EP0226829B1 - Climbing device - Google Patents

Climbing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0226829B1
EP0226829B1 EP86116119A EP86116119A EP0226829B1 EP 0226829 B1 EP0226829 B1 EP 0226829B1 EP 86116119 A EP86116119 A EP 86116119A EP 86116119 A EP86116119 A EP 86116119A EP 0226829 B1 EP0226829 B1 EP 0226829B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
eccentric
climbing device
cam
fork
plate
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP86116119A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0226829A1 (en
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Paul-Heinrich Steinacker
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE19853545306 external-priority patent/DE3545306C1/en
Priority claimed from DE19863616026 external-priority patent/DE3616026A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT86116119T priority Critical patent/ATE45887T1/en
Publication of EP0226829A1 publication Critical patent/EP0226829A1/en
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Publication of EP0226829B1 publication Critical patent/EP0226829B1/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B29/00Apparatus for mountaineering
    • A63B29/08Hand equipment for climbers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B29/00Apparatus for mountaineering
    • A63B29/02Mountain guy-ropes or accessories, e.g. avalanche ropes; Means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons
    • A63B29/024Climbing chocks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a climbing device for mountaineers for releasable clamping in a rock crack, crevice or the like, consisting of a holding part, at one end of which a receiving part provided with an axle bolt is arranged and an eccentric pivotally mounted on the axle bolt, the receiving part and the eccentric are designed as parallel cams, the profiled curve surface of which forms the bearing surface, which partially lies against a gap wall when the climbing device is clamped, the curve profile of two cams moving in the same direction being congruent.
  • Such a climbing device is described in DE-A-35 17 741 (published on January 31, 1986).
  • This climbing device has two eccentrics pivotally mounted on the axle bolt, between which the receiving part, which is likewise provided with a curved surface, is arranged. All three cams can be pivoted relative to one another, so that transverse forces acting on the clamped climbing device, in particular when they attack from changing directions, can cause the eccentrics to tilt. The same transverse forces are also the reason why the entire climbing device can move into the gap due to the relative movement of the eccentrics.
  • the transverse forces which occur can result, for example, from corresponding movements of the rope guided in the clamping device which cannot be influenced and which, in the manner described, can lead to the instability corresponding to an unstable two-point position.
  • a climbing device according to the first part of claim 1 is shown in the publication "Soviet Inventions Illustrated " , sections P, Q, week D11, April 22, 1981.
  • Another climbing device is known from DE-OS 34 16 623.
  • the climbing device described therein, equipped with an eccentric is designed in such a way that two opposing curved surfaces of the eccentric are of identical design and, after the climbing device has been introduced, for example into the rock gap, bear against the opposing gap walls.
  • the gap width corresponds approximately to the smallest width of the eccentric, then the climbing device cannot be clamped by the eccentric, since the eccentric is not given the possibility of rotating accordingly in order to achieve a clamping effect.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a climbing device of the generic type which, with structurally simple means, ensures a stable and secure clamping action in any handling situation and holds reliably even with smooth gap walls, and that the climbing device can be used over a larger gap angle range and whose unwanted "wandering into or out of the gap caused by transverse movements of the attached climbing rope is prevented.
  • the receiving part is designed as a fork
  • the eccentric is arranged between the fork legs and the fork legs are designed as cams.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the curve of the eccentric and the curves of the cams are designed so that they are parallel or almost parallel to each other gap walls in each clamped position at an angle of 15 to 20 ° to the cross-sectional center of the axle bolt on the rest against the assigned rock gap wall. It has surprisingly been found that this clamping angle range, which is accordingly the same for every spreading position of the climbing device, results in an optimal clamping effect. In addition, are defined by the Clamping angle guarantees both constant coefficients of friction of the climbing device as a whole in each spread position and identical coefficients of friction of the cams to one another.
  • the axle bolt is no longer secured by means of nuts or split pins as before, but is instead either glued or riveted to the fork legs.
  • weight can be saved, which is very important, since every climber takes a large number of climbing devices with him on a climbing tour and thus any weight reduction makes sense to the extent that the climbing device also in erosion holes with an almost circular cross section, as z. B. occur in limestone or sandstone can be used.
  • the eccentric consists of two eccentric disks which are arranged to be movable with respect to one another and mostly lie flat against one another and are essentially mirror images of one another. As a result, the jammed one is subject to changing pendulum movements. Climbing device in the longitudinal direction of the gap, such as arise, for example, from movements of the pinched climbing rope, reliably avoided that the climbing device moves out of its predetermined position. This both in the gap interior and out of the gap.
  • one eccentric disc performs a relative movement with respect to the other, in which one eccentric disc is loaded under pressure and the other under tension. Since the two load sizes are approximately the same, they are ideally offset against each other, so that overall there is either a standstill or, in the worst case, negligible walking into the crevice, but never walking out of the crevice.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the profiles of the curved surfaces consist of grooves which are semicircular in cross section and which run parallel and at a distance from one another in the transverse direction of the respective curved surface.
  • each tooth is congruent in its curve surface course with the curve surface of the eccentric as a whole, so that the effect of the clamping effect caused by the eccentricity remains unrestricted in every position. Furthermore, the notch effect acting on each tooth is largely reduced by the semicircular cross-sectional shape of the groove, so that tearing out of the teeth, as was observed under extreme load, for example in the case of trapezoidal or rectangular teeth in cross section, is largely avoided.
  • the climbing devices shown in the figures each consist in their basic structure of a holding part 4, a receiving part connected to the holding part 4 at one end, which is designed as a fork 1, in which an axle bolt 5 is fixed.
  • An eccentric 3 is pivotably arranged on the axle pin 5, in which a spiral spring 6 engages in the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, which is guided over the axle pin 5 and which is, on the other hand, fixed to one of the fork legs designed as cam disks 2.
  • the two cam plates 2 forming the fork legs are arranged parallel to the eccentric 3 and are congruent.
  • the eccentric 3 can be pivoted into a zero position via a pull cable 7 connected to the eccentric 3 against the spring force of the spiral spring 6.
  • the clamping device can then be inserted into a rock gap, a fat crack or a hole.
  • the eccentric 3 is spread out from the cams 2 by means of the spiral spring 6 and thus comes into contact with a curved surface as well as against a wall of the gap, the crack or the hole like the curved surfaces of the cams 2 on the opposite wall.
  • stops 8 which are arranged on the one hand on the inside of the cam discs 2 and on the other hand on the two broad sides of the eccentric 3, over-spreading of the clamping device is prevented and the pivoting path of the eccentric 3 is limited.
  • the stops 8 can, as can be seen very clearly in FIGS. 1 and 2, consist in a known manner of recessed pins, split pins or the like.
  • the fork 1 and the eccentric 3 are cast, for example, from aluminum, to also mold the stops 8.
  • the holding part 4 of the clamping device shown in Figures 1 to 3 consists of a rope 9, which can be made of metal or plastic, for example, and the one hand by two side by side. Bores 10 of the fork flange is guided and on the other hand is formed into a loop through which a climbing rope can be guided.
  • a sleeve 12 is pulled over the rope 9, which is preferably made of rubber or a rubber-like plastic and which, in addition to good grip, also protects the rope 9 from damage.
  • FIG. 4 A special embodiment of the holding part 4 is shown in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the rope 9 is guided so that it lies in three layers one above the other in the area in which it is covered by the sleeve 12 and the clamps 11. This can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 4, and it can also be seen that the central axes of the rope strands form a triangle in a cross-sectional position.
  • This formation of the rope 9 has the advantage that while maintaining the flexibility of the holding part 4, which, as already mentioned, is desired, a stiffness of the holding part 4 which facilitates the handling of the climbing device is increased.
  • FIG. 5 Another embodiment of a climbing device is shown in Figures 5 and 6.
  • the cams 2 of the fork 1 are connected to one another in the region of their open end side by a web 13.
  • a particularly lightweight construction of the fork 1 is possible because this web 13 represents a substantial reinforcement with regard to the load-bearing capacity.
  • the holding part 4 consists of a handle bar 15, which can be designed, for example, as a thin-walled tube.
  • a grip loop 16 is provided, which is guided through the fork 1, and whose displacement within the fork 1 is limited by a pin 14 connecting the cams 2 to one another.
  • FIGS. 7 to 10 Examples of use of a climbing device according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 7 to 10.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can be seen there, namely that the curves of the eccentric 3 or the cam disks 2 are designed such that they are at an angle at every clamped position with rock gap walls 17, 18 running parallel or almost parallel to one another from 15 to 20 ° to the cross-sectional center of the axle pin 5 against the respectively assigned gap wall 17, 18.
  • axle pin 5 is fixed in the outer region of the cam plates 2 opposite the holding part 4. It is expedient to place the axle pin 5 as far in the edge region of the cam discs 2 as is still permissible for reasons of strength.
  • the Klettervorrichtun g can be used in rock holes even with a shallow depth with the guarantee that it can also be reliably clamped there; Characterized in that the support points of the eccentric 3, on the other hand of the cams 2 on the gap walls 17, 18 in the direction of the holding part 4 are slightly in front of the axle bolt 5; in any case, when the holding part 4 is loaded, the eccentric 3 or the cam discs 2 spread and the entire climbing device is thus clamped.
  • the eccentric 3 is designed according to a further idea according to the invention so that it is thicker in the edge area delimited by the curved surface than in the rest of the area.
  • the Felsges a t in which the climbing device is used is soft
  • This design of the eccentric 3 offers very great advantages, as a result of the thickening of the eccentric 3 in the curve area, practically a wider contact surface when pressing the eccentric 3 against a gap wall is available, which reduces the surface pressure and thus prevents the eccentric from digging into the rock , which would certainly hinder a subsequent loosening of the climbing device.
  • the climbing device shown in Figures 11 and 12 shows that the eccentric 3 according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention consists of two eccentric discs 20 which are at least partially flat against each other.
  • stop means By means of mutually corresponding stop means, as in the present exemplary embodiment consists of a stop bolt 21 connected to an eccentric disk 20, which is arranged on the surface facing the other eccentric disk 20 and engages in an elongated hole 22 of this eccentric disk 20, the eccentric disks 20 can be moved with respect to one another to a limited extent.
  • the sling means shown in FIG. 11 other embodiments of the sling means are of course also conceivable.
  • a through hole 23 is also provided, through which the traction cable 7, with which the eccentric 3 can be pivoted, is guided.
  • the through bores 23 are larger in diameter than the diameter of the pull cable 7, the difference between the bore diameter and the pull cable diameter corresponding at least to the distance that one eccentric disc 20 can be moved relative to the other. This prevents the traction cable 7 from being subjected to shear during a relative pivoting movement of the eccentric discs 20.
  • Each cam disc 2 has, on its end facing the eccentric 3, projecting into the interior of the fork 1 in each case a stop 24, against which the eccentric discs 20 are also supported with a stop 25 in the non-use position.
  • the eccentric disks 20, which are essentially mirror images of one another, are pressed against the stops 24 by spring force, the spring force being generated by helical springs 26, one of which is guided on a projection 27 formed on each eccentric disk 20, which largely defines the space between an eccentric disk 20 and the assigned curve shit 2. so that the eccentric 3 does not slip sideways. can.
  • Each helical spring 26 engages behind the associated stop 25 of the corresponding eccentric disc 20 at one end and the corresponding stop 24 of the cam disc 2 at the other end.
  • the curved surface 28 of the eccentric 3 is convex in cross section.
  • the climbing device is clamped in, this results in an almost punctiform contact of the eccentric 3 on the corresponding gap wall.
  • the eccentric disks 20 lie against one another over the entire surface. However, it is also conceivable that they lie against one another, for example, in the region of a respective circumferential web, so that there is a partially flat system.
  • the cams 2 each have openings 29, while on the other hand the eccentric disks 20 are provided with depressions 30, the wall thickness in the area of the depressions then logically being less than in the other areas of the eccentric disks 20.
  • Both the cam surfaces of the cam discs 2 and those of the eccentric 3, as can be seen very clearly in FIG. 13, are provided with grooves 31 which are semicircular in cross section and which run parallel and at a distance from one another in the transverse direction of the respective cam surfaces. It is advantageous that the raised parts, which practically form profile teeth, correspond exactly to the section of the curved surface of the cams 2 or the eccentric 3 in the course of the curve of their surface. In addition, a notch effect is restricted, as occurs, for example, when teeth are loaded with sharp-edged profiles.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Klettervorrichtung für Bergsteiger zum lösbaren Einklemmen in einen Felsriß, Felsspalt od. dgl., bestehend aus einem Halteteil, an dessen einem Ende ein mit einem Achsbolzen versehenes Aufnahmeteil angeordnet ist und einem auf dem Achsbolzen schwenkbar gelagerten Exzenter, wobei das Aufnahmeteil und der Exzenter als parallele Kurvenscheiben ausgebildet sind, deren eine Profilierung aufweisende jeweilige Kurvenfläche die Auflagefläche bildet, die bei Klemmstellung der Klettervorrichtung an einer Spaltwand teilweise anliegt, wobei der Kurvenverlauf zweier gleichsinnig bewegter Kurvenscheiben deckungsgleich ist.The present invention relates to a climbing device for mountaineers for releasable clamping in a rock crack, crevice or the like, consisting of a holding part, at one end of which a receiving part provided with an axle bolt is arranged and an eccentric pivotally mounted on the axle bolt, the receiving part and the eccentric are designed as parallel cams, the profiled curve surface of which forms the bearing surface, which partially lies against a gap wall when the climbing device is clamped, the curve profile of two cams moving in the same direction being congruent.

