EP0225207B1 - Cinematic transmission chain between the control mechanism and the poles of an electric circuit breaker with a moulded insulating casing - Google Patents

Cinematic transmission chain between the control mechanism and the poles of an electric circuit breaker with a moulded insulating casing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0225207B1
EP0225207B1 EP86402269A EP86402269A EP0225207B1 EP 0225207 B1 EP0225207 B1 EP 0225207B1 EP 86402269 A EP86402269 A EP 86402269A EP 86402269 A EP86402269 A EP 86402269A EP 0225207 B1 EP0225207 B1 EP 0225207B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
pole
cage
case
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86402269A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0225207A1 (en
Inventor
Marc Bur
Jean-Pierre Nebon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8516345A external-priority patent/FR2589624B1/en
Priority claimed from FR8516346A external-priority patent/FR2589625B1/en
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Publication of EP0225207A1 publication Critical patent/EP0225207A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0225207B1 publication Critical patent/EP0225207B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/0015—Means for testing or for inspecting contacts, e.g. wear indicator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/22—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact
    • H01H1/221—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member
    • H01H1/226—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member having a plurality of parallel contact bars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/0006—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches for converting electric switches
    • H01H11/0018—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches for converting electric switches for allowing different operating parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H2001/001—Contacts providing easy replacement of contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/22—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact
    • H01H1/221—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member
    • H01H1/226—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member having a plurality of parallel contact bars
    • H01H2001/228—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member having a plurality of parallel contact bars with insulating spacers between the contact bars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H2009/305—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts including means for screening for arc gases as protection of mechanism against hot arc gases or for keeping arc gases in the arc chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
    • H01H71/0207—Mounting or assembling the different parts of the circuit breaker
    • H01H71/0228—Mounting or assembling the different parts of the circuit breaker having provisions for interchangeable or replaceable parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is to improve the manufacturing management of a range of circuit breakers with molded insulating housing, thanks to the rapid interchangeability of the poles during assembly.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that the sub-assembly formed by the support cage for the contact fingers and one of the connection pads of each pole is secured to a wall of the housing, by means of a device fixing integral with the range, and that the cage is connected to the bar by a mechanical connection cooperating with a disengageable coupling member, capable of interrupting the kinematic chain of transmission with the bar at each pole.
  • the coupling member of the mechanical connection is arranged in a housing of the cage between a first retracted position, and a second retaining position corresponding respectively to the uncoupling and to the coupling of said cage with the mechanical connection.
  • the disconnection of the device for fixing the range, and the separation of the cage with the control mechanism frees the sub-assembly from the movable contact which can be easily extracted by the rear face of the housing, and replaced by another sub-assembly of different nature, so as to transform a standard circuit breaker into a circuit breaker limiter, selective or different caliber. It suffices to store different types of subsets of movable contacts, and to adapt a subset of a predetermined pole in a circuit-breaker housing with standard mechanism to obtain a desired device.
  • the body of the insulating cage has an orifice for accessing the housing of the coupling member to allow the latter to move to the first retracted position against the force of a return spring.
  • the actuation of the disengageable coupling member towards the retracted position is advantageously carried out by means of a tool inserted into the orifice of the cage.
  • the support cage for the contact fingers of each pole is pivotally mounted on the connection pad of the sub-assembly.
  • the axis of the cage is positioned in bearings of a stirrup integral with the range, and the fixing screw of the sub-assembly passes through the stirrup to be introduced into a hole in the housing.
  • the cage of the sub-assembly advantageously constitutes an electric and thermal screen between the upper compartment of the box containing the mechanism, and the lower compartment for housing the poles.
  • the cage also forms a barrier against pollution by cutting gases.
  • One of the side faces of the insulating box has an opening for communication with the housing compartment of the pair of contacts separable from each pole, and the arc extinguishing chamber is secured to an insulating support capable of being moved in translation in the longitudinal direction of the pole to ensure either the closing of said opening in the inserted position of the chamber inside of the housing, or the extraction of the chamber through said opening.
  • the visual control of the state of the contacts takes place pole by pole after removal of the corresponding arc extinguishing chamber, and without disassembly of the insulating housing.
  • Each pole is advantageously fitted with a contact wear indicator formed by a visualization mark placed on the insulating cage for supporting the movable contact.
  • the latter comprises a plurality of contact fingers associated with contact pressure springs, each finger having an extension located in the vicinity of the reference mark constituted for example by a semi-open notch of the cage. The position of the end of the extension relative to the mark determines the wear of the contacts.
  • a low-voltage electric circuit breaker 10 having a plurality of juxtaposed poles, comprises a casing 12 molded parallelepiped of insulating material, formed by the assembly of an intermediate casing 14 with open bottoms, a cover 16 shutter of the upper bottom and a plate or base base 18 for closing the lower bottom.
  • the intermediate casing 14 comprises a partition 20 of insulating subdivision, parallel to said bottoms and confining an upper compartment 22 and a lower compartment 24 of the housing 12.
  • the final assembly of the housing 12 takes place by means of main fixing screws 23 passing through holes 25 in the depth direction of the housing 12.
  • a mechanism 26 for accumulating energy and cocking lever 28 is housed in the upper compartment 22 while being supported by the partition 20 of the intermediate casing 14.
  • the front face 30 of the cover 16 is provided with a plurality of orifices 32 for the passage of the cocking lever 28, push buttons for closing and opening, members for signaling the position of the contacts, and trigger setting means.
  • a rod 33 or transverse switching shaft, common to all the poles, is actuated by the mechanism 26 for the simultaneous drive of the moving element of the different poles between the open and closed positions.
  • each pole of the compartment 24 contains a pair of separable contacts 36, 38, and an arc extinguishing chamber 40 equipped with a stack of metal sheets 42 framed by a pair of lower horns 44 and upper Arc guide 46.
  • the fixed contact 36 is carried directly by a first connection pad 48 passing through the insulating base 18.
  • the lower arc horn 44 is fixed to the pad 48 and to the base 18 by fixing means 50, 52.
  • the downstream block 53 of the movable contact 38 cooperating with the fixed contact 36 of each pole comprises a plurality of contact fingers 54 elementaries connected by an axis 55 of transverse connection and positioned in a support cage 56 of insulating material.
  • Each contact finger 54 in copper is connected by a flexible conductor, in particular a braid 58, to a second connection pad 60 of the pole, said pad 60 passing through the base 18 extending parallel to the first pad 48 in the circuit-breaker mounted position.
  • Contact pressure springs 62 are interposed between the contact fingers 54 and the cage 56, and the second pad 60 is secured to the intermediate casing 14 by a screw assembly 64 and caliper 65.
  • the intermediate partition 20 of the insulating housing 12 extends over the entire surface of the casing 14 so as to electrically isolate the lower compartment 24 from the upper compartment 22.
  • a lumen 66 for the passage of a mechanical link 68 between the switching rod 33 and the cage 56 of each pole.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber 40 is aligned with the pair of separable contacts 36, 38, in the longitudinal direction of each pole.
  • the structure of the chamber 40 is shown in detail in FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 15.
  • the stack of metal sheets 42 for deionizing the arc is arranged on an insulating support 69 comprising two side cheeks 70, 72.
  • the internal face of each cheek 70, 72 is provided with a plurality of ribs 74 delimiting a succession of grooves 76 for positioning the opposite edges of the sheets 42 and of the upper arc horn 46.
  • At each cheek 70, 72, is associated by molding a half-plate 78, 80, frontal fixing, so as to constitute an insulating one-piece piece.
  • the extinguishing chamber 40 is trapped between the two cheeks 70, 72, lateral for positioning the sheets 42, the support 69 and chamber 40 assembly being held in place by means of two flanges 82, 84, assembly.
  • Two auxiliary fixing screws 86, 88 pass through the assembly flanges 82, 84, in the median plane of junction of the two half-plates 78, 80, coplanar with the support 69 insulating the chamber 40.
  • Exhaust slots 89 are provided in the half plates 78.80, for the evacuation of the breaking gases towards the outdoor environment.
  • the extraction of the chamber 40 makes it easier in particular to visually check the wear of the contact pads 36, 38, of each pole, by virtue of a reference mark 92 for viewing arranged on the corresponding cage 56 (FIG. 15).
  • the reference 92 can be formed by a semi-open notch delimited by two edges R1 and R2.
  • the front part of the contact fingers 54 located between the movable contact 38 and the arcing horn 44, has an extension 94, the end of which is opposite the mark 92 of the cage 56.
  • the presence of the pressure springs 62 of contact varies the relative position of the contact fingers 54 relative to the cage 56 as a function of the wear of the contacts 36, 38.
  • the wear check is carried out in the closed position of the circuit breaker after having armed the mechanism 26 energy accumulator by the arming lever 28, and controlled the closing of the contacts 36, 38, by unlocking the closing pawl (not shown).
  • the maximum wear of the contacts 36, 38 is reached when the end of the extension 94 coincides with the edge R2 of the reference 92. Replacement of the pole contacts is then essential. The state and the insertion of the contacts are satisfactory, when the end of the extension 94 is located in the interval between the two edges R1 and R2 of the reference 92.
  • This visual wear check of the contacts 36, 38 does not require disassembly of the housing 12 or of the mechanism 26 and can be carried out pole by pole, by simply unscrewing two fixing screws 86, 88, of the support 69 and extraction of the corresponding arc extinguishing chamber 40.
  • the monobloc support 69 and arc extinguishing chamber 40 assembly is introduced in the longitudinal direction of the pole through the lateral opening 90 of the lower compartment 24 in the direction of the contacts.
  • the insulating support 69 is blocked in translation by the tightening of the auxiliary screws 86, 88, and the upper arcing horn 46 is perfectly positioned with respect to the contact fingers 54 of the moving assembly .
  • the two half-plates 78, 80 coplanar and contiguous with the insulating support 69 constitute a closure wall for the rectangular opening 90 of the lower compartment 24.
  • auxiliary fixing screws 86 is screwed into an orifice in the base 18, while the other fixing screw 88 is introduced into an orifice in the intermediate casing 14.
  • the closure wall In the inserted position of the chamber 40, the closure wall has a flat and continuous surface with the remaining lateral face of the insulating housing 12. The presence slots 89 in this wall allow the escape of the cutting gases to the outside.
  • the insulating cage 56 comprises a plurality of cells 98 for housing the contact fingers 54, and is framed laterally by two parallel flanges 100, 102 extending in the longitudinal direction of the pole. Each flange 100, 102 carries an axis 104, positioned in a corresponding bearing 106 of the stirrup 65 for fixing the second pad 60.
  • the cage 56 is pivotally mounted on the track 60 during the rotational movement of the switching rod 33 actuated by the mechanism 26.
  • the mechanical connection 68 between the switching rod 33 and the cage 56 of each pole is formed by a transmission rod 108, articulated on an axis 110 of a crank 112 wedged on the bar 33.
  • the end of the rod 108 located opposite the axis 110, cooperates with a retractable coupling member 114, arranged at the interior of the cage 56.
  • the coupling member 114 comprises a slide 116 mounted with limited sliding in a cylindrical housing 118 of the cage 56 extending perpendicularly to the rod 108.
  • One of the ends of the slide 116 is extended by a coupling pin 120 intended to engage in an orifice or hole 122 in the connecting rod 108 under the action of a compression spring 124 (FIG. 9).
  • the latter extends coaxially inside the housing 118, being interposed between the slide 116 and a plug 126 for closing the housing 118, located opposite the coupling pin 120.
  • the slide 116 is provided on the other hand an annular groove 128 into which can be introduced a tool (not shown) capable of driving in translation the coupling member 114 towards the retracted position, against the force of the spring 124 ( figure 10).
  • the mechanical connection 68 between the bar 33 and the cage 56 is then interrupted, so as to allow the disassembly of the downstream block 53.
  • the mechanism 26 remains in place in the upper compartment 22, but is mechanically detached from the moving assembly of the pole.
  • the insertion of the tool into the groove 128 of the slider 116 takes place through a rectangular orifice 130 formed in the body of the cage 56 (see FIG. 7) to the right of the movable slider 116.
  • the mounting of a pole is illustrated in FIG. 11, after the mechanism 26 and the bar 33 have been placed in the upper compartment 22 of the housing 12.
  • the assembly of the downstream block 53 takes place at the rear of the housing 12 after removal of the base 18 and of the arc extinguishing chambers 40 of the different poles.
  • the downstream block 53 of the movable contact of each pole is constituted by a sub-assembly comprising the cage 56, the contact fingers 54 with their respective braids 58 and springs 62 of contact pressure, and the second connection pad 60 equipped with the 'fixing bracket 65.
  • the pivot axis 104 of the cage 56 is positioned in the bearings 106 of the stirrup 65 and the downstream block 53 is moved in the direction of the arrow F1 and fixed to the underside of the partition 20 of the intermediate casing 14 at by means of the screw 64 passing through the stirrup 65 of the pad 60.
  • the mechanical connection 68 is coupled to the cage 56 in the disarmed open position of the mechanism 26. This operation requires the manual actuation of the bar 33 towards the closed position, and the displacement of the coupling member 114 by means of a tool towards the retracted position of FIG. 10, to authorize the installation of the transmission rod 108.
  • the introduction of the neutralization tool of the coupling member 114 is carried out through the opening 90 of the housing 12 and through the orifice 130 of the cage 56.
  • the release of the slide 116 then causes the introduction of the coupling pin 120 in the orifice 122 of the connecting rod 108, by virtue of the relaxation of the spring 124.
  • the bar 33 tilts in an anticlockwise direction towards the open position, shown in the figure 3.
  • the energy storage device of mechanism 26 is then armed by means of the arming lever 28 to cause the closing of the circuit breaker, followed by the verification of the depression of the contacts 36, 38, of the different poles.
  • the final assembly of the circuit breaker 10 occurs after insertion of the arc extinguishing chambers 40 into the lateral openings 90 of the assembled housing 12 (see FIG. 2).
  • Figure 13 shows the incorporation of a current limiting pole, comprising contacts 36, 38 with electrodynamic repulsion effect.
  • the contact fingers 154 are pivotally mounted on a transverse axis 156 carried by a support 158 fixed to the insulating cage 56.
  • the support 158 is provided with a curvilinear guide groove 160 the length of which corresponds to the electrodynamic repulsion stroke of the fingers 154, when a short-circuit current appears in the pole.
  • the opening of the contacts 36, 38, by electrodynamic repulsion (in dotted lines in FIG. 13) is then confirmed by the triggering of the mechanism 26 causing the rotation of the bar 33 anticlockwise and the definitive opening of all the poles of the circuit breaker 10.
  • the positioning of the limiting pole of FIG. 13 is carried out in the same manner as that used for the pole of FIGS. 3, 11 and 12, after fixing the stirrup 65 to the intermediate casing 14, and after coupling of the link mechanical 68 ( Figures 7 to 10).
  • the disassembly of the poles of the circuit breaker 10 takes place in the opposite direction to the assembly described above, after removing the base 18 from the housing 12 and the arc extinguishing chambers 40.
  • the disassembly of the downstream block 53 takes place in the direction of arrow F2 (FIG. 11) after unscrewing the screw 64, and uncoupling the mechanical connection 68 with the bar 33.
  • Any other type of pole can of course be adapted to the circuit breaker as a function of the breaking capacity and of the protection and control functions of the circuits.
  • connection pads 48, 60 of each pole are advantageously equipped with positioning wedges 160 which can be adapted in the cells of the base 14.
  • the dimensions of the cells are identical for the whole range, and the thickness of the shims 160 varies according to the caliber. This arrangement makes it possible to use a standard insulating box 12, and to mount ranges of different cross-section in the same cell for ratings ranging from 800 A to 4000 A.
  • the retractable coupling member 114 of FIGS. 7 to 10 can be replaced by any other mechanical disengaging member between the bar 33 and the poles.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Description

