • Advanced technology turbomachinery operate at high temperature levels, of the order of 700 ° C, at the outlet of the high pressure compressor, so that it is essential, if we want to obtain a good performance of the machine , to provide devices capable of optimizing the clearances resulting from the differences in expansion between the rotor and the stator.
  • Such devices are known, for example French patents 2,534,982 and 2,535,795, consisting of supports which hold the cylindrical segments of the inner envelope attached to the outer envelope.
  • the radial clearance between the rotor blades and the stator seals, as well as between the stator blades and the rotor seals, is adjusted by the action of a directed flow of hot or cold air against the supports or against the outer casing.
  • the backlash is all the more effective, as the material constituting the supports or the envelope has a large coefficient of expansion and it responds more quickly to variations in temperature of the injected air, which is generally not not the case.
  • This method has the disadvantage of an increased consumption of air lost as a result of the mode of adjustment by variation of the geometric dimensions of the supports obtained by heat exchange with an air flow.
  • the sealing rings of the rotor blades consist of segments carrying on their axial edges tongues and cooperating slots ensuring their mutual sealing and their relative movement.
  • the segments bear toothed ramps on their outer surface and on their peripheral edges studs cooperating with oblique slides provided in the edges of the downstream and upstream ferrules. Toothed wheels, the axis of which turns in flanges fixed on the ferrules allow, by action on the toothed ramps, the radial displacement of the segments.
  • the segments are suspended from a ring by connecting rods.
  • a gear system controls the rotation of the ring which drives the rods fixed to the segments, producing a radial displacement of the latter so as to adjust the clearance between the rings and the blades.
  • the second patent describes a system in which the sealing segments are fixed to the end of one of the bent lever arms movable around fixed axes, the end of the other arm of which is driven by control rods actuated by cylinders.
  • the circumferential displacement of the bars produces, via the bent levers, a radial displacement of the sealing segments.
  • the invention provides a simple, robust clearance adjustment device, the control members of which are arranged on the outer casing of the casing, are easily accessible.
  • the device according to the invention is remarkable in that the adjustment means are constituted for each segment of rods held on the one hand at the upstream and downstream edges of the outer casing by axes two by two coaxial and on the other hand at upstream and downstream edges of the segments, the links forming the sides of two deformable parallelograms, an upstream and a downstream parallelogram, a link of each parallelogram being fixed to a control shaft mounted on the outer surface of the outer casing so that the axial rotation of the shaft causes the rotation of the rods attached to it and of the other free rods by deformation of the parallelograms resulting in a radial variation in the position of the segments.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial view in longitudinal section of a turbomachine showing a part of the low pressure compressor 1, the high pressure compressor 2 and a part of the diffuser 3.
  • the outer surface of the inner envelope 10 receives heat insulation 17 held between the stiffening ribs 18.
  • the space 19, between the inner envelope 11 and the outer envelope 4 is cooled by a flow of air taken from the outlet of the low pressure compressor.
  • a low pressure air manifold 20 is provided at the upstream part of the outer casing 4 of the compressor for supplying and cooling various members of the turbomachine.
  • the means for adjusting the radial clearance between the stator and the rotor of the compressor consist of rods 21 to 24 holding the segments 11, forming the inner casing of the compressor, suspended from the outer casing 4.
  • the face outside of the segment 11 near its upstream 25 and downstream 26 edges carries yokes 27 forming axially aligned bearings, retaining an axis 28 around which one of the ends of the links pivots freely.
  • One of the pairs of rods, for example 23, 24 cooperating with two axially aligned bearings carry at their other end axes 29 which pivot in coaxial bearings provided in the radial faces of the upstream 5 and downstream 6 flanges of the outer casing 4.
  • L 'other pair of links for example 21, 22 have their other ends integral with a control shaft 30 pivoting in coaxial bearings provided in the radial faces of the upstream and downstream flanges 6.
  • the control shaft 30 carries a double lever 31 capable of being actuated by actuation means 32.
  • the upstream 5 and downstream 6 flanges carry a recess 33 along the central edge which provides housing for the rods.
  • the radial faces of the flanges 7 of the low pressure compressor 1 and 9 of the diffuser casing 3 bear coaxially with the control shaft 30 of the bearings 34 in which the projecting ends of the shaft are housed.
  • the height of the flanges for fixing the outer casing 4 of the high pressure compressor to the casing of the low pressure compressor 1 and to the casing of the diffuser 3 is provided so as to allow the control shaft to pass over the outer surface. of the outer casing 4.
  • control rods are secured to the shaft 30, in a known manner and preferably, by grooves.
  • the rods 23 and 24 will be called "follower rods”.
  • the actuating means 32 are constituted according to one embodiment by screw jacks, one by segment, connected by a hose, or according to another embodiment by a single jack connected to a synchronization ring acting on the levers of the control shafts and on the control rods with which they are associated.
  • the segments 11, constituting the inner casing of the compressor, are suspended from the outer casing 4 by two deformable parallelograms, one upstream and the other downstream.