Eine derartige Klettervorrichtung ist in der DE-A-35 17 741 (veröffeutlicht am 31.1.1986) beschrieben. Diese Klettervorrichtung weist zwei auf dem Achsbolzen schwenkbar gelagerte Exzenter auf, zwischen denen das ebenfalls mit einer Kurvenfläche versehene Aufnahmeteil angeordnet ist. Dabei sind alle drei Kurvenscheiben relativ zueinander verschwenkbar, so daß auf die eingeklemmte Klettervorrichtung einwirkende Querkräfte, insbesondere dann, wenn sie aus wechselnden Richtungen angreifen, zu einem Kippen der Exzenter führen können. Die gleichen Querkräfte sind auch Ursache dafür, daß aufgrund der Relativbewegung der Exzenter zueinander die gesamte Klettervorrichtung in den Spalt hineinwandem kann.Such a climbing device is described in DE-A-35 17 741 (published on January 31, 1986). This climbing device has two eccentrics pivotally mounted on the axle bolt, between which the receiving part, which is likewise provided with a curved surface, is arranged. All three cams can be pivoted relative to one another, so that transverse forces acting on the clamped climbing device, in particular when they attack from changing directions, can cause the eccentrics to tilt. The same transverse forces are also the reason why the entire climbing device can move into the gap due to the relative movement of the eccentrics.