L'invention est relative à un disjoncteur électrique multipolaire à boîtier isolant moulé, renfermant :

  • un mécanisme de commande ayant un dispositif à genouillère accouplé à un barreau de commutation commun à une pluralité de pôles juxtaposés à l'intérieur du boîtier avec interposition de parois isolantes de séparation,
  • un déclencheur coopérant avec le mécanisme en cas de défaut pour provoquer l'ouverture du disjoncteur par déclenchement du mécanisme et rotation du barreau,
  • chaque pôle comportant une paire de contacts séparables ayant une série de doigts de contact élémentaires coopérant avec un contact fixe en position de fermeture, une chambre d'extinction d'arc, une cage isolante de support des doigts de contacts, et une paire de plages de raccordement en liaison électrique avec les contacts séparables.
The invention relates to a multipolar electrical circuit breaker with molded insulating housing, containing:
  • a control mechanism having a toggle device coupled to a switching bar common to a plurality of poles juxtaposed inside the housing with interposition of insulating separation walls,
  • a trip unit cooperating with the mechanism in the event of a fault to cause the opening of the circuit breaker by tripping the mechanism and rotation of the bar,
  • each pole comprising a pair of separable contacts having a series of elementary contact fingers cooperating with a fixed contact in the closed position, an arc extinguishing chamber, an insulating cage for supporting the contact fingers, and a pair of pads connection in electrical connection with separable contacts.

