EP0222284B1 - Mounting method for heat-insulated roofs, walls, floors and ceilings - Google Patents

Mounting method for heat-insulated roofs, walls, floors and ceilings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0222284B1
EP0222284B1 EP86115176A EP86115176A EP0222284B1 EP 0222284 B1 EP0222284 B1 EP 0222284B1 EP 86115176 A EP86115176 A EP 86115176A EP 86115176 A EP86115176 A EP 86115176A EP 0222284 B1 EP0222284 B1 EP 0222284B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
holes
insulating
underlayer
rafters
roof
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP86115176A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0222284A2 (en
EP0222284A3 (en
Inventor
Jachen Dorta
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT86115176T priority Critical patent/ATE78544T1/en
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Publication of EP0222284A3 publication Critical patent/EP0222284A3/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E04B7/22Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having insulating properties, e.g. laminated with layers of insulating material
    • E04B7/225Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having insulating properties, e.g. laminated with layers of insulating material the slabs having non-structural supports for roofing materials
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1606Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1612Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters
    • E04D13/1618Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters with means for fixing the insulating material between the roof covering and the upper surface of the roof purlins or rafters
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B2001/386Nailable or screwable inserts for foam panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for assembling heat-insulated roofs, walls, floors or ceilings, in which at least one layer is held on a base of insulating plates laid next to one another by supporting bodies which are received in holes in the insulating plate layer and are fastened to the base by fastening means , and in which an outer cover is attached to the supporting bodies.
  • a method for assembling such a heat insulating cladding of a wall is known.
  • the wall is provided with profile strips (lornen) running parallel to one another at a desired distance.
  • the supporting bodies are first attached to the profile strips (liernen) at intervals.
  • a first layer of successive insulating plates is laid on the profile strips (liernen), each plate being provided with a central hole through which one of the supporting bodies extends.
  • first insulating plate layer which have a concave, quarter-circular recess at each of their four corners, so that the quarter-circular recesses on four adjacent plate corners each have a circular recess for receiving the end of the support body which projects beyond the first insulating plate layer form.
  • cover is placed on the second insulating plate layer and fastened to the supporting bodies.
  • FR-A-2 003 019 recommends sealing the joints with a sealing tape. Apart from the additional work, this does not solve the problems that arise when a plate is too large or the distance between two supporting bodies is too small.
  • the invention solves the task of attaching the insulating plate layer without any special accuracy requirements and accordingly simply and in a time-saving manner in a seamless state without tension to the underside. To do this, it is sufficient if the insulating plates fit exactly together, for example, are sufficiently square at right angles and have the same side lengths in one direction. With regard to the arrangement of the holes, there are no special accuracy requirements, it is sufficient to arrange the holes over a stable position of the base, for example in the case of a roof over the rafters, in order to achieve a stable construction.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that the plates can be joined together effortlessly and in a time-saving manner, namely simply pushed against one another, are ultimately kept free of tension, and that the arrangement of the holes can be selected as desired, in any case does not require any demanding custom work .
  • the insulating plates are also simple, without holes and without special cutouts at the corners of the plates.
  • DE-A-3 040 794 discloses a method of another generic type, in which an insulating layer is fastened to a supporting structure by means of fastening disk units.
  • Each mounting disc unit consists of an upper and a lower disc, each of which has a coaxial extension.
  • the base of the lower disc is provided with an axial hole which also penetrates the disc and which is tapered at the end.
  • the lower pane is pressed onto the insulating layer in such a way that it partially and completely penetrates the insulating layer.
  • the lower disc is attached to the supporting structure by means of a screw, the head of which is supported on the narrowing of the hole.
  • the upper disc is screwed with its shoulder into the hole of the shoulder of the lower disc.
  • the invention is to be distinguished from the conventional method for attaching insulating boards by means of dowels to a house wall, such as those used for. B. are described in EP-A-86 452.
  • the insulating boards are plastered with mortar after being attached to the wall.