Dies kann dann zu gefährlichen Situationen führen, wenn sich der Spalt, in dem die Klettervorrichtung einliegt, nach hinten hin verbreitert, die Exzenter keinen ausreichenden Halt mehr finden bzw. die Klemmwirkung nachläßt und die Exzenter in beschriebener Weise kippen können, so daß die geforderte Klemmwirkung nicht mehr gegeben ist.This can lead to dangerous situations if the gap in which the climbing device is inserted widens towards the rear, the eccentrics no longer find sufficient hold or the clamping action subsides and the eccentrics can tilt in the manner described, so that the required clamping action is no longer given.

Die auftretenden Querkräfte können beispielsweise aus entsprechenden nicht beeinflußbaren Bewegungen des in der Klemmvorrichtung geführten Seiles resultieren, die in beschriebener Weise zu der einer labilen Zweipunktlage entsprechenden Instabilität führen kann.The transverse forces which occur can result, for example, from corresponding movements of the rope guided in the clamping device which cannot be influenced and which, in the manner described, can lead to the instability corresponding to an unstable two-point position.

Ein weiterer Unsicherheitsfaktor der bekannten Klettervorrichtung ist darin zu sehen, daß aufgrund eines nicht definierbaren Klemmwinkels unterschiedliche Reibwerte an den Auflageflächen der Kurvenscheiben wirksam werden. Bei wechselnder Beanspruchung kann sich dadurch die Klettervorrichtung selbsttätig aus dem Felsspalt herausdrehen. Eine Klettervorrichtung gemäß dem ersten Teil von Patentanspruch 1 zeigt die Veröffentlichung « Soviet Inventions Illustrated ", Sektionen P, Q, Woche D11, 22.4.1981. Eine weitere Klettervorrichtung ist aus der DE-OS 34 16 623 bekannt.Another uncertainty factor of the known climbing device can be seen in the fact that, due to a non-definable clamping angle, different coefficients of friction take effect on the bearing surfaces of the cams. With changing loads, the climbing device can automatically turn out of the crevice. A climbing device according to the first part of claim 1 is shown in the publication "Soviet Inventions Illustrated " , sections P, Q, week D11, April 22, 1981. Another climbing device is known from DE-OS 34 16 623.

Die darin beschriebene, mit einem Exzenter ausgestattete Klettervorrichtung ist so gestaltet, daß zwei sich gegenüberliegende Kurvenflächen des Exzenters gleich ausgebildet sind und nach einem Einbringen der Klettervorrichtung, beispielsweise in den Felsspalt, an den sich gegenüberliegenden Spaltwänden anliegen.The climbing device described therein, equipped with an eccentric, is designed in such a way that two opposing curved surfaces of the eccentric are of identical design and, after the climbing device has been introduced, for example into the rock gap, bear against the opposing gap walls.

Bei einer auf die Klettervorrichtung wirkenden Zugbelastung verkeilt sich der Exzenter in dem Felsspalt und verhindert so ein Herausrutschen der Klettervorrichtung. Diese Möglichkeit der Sicherung setzt hier allerdings voraus, daß der Felsspalt größer ist als die kleinste Breite des Exzenters, so daß für diesen noch genug Freiraum bleibt, um sich um den Achsbolzen zu drehen und so eine Klemmwirkung zu erzielen.In the event of a tensile load acting on the climbing device, the eccentric wedges in the rock gap and thus prevents the climbing device from slipping out. This possibility of securing here presupposes, however, that the rock gap is larger than the smallest width of the eccentric, so that there is still enough space for it to turn around the axle bolt and thus achieve a clamping effect.

Entspricht dagegen die Spaltbreite etwa der kleinsten Breite des Exzenters, so ist ein Festklemmen der Klettervorrichtung durch den Exzenter nicht gewährleistet, da dem Exzenter keine Möglichkeit gegeben ist, sich zur Erzielung einer Klemmwirkung entsprechend zu drehen.If, on the other hand, the gap width corresponds approximately to the smallest width of the eccentric, then the climbing device cannot be clamped by the eccentric, since the eccentric is not given the possibility of rotating accordingly in order to achieve a clamping effect.

Die geschilderten Nachteile führen dazu, daß die an die Gerätschaft eines Bergsteigers gestellten Anforderungen, hinsichtlich ihrer absoluten Zuverlässigkeit und Wirksamkeit bei den genannten Klettervorrichtungen nicht gegeben ist.The disadvantages outlined mean that the requirements placed on the equipment of a mountaineer with regard to their absolute reliability and effectiveness are not met with the climbing devices mentioned.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Klettervorrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art zu schaffen, die mit konstruktiv einfachen Mitteln eine in jeder Betastungssituation stabile und sichere Klemmwirkung gewährleistet und auch bei glatten Spaltwänden zuverlässig hält und daß die Klettervorrichtung über einen größeren Spaltwinkelbereich eingesetzt werden kann und deren ungewolltes, durch Querbewegungen des eingehängten Kletterseiles verursachtes « Wandem in den Spalt hinein oder aus ihm heraus verhindert wird.The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a climbing device of the generic type which, with structurally simple means, ensures a stable and secure clamping action in any handling situation and holds reliably even with smooth gap walls, and that the climbing device can be used over a larger gap angle range and whose unwanted "wandering into or out of the gap caused by transverse movements of the attached climbing rope is prevented.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Aufnahmeteil als Gabel ausgebildet, der Exzenter zwischen den Gabelschenkel angeordnet ist und die Gabelschenkel als Kurvenscheiben ausgebildet sind.This object is achieved in that the receiving part is designed as a fork, the eccentric is arranged between the fork legs and the fork legs are designed as cams.

Durch diese konstruktive Ausgestaltung einer Klettervorrichtung wird in Querschnittsebene gesehen praktisch ein Dreipunktlager gebildet, das eine genau definierte Lage einnimmt und ein gleichschenkliges Dreieck bildet. Dadurch ist eine derart stabile Lage geschaffen, daß sowohl ein Kippen des Exzenters als auch ein « Wandern » der gesamten Klettervorrichtung in einen Spalt hinein ausgeschlossen ist.As a result of this design of a climbing device, a three-point bearing is practically formed in the cross-sectional plane, which assumes a precisely defined position and forms an isosceles triangle. This creates such a stable position that tilting of the eccentric as well as "walking" of the entire climbing device into a gap is excluded.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Kurve des Exzenters und die Kurven der Kurvenscheiben so ausgebildet sind, daß sie bei parallel oder nahezu parallel zueinander verlaufenden Felsspaltwänden in jeder eingeklemmten Stellung unter einem Winkel von 15 bis 20° zum Querschnittsmittelpunkt des Achsbolzens an der jeweils zugeordneten Felsspaltwand anliegen. Es hat sich überraschend gezeigt, daß dieser Klemmwinkelbereich, der demnach bei jeder Spreizstellung der Klettervorrichtung gleich ist eine optimale Klemmwirkung zur Folge hat. Darüber hinaus werden durch die definierten Klemmwinkel sowohl konstante Reibwerte der Klettervorrichtung insgesamt in jeder Spreizstellung als auch gleiche Reibwerte der Kurvenscheiben zueinander garantiert.An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the curve of the eccentric and the curves of the cams are designed so that they are parallel or almost parallel to each other gap walls in each clamped position at an angle of 15 to 20 ° to the cross-sectional center of the axle bolt on the rest against the assigned rock gap wall. It has surprisingly been found that this clamping angle range, which is accordingly the same for every spreading position of the climbing device, results in an optimal clamping effect. In addition, are defined by the Clamping angle guarantees both constant coefficients of friction of the climbing device as a whole in each spread position and identical coefficients of friction of the cams to one another.

