EP0227679A1 - Procede et dispositif de piegeage et d'analyse de particules - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de piegeage et d'analyse de particules

Info

Publication number
EP0227679A1
EP0227679A1 EP19850905004 EP85905004A EP0227679A1 EP 0227679 A1 EP0227679 A1 EP 0227679A1 EP 19850905004 EP19850905004 EP 19850905004 EP 85905004 A EP85905004 A EP 85905004A EP 0227679 A1 EP0227679 A1 EP 0227679A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
particles
percolation
analysis
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19850905004
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Peter Andersson
Rolf Nybom
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE8404821A external-priority patent/SE454541B/sv
Priority claimed from SE8503467A external-priority patent/SE8503467D0/xx
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0227679A1 publication Critical patent/EP0227679A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G01N1/2205—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling with filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
    • G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G01N2001/222—Other features
    • G01N2001/2223—Other features aerosol sampling devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to' a device for collection of gas-borne or liquid-borne particles to facilitate analysis of the particles, the said device comprising means for generation of percolation of the said gas or liquid through the device and means for collection and retention of the said particles.
  • the invention also relates to a method of identifying at least one specific particle or a portion thereof, for example a certain type of virus, or bacteria etc., a plurality of the said specific particles then being distributed or dispersed in an analysis liquid or analysis gas and fed through a device as above, the said device being provided with at least one filter, the permeability of which to the analysis liquid or analysis gas is so selected that the said specific particles are collected on the filter while the analysis liquid or analysis gas otherwise passes through the filter.
  • the invention finally relates to a method of testing which antibodies are neutralized to specific particles, i.e. inactiv ating.
  • the approach most commonly adopted at the present time is for a number of samples to be taken which corresponds to the number of analyses which are to be subsequently performed, a circumstance which has as a result that a large number of samples have to be taken.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement with the aid of which a very rapid analysis of particles can be performed directly and which device in itself, in a further development of the inventive concept, performs the necessary separations of different particles right at the sampling stage, so that the number of requisite samples is reduced to a minimum.
  • the invention is characterized in the case of the type of device mentioned in the descriptive preamble of a support device which is elaborated largely as a funnel which is narrowed off in the direction of percolation at which in its first portion, viewed in the direction of percolation, is elaborated with a supporting surface which is arranged to supportingly carry at least one filter which collects and retains the said particles, and by an electrode device which viewed in the direction of percolation is sited before the filter.
  • the invention is characterized particularly. in that the said filter consists of several filters placed one above the other viewed in the. direction of percolation and in that the said filters are easily mutually separable.
  • each filter has reduced permeability for particles than the filter immediately preceding it, viewed in the direction of percolation.
  • the point of time for marking can be chosen fairly freely, either applied before the percolation of the analysis liquid or. gas through the filter or filters or after this has occurred, various types of marking can also be executed and thereby different types of analysis instrument used, for example a scanning electron microscope, gamma counter, fluorescence microscope, spectrophotometer etc.
  • analysis instrument for example a scanning electron microscope, gamma counter, fluorescence microscope, spectrophotometer etc.
  • the latter possibility is extremely important, among other things since scanning electron microscopes are relatively expensive and rare in comparison with gamma counters and fluorescence microscopes.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a view across a disassembled device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of a variant of the device according to Fig. 1 with certain guards applied.
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross-section through a further variant of the invention and
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the embodiment according to Fig.3 with an attachment.
  • the device according to Fig. 1 comprises an electrode device 5, which is required in order to be able to carry out a rapid analysis in an electron microscope.
  • the electrode device 5 is : made of a suitable conductive material, for instance brass, or is coated with a conducting surface layer.
  • the electrode device 5 comprises a thin, annular upper edge 10 and an inwardly bevelled edge 9, which delimit, an aperture 8 through the electrode device 5.
  • the edge 10 and the bevelled edge 9 are made as small as possible, viewed in the horizontal direction in Fig. 1 so as to permit scanning by means of the electron microscope of as large a portion of the aperture 8 as possible with due allowance to the fact that the surface of the edge 10 and the lower surface of the bevelled edge 9, as seen in Fig. 1, shall comprise retaining surfaces for the filter 2, which is designed with a permeability adapted to the size of the particles to be analysed so that the desired particle sizes remain in the filter 2.
  • the said filter 2 must be carried or supported by a coarse mesh gauze 3 relative to the filter 2 or a similar means with high permiability to the particle size concerned, which gauze 3 in turn along the outer edge thereof is tightly carried or supported by a supporting surface 6, which is formed to advantage in the upper outer edge by a cylinder or a funnel 7 and which together with the funnel 7 forms a supporting device 4 for the filter 2.
  • the supporting surface is made to advantage as small as possible and corresponds in size largely to the aggregate area of the edge 10 and the bevel edge 9 which faces towards the filter 2.
  • the .upper portion of the funnel 7 has essentially the same size as the aperture 8.
  • a vacuum is generated in the lower portion of the device, viewed in Fig. 1, while the aperture 8 of the electrode device 5 faces towards the area from which it is desired to take samples.