  • a special dowel is used to prevent the formation of cracks in the overlying mortar layer at the locations of the dowels.
  • This has on its (metallic) dowel head an insulating material with a pin pressed into a recess in the head like a push button.
  • the expansion dowel is inserted into a blind hole in the wall and the dowel bolt is inserted into the expansion dowel through a through hole in the insulating material plate.
  • the head covered with the insulating material rondelle comes to lie in an upper broadening of the through hole.
  • the insulating rondelle is dimensioned so thick that it can be sanded down somewhat when leveling the surface of the insulating material plates, so that the rondelle surface lies flush with the surface of the insulating material plates and enables the surface to be plastered evenly with the mortar.
  • a formwork 1 on the rafters 2 The formwork 1 is covered with a vapor barrier 4 (Fig. 2), for example, from overlapping, glued plastic sheets or by means of a flame welded roofing paper sheets, and a layer of immediately, seamlessly and closely abutting insulating plates 6, for example made of foam plastic, is placed thereon is supported on the eaves of the roof on a beam 8 to which the gutter (not shown) is attached.
  • a vapor barrier 4 Fig. 2
  • a layer of immediately, seamlessly and closely abutting insulating plates 6, for example made of foam plastic, is placed thereon is supported on the eaves of the roof on a beam 8 to which the gutter (not shown) is attached.
  • the format and the size of the insulating plates 6 are in principle freely selectable.
  • holes 10 are drilled at locations above the rafters 2, the spacing along the rafters 2 depending on the roof pitch and the snow load to be taken into account, for example 60-120 cm can be. It is not necessary to provide each insulating plate 6 with a hole 10. These holes serve to accommodate them adapted support body 12, which are described in more detail below in connection with FIGS. 3 and 4, and can expediently with a special, further Drill 14 also described in more detail below in connection with FIG. 5.
  • the holes 10 are cylindrical blind holes which extend up to a few millimeters to the lower side of the plates 6, so that a thin hole bottom 16 remains there (FIG. 2).
  • the support bodies 12 are inserted into the holes 10 and individually connected to the rafters 2 by a connecting means which is passed through a through hole 18 of the support body 12 and engages through the perforated base 16, the vapor barrier 4 and the formwork 1 in the rafters 2 .
  • the lanyard can be a nail or a wood screw.
  • These connecting means are suitable for penetrating the perforated base 16, if the plates 6 are made of foam plastic, for example, as well as the vapor barrier 4 and the formwork 1 itself and penetrating the rafters 2 themselves and firmly adhering to them.
  • the perforated base 16 and the vapor barrier 4 are pressed together between the supporting body 12 and the formwork 1, the vapor barrier 4 remains vapor-tight despite the hole caused by the connecting means.
  • the perforated base 16 could also be removed after the hole 10 had been drilled, ie the insulating plate material forming it could be removed, so that the support body is then pressed directly onto the vapor barrier 4.
  • a so-called sub-roof 20 (FIG. 2), which can be designed in the same way as the vapor barrier 4, is placed over the layer of insulating plates 6, which is supported in a shear-resistant manner, and on top of this a flat piece is placed at each point above a supporting body 12 self-adhesive seal material existing seal 21 attached.
  • a counter batten 22 is placed on the roof 20 above each roof rafter 2 placed and connected to the supporting bodies 12 by nails 23 (Fig. 2) or screws, the seals 21 compressed between the counter battens 22 and the sub-roof 20 sealing the penetration points of the nails 23 or screws.
  • roof battens 23 can be nailed onto the counter battens as carriers for the roof tiles.
  • a plurality of layers of insulating plates 6 can also be laid one above the other, expediently such that the joints of adjacent plates of each layer are offset from those of the layer below.
  • the holes 10 are drilled through all layers, with perforated bases 16 only remaining in the lowest position. This results automatically when using the drill 14, as described further below.