Da bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Klettervorrichtung ein Abkippen des Exzenters bzw. der Kurvenscheiben unmöglich ist, wird die Gabel, deren Schenkel die Kurvenscheiben bilden, lediglich auf Zug beansprucht, so daß ein Aufbiegen der Gabelschenkel wie es bislang durchaus möglich war, nunmehr ausgeschlossen ist.Since tilting of the eccentric or the cam plates is impossible in a climbing device according to the invention, the fork, the legs of which form the cam plates, is only subjected to tension, so that bending up of the fork legs, as was previously possible, is now impossible.

Es ist nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, den Achsbolzen nicht mehr wie bisher mittels Mutter oder Splinten zu sichern, sondern entweder mit den Gabelschenkeln zu verkleben oder zu vernieten. Dadurch kann einmal Gewicht gespart werden, was insofern sehr wichtigt ist, als von jedem Bergsteiger zu einer Klettertour eine Vielzahl von Klettervorrichtungen mitgenommen wird und somit jegliche Gewichtsreduzierung sinnvoll ist, zum anderen wird auch die Baubreite der Klettervorrichtung mit dem Vorteil reduziert, daß sich der Anwendungsbereich insofern erweitert, als die Klettervorrichtung auch in Erosionslöchern mit einem nahezu kreisförmigen Querschnitt, wie sie z. B. im Kalkfelsgestein oder im Sandstein auftreten, eingesetzt werden kann. Ein weiterer erfindungsgemäßer Gedanke sieht vor, daß der Exzenter aus zwei begrenzt beweglich zueinander angeordneten, zumeist teilweise flächig aneinanderliegenden Exzenterscheiben besteht, die im wesentlichen spiegelbildlich zueinander ausgebildet sind. Dadurch wird bei wechselnden Pendelbewegungen der eingeklemmten. Klettervorrichtung in Längsrichtung des Spaltes, wie sie beispielsweise durch Bewegungen des eingeklemmten Kletterseiles entstehen, in zuverlässiger Weise vermieden, daß die Klettervorrichtung aus ihrer vorgegebenen Position herauswandert. Dies sowohl in das Spaltinnere als auch aus dem Spalt heraus.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the axle bolt is no longer secured by means of nuts or split pins as before, but is instead either glued or riveted to the fork legs. In this way, weight can be saved, which is very important, since every climber takes a large number of climbing devices with him on a climbing tour and thus any weight reduction makes sense to the extent that the climbing device also in erosion holes with an almost circular cross section, as z. B. occur in limestone or sandstone can be used. A further idea according to the invention provides that the eccentric consists of two eccentric disks which are arranged to be movable with respect to one another and mostly lie flat against one another and are essentially mirror images of one another. As a result, the jammed one is subject to changing pendulum movements. Climbing device in the longitudinal direction of the gap, such as arise, for example, from movements of the pinched climbing rope, reliably avoided that the climbing device moves out of its predetermined position. This both in the gap interior and out of the gap.

Bei einer derartigen Pendelbewegung vollzieht eine Exzenterscheibe gegenüber der anderen eine Relativbewegung, bei der eine Exzenterscheibe auf Druck und die andere auf Zug belastet wird. Da beide Belastungsgrößen etwa gleich sind, werden sie im Idealfall gegeneinander aufgehoben, so daß sich insgesamt entweder ein Stillstand oder im ungünstigsten Fall ein vernachlässigbar geringes Wandern in den Felsspalt hinein ergibt, niemals jedoch ein Wandern aus dem Felsspalt heraus.With such a pendulum movement, one eccentric disc performs a relative movement with respect to the other, in which one eccentric disc is loaded under pressure and the other under tension. Since the two load sizes are approximately the same, they are ideally offset against each other, so that overall there is either a standstill or, in the worst case, negligible walking into the crevice, but never walking out of the crevice.

Dieser Effekt im Zusammenwirken mit einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, nach der die Kurvenfläche des Exzenters im Querschnitt konvex gewölbt ist, bietet einmal die Gewähr dafür, daß die Klettervorrichtung insgesamt auch beim Einsatz an glatten Spaltwänden zuverlässig hält, da durch die konvexe Ausbildung der Kurvenfläche praktisch eine Punktauflage erfolgt, bei der sich der Exzenter förmlich in das Gestein eingräbt und die Relativbewegung der Exzenterscheiben zueinander auf ein Minimum begrenzt. Zum anderen kann die Klettervorrichtung durch das geschilderte Zusammenwirken zwischen der Teilung des Exzenters und der konvexen Querschnittswölbung seiner Kurvenfläche auch in Spalten sicher eingesetzt werden, die sich nach außen hin erweitern und deren Winkel größer ist als der Winkel, bei dem bislang die bekannten Klettervorrichtungen zuverlässig eingesetzt werden konnten. War es bisher nur möglich die Klettervorrichtung in Spalten einzusetzen, deren Spaltwinkelbereich nicht größer als 15° war, so läßt sich die erfindungsgemäße Klettervorrichtung auch dort einsetzen wo der Spaltwinkelbereich größer ist.This effect in cooperation with an advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the curved surface of the eccentric is convex in cross section, provides the guarantee that the climbing device as a whole holds reliably even when used on smooth gap walls, since the convex design of the curved surface makes it practical there is a point support in which the eccentric digs itself into the rock and limits the relative movement of the eccentric discs to one another to a minimum. On the other hand, due to the described interaction between the division of the eccentric and the convex cross-sectional curvature of its curved surface, the climbing device can also be used safely in gaps that widen outwards and whose angle is greater than the angle at which the known climbing devices have so far been used reliably could become. Until now, it was only possible to use the climbing device in crevices whose gap angle range was not greater than 15 °, but the climbing device according to the invention can also be used where the gap angle range is larger.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Profilierungen der Kurvenflächen aus im Querschnitt halbkreisförmigen Rillen bestehen, die parallel und mit Abstand zueinander in Querrichtung der jeweiligen Kurvenfläche verlaufen. Zwei wesentliche Vorteile ergeben sich aus dieser erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung :A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the profiles of the curved surfaces consist of grooves which are semicircular in cross section and which run parallel and at a distance from one another in the transverse direction of the respective curved surface. This embodiment of the invention has two major advantages:

Bezeichnet man jeden Abstand zwischen zwei Rillen als Zahn, so ist jeder Zahn in seinem Kurvenflächenverlauf deckungsleich mit der Kurvenfläche des Exzenters insgesamt, so daß der durch die Exzentrizität hervorgerufene Effekt der Klemmwirkung in jeder Stellung uneingeschränkt erhalten bleibt. Weiter wird durch die halbkreisförmige Querschnittsformung der Rille eine auf jeden Zahn wirkende Kerbwirkung weitgehend herabgesetzt, so daß ein Ausreißen der Zähne, wie es bei extremer Belastung beispielsweise bei im Querschnitt trapezförmigen oder rechteckförmigen Zähnen zu beobachten war, weitgehend vermieden wird.If one designates every distance between two grooves as a tooth, each tooth is congruent in its curve surface course with the curve surface of the eccentric as a whole, so that the effect of the clamping effect caused by the eccentricity remains unrestricted in every position. Furthermore, the notch effect acting on each tooth is largely reduced by the semicircular cross-sectional shape of the groove, so that tearing out of the teeth, as was observed under extreme load, for example in the case of trapezoidal or rectangular teeth in cross section, is largely avoided.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand beigefügter Zeichnungen näher beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Es zeigen :

  • Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Klettervorrichtung in einer Seitenansicht,
  • Fig. 2 die in der Fig. 1 dargestellte Klettervorrichtung in einer Vorderansicht,
  • Fig. 3 die in den Figuren 1 und 2 gezeigte Klettervorrichtung mit einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel ihres Halteteiles,
  • Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt durch die Klettervorrichtung gemäß der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 5 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Klettervorrichtung in einer Seitenansicht,
  • Fig. 6 die Vorderansicht der in der Figur 5 gezeigten Klettervorrichtung,
  • Fig. 7 bis 10 verschiedene Anwendungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Klettervorrichtung in einer teilweisen Seitenansicht,
  • Fig. 11 eine Seitenansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispieles einer Klettervorrichtung,
  • Fig. 12 die Klettervorrichtung in einer Vorderansicht, gesehen in Richtung des Pfeiles XII in Fig. 11,
  • Fig. 13 eine Einzelheit gemäß der Linie XIII in Fig. 11.
Show it :
  • 1 is a side view of a climbing device according to the invention,
  • 2 shows the climbing device shown in FIG. 1 in a front view,
  • 3 shows the climbing device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 with a further exemplary embodiment of its holding part,
  • 4 shows a cross section through the climbing device along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3,
  • 5 shows a further embodiment of the climbing device in a side view,
  • 6 shows the front view of the climbing device shown in FIG. 5,
  • 7 to 10 different application examples of the climbing device designed according to the invention in a partial side view,
  • 11 is a side view of another embodiment of a climbing device,
  • 12 shows the climbing device in a front view, viewed in the direction of arrow XII in FIG. 11,
  • 13 shows a detail along the line XIII in FIG. 11.

Die in den Figuren dargestellten Klettervorrichtungen bestehen jeweils in ihrem Grundaufbau aus einem Halteteil 4, einem mit dem Halteteil 4 an einem Ende verbundenen Aufnahmeteil, das als Gabel 1 ausgebildet ist, in dem ein Achsbolzen 5 festgelegt ist. Auf dem Achsbolzen 5 ist schwenkbar ein Exzenter 3 angeordnet, in den bei den in den Figuren 1 bis 6 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen eine Spiralfeder 6 eingreift, die über den Achsbolzen 5 geführt ist, und die andererseits an einem der als Kurvenscheiben 2 ausgebildeten Gabelschenkel festgelegt ist. Die beiden, die Gabelschenkel bildenden Kurvenscheiben 2 sind parallel zu dem Exzenter 3 angeordnet und deckungsgleich ausgebildet.The climbing devices shown in the figures each consist in their basic structure of a holding part 4, a receiving part connected to the holding part 4 at one end, which is designed as a fork 1, in which an axle bolt 5 is fixed. An eccentric 3 is pivotably arranged on the axle pin 5, in which a spiral spring 6 engages in the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, which is guided over the axle pin 5 and which is, on the other hand, fixed to one of the fork legs designed as cam disks 2. The two cam plates 2 forming the fork legs are arranged parallel to the eccentric 3 and are congruent.

Über ein mit dem Exzenter 3 verbundenes Zugseil 7 gegen die Federkraft der Spiralfeder 6 ist der Exzenter 3 in eine Nullage schwenkbar. Sodann kann die Klemmvorrichtung in einen Felsspalt, einen Fetsriß oder ein Loch eingeführt werden. Nach einem Entlasten des Zugseiles 7 wird mittels der Spiralfeder 6 der Exzenter 3 von den Kurvenscheiben 2 abgespreizt und kommt so mit einer Kurvenfläche ebenso zur Anlage an einer Wandung des Spaltes, des Rißes oder des Loches wie die Kurvenflächen der Kurvenscheiben 2 an der gegenüberliegenden Wand.The eccentric 3 can be pivoted into a zero position via a pull cable 7 connected to the eccentric 3 against the spring force of the spiral spring 6. The clamping device can then be inserted into a rock gap, a fat crack or a hole. After relieving the tension cable 7, the eccentric 3 is spread out from the cams 2 by means of the spiral spring 6 and thus comes into contact with a curved surface as well as against a wall of the gap, the crack or the hole like the curved surfaces of the cams 2 on the opposite wall.

Durch Anschläge 8, die einerseits auf der Innenseite der Kurvenscheiben 2 und andererseits auf den beiden Breitseiten des Exzenters 3 angeordnet sind, wird ein Überspreizen der Klemmvorrichtung verhindert und der Schwenkweg des Exzenters 3 begrenzt. Die Anschläge 8 können wie in den Figuren 1 und 2 sehr deutlich zu erkennen, in bekannter Weise aus eingelassenen Stiften, Splinten od. dgl. bestehen. Es ist aber auch möglich, dann, wenn die Gabel 1 und der Exzenter 3 beispielsweise aus Aluminium gegossen sind, die Anschläge 8 mit anzuformen.By stops 8, which are arranged on the one hand on the inside of the cam discs 2 and on the other hand on the two broad sides of the eccentric 3, over-spreading of the clamping device is prevented and the pivoting path of the eccentric 3 is limited. The stops 8 can, as can be seen very clearly in FIGS. 1 and 2, consist in a known manner of recessed pins, split pins or the like. However, it is also possible, when the fork 1 and the eccentric 3 are cast, for example, from aluminum, to also mold the stops 8.

Das Halteteil 4 der in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellten Klemmvorrichtung besteht aus einem Seil 9, das beispielsweise aus Metall oder aus Kunststoff sein kann, und das einerseits durch zwei nebeneinanderliegende. Bohrungen 10 des Gabelflansches geführt ist und andererseits zu einer Schlaufe geformt ist, durch die ein Kletterseil führbar ist.The holding part 4 of the clamping device shown in Figures 1 to 3 consists of a rope 9, which can be made of metal or plastic, for example, and the one hand by two side by side. Bores 10 of the fork flange is guided and on the other hand is formed into a loop through which a climbing rope can be guided.

Durch Klemmen 11, die über das Seil geführt sind und von denen eine eine-Schlaufe begrenzt und die andere in dem der Gabel 1 zugewandten Bereich angeordnet ist, wird das Seil 9 soweit gesichert, daß eine absolut sichere Verbindung mit der Gabel 1 hergestellt ist.By clamps 11, which are guided over the cable and one of which delimits a loop and the other is arranged in the area facing the fork 1, the cable 9 is secured to such an extent that an absolutely secure connection with the fork 1 is established.