  • This area may consist for instance of an open, bacteria-coated wound, urine, blood or other particles containing liquid or gas, the particles of which are to be analysed, and the said particles remain on the filter 21 while in contrast the remaining portion of the liquid or gas flows on through the gauze 3, through the funnel 7 and out into the suction device 1.
  • the device can then be removed from the suction device 1 and direct used as an electrode in an electron microscope, whereupon the particles collected by the filter 2 can be directly observed and analysed in the electron microscope without any intermediate actions, treatments etc.
  • the electrode device 5 is elaborated to advantage so that it can pass with a press fit over the support device 4, whereby the filter 2 and the gauze 3 are retained. This is achieved appropriately in that (see especially Fig. 2) the upper outer edge of the support device 4 is inclined slightly inwards and the inner upper edge of the electrode device 5 has been given a similar corresponding inward inclination. To prevent unintended particles from sticking in the filter 2 during transport and handling the device can be provided (see Fig. 2) with pushed-on protective caps, 11, 12 over the apertures, the said hats 11, 12 obviously being removed before sampling and refitted after sampling.
  • the filter 2, the gauze 3 and the electrode device 5 are composed of several units insertable one on top of the other, preferably with a press fit, which have been indicated in Fig. 3 with a) a first electrode 5, first filter 21 and a first gauze 31, b) a second electrode 51, a second filter 22 and a second gauze 32, c) a third electrode 52, a third filter 33 and a third gauze 33 and d) a fourth electrode 53, a fourth electrode 53, a fourth filter 24 and a fourth gauze 34.
  • the said filters 21, 22, 23 and 24 are elaborated to advantage with decreasing particle permeability viewed in the direction of percolation of the device. By this means it is ensured that bacteria, viruses etc. of different particle sizes are collected in different filters. Each unit can therefore be analysed separately in different analysis apparatus in view of the knowledge already existing o the size on known bacteria, viruses etc. In other words the analysis work can be done very rapidly on the basis of a singl sampling.
  • pollen which can be collected and analysed in the filter with the aid of the device according to the invention is birch pollen with a size of around 30 my and : spruce pollen with a particle size of around 70 4.
  • viruses are Picorana with a size of around 25 nm and Herpes with a size of 200 nm and examples of bacteria are Stafylokockker Aureus of around 5 a and Mucoplasmas Chlamydiae of around 0.4 a.
  • a certain one or more of the said filters 21, 22, 23, 24, the quantity of which can similarly be varied, may also be provided with adapted reagents, which thus directly in conjunction with the sampling are made to be activated and to react with the particles concerned.
  • the device according to the invention can further be furnished according to Fig. 4 with a plug-in container 13 with an input 14 adapted to a syringe 15, whereby the taken sample to be analysed can be flushed with a suitable liquid, whereby unwanted particles, lumps etc. can be flushed away or cloven, wanted particles can be spread put etc.
  • the method can - according to Claim 19, also be utilized to determine whether or not different antibodies aggregate given virus particles to lumps-.
  • Embodiment example I Staffylokock protein A is coated on a filter and thereafter a monoclonal antibody, i.e. an antibody which reacts to a single binding point which thus binds to a single antigen and/or a polycronal antibody is added. If this antigen (the specific particle) is present in an analysis liquid or in an analysis gas which is filtered through the filter adapted in size to the specific particle the antigen will be bonded to the antibody which is coated on the filter.
  • a monoclonal antibody i.e. an antibody which reacts to a single binding point which thus binds to a single antigen and/or a polycronal antibody is added. If this antigen (the specific particle) is present in an analysis liquid or in an analysis gas which is filtered through the filter adapted in size to the specific particle the antigen will be bonded to the antibody which is coated on the filter.
  • Such bonded particles can subsequently be demonstrated with the aid of a second directed antibody, appropriately monoclonal, which is radioactively marked with for example I135, whereafter the filter is washed and analysed : in a gammacounter.
  • a second directed antibody appropriately monoclonal, which is radioactively marked with for example I135, whereafter the filter is washed and analysed : in a gammacounter.
  • filters with different permeabilities to different particles sizes can be used in the filter unit as above and in particular different monoclonal and/or polyclonal antibodies can be used on the different filters with different permeabilities to different particles to only or essentially react only with the particles which adhere and accumulate on the associated filter.
  • Embodiment example II Particles which have been collected and concentrated on one or a plurality of filters after filtration of the analysis liquid or analysis gas with the said particles distributed therein can be further identified with the aid of gold particles coated with protein A, for instance 5-100 nanometer large, to which a monoclonal antibody aimed at a single antigen (particle) has been added. The particles can then be identified when they bind the antibody-protein-A marked gold particle and the tied particles are subsequently visualized in a scanning electron microscope.
  • protein A for instance 5-100 nanometer large
  • Embodiment example III instead of gold particles according to embodiment example I, use is made of fluorescein-marked antibodies (FITC) which are added to the .filtered particles. After the filter has been washed it can be read in the fluorescence microscope and antibody-tied particles detected as fluorescent points.
  • FITC fluorescein-marked antibodies
  • a specific antibody is added to each filter and secured thereto by suitable means, for instance with the aid of protein A, before the analysis liquid or analysis gas with the particles distributed therein is filtered, or else the analysis liquid or analysis gas is first filtered and thereafter an antibody aimed towards the reagent wanted is added. Detection of this antigen antibody complex can subsequently take place with the aid of, for instance, gold particles, radioactive marking, fluorescence, spectrophotometry etc. '
  • Embodiment example IV A collection of, for example, virus particles on a filter or filters is subsequently used to determine which antibodies are neutralizing. For many virus types, for example, science does not currently know which antibody is neutralising, i.e. inactivating. By adding a number of different antibodies to the collected virus particles on th filter or filters it can be seen which antibodies aggregate th virus particles into lumps (i.e. are neutralizing).

