EP0225056A1 - Méthode pour réduire le volume d'un matériau contenant des groupes polymérisables par addition - Google Patents

Méthode pour réduire le volume d'un matériau contenant des groupes polymérisables par addition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0225056A1
EP0225056A1 EP86308457A EP86308457A EP0225056A1 EP 0225056 A1 EP0225056 A1 EP 0225056A1 EP 86308457 A EP86308457 A EP 86308457A EP 86308457 A EP86308457 A EP 86308457A EP 0225056 A1 EP0225056 A1 EP 0225056A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slurry
weight
volume
butyrolactone
polymerizable groups
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86308457A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Stephen Snyder
Herbert Andrew Burgman
Edward Mitchell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Publication of EP0225056A1 publication Critical patent/EP0225056A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/15—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/28—Treating solids
    • G21F9/30—Processing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of reducing the volume of material containing addition polymerizable groups.
  • Filter cartridges are widely used in the nuclear industry to filter streams containing radioactive materials. As these cartridges become exhausted and clogged they are removed and stored for later disposal. At the present time hundreds of thousands of these filter cartridges are awaiting a safe and economical method of disposal.
  • Disposal by incineration has the advantage of greatly reducing the volume of radioactive material that must be stored.
  • temperatures of about 1500°E are required to completely oxidize the organic materials in the filters, and at these temperatures heavy metals such as lead and arsenic, and radionuclides, such as ruthenium, may be volatized and present an environmental hazard.
  • the filters contain significant amounts of radium which remains in the ash and requires extensive precautions to remove and dispose of.
  • Another method of disposing of the cartridges is to chop them up and encapsulate them in cement. While this is a widely accepted method of disposal, it greatly increases the volume of waste material that must be stored.
  • the present invention resides in a method of reducing the volume of material containing addition polymerizable groups, characterized by contacting said material with sufficient butyrolactone to dissolve soluble organic material therein and form a slurry; and adding from 0.1 to 0.2% by weight, based on said slurry weight, of an addition polymerization catalyst, to polymerize said additional polymerizable groups and solidify said slurry.
  • the method of this invention is applicable to any contaminated material made with an addition polymerizable organic polymer; such materials contain ethylenically unsaturated double bonds. It is particularly applicable to materials containing large amounts of acrylics and phenolics because these materials are very difficult to dissolve and treat by any other method.
  • a material well suited for treatment according to the process of this invention is one containing from 40 to 50% by weight acrylic fiber and from 40 to 50% phenolic resin; filter material may also contain from 5 to 12% wood pulp. While comminution of the material is not required, it is preferred because it greatly reduces the dissolution time.
  • the filter element material is contacted with sufficient butyrolactone to dissolve the organic matter present that is soluble in the butyrolactone. No more butyrolactone should be used than is necessary to dissolve this material since additional butyrolactone will unnecessarily add to the waste volume. Since some of the contaminants in the material, and possibly some of the organic materials themselves, will not be soluble in the butytrolactone, a slurry will be formed.
  • the polymerizable material in the slurry is cross-linked or polymerized to solidify the slurry.
  • This can be accomplished in the final storage container or it may be accomplished in a reaction vessel.
  • the reactive mixture can then be poured into the final container before it solidifies.
  • Solidification of the slurry is accomplished by the addition thereto of from 0.1 to 0.2% by weight, based on the total slurry weight, of an addition polymerization catalyst. Less than 0.1% catalyst is ineffective and more than 2% is unnecessary.
  • Such catalysts are well known in the art and are typically free radical initiators. Examples of suitable free radical initiators include triactin, benzoyl peroxide, and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide. Peroxides are preferred as they have been found to work well.
  • ethylenically unsaturated monomer it is preferable to add from 10 to 50% by weight, based on total slurry weight, of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer to the slurry to reduce the time required for the slurry to solidify. If less than 10% of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is used, the time required for the slurry to solidify will not be reduced very much, and more than 50°,o will have minimal additional effect.
  • Suitable ethylenically unsaturated monomers include butadiene, propylene, ethylene, maleic anhydride, and styrene. Styrene is preferred because it has been found to work very well.
  • the ethylenically unsaturated monomer may have any molecular weight and, while it acts as a monomer in this reaction, it may itself be a polymer or an oligomer.
  • the polymerization and solidification of the slurry will occur at room temperature, but it is preferable to heat the slurry between 70°C and about the boiling point of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer in order to speed the reaction.
  • filter cartridges are placed in a chopper or shredder 1 which comminutes them into easily dissolved pieces.
  • the solid material passes through line 2 into dissolution tank 3, while the liquid material passes through line 4 into water purge line 5.
  • Butyrolactone in feed tank 6 is pumped through line 7 by feed pump 8 to line 9 into dissolution tank 3 where it attacks and dissolves in the comminuted filter material.
  • Vapors from tank 3 are collected in line 11 by condenser 12, and the condensed vapors pass through line 13 to feed tank 6, while air in line 14 is exhausted.
  • the dissolved filter cartridges, along with undissolved material passes as a slurry through line 15 into drum 16.
  • a solidification agent is pumped from tank 17 through line 18 by feed pump 19 to line 20 into drum 16, where the polymerizable material polymerizes and solidifies, entrapping the solid waste material.
  • Water in line 5 passes to water treatment tank 21, where the solids are separated by crystallization or evaporation. The solids can then be passed through line 22 to drum 16 for encapsulation, while the liquid is discharged in line 23 as an affluent.
  • the cartridges were cut into small pieces and placed in beakers containing butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and tetrachlorethylene at room temperature. Other pieces were placed in flasks containing N-methyl-pyrrolidone, dimethyl formamide, styrene, or caustic soda, and the solvents were refluxed at their normal boiling point. At the end of 24 hours it was found that butyrolactone was the only solvent that degraded or dissolved the filter cartridge. Specifically, 16 0 grams of type C-6 and F-8 filters dissolved in 400 cc of butyrolactone, resulting in a slurry with a final solution volume of about 530 cc. This was a volume reduction factor of about 3:1 over the uncrushed filters.
  • a contaminant solution was then prepared having the following composition:
  • the slurry was mixed with the contaminant solution and various curing agents and the mixture was cured and solidified. Leaching tests were performed on the solid product.
  • the following table describes a solidification procedure and the per cent leached of solids and strontium nitrate into deionized (DI) water.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
EP86308457A 1985-10-30 1986-10-30 Méthode pour réduire le volume d'un matériau contenant des groupes polymérisables par addition Withdrawn EP0225056A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/793,040 US4715992A (en) 1985-10-30 1985-10-30 Filter element reduction method
US793040 1991-11-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0225056A1 true EP0225056A1 (fr) 1987-06-10