Zwischen den beiden Klemmen 11 ist eine Hülse 12 über das Seil 9 gezogen, die vorzugsweise aus Gummi oder einem gummiähnlichen Kunststoff besteht und die neben einer guten Griffigkeit auch einen Schutz des Seiles 9 vor Beschädigungen bietet.Between the two clamps 11, a sleeve 12 is pulled over the rope 9, which is preferably made of rubber or a rubber-like plastic and which, in addition to good grip, also protects the rope 9 from damage.

Eine besondere Ausgestaltung des Halteteiles 4 ist in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellt. Dabei ist das Seil 9 so geführt, daß es in dem Bereich, in dem es von der Hülse 12 und den Klemmen 11 bedeckt ist, dreilagig übereinander liegt. Dies ist insbesondere in der Figur 4 besonders deutlich zu erkennen, wobei auch zu sehen ist, daß die Mittelachsen der Seilstränge in einer Querschnittslage ein Dreieck bilden. Diese Formation des Seiles 9 hat den Vorteil, daß unter Beibehaltung der Flexibilität des Halteteiles 4, die ja, wie schon erwähnt, gewünscht ist, eine die Handhabung der Klettervorrichtung erleichternde Steifigkeit des Halteteiles 4 erhöht wird.A special embodiment of the holding part 4 is shown in Figures 3 and 4. The rope 9 is guided so that it lies in three layers one above the other in the area in which it is covered by the sleeve 12 and the clamps 11. This can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 4, and it can also be seen that the central axes of the rope strands form a triangle in a cross-sectional position. This formation of the rope 9 has the advantage that while maintaining the flexibility of the holding part 4, which, as already mentioned, is desired, a stiffness of the holding part 4 which facilitates the handling of the climbing device is increased.

Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Klettervorrichtung ist in den Figuren 5 und 6 dargestellt.Another embodiment of a climbing device is shown in Figures 5 and 6.

Dabei sind die Kurvenscheiben 2 der Gabel 1 im Bereich ihrer offenen Stimseite durch einen Steg 13 miteinander verbunden. Eine besonders leichte Bauweise der Gabel 1 ist dadurch möglich, da hinsichtlich der Belastbarkeit dieser Steg 13 eine wesentliche Verstärkung darstellt. Das Halteteil 4 besteht bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel aus einer Griffstange 15, die beispielsweise als dünnwandiges Rohr ausgebildet sein kann. Zum Einhängen eines Kletterseiles ist eine Griffschlaufe 16 vorgesehen, die durch die Gabel 1 geführt ist, und deren Verschiebeweg innerhalb der Gabel 1 durch einen die Kurvenscheiben 2 miteinander verbindenden Stift 14 begrenzt ist.The cams 2 of the fork 1 are connected to one another in the region of their open end side by a web 13. A particularly lightweight construction of the fork 1 is possible because this web 13 represents a substantial reinforcement with regard to the load-bearing capacity. In this exemplary embodiment, the holding part 4 consists of a handle bar 15, which can be designed, for example, as a thin-walled tube. For hanging a climbing rope, a grip loop 16 is provided, which is guided through the fork 1, and whose displacement within the fork 1 is limited by a pin 14 connecting the cams 2 to one another.

Einsatzbeispiele einer erfindungsgemäßen Klettervorrichtung sind in den Figuren 7 bis 10 dargestellt.Examples of use of a climbing device according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 7 to 10.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dort zu- erkennen, nämlich, daß die Kurven des Exzenters 3 bzw. der Kurvenscheiben 2 so ausgebildet sind, daß sie bei parallel oder nahezu parallel zueinander verlaufenden Felsspaltwänden 17, 18 in jeder eingeklemmten Stellung unter einem -Winkel von 15 bis 20° zum Querschnittsmittelpunkt des Achsbolzens 5 an der jeweils zugeordneten Felsspaltwand 17, 18 anliegen.A further advantageous embodiment of the invention can be seen there, namely that the curves of the eccentric 3 or the cam disks 2 are designed such that they are at an angle at every clamped position with rock gap walls 17, 18 running parallel or almost parallel to one another from 15 to 20 ° to the cross-sectional center of the axle pin 5 against the respectively assigned gap wall 17, 18.

Wie insbesondere aus den Figuren 1 bis und 7 bis 11 zu erkennen ist, sieht eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vor, daß der Achsbolzen 5 in dem dem Halteteil 4 gegenüberliegenden Außenbereich der Kurvenscheiben 2 festgelegt ist. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, den Achsbolzen 5 soweit im Randbereich der Kurvenscheiben 2 zu platzieren, wie es aus Festigkeitsgründen noch zulässig ist. Durch eine derartige Anordnung des Achsbolzens 5 kann die Klettervorrichtung mit der Gewähr, daß sie auch dort zuverlässig einklemmbar ist, in Felslöchern auch mit geringer Tiefe Verwendung finden; Dadurch, daß die Auflagepunkte einmal des Exzenters 3, zum andem der Kurvenscheiben 2 an den Spaltwänden 17, 18 in Richtung des Halteteiles 4 gesehen geringfügig vor dem Achsbolzen 5 liegen; erfolgt in jedem Fall bei Belastung des Halteteils 4 eine Spreizwirkung des Exzenters 3 bzw. der Kurvenscheiben 2 und damit ein Festklemmen der gesamten Klettervorrichtung.As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 1 to and 7 to 11, a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the axle pin 5 is fixed in the outer region of the cam plates 2 opposite the holding part 4. It is expedient to place the axle pin 5 as far in the edge region of the cam discs 2 as is still permissible for reasons of strength. With such an arrangement of the axle pin 5, the Klettervorrichtun g can be used in rock holes even with a shallow depth with the guarantee that it can also be reliably clamped there; Characterized in that the support points of the eccentric 3, on the other hand of the cams 2 on the gap walls 17, 18 in the direction of the holding part 4 are slightly in front of the axle bolt 5; in any case, when the holding part 4 is loaded, the eccentric 3 or the cam discs 2 spread and the entire climbing device is thus clamped.

Bei der in der Figur 12 dargestellten Klettervorrichtung ist der Exzenter 3 nach einem weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Gedanken so gestaltet, daß dieser im durch die Kurvenfläche begrenzten Randbereich dicker ist als im übrigen Bereich. Insbesondere dann, wenn das Felsgestein, in dem die Klettervorrichtung eingesetzt wird, weich ist, bietet diese Ausgestaltung des Exzenters 3 sehr große Vorteile, dadurch die Verdickung des Exzenters 3 im Kurvenbereich praktisch eine breitere Auflagefläche beim Anpressen des Exzenters 3 an eine Spaltwand zur Verfügung steht, die die Flächenpressung vermindert und somit verhindert, daß sich der Exzenter in das Gestein eingräbt, was mit Sicherheit ein nachfolgendes Lösen der Klettervorrichtung behindern würde.In the climbing device shown in FIG. 12, the eccentric 3 is designed according to a further idea according to the invention so that it is thicker in the edge area delimited by the curved surface than in the rest of the area. In particular, when the Felsges a t, in which the climbing device is used is soft, This design of the eccentric 3 offers very great advantages, as a result of the thickening of the eccentric 3 in the curve area, practically a wider contact surface when pressing the eccentric 3 against a gap wall is available, which reduces the surface pressure and thus prevents the eccentric from digging into the rock , which would certainly hinder a subsequent loosening of the climbing device.

