EP0225444B1 - Procédé de commande d'un électro-aimant - Google Patents

Procédé de commande d'un électro-aimant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0225444B1
EP0225444B1 EP86113598A EP86113598A EP0225444B1 EP 0225444 B1 EP0225444 B1 EP 0225444B1 EP 86113598 A EP86113598 A EP 86113598A EP 86113598 A EP86113598 A EP 86113598A EP 0225444 B1 EP0225444 B1 EP 0225444B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electromagnet
current
frequency
circuit
controlling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86113598A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0225444A1 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Audi AG
Original Assignee
Audi AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi AG filed Critical Audi AG
Publication of EP0225444A1 publication Critical patent/EP0225444A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0225444B1 publication Critical patent/EP0225444B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1805—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
    • H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, a circuit arrangement for carrying out the method is specified in claim 4.
  • the holding phase can only start when the armature has been reliably attracted by the magnet, since the holding current is sufficient to hold an armature that has been tightened in the working position, but not to attract the armature.
  • Circuits are therefore known which are based on measuring the current rise during the excitation of the coil and which detect a possibly occurring negative value of the first derivative of the current rise in order to derive a hit detection therefrom.
  • the functional reliability of such circuits has not proven itself, in particular they are heavily dependent on the supply voltage and, in particular, no longer function if the supply voltage increases.
  • This evaluation circuit is relatively complicated and requires fine measuring methods.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a switching arrangement corresponding to the method, which enables reliable determination of whether the armature is an electromagnet in the working or in the rest position.
  • the invention is based on a clocked power supply in the holding phase for the electromagnet, wherein the supply current for the electromagnet is always switched off when it exceeds an upper limit value and is switched on again when it falls below a lower limit value.
  • the current flow does not suddenly increase due to the inductance of the magnet, and during the switch-off process it does not drop suddenly, a free-wheeling circuit being able to provide a longer maintenance of a current flow through the magnet.
  • the clock frequency is dependent on the supply voltage, the temperature of the coil and the inductance of the magnet.
  • the deviations in the clock frequency caused by temperature changes and also by the change in the supply voltage are negligibly small compared to the deviations caused by the changes in the inductance of the magnet due to the fact that the magnet has a significantly different inductance in the working state, i.e. with the armature plate attracted than in the rest position, in which the armature plate is spaced from the pole faces.
  • the change in the clock frequency caused thereby is evaluated, so that reliable detection is possible as to whether the magnet has attracted the armature plate or not.
  • FIG. 2 shows a circuit in which an electromagnetic consumer 10 has a freewheeling circuit 12 lying parallel to it, which is indicated by a diode.
  • This electromagnetic consumer 10 with its free-wheeling circuit 12 is connected to a supply voltage 14 on one side, the other side is connected at 16 to ground.
  • an output stage 18 or a switching element which is indicated here as a transistor, it is possible to let the current flow from the positive pole 14 through the electromagnetic consumer 10 to the ground connection 16. If the output stage 18 is blocked, the current flows from the coil 10 via its free-wheeling circuit 12.
  • a measuring resistor 26 is provided in the freewheeling circuit 10, 12, from which information about the current strength is tapped via a line 24. This information is fed to a control circuit 22, which also receives external control signals via an input 20.
  • the rising phase is designated with the letter A
  • the falling phase with the letter B.
  • the duration of the interval A + B determines the frequency of the clocking.
  • This frequency value can be tapped at the output of the control circuit 22, there even as a clean square-wave signal, and is fed to a frequency measuring element 30.