  • each insulating plate 6 is installed during installation, e.g. with nails, dowels, e.g. Plastic dowels or an adhesive, so firmly connected to the base that they are adequately fixed when drilling the holes 10, inserting the support body 12 and connecting them to the base and until an outer skin is attached.
  • dowels e.g. Plastic dowels or an adhesive
  • the support body 12 can be made of wood, but a non-rotting, sufficiently strong material is expedient, which is suitable for holding a nail or a wood screw in a tensile manner without first having to drill a hole for it.
  • Materials of this type are preferably filler-binder mixtures.
  • a suitable material consists, for example, of a mixture of 23% by weight synthetic resin (trade name Grilonit GV 31.1520), 9% by weight hardener (Trade name Grilonit V 48-15) and 68 wt .-% filler, which is pressed into a cylindrical shape, pre-hardened, removed from the mold and hardened.
  • a suitable filling material is, for example, a bulk material made of very small hollow spheres made of Al2O3, SiO2 and Fe2O3 with the trade name Fillite, type 52/7.
  • the hole 18 can be central or eccentric in the support body 12.
  • each support body 12 in the case of a sloping roof or a wall, each support body 12 is to be inserted into its hole 10 in such a way that the hole 18 lies vertically above the axis of the support body 12. Otherwise, the thrust that the insulating plates 6 exert due to their weight on the supporting body 12 could cause the latter to rotate and thus cause a displacement of the insulating plates 6, whereupon their immediate close abutment would no longer be guaranteed.
  • the drill 14 is basically a cylinder head drill, it differs from the usual drills of this type in that its shaft 32 does not have a pin with a centering tip, but rather a cap screw (in the example with a hexagon head 34) is screwed into the shaft 32, so that her head 34 forms a stop projecting beyond the cutting edges 36 and end cutting edges 38.
  • a stop could also be formed in a different way and in another suitable form.
  • this stop 34 can penetrate without further ado until it abuts or almost touches the vapor barrier 4, which is supported by the non-yielding formwork 1, which at the locations where the holes 10 are drilled, is supported by the rafters 2.
  • the drill 14 can be used with a conventional, hands-free, electric hand drill. More expedient, however, is a boring frame to be placed on the insulating plates 6, in which the drive device for the drill 14 is axially displaceably mounted and can be advanced against a spring force.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

A layer of heat-insulating panels (6) is placed on a base (4, 1, 2) and is provided with holes (10) at load-bearing points, for example, on a roof, at points located above the rafters (2). Suitable supporting bodies (12) made of insulating material are inserted into the holes (10) and are connected to the base, for example to the roof rafters (2). Thereupon, an outer covering (20, 22) is applied over the panels (6) and is connected to the supporting bodies (12). In this way, the supporting bodies (12) hold the insulating panels (6) on the base (4, 1, 2) with shearing resistance and carry the covering (20, 22). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Montage wärmeisolierter Dächer, Wände, Böden oder Decken, bei denen wenigstens eine Lage auf einer Unterlage nebeneinander verlegter Isolierplatten von Tragkörpern gehalten ist, die in Löchern der Isolierplatten-Lage aufgenommen und durch Befestigungsmittel an der Unterlage befestigt sind, und bei denen eine äussere Abdeckung an den Tragkörpern befestigt ist.The invention relates to a method for assembling heat-insulated roofs, walls, floors or ceilings, in which at least one layer is held on a base of insulating plates laid next to one another by supporting bodies which are received in holes in the insulating plate layer and are fastened to the base by fastening means , and in which an outer cover is attached to the supporting bodies.