Family

ID=25158909

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86308457A Withdrawn EP0225056A1 (fr) 1985-10-30 1986-10-30 Méthode pour réduire le volume d'un matériau contenant des groupes polymérisables par addition

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4715992A (fr)
EP (1) EP0225056A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62112100A (fr)
KR (1) KR870004079A (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2608457B1 (fr) * 1986-12-19 1993-09-10 Charbonnages Ste Chimique Procede d'extraction de cations et son application au traitement d'effluents aqueux
FR2682524B1 (fr) * 1991-10-10 1993-12-10 Matieres Nucleaires Cie Gle Procede de conditionnement ou de recyclage de cartouches ioniques usagers.
US5288434A (en) * 1992-08-21 1994-02-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Hepa filter dissolution process
EP0857193B1 (fr) * 1995-10-24 1999-04-14 Fillger S.A. Procede de confinement de materiaux solides
EP1386956B1 (fr) * 2002-07-30 2009-07-01 Chevron Oronite S.A. Composition d'additifs pour huile de transmission contenant du borate de metal alkalin hydraté et du nitrure de bore héxagonal
EP1590064A4 (fr) * 2002-12-24 2007-11-21 Microtek Medical Holdings Inc Milieu filtrant d'alcool polyvinylique
PT1535987E (pt) * 2003-11-28 2013-03-04 Total Raffinage Marketing Composição de aditivo para óleo de transmissão contendo nitreto de boro hexagonal e um melhorador do índice de viscosidade