  • the frequency measuring element 30 detects this frequency and compares it with a predetermined reference value, and if the actual value deviates too much from the target value, the frequency element 30 emits an error signal to the control circuit 22.
  • Fig. 1 the curves for the frequency of the clock current for the electromagnetic consumption 10 for the two different positions of the anchor plate are shown and designated by the letters K 1 and K 2 .
  • K 1 and K 2 the curves for the frequency of the clock current for the electromagnetic consumption 10 for the two different positions of the anchor plate are shown and designated by the letters K 1 and K 2 .
  • a comparison makes it easy to see that the frequency of the curves undergoes a significant change depending on whether the anchor plate is tightened or not.
  • the frequency change is up to 50%, so that there is a significant and easily evaluable value to determine whether the anchor plate has been tightened or not.
  • a signal is generated in the control circuit 22, which has received this information from the frequency measuring element 30, and a new switch-on process is started.
  • a first switch-on current with a high amplitude is generated, while the current strength of the subsequent holding current can be significantly lower and has a current strength that is only about 20% of the maximum switch-on current.
  • the circuit according to the invention can be used to control a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine, which is held in its end positions by electromagnetic force.
  • the working position of the armature corresponds to an excited magnet that holds the gas exchange valve in the open position
  • the second work position corresponds to the excitation of a second magnet that holds the gas exchange valve in the closed position. Since a malfunction would result in the combustion process failing, immediate and reliable detection is essential. As soon as a failure of the system is reported by the function monitoring according to the invention, a restart is initiated in order to bring the gas exchange valve into the intended working position.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Procédé d'activation d'un électro-aimant (10) qui attire une armature, l'électro-aimant (10) étant activé dans sa phase de maintien par un courant impulsionnel en provenance d'une alimentation en courant, le courant étant coupé lorsqu'il dépasse vers le haut une valeur de seuil supérieure et étant rétabli lorsqu'il dépasse vers le bas une valeur de seuil inférieure, caracterisé en ce que la fréquence des; impulsions pendant la phase de maintien est détectée et est comparée à une valeur de fréquence pré- définie, et en ce qu'un signal d'erreur est déclenché en cas de dépassement d'un écart maximal.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel un courant d'excitation plus; fort passe à travers l'électro-aimant au début de la phase d'activation, puis un courant de maintien plus faible, caractérisé en ce que le processus d'activation est lancé de nouveau en cas de déclenchement du signal d'erreur.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'écart maximal s'élève à 20% environ.
4. Circuit pour l'exécution du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, pour l'activation d'un électro-aimant, comprenant des surfaces polaires et une plaque d'armature qui est écartée dans l'état hors circuit de l'aimant et est déplacée en direction de la surface polaire dans l'état excité, un circuit de relaxation (12) en parallèle avec l'électro-aimant, un organe de commutation (18) qui commande le courant de l'électro-aimant (10), un circuit de réglage (22) qui, pendant la phase de maintien de l'électro-aimant (10), active l'organe de commutation (18) en vue de l'alimentation impulsionnelle en courant, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un organe de mesure de fréquence (30) qui mesure la fréquence du courant impulsionnel et qui active le circuit de réglage (22) et/ou active de nouveau le système de l'aimant.
5. Circuit selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de mesure de fréquence (30) mesure la fréquence à la sortie du circuit de réglage (22).
EP86113598A 1985-12-05 1986-10-02 Procédé de commande d'un électro-aimant Expired - Lifetime EP0225444B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3543055A DE3543055C1 (de) 1985-12-05 1985-12-05 Schaltungsanordnung zum Ansteuern eines Elektromagneten
DE3543055 1985-12-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0225444A1 EP0225444A1 (fr) 1987-06-16
EP0225444B1 true EP0225444B1 (fr) 1990-10-24