Aus der FR-A-2 003 019 ist ein Verfahren zur Montage einer derartigen wärmeisolierenden Verkleidung einer Mauer bekannt. Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren wird die Mauer mit in einem gewünschten Abstand parallel zueinander verlaufen Profilleisten (Liernen) versehen. Dann werden zuerst die Tragkörper in Abständen voneinander an den Profilleisten (Liernen) befestigt. Danach wird eine erste Lage aufeinander folgender Isolierplatten auf den Profilleisten (Liernen) verlegt, wobei jede Platte mit einem zentralen Loch versehen ist, durch das einer der Tragkörper greift. Danach wird auf der ersten Isolierplattenlage eine zweite Lage aufeinander folgender Isolierplatten verlegt, die an jeder ihrer vier Ecken eine konkave, viertelkreisförmige Aussparung haben, so dass die viertelkreisförmigen Aussparungen an vier benachbarten Plattenecken jeweils eine kreisförmige Aussparung zur Aufnahme des die erste Isolierplattenlage überragenden Endes der Tragkörper bilden. Schliesslich wird eine Abdeckung auf die zweite Isolierplattenlage gebracht und an den Tragkörpern befestigt.From FR-A-2 003 019 a method for assembling such a heat insulating cladding of a wall is known. In this known method, the wall is provided with profile strips (lornen) running parallel to one another at a desired distance. Then the supporting bodies are first attached to the profile strips (liernen) at intervals. Thereafter, a first layer of successive insulating plates is laid on the profile strips (liernen), each plate being provided with a central hole through which one of the supporting bodies extends. Then a second layer of successive insulating plates is laid on the first insulating plate layer, which have a concave, quarter-circular recess at each of their four corners, so that the quarter-circular recesses on four adjacent plate corners each have a circular recess for receiving the end of the support body which projects beyond the first insulating plate layer form. Finally, a cover is placed on the second insulating plate layer and fastened to the supporting bodies.

Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren sind die Abstände der Tragkörper sowie die Lage jedes Loches jeder Platte der ersten Isolierplattenlage in bezug auf die Platte fest gegeben, und je vier vierteilkreisförmige Aussparungen an den Ecken der Platten der zweiten Isolierplattenlagen bilden nur dann eine dem Tragkörper angepasste Aussparungen, wenn die Abstände der Tragkörper und die Seitenlänge der Platten genau sind. Fugenlose Isolierplattenlagen setzen eine hohe Massgenauigkeit der Abstände der Tragkörper, der Abmessungen der Isolierplatten und der Lage des Loches in jeder Platte der ersten Isolierplattenlage voraus. Diese Massgenauigkeit überschreitet das im Bauwesen Uebliche und Erreichbare. Bereits geringe Massabweichungen führen entweder zu Fugen zwischen aufeinander folgenden Platten oder zu Spannungen in den Platten und der diese tragenden Konstruktion. Zwar sind die Fugen der beiden Isolierplattenlagen um die halbe Seitenlänge der (quadratischen) Platten gegeneinander versezt, doch kreuzen die Fugen der oberen Isolierplattenlage die der unteren, so dass sie, wenn sie nicht dicht sind, ein Netz miteinander verbundener Kanäle bilden, die an der Aussenseite der beiden Isolierplattenlagen offen sind. Offenbar deshalb wird in der FR-A-2 003 019 empfohlen, die Fugen durch ein Dichtungsband abzudichten. Abgesehen von der zusätzlichen Arbeit sind damit die Probleme nicht gelöst, die auftreten, wenn eine Platte zu gross oder der Abstand zweier Tragkörper zu klein ist.In this known method, the distances between the supporting bodies and the position of each hole of each plate of the first insulating plate layer with respect to the plate are fixed, and four four-part circular recesses at the corners of the plates of the second insulating plate layers form recesses adapted to the supporting body only if the distances between the supporting bodies and the side length of the plates are exact. Seamless insulation plate layers require a high dimensional accuracy of the spacing of the support body, the dimensions of the insulation plates and the position of the hole in each plate of the first insulation plate layer. This dimensional accuracy exceeds what is customary and achievable in construction. Even small deviations in dimensions lead either to joints between successive panels or to tension in the panels and the structure supporting them. Although the joints of the two insulation board layers are offset by half the side length of the (square) boards, the joints of the upper insulation board layer cross those of the lower one, so that, if they are not tight, they form a network of interconnected channels that connect to the The outside of the two insulation plate layers are open. Apparently this is why FR-A-2 003 019 recommends sealing the joints with a sealing tape. Apart from the additional work, this does not solve the problems that arise when a plate is too large or the distance between two supporting bodies is too small.