  • the sides of these parallelograms are formed respectively by the links 21 and 23, and 22 and 24 and the portions of the outer casing and of the segment between the suspension points of the links. It follows that the segments 11 move parallel to themselves in the radial direction.
  • a rotation of the control rods 21, 22 causes the deformation of the parallelograms and a modification of the distance separating the inner surface of the segments from the ends of the rotor blades.
  • a rotation of 30 ° of the control rods corresponds to a radial displacement of 1.5 mm from the segment, which is sufficient to ensure optimum adjustment of the clearances.
  • the axes 28, 29 of the links are arranged along two parallel theoretical cylinders. Consequently, the radial displacements of the upstream and downstream edges of the segments 11 are the same.
  • these axes can be arranged in a cone and in this case, the rods can have a different length upstream and downstream.
  • the actuating means are capable of being controlled by various operating parameters such as the speed, the temperature and / or the outlet pressure of the compressor.
  • the on-board computer includes a program, integrating a model of the thermal behavior of the machine, which controls the action of the jack or jacks accordingly.
  • the actuating means can, according to another embodiment, be slaved, in real time, to the measurement of the games, by means of sensors of known type such as contact sensors, capacitive sensors, accelerators, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Hochdruckverdichter für eine Turbomaschine mit einer Einrichtung zur Regelung des Radialspiels zwischen Rotor und Stator, wobei das Gehäuse des Verdichters aus folgenden Teilen besteht: einer Innenhülle, die aus konischen Segmenten gebildet ist, die die Statorstufen tragen, die durch mit den Schaufeln der Rotorstufen zusammenwirkende Dichtungsringe getrennt sind, und einer Außenhülle, an der die genannten Segmente über Mittel zur Regelung des radialen Spiels befestigt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zur Regelung des Radialspiels für die einzelnen Segmente jeweils aus Schwingarmen (21 bis 24) bestehen, die einerseits durch paarweise zueinander koaxiale Achsen (29, 30) an dem stromaufwärtigen Rand (5) und dem stromabwärtigen Rand (6) der Außenhülle (4) und andererseits an dem stromaufwärtigen Rand (25) bzw. dem stromabwärtigen Rand (26) der Segmente gehalten sind, und daß die Schwingarme die Seiten zweier deformierbarer Parallelogramme, nämlich eines stromaufwärtigen und eines stromabwärtigen Parallelogramms, bilden, wobei ein Schwingarm (21,22) jedes Parallelogramms an einer Steuerwelle (30) fixiert ist, die an der Außenseite der Außenhülle (4) derart montiert ist, daß die axiale Rotation der Welle eine Rotation der an ihr befestigten Schwingarme und durch Verformung der Parallelogramme eine Bewegung der anderen, freien Schwingarme und damit eine Änderung der radialen Position der Segmente bewirkt.
2. Verdichter nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Außenhülle an ihren radialen Endbereichen stromaufwärtige und stromabwärtige Flansche (5 bzw. 6) trägt, die zu ihrer Befestigung an dem Gehäuse eines stromaufwärts gelegenen Niederdruckverdichters bzw. an dem Gehäuse eines stromabwärts gelegenen Diffusors dienen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwingarme (21 bis 24) in folgender Weise gehalten sind:
- einerseits an der Außenhülle durch Achsen (29, 30), deren Lager in den radialen Seiten der stromaufwärtigen und stromabwärtigen Flansche (5 bzw. 6) ausgebildet sind, wobei die an einem Flansch vorgesehenen Lager koaxial zu den an dem anderen Flansch vorgesehenen Lagern angeordnet sind und die die Achsen zweier Schwingarme (21, 22) bildende Welle (30) über einen fest mit ihr verbundenen Betätigungshebel (21) durch Antriebsmittel (32) betätigbar ist, und
- andererseits an Achsen (28), die frei schwenkbar in Lagern angeordnet sind, die in mit der Außenfläche der Segmente (11) verbundenen Bügeln (27) vorgesehen sind.
3. Verdichter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die radialen Seiten der stromaufwärtigen und stromabwärtigen Flansche (5 bzw. 6) der Außenhülle (4) Aufnahmen für die Enden der Schwingarme (21 bis 24) tragen.
4. Verdichter nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufnahmen von einem längs des zentralen Randes der Flansche angeordneten Absatz (33) gebildet sind.
5. Verdichter nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die koaxialen Lager (34) der Steuerwelle (30) in den radialen Flächen der Flansche (7, 8) des Niederdruckverdichters (1) bzw. des Diffusorgehäuses (3) angeordnet sind und daß diese Lager mit den Enden der Steuerwelle (30) zusammenwirken.
6. Verdichter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebsmittel (32) von durch flexible Wellen synchronisierten Spindelwinden gebildet sind.
7. Verdichter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebsmittel (32) aus einer einzigen Winde bestehen, die einen mit den Betätigungshebeln der Steuerwellen der Schwingarme (21, 22) verbundenen Synchronisationsring antreibt.
8. Verdichter nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Winde oder die Winden von einem Rechner gesteuert werden, der die Funktionsparameter und ein thermisches Modell der Turbomaschine einbezieht.
9. Verdichter nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Winde oder die Winden von einem Sensor gesteuert werden, der die Messung der effektiven Spiele in Echtzeit ermöglicht.
EP86402679A 1985-12-18 1986-12-03 Einrichtung zur Regelung des Radialspiels zwischen den Blattspitzen eines Kompressorrotors und dem Statorgehäuse Expired EP0230177B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8518749 1985-12-18
FR8518749A FR2591674B1 (fr) 1985-12-18 1985-12-18 Dispositif de reglage des jeux radiaux entre rotor et stator d'un compresseur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0230177A1 EP0230177A1 (de) 1987-07-29
EP0230177B1 true EP0230177B1 (de) 1989-01-18