Un tel disjoncteur est décrit dans le document FR-A-2.484.484.136.Such a circuit breaker is described in document FR-A-2,484,484,136.

Dans une gamme de disjoncteurs à boîtiers isolants moulés pour réseaux à basse tension, intervient une pluralité de types de pôles dont la structure dépend de différents facteurs, notamment du calibre, du pouvoir de coupure, de la sélectivité, etc... Le choix d'un disjoncteur s'effectue de façon que :

  • leur calibre soit au moins égal à l'intensité nominale du départ considéré,
  • leur pouvoir de coupure soit au moins égal au courant de court-circuit
    calculé au niveau considéré
  • la sélectivité puisse être assurée avec l'appareil de protection aval.
In a range of circuit breakers with molded insulating housings for low-voltage networks, there is a plurality of types of poles, the structure of which depends on different factors, in particular rating, breaking capacity, selectivity, etc. The choice of '' A circuit breaker is made so that:
  • their size is at least equal to the nominal intensity of the start considered,
  • their breaking capacity is at least equal to the short-circuit current
    calculated at the level considered
  • discrimination can be ensured with the downstream protection device.

Il est donc nécessaire de prévoir une première série de disjoncteurs standard pour usage courant utilisés lorsque la puissance de court-circuit du réseau ne nécessite pas un fort pouvoir de coupure et que la sélectivité totale n'est pas exigée,une deuxième série de disjoncteurs limiteurs à pouvoir de coupure élevé et à autorépulsion électrodynamique des contacts, et une troisième série de disjoncteurs à déclencheurs sélectifs ayant une bonne tenue électrodynamique des contacts. Cette variété de types de pôles complique la fabrication et la gestion d'une telle gamme de disjoncteurs, et il en résulte des problèmes de stockage et de coût de montage.It is therefore necessary to provide a first series of standard circuit breakers for current use used when the short-circuit power of the network does not require a high breaking capacity and that total discrimination is not required, a second series of limiting circuit breakers with high breaking capacity and with electrodynamic self-repulsion of the contacts, and a third series of circuit breakers with selective tripping devices having good electrodynamic resistance of the contacts. This variety of pole types complicates the manufacture and management of such a range of circuit breakers, and this results in storage and mounting cost problems.

L'objet de l'invention consiste à améliorer la gestion de fabrication d'une gamme de disjoncteurs à boîtier isolant moulé, grâce à l'interchangeabilité rapide des pôles lors du montage.The object of the invention is to improve the manufacturing management of a range of circuit breakers with molded insulating housing, thanks to the rapid interchangeability of the poles during assembly.

Le disjoncteur selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que le sous-ensemble formé par la cage de support des doigts de contact et l'une des plages de raccordement de chaque pôle est solidarisé à une paroi du boîtier, au moyen d'un dispositif de fixation solidaire de la plage, et que la cage est reliée au barreau par une liaison mécanique coopérant avec un organe d'accouplement débrayable, susceptible d'interrompre la chaîne cinématique de transmission avec le barreau au niveau de chaque pôle.The circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that the sub-assembly formed by the support cage for the contact fingers and one of the connection pads of each pole is secured to a wall of the housing, by means of a device fixing integral with the range, and that the cage is connected to the bar by a mechanical connection cooperating with a disengageable coupling member, capable of interrupting the kinematic chain of transmission with the bar at each pole.

L'organe d'accouplement de la liaison mécanique est agencé dans un logement de la cage entre une première position rétractée, et une deuxième position de retenue correspondant respectivement au désaccouplement et à l'accouplement de ladite cage avec la liaison mécanique.The coupling member of the mechanical connection is arranged in a housing of the cage between a first retracted position, and a second retaining position corresponding respectively to the uncoupling and to the coupling of said cage with the mechanical connection.

La déconnexion du dispositif de fixation de la plage, et la désolidarisation de la cage avec le mécanisme de commande libère le sous-ensemble du contact mobile qui peut être facilement extrait par la face arrière du boîtier, et remplacé par un autre sous-ensemble de nature différente, de manière à transformer un disjoncteur standard en un disjoncteur limiteur, sélectif ou de calibre différent. Il suffit de stocker différents types de sous-ensembles de contacts mobiles, et d'adapter un sous-ensemble d'un pôle prédéterminé dans un boîtier de disjoncteur à mécanisme standard pour obtenir un appareil désiré.The disconnection of the device for fixing the range, and the separation of the cage with the control mechanism frees the sub-assembly from the movable contact which can be easily extracted by the rear face of the housing, and replaced by another sub-assembly of different nature, so as to transform a standard circuit breaker into a circuit breaker limiter, selective or different caliber. It suffices to store different types of subsets of movable contacts, and to adapt a subset of a predetermined pole in a circuit-breaker housing with standard mechanism to obtain a desired device.

Le corps de la cage isolante comporte un orifice d'accès au logement de l'organe d'accouplement pour autoriser le déplacement de ce dernier vers la première position rétractée à l'encontre de la force d'un ressort de rappel. L'actionnement de l'organe d'accouplement débrayable vers la position rétractée s'effectue avantageusement au moyen d'un outil introduit dans l'orifice de la cage.The body of the insulating cage has an orifice for accessing the housing of the coupling member to allow the latter to move to the first retracted position against the force of a return spring. The actuation of the disengageable coupling member towards the retracted position is advantageously carried out by means of a tool inserted into the orifice of the cage.

La cage de support des doigts de contact de chaque pôle est montée à pivotement sur la plage de raccordement du sous-ensemble. L'axe de la cage est positionnée dans des paliers d'un étrier solidaire de la plage, et la vis de fixation du sous-ensemble traverse l'étrier pour être introduite dans un trou du boîtier.The support cage for the contact fingers of each pole is pivotally mounted on the connection pad of the sub-assembly. The axis of the cage is positioned in bearings of a stirrup integral with the range, and the fixing screw of the sub-assembly passes through the stirrup to be introduced into a hole in the housing.

La cage du sous-ensemble constitue avantageusement un écran électrique et thermique entre le compartiment supérieur du boîtier renfermant le mécanisme, et le compartiment inférieur de logement des pôles. La cage forme également une barrière contre la pollution par les gaz de coupure.The cage of the sub-assembly advantageously constitutes an electric and thermal screen between the upper compartment of the box containing the mechanism, and the lower compartment for housing the poles. The cage also forms a barrier against pollution by cutting gases.

Le contrôle visuel de l'état des contacts, et une évaluation de leur usure peuvent être opérés sans démontage des vis principales d'assemblage du boîtier isolant. L'une des faces latérales du boîtier isolant comporte une ouverture de communication avec le compartiment de logement de la paire de contacts séparables de chaque pôle, et la chambre d'extinction d'arc est solidarisée à un support isolant susceptible d'être déplacé en translation selon la direction longitudinale du pôle pour assurer, soit l'obturation de ladite ouverture en position insérée de la chambre à l'intérieur du boîtier, soit l'extraction de la chambre par ladite ouverture.Visual inspection of the state of the contacts and an assessment of their wear can be carried out without removing the main assembly screws from the insulating housing. One of the side faces of the insulating box has an opening for communication with the housing compartment of the pair of contacts separable from each pole, and the arc extinguishing chamber is secured to an insulating support capable of being moved in translation in the longitudinal direction of the pole to ensure either the closing of said opening in the inserted position of the chamber inside of the housing, or the extraction of the chamber through said opening.

Le contrôle visuel de l'état des contacts s'opère pôle par pôle après enlèvement de la chambre d'extinction d'arc correspondante, et sans démontage du boîtier isolant.The visual control of the state of the contacts takes place pole by pole after removal of the corresponding arc extinguishing chamber, and without disassembly of the insulating housing.