Hier wird durch die Erfindung Abhilfe geschaffen. Die Erfindung, wie sie im Patentanspruch 1 gekennzeichnet ist, löst die Aufgabe, die Isolierplattenlage ohne besondere Genauigkeitsanforderungen und demgemäss einfach und zeitsparend in fugenlosem Zustand spannungsfrei an der Unterseite zu befestigen. Dazu genügt es, wenn die Isolierplatten genau aneinander passen, z.B. hinreichend winkelgenau rechteckig sind und in einer Richtung gleiche Seitenlängen haben. Hinsichtlich der Anordnung der Löcher bestehen keine besonderen Genauigkeitsanforderungen, es genügt, die Löcher über tragfähigem Stellen der Unterlage, z.B. im Falle eines Daches über den Dachsparren, anzuordnen, um eine stabile Konstruktion zu erreichen.This is remedied by the invention. The invention, as characterized in claim 1, solves the task of attaching the insulating plate layer without any special accuracy requirements and accordingly simply and in a time-saving manner in a seamless state without tension to the underside. To do this, it is sufficient if the insulating plates fit exactly together, for example, are sufficiently square at right angles and have the same side lengths in one direction. With regard to the arrangement of the holes, there are no special accuracy requirements, it is sufficient to arrange the holes over a stable position of the base, for example in the case of a roof over the rafters, in order to achieve a stable construction.

Die durch die Erfindung erreichten Vorteile sind im wesentlichen darin zu sehen, dass die Platten mühelos und zeitsparend fugenlos zusammengefügt, nämlich einfach aufeinander gestossen werden können, schliesslich spannungsfrei gehalten sind, und dass die Anordnung der Löcher weitgehend frei wählbar ist, jedenfalls keine anspruchsvolle Massarbeit erfordert. Auch sind die Isolierplatten einfach, ohne Löcher und ohne besondere Aussparungen an den Plattenecken.The advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that the plates can be joined together effortlessly and in a time-saving manner, namely simply pushed against one another, are ultimately kept free of tension, and that the arrangement of the holes can be selected as desired, in any case does not require any demanding custom work . The insulating plates are also simple, without holes and without special cutouts at the corners of the plates.

Aus der DE-A-3 040 794 ist ein gattungsmässig anderes Verfahren bekannt, bei dem eine Isolierschicht durch Befestigungsscheibeneinheiten an einer Tragkonstruktion befestigt wird. Jede Befestigungsscheibeneinheit besteht aus einer oberen und einer unteren Scheibe, deren jede einen koaxialen Ansatz hat. Der Ansatz der unteren Scheibe ist mit einem auch die Scheibe durchsetzenden, achsialen Loch versehen, das am Ende verjüngt ist. Die untere Scheibe wird so auf die Isolierschicht gedrückt, dass sie teilweise und ihr Ansatz vollständig in die Isolierschicht eindringt. Durch eine Schraube, deren Kopf sich an der Verengung des Loches abstützt, wird die untere Scheibe an der Tragkonstruktion befestigt. Die obere Scheibe wird mit ihrem Ansatz in das Loch des Ansatzes der unteren Scheibe geschraubt. Sie dient dazu, eine auf die Isolierschicht und die unteren Scheiben gelegte Folie dicht zwischen den beiden Scheiben festzuklemmen. Weil bei diesem Verfahren keine Isolierplatten nebeneinander verlegt werden, stellt sich die durch die vorliegende Erfindung gelöste Aufgabe nicht. Auch setzt dieses bekannte Verfahren eine Isolierschicht voraus, in welche die Befestigungscheibeneinheiten hinein gedrückt werden können. Dazu ist das Material der Isolierplatten, die bei dem Verfahren von dem die Erfindung ausgeht, nebeneinander verlegt werden, nicht geeignet.DE-A-3 040 794 discloses a method of another generic type, in which an insulating layer is fastened to a supporting structure by means of fastening disk units. Each mounting disc unit consists of an upper and a lower disc, each of which has a coaxial extension. The base of the lower disc is provided with an axial hole which also penetrates the disc and which is tapered at the end. The lower pane is pressed onto the insulating layer in such a way that it partially and completely penetrates the insulating layer. The lower disc is attached to the supporting structure by means of a screw, the head of which is supported on the narrowing of the hole. The upper disc is screwed with its shoulder into the hole of the shoulder of the lower disc. It serves to clamp a film placed on the insulating layer and the lower panes tightly between the two panes. Because no insulating plates are laid next to one another in this method, the object achieved by the present invention does not arise. This known method also requires an insulating layer into which the fastening disk units can be pressed. The material of the insulating plates, which are laid next to one another in the method from which the invention is based, is not suitable for this purpose.