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3629135A (en) * 1968-10-10 1971-12-21 Atomic Energy Commission Method of dissolving radioactive contaminated organic ion exchange resins
FR2128472A1 (fr) * 1971-03-04 1972-10-20 Basf Ag
US3791981A (en) * 1971-04-07 1974-02-12 Aerochem Res Lab Volume reduction of radioactive ion exchange resins for disposal
US4230672A (en) * 1978-12-24 1980-10-28 General Electric Company Apparatus for recovering nuclear fuel from scrap material

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3616603A (en) * 1969-11-21 1971-11-02 Sylvania Electric Prod Decomposable filter means and method of utilization
SU363273A1 (ru) * 1971-04-29 1973-06-14 Авторы изобретени витель Способ замены фильтрующего материала
US3902981A (en) * 1971-05-11 1975-09-02 Du Pont Process for electrophoretic deposition
US4131563A (en) * 1973-12-20 1978-12-26 Steag Kernenergie G.M.B.H. Process of preparing substantially solid waste containing radioactive or toxic substances for safe, non-pollutive handling, transportation and permanent storage
DE2363474C3 (de) * 1973-12-20 1986-02-13 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe Verfahren zur Verfestigung von im wesentlichen organischen, radioative oder toxische Stoffe enthaltenden Abfallflüssigkeiten
DE2363475C3 (de) * 1973-12-20 1986-06-19 Steag Kernenergie Gmbh, 4300 Essen Verfahren zum Aufbereiten von radioaktive oder toxische Stoffe enthaltenden, festen Abfällen zur sicheren Handhabung, Transportierung und Endlagerung
FR2361725A1 (fr) * 1976-08-13 1978-03-10 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procede de stockage de dechets radioactifs solides de grandes dimensions
US4234447A (en) * 1978-07-17 1980-11-18 The Dow Chemical Company Mixing method and container therefor
US4230597A (en) * 1978-08-03 1980-10-28 Hittman Corporation Conversion of radioactive waste materials into solid form
US4382026A (en) * 1978-11-20 1983-05-03 The Dow Chemical Company Process for encapsulating radioactive organic liquids in a resin
US4405512A (en) * 1979-04-25 1983-09-20 The Dow Chemical Company Process for encapsulating radioactive organic liquids in a resin
JPS5931040B2 (ja) * 1980-09-12 1984-07-30 株式会社日立製作所 放射性廃棄物の造粒装置
US4387216A (en) * 1981-05-06 1983-06-07 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Heat-polymerizable compositions comprising epoxide resins, aromatic sulfoxonium salts, and organic oxidants
GB2107917A (en) * 1981-10-20 1983-05-05 Chapman Brian Cope Immobilisation of hazardous waste
US4459211A (en) * 1982-05-10 1984-07-10 The Dow Chemical Company Process for waste encapsulation

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3629135A (en) * 1968-10-10 1971-12-21 Atomic Energy Commission Method of dissolving radioactive contaminated organic ion exchange resins
FR2128472A1 (fr) * 1971-03-04 1972-10-20 Basf Ag
US3791981A (en) * 1971-04-07 1974-02-12 Aerochem Res Lab Volume reduction of radioactive ion exchange resins for disposal
US4230672A (en) * 1978-12-24 1980-10-28 General Electric Company Apparatus for recovering nuclear fuel from scrap material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4715992A (en) 1987-12-29
JPS62112100A (ja) 1987-05-23
KR870004079A (ko) 1987-05-07

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Inventor name: BURGMAN, HERBERT ANDREW

Inventor name: SNYDER, THOMAS STEPHEN

Inventor name: MITCHELL, EDWARD