Desweiteren zeigt die in den Figuren 11 und 12 dargestellte Klettervorrichtung, das der Exzenter 3 nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung aus zwei Exzenterscheiben 20 besteht, die zumindest teilweise flächig aneinanderliegen.Furthermore, the climbing device shown in Figures 11 and 12 shows that the eccentric 3 according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention consists of two eccentric discs 20 which are at least partially flat against each other.

Mittels miteinander korrespondierender Anschlagmittel, wie im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel aus einem mit einer Exzenterscheibe 20 verbundenen Anschlagbolzen 21 besteht, der auf der der anderen Exzenterscheibe 20 zugewandten Fläche angeordnet ist und in ein Langloch 22 dieser Exzenterscheibe 20 eingreift, sind die Exzenterscheiben 20 begrenzt zueinander beweglich. Neben den in der Figur 11 dargestellten Anschlagmitteln sind selbstverständlich auch andere Ausführungsformen der Anschlagmittel denkbar.By means of mutually corresponding stop means, as in the present exemplary embodiment consists of a stop bolt 21 connected to an eccentric disk 20, which is arranged on the surface facing the other eccentric disk 20 and engages in an elongated hole 22 of this eccentric disk 20, the eccentric disks 20 can be moved with respect to one another to a limited extent. In addition to the sling means shown in FIG. 11, other embodiments of the sling means are of course also conceivable.

Bei deckungsgleicher Lage der Exzenterscheiben 20 ist jeweils ebenfalls deckungsgleich eine Durchgangsbohrung 23 vorgesehen, durch die das Zugseil 7, mit dem der Exzenter 3 schwenkbar ist geführt wird. Die Durchgangsbohrungen 23 sind dabei in ihrem Durchmesser größer als der Durchmesser des Zugseiles 7, wobei die Differenz zwischen dem Bohrungsdurchmesser und dem Zugseildurchmesser mindestens der Strecke entspricht, die eine Exzenterscheibe 20 gegenüber der anderen bewegbar ist. Dadurch wird verhindert, daß das Zugseil 7 bei einer relativen Schwenkbewegung der Exzenterscheiben 20 zueinander auf Scherung beansprucht wird.When the eccentric disks 20 are in the same position, a through hole 23 is also provided, through which the traction cable 7, with which the eccentric 3 can be pivoted, is guided. The through bores 23 are larger in diameter than the diameter of the pull cable 7, the difference between the bore diameter and the pull cable diameter corresponding at least to the distance that one eccentric disc 20 can be moved relative to the other. This prevents the traction cable 7 from being subjected to shear during a relative pivoting movement of the eccentric discs 20.

Ebenfalls zur Schonung des Zugseiles 7 trägt bei, daß die beiden Kurvenscheiben 2 der Gabel 1 verbindenden Gabelflansch 8 auf seinem dem Exzenter 3 zugewandten Endbereichen abgerundet ist, so daß bei einer Betätigung des Zugseiles 7, bei der der Gabelflansch 8 ein Auflager bildet, eine materialschonende Führung erzielt wird.Also to protect the pull cable 7 helps that the two cams 2 of the fork 1 connecting fork flange 8 is rounded on its end regions facing the eccentric 3, so that when the pull cable 7 is actuated, in which the fork flange 8 forms a support, it is gentle on the material Leadership is achieved.

Jede Kurvenscheibe 2 weist auf ihren dem Exzenter 3 zugewandten Ende in den Innenraum der Gabel 1 ragend jeweils einen Anschlag 24 auf, an denen sich die Exzenterscheiben 20 ebenfalls mit einem Anschlag 25 in Nichtgebrauchsstellung abstützen. Die im wesentlichen spiegelbildlich zueinander ausgebildeten Exzenterscheiben 20 werden mittels Federkraft an die Anschläge 24 gedrückt, wobei die Federkraft durch Schraubenfedern 26 erzeugt wird, von denen jeweils eine auf einem an jeder Exzenterscheibe 20 angeformten Ansatz 27 geführt ist, der weitgehend den Zwischenraum zwischen einer Exzenterscheibe 20 und der zugeordneten Kurvenscheiße 2 ausfüiit. so daß der Exzenter 3 seitlich nicht verrutschen . kann. Jede Schraubenfeder 26 hintergreift mit einem Ende den zugeordneten Anschlag 25 der entsprechenden Exzenterscheibe 20 und mit dem anderen Ende den entsprechenden Anschlag 24 der Kurvenscheibe 2.Each cam disc 2 has, on its end facing the eccentric 3, projecting into the interior of the fork 1 in each case a stop 24, against which the eccentric discs 20 are also supported with a stop 25 in the non-use position. The eccentric disks 20, which are essentially mirror images of one another, are pressed against the stops 24 by spring force, the spring force being generated by helical springs 26, one of which is guided on a projection 27 formed on each eccentric disk 20, which largely defines the space between an eccentric disk 20 and the assigned curve shit 2. so that the eccentric 3 does not slip sideways. can. Each helical spring 26 engages behind the associated stop 25 of the corresponding eccentric disc 20 at one end and the corresponding stop 24 of the cam disc 2 at the other end.

Wie die Figur 12 besonders deutlich zeigt, ist die Kurvenfläche 28 des Exzenters 3 im Querschnitt konvex gewölbt. In eingeklemmtem Zustand der Klettervorrichtung ergibt sich dadurch eine nahezu punktförmige Anlage des Exzenters 3 an der entsprechenden Spaltwand. Die Exzenterscheiben 20 liegen im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel vollflächig aneinander. Denkbar ist jedoch auch, daß sie beispielsweise im Bereich eines jeweils umlaufenden Steges aneinander liegen, so daß eine teilweise flächige Anlage besteht.As FIG. 12 shows particularly clearly, the curved surface 28 of the eccentric 3 is convex in cross section. When the climbing device is clamped in, this results in an almost punctiform contact of the eccentric 3 on the corresponding gap wall. In the present exemplary embodiment, the eccentric disks 20 lie against one another over the entire surface. However, it is also conceivable that they lie against one another, for example, in the region of a respective circumferential web, so that there is a partially flat system.

Zur Gewichtsreduzierung der gesamten Klettervorrichtung ist einmal vorgesehen, daß die Kurvenscheiben 2 jeweils Durchbrechungen 29 aufweisen, während zum anderen die Exzenterscheiben 20 mit Absenkungen 30 versehen sind, wobei dann logischerweise die Wandstärke im Bereich der Absenkungen geringer ist als in den übrigen Bereichen der Exzenterscheiben 20.To reduce the weight of the entire climbing device, it is provided that the cams 2 each have openings 29, while on the other hand the eccentric disks 20 are provided with depressions 30, the wall thickness in the area of the depressions then logically being less than in the other areas of the eccentric disks 20.

Sowohl die Kurvenflächen der Kurvenscheiben 2 als auch die des Exzenters 3 sind, wie in der Figur 13 sehr deutlich zu sehen ist, mit im Querschnitt halbkreisförmigen Rillen 31 versehen, die parallel und mit Abstand zueinander in Querrichtung der jeweiligen Kurvenflächen verlaufen. Vorteilhaft ist dabei, daß die erhabenen Teile, die praktisch Profilzähne bilden, im Kurvenverlauf ihrer Oberfläche exakt dem Abschnitt der Kurvenfläche der Kurvenscheiben 2 bzw. des Exzenters 3 entsprechen. Darüber hinaus wird eine Kerbwirkung eingeschränkt, wie sie beispielsweise bei belasteten Zähnen mit scharfkantigen Profilierungen auftritt.Both the cam surfaces of the cam discs 2 and those of the eccentric 3, as can be seen very clearly in FIG. 13, are provided with grooves 31 which are semicircular in cross section and which run parallel and at a distance from one another in the transverse direction of the respective cam surfaces. It is advantageous that the raised parts, which practically form profile teeth, correspond exactly to the section of the curved surface of the cams 2 or the eccentric 3 in the course of the curve of their surface. In addition, a notch effect is restricted, as occurs, for example, when teeth are loaded with sharp-edged profiles.