Die Erfindung ist zu unterscheiden von den herkömmlichen Verfahren zur Befestigung von Isolierstoffplatten mittels Dübeln an einer Hausmauer, wie sie z. B. in der EP-A-86 452 beschrieben sind. Bei diesem gattungsgemäss anderen Verfahren werden die Isolierstoffplatten nach dem Andübeln an die Mauer mit Mörtel verputzt. Um die Rissbildung in der darüberliegenden Mörtelschicht an den Stellen der Dübel zu vermeiden, wird ein spezieller Dübel eingesetzt. Dieser weist auf seinem (metallischen) Dübelkopf eine Isolierstoffrondelle mit einem druckknopfartig in einer Vertiefung des Kopfes eingepressten Zapfen auf. Zum Befestigen der Isolierstoffplatten durch die Dübel wird der Spreizdübel in ein Sackloch der Mauer gesteckt und der Dübelbolzen durch ein Durchgangsloch der Isolierstoffplatte hindurch in den Spreizdübel eingeführt. Der mit der Isolierstoffrondelle abgedeckte Kopf kommt dabei in eine obere Verbreiterung des Durchganysloches zu liegen. Die Isolierstoffrondelle ist so dick bemessen, dass sie beim Egalisieren der Oberfläche der Isolierstoffplatten etwas abgeschliffen werden kann, so dass die Rondellenoberfläche bündig in der Oberfläche der Isolierstoffplatten liegt und ein gleichmässiges Verputzen der Oberfläche mit dem Mörtel ermöglicht wird.The invention is to be distinguished from the conventional method for attaching insulating boards by means of dowels to a house wall, such as those used for. B. are described in EP-A-86 452. In this generic method, the insulating boards are plastered with mortar after being attached to the wall. A special dowel is used to prevent the formation of cracks in the overlying mortar layer at the locations of the dowels. This has on its (metallic) dowel head an insulating material with a pin pressed into a recess in the head like a push button. To fasten the insulating material plates through the dowels, the expansion dowel is inserted into a blind hole in the wall and the dowel bolt is inserted into the expansion dowel through a through hole in the insulating material plate. The head covered with the insulating material rondelle comes to lie in an upper broadening of the through hole. The insulating rondelle is dimensioned so thick that it can be sanded down somewhat when leveling the surface of the insulating material plates, so that the rondelle surface lies flush with the surface of the insulating material plates and enables the surface to be plastered evenly with the mortar.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand lediglich einen Ausführungsweg am Beispiel eines Schrägdaches darstellender Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch einen Teil eines Schrägdaches,
Fig. 2
eine Einzelheit von Fig. 1 in grösserem Massstab,
Fig. 3 und 4
eine Seitenansicht und eine Draufsicht auf einen Tragkörper des Daches von Fig. 1,
Fig. 5
eine Seitenansicht eines Bohrers zum Bohren von je einen Tragkörper aufnehmenden Löcher in den Isolierplatten des Daches von Fig. 1 und 2,
Fig. 6
eine Draufsicht nach der Schnittlinie VI-VI in Fig. 1.