Chaque pôle est avantageusement équipé d'un indicateur d'usure des contacts formé par un repère de visualisation disposé sur la cage isolante de support du contact mobile. Ce dernier comprend une pluralité de doigts de contacts associés à des ressorts de pression de contact, chaque doigt comportant une extension située au voisinage du repère constitué par exemple par une encoche semi-ouverte de la cage. La position de l'extrémité de l'extension par rapport au repère détermine l'usure des contacts.Each pole is advantageously fitted with a contact wear indicator formed by a visualization mark placed on the insulating cage for supporting the movable contact. The latter comprises a plurality of contact fingers associated with contact pressure springs, each finger having an extension located in the vicinity of the reference mark constituted for example by a semi-open notch of the cage. The position of the end of the extension relative to the mark determines the wear of the contacts.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un disjoncteur triphasé, en position démontée du boîtier;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective du disjoncteur de la figure 1, dans l'état assemblé du boîtier, et après extraction de la chambre d'extinction d'arc de l'un des pôles;
  • la figure 3 montre une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un pôle du disjoncteur, représenté en position d'ouverture des contacts;
  • la figure 4 est une vue à échelle agrandie d'une chambre d'extinction d'arc, montrée en coupe selon la ligne IV-IV de la figure 5;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de profil de la figure 4;
  • la figure 6 représente une vue en coupe selon la ligne VI-VI de la figure 4;
  • la figure 7 est une vue éclatée en perspective d'un sous-ensemble de contact mobile d'un pôle;
  • la figure 8 est une vue partielle de la figure 3 et montre la chaîne cinématique de transmission entre le barreau et la cage d'un pôle;
  • les figures 9 et 10 sont des vues en coupe selon la ligne IX-IX de la figure 8, respectivement en position accouplée et en position rétractée de l'organe d'accouplement de la liaison mécanique;
  • la figure 11 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 3, lors du démontage et montage du sous-ensemble de contact mobile;
  • la figure 12 est une vue partielle de la figure 3 en position de fermeture du disjoncteur;
  • la figure 13 est une vue identique à celle de la figure 12 et représente un autre type de sous-ensemble pour un pôle limiteur;
  • la vue 14 est une vue éclatée en prespective d'une chambre d'extinction d'arc de la fig. 4;
  • la figure 15 est une vue à échelle agrandie d'un détail de réalisation de la fig. 3, le disjoncteur étant représenté en position de fermeture;
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of an embodiment of the invention, given by way of nonlimiting example and represented in the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a three-phase circuit breaker, in the disassembled position of the housing;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the circuit breaker of Figure 1, in the assembled state of the housing, and after extraction of the arc extinguishing chamber from one of the poles;
  • Figure 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a pole of the circuit breaker, shown in the open position of the contacts;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of an arc extinguishing chamber, shown in section along the line IV-IV of Figure 5;
  • Figure 5 is a side view of Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 shows a sectional view along line VI-VI of Figure 4;
  • Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view of a movable contact sub-assembly of a pole;
  • Figure 8 is a partial view of Figure 3 and shows the kinematic chain of transmission between the bar and the cage of a pole;
  • Figures 9 and 10 are sectional views along line IX-IX of Figure 8, respectively in the coupled position and in the retracted position of the coupling member of the mechanical connection;
  • Figure 11 is a view similar to that of Figure 3, during disassembly and assembly of the movable contact sub-assembly;
  • Figure 12 is a partial view of Figure 3 in the closed position of the circuit breaker;
  • Figure 13 is a view identical to that of Figure 12 and shows another type of sub-assembly for a limiting pole;
  • view 14 is an exploded view in perspective of an arc extinguishing chamber of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of an embodiment detail of FIG. 3, the circuit breaker being shown in the closed position;

Sur les figures 1 à 6, un disjoncteur 10 électrique basse tension ayant une pluralité de pôles juxtaposés, comprend un boîtier 12 moulé parallélépipédique en matériau isolant, formé par l'assemblage d'un carter 14 intermédiaire à fonds ouverts, d'un couvercle 16 d'obturation du fond supérieur et d'une plaque ou socle de base 18 d'obturation du fond inférieur. Le carter 14 intermédiaire comporte une cloison 20 de subdivision isolante, parallèle auxdits fonds et confinant un compartiment supérieur 22 et un compartiment inférieur 24 du boîtier 12. L'assemblage définitif du boîtier 12 s'opère au moyen de vis principales de fixation 23 traversant des orifices 25 dans le sens de la profondeur du boîtier 12.In FIGS. 1 to 6, a low-voltage electric circuit breaker 10 having a plurality of juxtaposed poles, comprises a casing 12 molded parallelepiped of insulating material, formed by the assembly of an intermediate casing 14 with open bottoms, a cover 16 shutter of the upper bottom and a plate or base base 18 for closing the lower bottom. The intermediate casing 14 comprises a partition 20 of insulating subdivision, parallel to said bottoms and confining an upper compartment 22 and a lower compartment 24 of the housing 12. The final assembly of the housing 12 takes place by means of main fixing screws 23 passing through holes 25 in the depth direction of the housing 12.

Un mécanisme 26 de commande à accumulation d'énergie et à levier d'armement 28, est logé dans le compartiment supérieur 22 en étant supporté par la cloison 20 du carter 14 intermédiaire. La face avant 30 du couvercle 16 est dotée d'une pluralité d'orifices 32 pour le passage du levier d'armement 28, de boutons poussoirs de fermeture et d'ouverture, d'organes de signalisation de la position des contacts, et des moyens de réglage du déclencheur. Un barreau 33 ou arbre transversal de commutation, commun à tous les pôles, est actionné par le mécanisme 26 pour l'entraînement simultané de l'équipage mobile des différents pôles entre les positions d'ouverture et de fermeture.A mechanism 26 for accumulating energy and cocking lever 28 is housed in the upper compartment 22 while being supported by the partition 20 of the intermediate casing 14. The front face 30 of the cover 16 is provided with a plurality of orifices 32 for the passage of the cocking lever 28, push buttons for closing and opening, members for signaling the position of the contacts, and trigger setting means. A rod 33 or transverse switching shaft, common to all the poles, is actuated by the mechanism 26 for the simultaneous drive of the moving element of the different poles between the open and closed positions.

Le compartiment inférieur 24 est subdivisé longitudinalement par des parois 34 isolantes (figure 1) de séparation des pôles, fixées à la plaque 18 en s'étendant perpendiculairement à la cloison 20 du carter 14 intermédiaire. Sur la figure 3, chaque pôle du compartiment 24 renferme une paire de contacts 36, 38, séparables, et une chambre d'extinction d'arc 40 équipée d'un empilage de tôles 42 métalliques encadrées par une paire de cornes inférieure 44 et supérieure 46 de guidage d'arc. Le contact fixe 36 est porté directement par une première plage de raccordement 48 traversant le socle 18 isolant. La corne d'arc inférieure 44 est fixée à la plage 48 et au socle 18 par des moyens de fixation 50, 52. Le bloc aval 53 du contact mobile 38 coopérant avec le contact fixe 36 de chaque pôle comporte une pluralité de doigts de contact 54 élémentaires reliés par un axe 55 de liaison transversale et positionnés dans une cage 56 de support en matériau isolant. Chaque doigt de contact 54 en cuivre est connecté par un conducteur souple, notamment une tresse 58, à une deuxième plage de raccordement 60 du pôle, ladite plage 60 traversant le socle 18 en s'étendant parallèlement à la première plage 48 en position montée du disjoncteur. Des ressorts 62 de pression de contact sont intercalés entre les doigts de contact 54 et la cage 56, et la deuxième plage 60 est solidarisée au carter intermédiaire 14 par un assemblage à vis 64 et étrier 65.The lower compartment 24 is longitudinally subdivided by insulating walls 34 (FIG. 1) for separating the poles, fixed to the plate 18 by extending perpendicular to the partition 20 of the intermediate casing 14. In FIG. 3, each pole of the compartment 24 contains a pair of separable contacts 36, 38, and an arc extinguishing chamber 40 equipped with a stack of metal sheets 42 framed by a pair of lower horns 44 and upper Arc guide 46. The fixed contact 36 is carried directly by a first connection pad 48 passing through the insulating base 18. The lower arc horn 44 is fixed to the pad 48 and to the base 18 by fixing means 50, 52. The downstream block 53 of the movable contact 38 cooperating with the fixed contact 36 of each pole comprises a plurality of contact fingers 54 elementaries connected by an axis 55 of transverse connection and positioned in a support cage 56 of insulating material. Each contact finger 54 in copper is connected by a flexible conductor, in particular a braid 58, to a second connection pad 60 of the pole, said pad 60 passing through the base 18 extending parallel to the first pad 48 in the circuit-breaker mounted position. Contact pressure springs 62 are interposed between the contact fingers 54 and the cage 56, and the second pad 60 is secured to the intermediate casing 14 by a screw assembly 64 and caliper 65.