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EP86402679A Expired EP0230177B1 (de) 1985-12-18 1986-12-03 Einrichtung zur Regelung des Radialspiels zwischen den Blattspitzen eines Kompressorrotors und dem Statorgehäuse

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US (1) US4714404A (de)
EP (1) EP0230177B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3661858D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2591674B1 (de)

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US5096375A (en) * 1989-09-08 1992-03-17 General Electric Company Radial adjustment mechanism for blade tip clearance control apparatus
US5018942A (en) * 1989-09-08 1991-05-28 General Electric Company Mechanical blade tip clearance control apparatus for a gas turbine engine
US5104287A (en) * 1989-09-08 1992-04-14 General Electric Company Blade tip clearance control apparatus for a gas turbine engine
FR2653171B1 (fr) * 1989-10-18 1991-12-27 Snecma Carter de compresseur de turbomachine muni d'un dispositif de pilotage de son diametre interne.
US5054997A (en) * 1989-11-22 1991-10-08 General Electric Company Blade tip clearance control apparatus using bellcrank mechanism
US5056988A (en) * 1990-02-12 1991-10-15 General Electric Company Blade tip clearance control apparatus using shroud segment position modulation
US5049033A (en) * 1990-02-20 1991-09-17 General Electric Company Blade tip clearance control apparatus using cam-actuated shroud segment positioning mechanism
US5035573A (en) * 1990-03-21 1991-07-30 General Electric Company Blade tip clearance control apparatus with shroud segment position adjustment by unison ring movement
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US5487549A (en) * 1994-10-24 1996-01-30 Demag Delaval Turbomachinery Corp. Turbocare Division Turbine interfitting packing with cam adjustment
US7125223B2 (en) * 2003-09-30 2006-10-24 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for turbomachine active clearance control
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EP1655455A1 (de) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Strömungsmaschine mit einem verstellbaren Leitschaufelträger zur Radialspalteinstellung
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US8534996B1 (en) * 2008-09-15 2013-09-17 Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc. Vane segment tip clearance control
DE102009023061A1 (de) * 2009-05-28 2010-12-02 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Spaltkontrollsystem, Strömungsmaschine und Verfahren zum Einstellen eines Laufspalts zwischen einem Rotor und einer Ummantelung einer Strömungsmaschine
GB0910070D0 (en) * 2009-06-12 2009-07-22 Rolls Royce Plc System and method for adjusting rotor-stator clearance
GB0916892D0 (en) * 2009-09-28 2009-11-11 Rolls Royce Plc A casing component
US8967951B2 (en) 2012-01-10 2015-03-03 General Electric Company Turbine assembly and method for supporting turbine components
WO2014058466A1 (en) * 2012-10-09 2014-04-17 United Technologies Corporation Geared turbofan engine with optimized diffuser case flange location
EP2959117B1 (de) * 2013-02-23 2019-07-03 Rolls-Royce North American Technologies, Inc. Schaufelspielraumsteuerung für einen gasturbinenmotor
US9598975B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2017-03-21 Rolls-Royce Corporation Blade track assembly with turbine tip clearance control
US10316685B2 (en) 2013-10-04 2019-06-11 United Technologies Corporation Gas turbine engine ramped rapid response clearance control system
WO2015094622A1 (en) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-25 United Technologies Corporation Turbomachine blade clearance control system
US9915163B2 (en) * 2015-05-15 2018-03-13 United Technologies Corporation Cam-follower active clearance control
US10364696B2 (en) 2016-05-10 2019-07-30 United Technologies Corporation Mechanism and method for rapid response clearance control
US10968782B2 (en) * 2017-01-18 2021-04-06 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Rotatable vanes
FR3068071B1 (fr) * 2017-06-26 2019-11-08 Safran Aircraft Engines Ensemble pour la liaison par palonnier entre un carter de turbine et un element annulaire de turbomachine
KR102036191B1 (ko) * 2017-11-20 2019-10-24 두산중공업 주식회사 블레이드 팁 간극 조절 수단을 구비한 가스 터빈

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FR2534982A1 (fr) * 1982-10-22 1984-04-27 Snecma Dispositif de controle des jeux d'un compresseur haute pression
FR2535795B1 (fr) * 1982-11-08 1987-04-10 Snecma Dispositif de suspension d'aubes statoriques de compresseur axial pour le controle actif des jeux entre rotor et stator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2591674A1 (fr) 1987-06-19
DE3661858D1 (en) 1989-02-23
FR2591674B1 (fr) 1988-02-19
US4714404A (en) 1987-12-22
EP0230177A1 (de) 1987-07-29

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