In the following, the invention is explained in more detail using only one embodiment using the example of a drawing showing a sloping roof. Show it:
Fig. 1
a cross section through part of a pitched roof,
Fig. 2
1 on a larger scale,
3 and 4
2 shows a side view and a top view of a supporting body of the roof from FIG. 1,
Fig. 5
2 shows a side view of a drill for drilling holes, each receiving a supporting body, in the insulating plates of the roof of FIGS. 1 and 2,
Fig. 6
a plan view along the section line VI-VI in Fig. 1st

Zur Montage des dargestellten Daches werden Bretter zur Bildung einer schalung 1 auf die Dachsparren 2 genagelt. Die Schalung 1 wird mit einer Dampfsperre 4 (Fig. 2) z.B. aus einander überlappenden, zusammengeklebten Kunststoffbahnen oder mittels einer Flamme aneinander geschweisster Dachpappebahnen bedeckt, und darauf wird eine Lage unmittelbar, fugenlos und dicht aneinander anstossender Isolierplatten 6 z.B. aus Schaumkunststoff gelegt, die sich an der Traufe des Daches an einem Balken 8 abstützt, an dem die Dachrinne (nicht dargestellt) befestigt wird. Das Format und die Grösse der Isolierplatten 6 sind im Prinzip frei wählbar. In die auf der mit der Dampfsperre 4 überzogene von den Sparren 2 getragene schalung 1 liegende Lage Isolierplatten 6 werden an über den Sparren 2 liegenden Stellen Löcher 10 gebohrt, deren Abstand längs der Sparren 2 je nach Dachneigung und zu berücksichtigender Schneelast z.B. 60-120 cm betragen kann. Dabei ist es nicht erforderlich, jede Isolierplatte 6 mit einem Loch 10 zu versehen. Diese Löcher dienen zur Aufnahme ihnen angepasster Tragkörper 12, die weiter unten im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 3 und 4 näher beschrieben werden, und können zweckmässig mit einem speziellen, weiter unten im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 5 ebenfalls näher beschriebenen Bohrer 14 gebohrt werden. Die Löcher 10 sind zylindrische Sacklöcher, die sich bis wenige Millimeter an die untere Seite der Platten 6 erstrecken, so dass dort ein dünner Lochboden 16 verbleibt (Fig. 2). Die Tragkörper 12 werden in die Löcher 10 eingesetzt und einzeln durch ein Verbindungsmittel, das durch ein Durchgangsloch 18 des Tragkörpers 12 hindurchgeführt wird und durch den Lochboden 16, die Dampfsperre 4 und die Schalung 1 in den Sparren 2 greift, fest mit den Sparren 2 verbunden. Das Verbindungsmittel kann ein Nagel oder eine Holzschraube sein. Diese Verbindungsmittel sind dazu geeignet, den Lochboden 16, wenn die Platten 6 z.B. aus Schaumkunststoff bestehen, sowie die Dampfsperre 4 und die Schalung 1 selbst zu durchdringen und selbst in den Sparren 2 einzudringen und fest in diesem zu haften. Weil nach dem Verbinden des Tragkörpers 12 mit dem Sparren 2 der Lochboden 16 und die Dampfsperre 4 zwischen dem Tragkörper 12 und der Schalung 1 zusammengepresst sind, bleibt die Dampfsperre 4 trotz des durch das Verbindungsmittel verursachten Loches dampfdicht. Der Lochboden 16 könnte nach dem Bohren des Loches 10 auch entfernt, d.h. das ihn bildende Isolierplattenmaterial könnte herausgenommen werden, so dass der Tragkörper dann unmittelbar an die Dampfsperre 4 gedrückt ist.To assemble the roof shown, boards are nailed to form a formwork 1 on the rafters 2. The formwork 1 is covered with a vapor barrier 4 (Fig. 2), for example, from overlapping, glued plastic sheets or by means of a flame welded roofing paper sheets, and a layer of immediately, seamlessly and closely abutting insulating plates 6, for example made of foam plastic, is placed thereon is supported on the eaves of the roof on a beam 8 to which the gutter (not shown) is attached. The