La cloison 20 intermédiaire du boîtier 12 isolant s'étend sur toute la surface du carter 14 de manière à isoler électriquement le compartiment inférieur 24 du compartiment supérieur 22. Dans la partier médiane de la cloison 20 se trouve une lumière 66 pour le passage d'une liaison mécanique 68 entre le barreau 33 de commutation et la cage 56 de chaque pôle.The intermediate partition 20 of the insulating housing 12 extends over the entire surface of the casing 14 so as to electrically isolate the lower compartment 24 from the upper compartment 22. In the middle part of the partition 20 is a lumen 66 for the passage of a mechanical link 68 between the switching rod 33 and the cage 56 of each pole.

La chambre d'extinction d'arc 40 est alignée avec la paire de contacts séparables 36, 38, selon la direction longitudinale de chaque pôle. La structure de la chambre 40 est montrée en détail aux figures 4, 5, 6 et 15. L'empilage des tôles 42 métalliques de désionisation de l'arc est agencé sur un support 69 isolant comprenant deux joues 70, 72, latérales. La face interne de chaque joue 70, 72, est pourvue d'une pluralité de nervures 74 délimitant une succession de rainures 76 de positionnement des bords opposés des tôles 42 et de la corne d'arc supérieure 46. A chaque joue 70, 72, est associée par moulage une demi-plaque 78, 80, frontale de fixation, de manière à constituer une pièce monobloc isolante. Après assemblage des demi-plaques 78, 80, la chambre d'extinction 40 est emprisonnée entre les deux joues 70, 72, latérales de positionnement des tôles 42, l'ensemble support 69 et chambre 40 étant maintenu en place au moyen de deux brides 82, 84, d'assemblage. Deux vis auxiliaires de fixation 86, 88, traversent les brides d'assemblage 82, 84, dans le plan médian de jonction des deux demi-plaques 78, 80, coplanaires du support 69 isolant de la chambre 40. Des fentes 89 d'échappement sont prévues dans les demi-plaques 78,80, pour l'évacuation des gaz de coupure vers le milieu extérieur.The arc extinguishing chamber 40 is aligned with the pair of separable contacts 36, 38, in the longitudinal direction of each pole. The structure of the chamber 40 is shown in detail in FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 15. The stack of metal sheets 42 for deionizing the arc is arranged on an insulating support 69 comprising two side cheeks 70, 72. The internal face of each cheek 70, 72 is provided with a plurality of ribs 74 delimiting a succession of grooves 76 for positioning the opposite edges of the sheets 42 and of the upper arc horn 46. At each cheek 70, 72, is associated by molding a half-plate 78, 80, frontal fixing, so as to constitute an insulating one-piece piece. After assembly of the half-plates 78, 80, the extinguishing chamber 40 is trapped between the two cheeks 70, 72, lateral for positioning the sheets 42, the support 69 and chamber 40 assembly being held in place by means of two flanges 82, 84, assembly. Two auxiliary fixing screws 86, 88 pass through the assembly flanges 82, 84, in the median plane of junction of the two half-plates 78, 80, coplanar with the support 69 insulating the chamber 40. Exhaust slots 89 are provided in the half plates 78.80, for the evacuation of the breaking gases towards the outdoor environment.

On remarque sur la figure 2 que l'enlèvement d'une chambre d'extinction d'arc 40 par dévissage des deux vis auxiliaires de fixation 86, 88 du support 69 associé au pôle de droite, ne nécessite aucun démontage des vis 23 principales d'assemblage du boîtier 12 isolant. Ce dernier reste assemblé et l'extraction de la chambre 40 s'effectue dans la direction longitudinale (flèche F) du pôle, par une ouverture 90 rectangulaire ménagée dans le boîtier 12 moulé. Cette ouverture 90 d'accès au compartiment inférieur 24 est localisée au niveau de chaque pôle sur une face latérale du boîtier 12 isolant, et permet de vérifier l'état des contacts séparables 36, 38, lors d'une opération de maintenance du disjoncteur. L'extraction de la chambre 40 facilite en particulier le contrôle visuel d'usure des pastilles de contacts 36, 38, de chaque pôle, grâce à un repère 92 de visualisation disposé sur la cage 56 correspondante (figure 15). Le repère 92 peut être formé par une encoche semi-ouverte délimitée par deux arêtes R1 et R2. La partie antérieure des doigts de contacts 54, située entre le contact mobile 38 et la corne d'arc 44, comporte une extension 94 dont l'extrémité se trouve en face du repère 92 de la cage 56. La présence des ressorts 62 de pression de contact fait varier la position relative des doigts de contact 54 par rapport à la cage 56 en fonction de l'usure des contacts 36, 38. Le contrôle d'usure s'opère en position de fermeture du disjoncteur après avoir armé la mécanisme 26 accumulateur d'énergie par le levier d'armement 28, et commandé la fermeture des contacts 36, 38, par déverrouillage du cliquet de fermeture (non représenté). L'usure maximum des contacts 36, 38, est atteinte lorsque l'extrémité de l'extension 94 coïncide avec l'arête R2 du repère 92. Le remplacement des contacts du pôle est alors indispensable. L'état et l'enfoncement des contacts sont satisfaisants, lorsque l'extrémité de l'extension 94 est située dans l'intervalle entre les deux arêtes R1 et R2 du repère 92. Ce contrôle visuel d'usure des contacts 36, 38, ne nécessite aucun démontage du boîtier 12 ou du mécanisme 26 et peut s'effectuer pôle par pôle, par simple dévissage de deux vis de fixation 86, 88, du support 69 et extraction de la chambre d'extinction d'arc 40 correspondante.Note in Figure 2 that the removal of an arc extinguishing chamber 40 by unscrewing the two auxiliary fixing screws 86, 88 of the support 69 associated with the right pole, does not require any disassembly of the main screws 23 d assembly of the insulating housing 12. The latter remains assembled and the chamber 40 is extracted in the longitudinal direction (arrow F) of the pole, through a rectangular opening 90 formed in the molded housing 12. This opening 90 for access to the lower compartment 24 is located at each pole on a side face of the insulating housing 12, and makes it possible to check the state of the separable contacts 36, 38, during a maintenance operation of the circuit breaker. The extraction of the chamber 40 makes it easier in particular to visually check the wear of the contact pads 36, 38, of each pole, by virtue of a reference mark 92 for viewing arranged on the corresponding cage 56 (FIG. 15). The reference 92 can be formed by a semi-open notch delimited by two edges R1 and R2. The front part of the contact fingers 54, located between the movable contact 38 and the arcing horn 44, has an extension 94, the end of which is opposite the mark 92 of the cage 56. The presence of the pressure springs 62 of contact varies the relative position of the contact fingers 54 relative to the cage 56 as a function of the wear of the contacts 36, 38. The wear check is carried out in the closed position of the circuit breaker after having armed the mechanism 26 energy accumulator by the arming lever 28, and controlled the closing of the contacts 36, 38, by unlocking the closing pawl (not shown). The maximum wear of the contacts 36, 38 is reached when the end of the extension 94 coincides with the edge R2 of the reference 92. Replacement of the pole contacts is then essential. The state and the insertion of the contacts are satisfactory, when the end of the extension 94 is located in the interval between the two edges R1 and R2 of the reference 92. This visual wear check of the contacts 36, 38, does not require disassembly of the housing 12 or of the mechanism 26 and can be carried out pole by pole, by simply unscrewing two fixing screws 86, 88, of the support 69 and extraction of the corresponding arc extinguishing chamber 40.