Claims (16)

1. A climbing device for mountaineers for being releasably jammed in a crack or gap in the rock or the like comprising a holding portion, at one end of which is arranged a mounting portion provided with a pivot pin, and an eccentric mounted pivotably on the pivot pin, wherein the mounting portion and the eccentric are in the form of parallel cam plates in which the respective cam surface which has a profiling forms the contact surface which in the jamming position of the climbing device bears partially against the- wall of a gap, wherein the cam configurations of two cam plates which are moved in the same direction are congruent, characterised in that the mounting portion is in the form of a fork (1), the eccentric (3) is arranged between the limbs of the fork and the limbs of the fork are in the form of cam plates (2).
2. A climbing device according to claim 1 characterised -in that the curves of the eccentric (3) and the cam plates (2) are of such a configuration that, when the walls (17, 18) of a gap in the rock extend parallel or almost parallel to each other, the curves bear in any jammed position at an angle of 15° to 20° to the cross-sectional centre point of the pivot pin (5) against the respectively associated wall (17, 18) of the gap in the rock.
3. A climbing device according to claim 1 characterised in that the holding portion (4) is formed from a line (9) which on the one hand is passed through bores (10) in the flange of the fork and which on the other hand is brought round to form a loop, and that an elastic sleeve (12) is passed over the line (9) between the loop and the flange of the fork.
4. A climbing device according to claim 1 characterised in that the holding portion (4) is in the form of a grip bar (15) comprising a tube, preferably a thin-wall tube, and that there is provided a grip loop (16) which is passed through the fork (1), wherein a pin (14) is arranged between the cam plates (2) for limiting the displacement of the grip loop (16).
5. A climbing device according to claim 1 characterised in that the pivot pin (5) is connected to the cam plates (2) by adhesive or riveting.
6. A climbing device according to claim 1 characterised in that the pivot pin (5) is disposed in the outer region of the cam plates (2), which is in opposite relationship to the holding portion (4).
7. A climbing device according to claim 1 characterised in that the eccentric is thicker in its edge region which is delimited by the cam surface, than in the remainder thereof.
8. A climbing device according to claim 1 characterised in that the eccentric (3) comprises two eccentric plates (20) which are arranged to be limitedly movable relative to each other and which bear against each other at least partly in surface contact and which are of substantially mirror-image configuration relative to each other.
9. A climbing device according to claim 1 or claim 8 characterised in that the cam surface (28) of the eccentric (3) is convexly curved in cross-section.
10. A climbing device according to claim 8 characterised in that the eccentric plates (20) have mutually corresponding abutment means on their surfaces which are towards each other.
11. A climbing device according to claim 10 characterised in that the abutment means comprise an abutment pin (21) arranged at the inside surface of an eccentric plate (20) and a slot in the other eccentric plate (20), the abutment pin (21) being guided in the slot (22).
12. A climbing device according to claim 8 characterised in that each eccentric plate (20) is provided with a bore (23) which, when the eccentric plates (20) are arranged in a congruent position, are also arranged in congruent relationship, and through which the pull line (7) is passed, wherein the diameter of the bores (23) is greater than the diameter of the pull line (7) and the difference between the bore diameter and the pull line diameter corresponds at least to the distance by which one eccentric plate (20) is movable relative to the other.
13. A climbing device according to one of preceding claims 1 to 12 characterised in that at its upper end each cam plate (2)-has an abutment (24) which projects into the interior and against which bears a respective abutment (25) disposed on each eccentric plate (20).
14. A climbing device according to one of preceding claims 8 to 13 characterised in that on its side towards the corresponding cam plate (2) each eccentric plate (20) has a projection (27) which is provided with a bore through which the pivot pin (5) is passed, the thickness of the projection approximately corresponding to the spacing between the eccentric plate (20) and the associated cam plate (2).
15. A climbing device according to claim 14 characterised in that a spring (26) in the form of a coil spring is carried on each projection (27), each spring engaging with one end behind the respective projection (24) on the cam plate (2) and with the other end behind the respective projection (25) on the associated eccentric plate (20).
16. A climbing device according to claim 1 characterised in that the profile configurations on the cam plates (2) and the eccentric (3) are formed by grooves (19) which are of semicircular cross-section and which extend parallel and at a spacing from each other in the transverse direction of the respective cam surface.
EP86116119A 1985-12-20 1986-11-21 Climbing device Expired EP0226829B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86116119T ATE45887T1 (en) 1985-12-20 1986-11-21 CLIMBING DEVICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3545306 1985-12-20
DE19853545306 DE3545306C1 (en) 1985-12-20 1985-12-20 Climbing apparatus
DE19863616026 DE3616026A1 (en) 1986-05-13 1986-05-13 Climbing apparatus
DE3616026 1986-05-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0226829A1 EP0226829A1 (en) 1987-07-01
EP0226829B1 true EP0226829B1 (en) 1989-08-30

Family

ID=25839133

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86116119A Expired EP0226829B1 (en) 1985-12-20 1986-11-21 Climbing device

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0226829B1 (en)
KR (1) KR870005659A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150290499A1 (en) * 2014-04-12 2015-10-15 Black Diamond Equipment, Ltd. Cam Stem System

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4923160A (en) * 1988-12-02 1990-05-08 Waggoner David L Camming means for climbing anchors
SE469238B (en) * 1990-03-05 1993-06-07 Lars Alf Fraendberg EXPANDABLE ANCHORING DEVICE INCLUDING A ROLLING ELEMENT
FR2756745B1 (en) * 1996-12-09 1999-03-05 Benhamou Clement COINCEUR, ESPECIALLY FOR MOUNTAINEERERS
KR101439300B1 (en) 2013-12-13 2014-09-11 홍상권 The Diamond-Shape Cam For Climbing Rock Wall
US10463916B2 (en) * 2016-07-01 2019-11-05 Erick Matthew Davidson Active camming device
CN113679978B (en) * 2021-08-23 2022-09-13 广东电网有限责任公司 Eccentric wheel linkage type lock catch and safety belt device

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3416623A1 (en) * 1984-05-05 1985-11-07 Edelmann & Ridder GmbH & Co, 7972 Isny CLIMBING DEVICE FOR MOUNTAINEERING
DE3517741A1 (en) * 1985-05-17 1986-01-23 Stefan 4370 Marl Engers CLIMBING AID, ESPECIALLY FOR MOUNTAINEERING

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150290499A1 (en) * 2014-04-12 2015-10-15 Black Diamond Equipment, Ltd. Cam Stem System
US10143892B2 (en) * 2014-04-12 2018-12-04 Black Diamond Equipment, Ltd. Cam stem system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR870005659A (en) 1987-07-06
EP0226829A1 (en) 1987-07-01

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