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif sert à recueillir des particules portées par un gaz ou un liquide afin de faciliter leur analyse. Le dispositif comprend un élément (1) de filtrage du gaz ou du liquide à travers le dispositif et des éléments (2, 3, 4) pour recueillir et retenir les particules. Un élément de support (4) essentiellement un entonnoir (9) se rétrécissant dans le sens du filtrage et contenant dans sa première partie, vu dans le sens du filtrage, une surface de support (6) soutenant au moins un filtre (2) qui recueille et retient les particules, et un dispositif à électrode (5) placé avant le filtre (2), vu dans le sens du filtrage. Le dispositif sert également à identifier au moins une particule spécifique ou une de ses parties, par exemple un certain type de virus, de bactérie, etc. Une pluralité de ces particules spécifiques sont distribuées ou dispersées dans un liquide ou un gaz d'analyse et passent par le filtre susmentionné. La perméabilité du filtre au liquide ou au gaz d'analyse est choisie pour que les particules soient recueillies sur le filtre alors que le gaz ou le liquide d'analyse traverse le filtre. On ajoute au moins un anticorps pour la particule spécifique, de préférence un anticorps monoclonal, aux particules spécifiques recueillies sur le filtre.
EP19850905004 1984-09-26 1985-09-26 Procede et dispositif de piegeage et d'analyse de particules Withdrawn EP0227679A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8404821 1984-09-26
SE8404821A SE454541B (sv) 1984-09-26 1984-09-26 Provhallare for anvendning i elektronmikroskap innefattande en beryta for ett prov av partiklar som avskilts fran luft eller vetska
SE8503467A SE8503467D0 (sv) 1985-07-12 1985-07-12 Sett att identifiera minst en specifik partikel
SE8503467 1985-07-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0227679A1 true EP0227679A1 (fr) 1987-07-08

Family

ID=26658791

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850905004 Withdrawn EP0227679A1 (fr) 1984-09-26 1985-09-26 Procede et dispositif de piegeage et d'analyse de particules

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0227679A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4964785A (fr)
WO (1) WO1986002160A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE460564B (sv) * 1985-03-25 1989-10-23 Euro Fassel Ab Testsats och foerfarande foer immunanalys med prefabricerade komplex av maerkt antikropp och analytspecifik antikropp
SE8602591L (sv) * 1986-06-10 1987-12-11 Jan Peter Andersson Sett for diagnosticering av organiska partiklar genom filtrationsteknik
US4789526A (en) * 1986-12-15 1988-12-06 Pall Corporation Vacuum diagnostic device
US4874691A (en) * 1987-10-16 1989-10-17 Quadra Logic Technologies Inc. Membrane-supported immunoassays
US5116736A (en) * 1988-02-19 1992-05-26 Shimadzu Corporation Method for the quantitative determination of micro-organisms or pyrogens
WO1995023969A1 (fr) * 1994-03-04 1995-09-08 Aquaculture Diagnostics Limited Test immunologique rapide
SE517847C2 (sv) * 1996-04-01 2002-07-23 Rolf Nybom Elektrod för uppbärning av ett prov i ett svepelektronmikroskop
GB2347879A (en) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-20 Boris Zachar Gorbunov Aerosol sampling filter
GB2350803B (en) 1999-06-09 2003-03-05 Air Dispersions Ltd Gas sampling assemblies
GB2378753A (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-02-19 Acaris Healthcare Solutions Pl Collection and analysis of entrained components
GB201516802D0 (en) * 2015-09-22 2015-11-04 Nanopharm Ltd Apparatus and method for determination of the dose of a powder inhalation formulation
CA3083130A1 (fr) 2017-12-07 2019-06-13 The Governors Of The University Of Alberta Filtres permettant d'imiter un depot pulmonaire regional
JP2023183682A (ja) * 2022-06-16 2023-12-28 新東工業株式会社 ガス流路、ガス検出システム