Après vérification de l'état des contacts 36, 38, l'ensemble monobloc support 69 et chambre d'extinction d'arc 40 est introduit selon la direction longitudinale du pôle par l'ouverture 90 latérale du compartiment inférieur 24 en direction des contacts. Après mise en place de la chambre 40, le support isolant 69 est bloqué en translation par le serrage des vis auxiliaires 86, 88, et la corne d'arc supérieure 46 est parfaitement positionnée par rapport aux doigts de contact 54 de l'équipage mobile. Les deux demi-plaques 78, 80 coplanaires et jointives du support 69 isolant constituent une paroi d'obturation de l'ouverture 90 rectangulaire du compartiment inférieur 24. L'une des vis auxiliaire de fixation 86 est vissée dans un orifice du socle 18, tandis que l'autre vis de fixation 88 est introduite dans un orifice du carter intermédiaire 14. En position insérée de la chambre 40, la paroi d'obturation présente une surface plane et continue avec la face latérale restante du boîtier isolant 12. La présence des fentes 89 dans cette paroi autorise l'échappement des gaz de coupure vers l'extérieur.After checking the state of the contacts 36, 38, the monobloc support 69 and arc extinguishing chamber 40 assembly is introduced in the longitudinal direction of the pole through the lateral opening 90 of the lower compartment 24 in the direction of the contacts. After setting up the chamber 40, the insulating support 69 is blocked in translation by the tightening of the auxiliary screws 86, 88, and the upper arcing horn 46 is perfectly positioned with respect to the contact fingers 54 of the moving assembly . The two half-plates 78, 80 coplanar and contiguous with the insulating support 69 constitute a closure wall for the rectangular opening 90 of the lower compartment 24. One of the auxiliary fixing screws 86 is screwed into an orifice in the base 18, while the other fixing screw 88 is introduced into an orifice in the intermediate casing 14. In the inserted position of the chamber 40, the closure wall has a flat and continuous surface with the remaining lateral face of the insulating housing 12. The presence slots 89 in this wall allow the escape of the cutting gases to the outside.

Sur les figures 7 à 10, la cage 56 isolante comporte une pluralité d'alvéoles 98 de logement des doigts de contact 54, et est encadrée latéralement par deux flasques 100, 102, parallèles s'étendant selon la direction longitudinale du pôle. Chaque flasque 100, 102, porte un axe 104, positionné dans un palier 106 correspondant de l'étrier 65 de fixation de la deuxième plage 60. Lors de l'assemblage de l'étrier 65 à vis 64 sur le carter 14, la cage 56 est montée à pivotement sur la plage 60 au cours du déplacement en rotation du barreau de commutation 33 actionné par le mécanisme 26.In FIGS. 7 to 10, the insulating cage 56 comprises a plurality of cells 98 for housing the contact fingers 54, and is framed laterally by two parallel flanges 100, 102 extending in the longitudinal direction of the pole. Each flange 100, 102 carries an axis 104, positioned in a corresponding bearing 106 of the stirrup 65 for fixing the second pad 60. When assembling the stirrup 65 with screw 64 on the casing 14, the cage 56 is pivotally mounted on the track 60 during the rotational movement of the switching rod 33 actuated by the mechanism 26.

La liaison mécanique 68 entre le barreau de commutation 33 et la cage 56 de chaque pôle est formée par une bielle de transmission 108, articulée sur un axe 110 d'une manivelle 112 calée sur le barreau 33. L'extrémité de la bielle 108, située à l'opposé de l'axe 110, coopère avec un organe d'accouplement 114 rétractable, agencé à l'intérieur de la cage 56. L'organe d'accouplement 114 comporte un coulisseau 116 monté à coulissement limité dans un logement 118 cylindrique de la cage 56 en s'étendant perpendiculairement à la bielle 108. L'une des extrémités du coulisseau 116 est prolongée par un axe d'accouplement 120 destiné à s'engager dans un orifice ou trou 122 de la bielle 108 sous l'action d'un ressort 124 de compression (figure 9). Ce dernier s'étend coaxialement à l'intérieur du logement 118 en étant intercalé entre le coulisseau 116 et un bouchon 126 d'obturation du logement 118, situé à l'opposé de l'axe d'accouplement 120. Le coulisseau 116 est doté d'autre part d'une gorge 128 annulaire dans laquelle peut être introduit un outil (non représenté) susceptible d'entraîner en translation l'organe d'accouplement 114 vers la position rétractée, à l'encontre de la force du ressort 124 (figure 10). La liaison mécanique 68 entre le barreau 33 et la cage 56 est alors interrompue, de manière à autoriser le démontage du bloc aval 53. Le mécanisme 26 reste en place dans le compartiment supérieur 22, mais se trouve désolidarisé mécaniquement de l'équipage mobile du pôle. L'insertion de l'outil dans la gorge 128 du coulisseau 116 s'opère à travers un orifice 130 rectangulaire ménagé dans le corps de la cage 56 (voir figure 7) au droit du coulisseau 116 mobile.The mechanical connection 68 between the switching rod 33 and the cage 56 of each pole is formed by a transmission rod 108, articulated on an axis 110 of a crank 112 wedged on the bar 33. The end of the rod 108, located opposite the axis 110, cooperates with a retractable coupling member 114, arranged at the interior of the cage 56. The coupling member 114 comprises a slide 116 mounted with limited sliding in a cylindrical housing 118 of the cage 56 extending perpendicularly to the rod 108. One of the ends of the slide 116 is extended by a coupling pin 120 intended to engage in an orifice or hole 122 in the connecting rod 108 under the action of a compression spring 124 (FIG. 9). The latter extends coaxially inside the housing 118, being interposed between the slide 116 and a plug 126 for closing the housing 118, located opposite the coupling pin 120. The slide 116 is provided on the other hand an annular groove 128 into which can be introduced a tool (not shown) capable of driving in translation the coupling member 114 towards the retracted position, against the force of the spring 124 ( figure 10). The mechanical connection 68 between the bar 33 and the cage 56 is then interrupted, so as to allow the disassembly of the downstream block 53. The mechanism 26 remains in place in the upper compartment 22, but is mechanically detached from the moving assembly of the pole. The insertion of the tool into the groove 128 of the slider 116 takes place through a rectangular orifice 130 formed in the body of the cage 56 (see FIG. 7) to the right of the movable slider 116.

La présence de l'organe d'accouplement 114 débrayable au niveau de la liaison mécanique 68 de chaque pôle avec la barreau 33 commun, facilite le montage et l'interchangeabilité des pôles du disjoncteur 10.The presence of the disengageable coupling member 114 at the mechanical connection 68 of each pole with the common bar 33, facilitates the mounting and interchangeability of the poles of the circuit breaker 10.

MONTAGE DES POLES DU DISJONCTEURMOUNTING THE CIRCUIT BREAKER POLES

Le montage d'un pôle est illustré sur la figure 11, après mise en place du mécanisme 26 et du barreau 33 dans le compartiment supérieur 22 du boîtier 12. L'assemblage du bloc aval 53 s'effectue par l'arrière du boîtier 12 après enlèvement du socle 18 et des chambres d'extinction d'arc 40 des différents pôles. Le bloc aval 53 du contact mobile de chaque pôle est constitué par un sous-ensemble comprenant la cage 56, les doigts de contacts 54 avec leurs tresses 58 respectives et ressorts 62 de pression de contact, et la deuxième plage 60 de raccordement équipé de l'étrier 65 de fixation. L'axe 104 de pivotement de la cage 56 est positionné dans les paliers 106 de l'étrier 65 et le bloc aval 53 est déplacé dans le sens de la flèche F1 et fixé à la face inférieure de la cloison 20 du carter intermédiaire 14 au moyen de la vis 64 traversant l'étrier 65 de la plage 60. Après blocage de la vis 64, s'effectue l'accouplement de la liaison mécanique 68 à la cage 56 en position ouvert désarmé du mécanisme 26. Cette opération nécessite l'actionnement manuel du barreau 33 vers la position de fermeture, et le déplacement de l'organe d'accouplement 114 au moyen d'un outil vers la position rétractée de la figure 10, pour autoriser la mise en place de la bielle de transmission 108. L'introduction de l'outil de neutralisation de l'organe d'accouplement 114 s'effectue par l'ouverture 90 du boîtier 12 et par l'orifice 130 de la cage 56. La libération du coulisseau 116 provoque ensuite l'introduction de l'axe d'accouplement 120 dans l'orifice 122 de la bielle 108, grâce à la détente du ressort 124. En fin d'opération d'accouplement de la liaison mécanique 68, s'opère le basculement du barreau 33 dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre vers la position d'ouverture, représentée à la figure 3.The mounting of a pole is illustrated in FIG. 11, after the mechanism 26 and the bar 33 have been placed in the upper compartment 22 of the housing 12. The assembly of the downstream block 53 takes place at the rear of the housing 12 after removal of the base 18 and of the arc extinguishing chambers 40 of the different poles. The downstream block 53 of the movable contact of each pole is constituted by a sub-assembly comprising the cage 56, the contact fingers 54 with their respective braids 58 and springs 62 of contact pressure, and the second connection pad 60 equipped with the 'fixing bracket 65. The pivot axis 104 of the cage 56 is positioned in the bearings 106 of the stirrup 65 and the downstream block 53 is moved in the direction of the arrow F1 and fixed to the underside of the partition 20 of the intermediate casing 14 at by means of the screw 64 passing through the stirrup 65 of the pad 60. After blocking the screw 64, the mechanical connection 68 is coupled to the cage 56 in the disarmed open position of the mechanism 26. This operation requires the manual actuation of the bar 33 towards the closed position, and the displacement of the coupling member 114 by means of a tool towards the retracted position of FIG. 10, to authorize the installation of the transmission rod 108. The introduction of the neutralization tool of the coupling member 114 is carried out through the opening 90 of the housing 12 and through the orifice 130 of the cage 56. The release of the slide 116 then causes the introduction of the coupling pin 120 in the orifice 122 of the connecting rod 108, by virtue of the relaxation of the spring 124. At the end of the coupling operation of the mechanical connection 68, the bar 33 tilts in an anticlockwise direction towards the open position, shown in the figure 3.