Family

ID=6287740

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86113598A Expired - Lifetime EP0225444B1 (fr) 1985-12-05 1986-10-02 Procédé de commande d'un électro-aimant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0225444B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62134911A (fr)
CA (1) CA1276679C (fr)
DE (2) DE3543055C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2018147B3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3701985A1 (de) * 1987-01-23 1988-08-04 Knorr Bremse Ag Vorschaltelektronik fuer ein gleichspannungserregbares geraet
DE3703089A1 (de) * 1987-02-03 1988-08-11 Vdo Schindling Verfahren und anordnung zum betrieb eines elektro-mechanischen stellgliedes
DE3741734C2 (de) * 1987-12-09 1996-09-26 Herion Werke Kg Vorrichtung zur Messung der Induktivität einer Spule, insbesondere zur Messung der Ankerstellung eines Spulen/Anker-Magnetsystems
US5038247A (en) * 1989-04-17 1991-08-06 Delco Electronics Corporation Method and apparatus for inductive load control with current simulation
US5053911A (en) * 1989-06-02 1991-10-01 Motorola, Inc. Solenoid closure detection
DE3923477A1 (de) * 1989-07-15 1991-01-24 Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur steuerung der ankerbewegung von schaltmagneten
GB9006973D0 (en) * 1990-03-28 1990-05-23 Vickers Systems Ltd Digital pulse-width-modulation generator for current control
US5243296A (en) * 1990-11-06 1993-09-07 Tokimec Inc. Method and apparatus for checking operation of solenoid
DE4130040A1 (de) * 1991-09-10 1993-03-11 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag Schaltungsanordnung zur ueberwachung einer elektromagnetisch betaetigten kupplung
GB2260030A (en) * 1991-09-14 1993-03-31 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Control systems for electromagnetic valves
IT1263110B (it) * 1992-03-24 1996-07-30 Magneti Marelli Spa Sistema di avviamento per un motore a combustione interna e solenoide utilizzabile in tale sistema di avviamento
GB2306679B (en) * 1995-11-03 2000-05-17 Motorola Ltd Method for detecting closure of a solenoid coil
DE19623436A1 (de) * 1996-06-12 1997-12-18 Rapp Franz Josef Meßverfahren zur Darstellung von Änderungen in einem magnetischen Kreis
US5784245A (en) * 1996-11-27 1998-07-21 Motorola Inc. Solenoid driver and method for determining solenoid operational status
WO1999046783A1 (fr) * 1998-03-11 1999-09-16 Btr Industries Limited Commande de dispositif d'actionnement a alimentation electrique
DE19821804C1 (de) * 1998-05-15 1999-08-12 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren zur Funktionsüberwachung eines elektromagnetisch betätigten Gaswechselventils
IT1321161B1 (it) 2000-03-24 2003-12-30 Magneti Marelli Spa Metodo per la regolazione di correnti durante fasi di stazionamento inattuatori elettromagnetici per l'azionamento di valvole di
DE10302988B3 (de) * 2003-01-25 2004-10-28 Festo Ag & Co. Schaltungsvorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines durch eine Magnetspulenanordnung fließenden, durch Taktung geregelten Spulenstroms
DE10358858A1 (de) 2003-12-16 2005-07-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer induktiven Last mit unterschiedlichen elektrischen Spannungen
US7527002B2 (en) * 2004-07-07 2009-05-05 Cwa Constructions S.A. Cableway cabin

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2102595A1 (de) * 1971-01-20 1972-08-03 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung fur einen über einen Verstarker steuerbaren Elektromagne ten
DE2208135C3 (de) * 1972-02-22 1975-04-17 Voith Getriebe Kg, 7920 Heidenheim Betriebsschaltung für einen Elektromagneten
DE2251472C3 (de) * 1972-10-20 1983-11-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Schaltungsanordnung zum Kontrollieren der mechanischen Bewegung eines Magnetventilankers
DD106243A1 (fr) * 1973-07-19 1974-06-05
DE2601799A1 (de) * 1976-01-20 1977-07-21 Licentia Gmbh Schaltanordnung zur betaetigung eines elektromagnetsystems
US4123729A (en) * 1977-07-22 1978-10-31 General Motors Corporation Displacement transducer
DE3326605A1 (de) * 1983-07-23 1985-02-07 Binder Magnete GmbH, 7730 Villingen-Schwenningen Verfahren und schaltungsanordnung zur ueberwachung der hublage des ankers eines elektro-hubmagneten, insb. eines ventilmagneten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1276679C (fr) 1990-11-20
JPS62134911A (ja) 1987-06-18
DE3675167D1 (de) 1990-11-29
EP0225444A1 (fr) 1987-06-16
DE3543055C1 (de) 1986-12-11
ES2018147B3 (es) 1991-04-01
JPH0368522B2 (fr) 1991-10-28

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