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2672431A (en) * 1949-11-25 1954-03-16 Goetz Alexander Means for performing microbiological assays of aerosols and hydrosols
US2746297A (en) * 1953-08-12 1956-05-22 Minnesota & Ontario Paper Co Apparatus for pulp sampling
US3902971A (en) * 1965-05-20 1975-09-02 Akzona Inc Biological detecting method and apparatus
US3847552A (en) * 1973-11-23 1974-11-12 Ibm Environmental monitoring device and method
FR2255822A5 (en) * 1973-12-21 1975-07-18 Anvar Method of sampling pollen and spores - uses horiz. collecting gauzes impregnated with viscous liquid
US4014216A (en) * 1976-03-22 1977-03-29 Joseph Scott Thornton Apparatus for sampling gas mixtures
GB1597345A (en) * 1976-12-16 1981-09-03 Millipore Corp Diagnostic immunochemical test materials and procedure
US4124449A (en) * 1977-02-07 1978-11-07 Barta Kent S Method and apparatus for bacterial microscopy
SU837375A1 (ru) * 1979-09-07 1981-06-15 Предприятие П/Я В-2343 Фильтр дл отбора проб
FR2514367A1 (fr) * 1981-10-08 1983-04-15 Pasteur Institut Procede pour la detection de germes pathogenes dans des fluides par filtration sur des immunoadsorbants, et application a la determination de la potabilite d'une eau
DE3314937A1 (de) * 1983-04-25 1984-10-31 Gottfried Prof. Dr. 8057 Eching Pfeiffer Vorrichtung und verfahren zur erzeugung bzw. freisetzung und abtrennung von substanzen oder partikulaeren gebilden aus fluessiger, plastischer oder fester materie und verwendung der vorrichtung
FR2558847B1 (fr) * 1984-01-31 1986-06-20 Millipore Sa Dispositif et procede de controle microbiologique de liquides

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8602160A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4964785A (en) 1986-04-17
WO1986002160A1 (fr) 1986-04-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0227679A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif de piegeage et d'analyse de particules
US8254696B2 (en) Systems and methods for detection of an airborne contaminant
US8189899B2 (en) Methods and algorithms for cell enumeration in a low-cost cytometer
DE102007052517A1 (de) ELISPOT-Verfahren mit zwei Filtersystemen
US7537907B2 (en) Products and methods for single parameter and multiparameter phenotyping of cells
US6779411B1 (en) Adaptable filter sampling device
DE102010053749A1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Identifizieren biotischer Partikel
JP2000088851A (ja) 生物学的特異反応測定法及び装置
JPH03501307A (ja) 走査電子顕微鏡に用いるための電極
DE60031521T2 (de) Produkte und verfahren für einzelwert- und vielfachwert-phänotypisierung von zellen
CN103492081A (zh) 流体管线式粒子固定和收集系统以及其使用方法
Reif et al. Simultaneous cell capture and induction of apoptosis using an anti-CD95 affinity microdevice
Paulus et al. Use of membrane filters in air sampling
JP2567068B2 (ja) 電子顕微鏡検体調整法及び電子顕微鏡検体調整器具
CN104792735B (zh) 一种利用表面等离激元散射成像检测病毒的方法和装置
JP4199607B2 (ja) 免疫クロマトグラフィー検査キットおよび免疫クロマトグラフィー検査方法
JPH0634518A (ja) 花粉，ダニ，ハウスダスト等の空気中の浮遊粒子状物の分析方法
EP1277505B1 (fr) Appareil, procédé et système d'analyse de flux pour capter des particules immunogènes
KR101569792B1 (ko) 투과전자현미경 분석을 위한 시료 포집용 필터 조립체 및 필터 제조 장치
US11994516B2 (en) Composition, method and kit for pathology
US11726078B2 (en) Device for rapid detection of tuberculosis-lipoarabinomannan (TB-LAM) with enhanced sensitivity
US20120202189A1 (en) Rapid, semi-automated method to detect respiratory virus infected cells in direct specimens
Noell et al. Nickel concentrations and plant defence in Stackhousia tryonii
KR20240077760A (ko) Cd34의 전용검사를 위한 현장검사 장비
Reynolds et al. Use of a combined IMS/laser scanning procedure for the separation and subsequent detection of cryptosporidium oocysts from water concentrates

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19870327