Le bloc amont du contact fixe de chaque pôle comprenant la première plage 48 de raccordement et le contact 36 fixe associé à la corne inférieure 44 de guidage d'arc est ensuite fixé à la face interne du socle 18 par blocage des moyens de fixation 50, 52 (figure 3). Le montage définitif des pôles résulte de l'assemblage du couvercle 16 et du fond 18 sur le carter intermédiaire 14 au moyen des vis principales 23 du boîtier 12.The upstream block of the fixed contact of each pole comprising the first connection pad 48 and the fixed contact 36 associated with the lower arc guiding horn 44 is then fixed to the internal face of the base 18 by blocking the fixing means 50, 52 (Figure 3). The final mounting of the poles results from the assembly of the cover 16 and the bottom 18 on the intermediate casing 14 by means of the main screws 23 of the housing 12.

Le dispositif accumulateur d'énergie du mécanisme 26 est ensuite armé au moyen du levier d'armement 28 pour provoquer la fermeture du disjoncteur, suivie de la vérification de l'enfoncement des contacts 36, 38, des différent pôles. Le montage final du disjoncteur 10 intervient après insertion des chambres d'extinction d'arc 40 dans les ouvertures 90 latérales du boîtier 12 assemblé (voir figure 2).The energy storage device of mechanism 26 is then armed by means of the arming lever 28 to cause the closing of the circuit breaker, followed by the verification of the depression of the contacts 36, 38, of the different poles. The final assembly of the circuit breaker 10 occurs after insertion of the arc extinguishing chambers 40 into the lateral openings 90 of the assembled housing 12 (see FIG. 2).

En position assemblée du disjoncteur, la présence de la cage isolante 56 dans la lumière 66 de la cloison 20, autorisant le débattement de la liaison mécanique 68 de chaque pôle, forme un écran électrique et thermique entre les deux compartiments 22, 24 du boîtier 12. Il en résulte que le mécanisme 26 de commande, accessible de la face avant 30 est parfaitement isolé électriquement des organes sous tension dans les différents pôles. Lors du pivotement de la cage 56 sur l'axe 104 solidaire de la plage 60 entre les positions d'ouverture (figure 3) et de fermeture (figure 12) des contacts 36, 38, la lumière 66 reste obturée en permanence, de manière à assurer une étanchéité correcte entre les deux compartiments 22, 24. Toute pollution dans le compartiment supérieur 22 est ainsi évitée à la suite des effets de coupure d'arc dans les pôles du compartiment inférieur 24. Autour de la plage 60, est agencé un transformateur de courant 150 toroïdal prenant appui sur le socle 18, à l'intérieur du compartiment 24.In the assembled position of the circuit breaker, the presence of the insulating cage 56 in the lumen 66 of the partition 20, allowing the movement of the mechanical connection 68 of each pole, forms an electrical and thermal screen between the two compartments 22, 24 of the housing 12 As a result, the control mechanism 26, accessible from the front face 30, is perfectly electrically isolated from the live parts in the different poles. When the cage 56 pivots on the axis 104 integral with the pad 60 between the open (FIG. 3) and closed (FIG. 12) positions of the contacts 36, 38, the light 66 remains permanently closed, so to ensure a correct seal between the two compartments 22, 24. Any pollution in the upper compartment 22 is thus avoided following the effects of arc cutting in the poles of the lower compartment 24. Around the range 60, is arranged a current transformer 150 toroidal bearing on the base 18, inside the compartment 24.

INTERCHANGEABILITE DES POLESINTERCHANGEABILITY OF POLES

En fonction des performances de coupure et des caractéristiques électriques d'une gamme de disjoncteurs, il est facile d'adapter au montage des pôles spécifiques dans le compartiment inférieur 24. La figure 13 montre l'incorporation d'un pôle limiteur de courant, comprenant des contacts 36, 38 à effet de répulsion électrodynamique. Les doigts de contact 154 sont montés à pivotement sur un axe 156 transversal porté par un support 158 fixé à la cage 56 isolante. Le support 158 est pourvu d'une saignée 160 curviligne de guidage dont la longueur correspond à la course de répulsion électrodynamique des doigts 154, lors de l'apparition d'un courant de court-circuit dans le pôle. L'ouverture des contacts 36, 38, par répulsion électrodynamique (en pointillé sur la figure 13) est ensuite confirmée par le déclenchement du mécanisme 26 entraînant la rotation du barreau 33 en sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre et l'ouverture définitive de tous les pôles du disjoncteur 10.Depending on the breaking performance and the electrical characteristics of a range of circuit breakers, it is easy to adapt the mounting of the specific poles in the lower compartment 24. Figure 13 shows the incorporation of a current limiting pole, comprising contacts 36, 38 with electrodynamic repulsion effect. The contact fingers 154 are pivotally mounted on a transverse axis 156 carried by a support 158 fixed to the insulating cage 56. The support 158 is provided with a curvilinear guide groove 160 the length of which corresponds to the electrodynamic repulsion stroke of the fingers 154, when a short-circuit current appears in the pole. The opening of the contacts 36, 38, by electrodynamic repulsion (in dotted lines in FIG. 13) is then confirmed by the triggering of the mechanism 26 causing the rotation of the bar 33 anticlockwise and the definitive opening of all the poles of the circuit breaker 10.

La mise en place du pôle limiteur de la figure 13 s'effectue de la même manière que celle utilisée pour le pôle des figures 3, 11 et 12, après fixation de l'étrier 65 au carter intermédiaire 14, et après accouplement de la liaison mécanique 68 (figure 7 à 10).The positioning of the limiting pole of FIG. 13 is carried out in the same manner as that used for the pole of FIGS. 3, 11 and 12, after fixing the stirrup 65 to the intermediate casing 14, and after coupling of the link mechanical 68 (Figures 7 to 10).

Le démontage des pôles du disjoncteur 10 s'opère en sens inverse du montage décrit précédemment, après avoir enlevé le socle 18 du boîtier 12 et les chambres d'extinction d'arc 40. Le démontage du bloc aval 53 intervient dans le sens de la flèche F2 (figure 11) après dévissage de la vis 64, et désaccouplement de la liaison mécanique 68 avec le barreau 33.The disassembly of the poles of the circuit breaker 10 takes place in the opposite direction to the assembly described above, after removing the base 18 from the housing 12 and the arc extinguishing chambers 40. The disassembly of the downstream block 53 takes place in the direction of arrow F2 (FIG. 11) after unscrewing the screw 64, and uncoupling the mechanical connection 68 with the bar 33.

Tout autre type de pôle peut bien entendu être adapté au disjoncteur en fonction du pouvoir de coupure et des fonctions protection et commande des circuits.Any other type of pole can of course be adapted to the circuit breaker as a function of the breaking capacity and of the protection and control functions of the circuits.

Selon les figures 7 et 12, les plages de raccordement 48, 60 de chaque pôle sont équipées avantageusement de cales 160 de positionnement pouvant s'adapter dans les alvéoles du socle 14. Les dimensions des alvéoles sont identiques pour toute la gamme, et l'épaisseur des cales 160 varie en fonction du calibre. Cet agencement permet d'utiliser un boîtier 12 isolant standard, et de monter dans une même alvéole des plages de section différente pour des calibres allant de 800 A à 4000 A.According to FIGS. 7 and 12, the connection pads 48, 60 of each pole are advantageously equipped with positioning wedges 160 which can be adapted in the cells of the base 14. The dimensions of the cells are identical for the whole range, and the thickness of the shims 160 varies according to the caliber. This arrangement makes it possible to use a standard insulating box 12, and to mount ranges of different cross-section in the same cell for ratings ranging from 800 A to 4000 A.

L'organe d'accouplement 114 rétractable des figures 7 à 10 peut être remplacé par tout autre organe de débrayage mécanique entre le barreau 33 et les pôles.The retractable coupling member 114 of FIGS. 7 to 10 can be replaced by any other mechanical disengaging member between the bar 33 and the poles.

Claims (10)

  1. A multipole electrical circuit breaker with a moulded insulating case (12) enclosing:
    - an operating mechanism (26) having a toggle device coupled to a switching bar (33) common to a plurality of juxtaposed poles inside the case (12) with interposed insulating separation walls (34),
    - a trip release cooperating with the mechanism (26) in the event of a fault to bring about breaking of the circuit breaker (10) by tripping of the mechanism (26) and rotation of the bar (33),
    - each pole comprising a pair of separable contacts (36, 38) having a series of elementary contact fingers (54) cooperating with a stationary contact (36) in the closed position, an arc chute (40), an insulating case (56) supporting the contact fingers (54), and a pair of connection pads (48, 60) electrically connected to the separable contacts (36, 38),
    characterized in that the sub-assembly (53) formed by the contact fingers (54) support cage (56) and one of the connection pads (60) of each pole is securedly united to a wall of the case (12), by means of a fixing device (64, 65) fixedly secured to the pad (60) and that the cage (56) is linked to the bar (33) by a mechanical link (68) cooperating with a disengageable coupling device (114), capable of interrupting the kinematic transmission system with the bar (33) at the level of each pole.
  2. A multipole electrical circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling device (114) of the mechanical link (68) is located in a housing (118) of the cage (56) between a first retracted position, and a second retaining position corresponding respectively to discoupling and coupling of said cage (56) with the mechanical link (68), and that the body of the insulating case (56) comprises an orifice (130) giving access to the housing (118) to allow the coupling device (114) to be moved to the first retracted position against the force of a return spring (124).
  3. A multipole electrical circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that the coupling device (114) comprises a movable slide (116) mounted with limited sliding in said housing (118) in a perpendicular direction to a connecting rod (108) of the mechanical link (68), said slide (116) having an extension in the form of a coupling pin (120), designed to engage in a hole (122) of the rod (108) in said second retaining position, and that the return spring (124) of the coupling device (114) to said second position is formed by a compression spring extending coaxially inside the cylindrical housing (118), and inserted between the slide (116) and a plug (126) blanking off the housing (118), situated opposite the coupling pin (120).
  4. A multipole electrical circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact fingers (54) support cage (56) of each pole is pivotally mounted on the connection pad (60) of said sub-assembly (53), when the kinematic transmission system with the bar (33) is established, and that the device fixing the sub-assembly (53) to the case (12) comprises a bracket (65) securedly fixed to the pad (60) and a securing screw (64) passing through the bracket (65) and inserted in a hole of said case, the bracket (65) being equipped with bearings (106) designed to receive the pivoting spindle (104) of the cage (56).
  5. A multipole electrical circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating case (12) is formed by assembling an open-ended intermediate housing (14), a cover (16) shutting off the upper end and a base plate (18) shutting off the lower end, the intermediate housing (14) comprising a subdividing partition (20) parallel to said ends and bounding an upper compartment (22) housing the mechanism (26) and a lower compartment (24) housing the poles, characterized in that an aperture (66) is located in the subdividing partition (20) for the mechanical link (68) of each pole to pass through, and that the insulating cage (56) is disposed in the lower compartment (24) to blank off said aperture (66), in such a way as to form an electrical, thermal and anti-pollution shield between the two compartments (22, 24) of the case (12).
  6. A multipole electrical circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection pads (48, 60) of each pole extend parallel to one another passing through the base plate perpendicularly to the subdividing partition (20), each connection pad (48, 60) being equipped with a positioning wedge (160) having a variable thickness according to the rating selected.
  7. A low voltage multipole electrical circuit breaker according to claim 2 or 3, said arc chute (40) of each pole being equipped with a stack of metal arc deionization plates (42), and said insulating case (12) having a parallelipipedic shape with four opposite sides parallel two by two, bounded by a front control and setting panel (16), and a base plate (18) assembled to the panel (16) by means of main fixing screws (23) to close the case (12), characterized in that one of the side walls of the insulating case (12) comprises an opening (90) communicating with the compartment (24) housing the pair of separable contacts (36, 38) of each pole, and that the arc chute (40) is securedly united to an insulating support (69), capable of being moved in translation in the longitudinal direction of the pole to ensure either blanking-off of said opening (90) in the inserted position of the arc chute (40) inside the case (12), or removal of the arc chute (40) via said opening (90), allowing on the one hand the access to the orifice (130) of the coupling device (114) and on the other hand the checking of the condition of the contacts (36, 38) of each pole without removing the main fixing screws (23) of the case (12).
  8. An electrical circuit breaker according to claim 7, characterized in that the removable insulating support (69) of the arc chute (40) comprises a pair of positioning flanges (70, 72) of the metal plates (42), and a front fixing wall able to be adapted to said opening (90) of the case (12) in the inserted position of the arc chute (40), and that said fixing wall extends perpendicularly to the flanges (70, 72) positioning the plates (42) and cooperating with at least one auxiliary screw (86, 88) to block the insulating support (69) after the opening (90) has been blanked off by said wall.
  9. An electrical circuit breaker according to claim 8, characterized in that the fixing wall of the insulating support (69) comprises a plurality of exhaust slots (89) for the interruption gases to be evacuated to the outside of the insulating case (12), and that each flange (70, 72) comprises a succession of plate positioning grooves (76), being linked by moulding to a half-plate (78, 80) to form a single insulating part, said front fixing wall being made up by the assembly of the two symmetrical parts bringing about securing of the plates (42) and the coplanar junction of the two half-plates (78, 80) by means of a pair of fixing clamps (82, 84), through both of which said auxiliary screw (86, 88) passes.
  10. An electrical circuit breaker according to claim 7, characterized in that the front part of each contact finger (54) comprises an extension (94) cooperating with a visualization mark (92) located on the cage (56) to enable the wear of the separable contacts (36, 38) to be checked from the opening (90) of the case (12) after removal of the arc chute (40), and that the visualization mark (92) is formed by a half-open notch located on a part of the cage (56), along which the extension (94) moves according to the wear of the contacts (36, 38), visual checking of the wear being carried out in the closed position of the contacts (36, 38).
EP86402269A 1985-10-31 1986-10-13 Cinematic transmission chain between the control mechanism and the poles of an electric circuit breaker with a moulded insulating casing Expired - Lifetime EP0225207B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8516345 1985-10-31
FR8516346 1985-10-31
FR8516345A FR2589624B1 (en) 1985-10-31 1985-10-31 MULTIPOLAR ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH INSULATED MOLDED HOUSING
FR8516346A FR2589625B1 (en) 1985-10-31 1985-10-31 KINEMATIC TRANSMISSION CHAIN BETWEEN THE CONTROL MECHANISM AND THE POLES OF AN ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0225207A1 EP0225207A1 (en) 1987-06-10
EP0225207B1 true EP0225207B1 (en) 1991-05-15

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86402269A Expired - Lifetime EP0225207B1 (en) 1985-10-31 1986-10-13 Cinematic transmission chain between the control mechanism and the poles of an electric circuit breaker with a moulded insulating casing

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4764650A (en)
EP (1) EP0225207B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0828173B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1011450B (en)
BR (1) BR8605349A (en)
CA (1) CA1290798C (en)
DE (1) DE3679291D1 (en)
IN (1) IN168851B (en)
SG (1) SG134392G (en)

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US4764650A (en) 1988-08-16
CN86107135A (en) 1987-04-29
IN168851B (en) 1991-06-29
CA1290798C (en) 1991-10-15
CN1011450B (en) 1991-01-30
BR8605349A (en) 1987-08-04
EP0225207A1 (en) 1987-06-10
SG134392G (en) 1993-03-12
DE3679291D1 (en) 1991-06-20
JPH0828173B2 (en) 1996-03-21
JPS62105332A (en) 1987-05-15

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