format and the size of the insulating plates 6 are in principle freely selectable. In the layer of insulating plates 6 lying on the formwork 1 supported by the rafters 4 and covered with the vapor barrier 4, holes 10 are drilled at locations above the rafters 2, the spacing along the rafters 2 depending on the roof pitch and the snow load to be taken into account, for example 60-120 cm can be. It is not necessary to provide each insulating plate 6 with a hole 10. These holes serve to accommodate them adapted support body 12, which are described in more detail below in connection with FIGS. 3 and 4, and can expediently with a special, further Drill 14 also described in more detail below in connection with FIG. 5. The holes 10 are cylindrical blind holes which extend up to a few millimeters to the lower side of the plates 6, so that a thin hole bottom 16 remains there (FIG. 2). The support bodies 12 are inserted into the holes 10 and individually connected to the rafters 2 by a connecting means which is passed through a through hole 18 of the support body 12 and engages through the perforated base 16, the vapor barrier 4 and the formwork 1 in the rafters 2 . The lanyard can be a nail or a wood screw. These connecting means are suitable for penetrating the perforated base 16, if the plates 6 are made of foam plastic, for example, as well as the vapor barrier 4 and the formwork 1 itself and penetrating the rafters 2 themselves and firmly adhering to them. Because after the connection of the supporting body 12 to the rafters 2, the perforated base 16 and the vapor barrier 4 are pressed together between the supporting body 12 and the formwork 1, the vapor barrier 4 remains vapor-tight despite the hole caused by the connecting means. The perforated base 16 could also be removed after the hole 10 had been drilled, ie the insulating plate material forming it could be removed, so that the support body is then pressed directly onto the vapor barrier 4.

Ueber die von den Tragkörpern 12 schubfest getragene Lage Isolierplatten 6 wird ein sogenanntes Unterdach 20 (Fig. 2), das ebenso wie die Dampfsperre 4 ausgeführt sein kann, gelegt und auf dieses werden an jeder über einen Tragkörper 12 liegenden Stelle eine aus einem flachen Stück selbstklebenden Dichtungsmaterial bestehende Dichtung 21 angebracht. Dann wird über jeder Dachsparre 2 eine Konterlatte 22 auf das Unterdach 20 gelegt und mit den Tragkörpern 12 durch Nägel 23 (Fig. 2) oder Schrauben verbunden, wobei die zwischen den Konterlatten 22 und dem Unterdach 20 zusammengepressten Dichtungen 21 die Durchdringungsstellen der Nägel 23 oder Schrauben abdichten. Schliesslich können z.B. für ein Ziegeldach Dachlatten 23 als Träger für die Dachziegel auf die Konterlatten genagelt werden.A so-called sub-roof 20 (FIG. 2), which can be designed in the same way as the vapor barrier 4, is placed over the layer of insulating plates 6, which is supported in a shear-resistant manner, and on top of this a flat piece is placed at each point above a supporting body 12 self-adhesive seal material existing seal 21 attached. Then a counter batten 22 is placed on the roof 20 above each roof rafter 2 placed and connected to the supporting bodies 12 by nails 23 (Fig. 2) or screws, the seals 21 compressed between the counter battens 22 and the sub-roof 20 sealing the penetration points of the nails 23 or screws. Finally, for a tiled roof, roof battens 23 can be nailed onto the counter battens as carriers for the roof tiles.

Es können auch mehrere Lagen Isolierplatten 6 übereinander verlegt werden, zweckmässig so, dass die Stossstellen benachbarter Platten jeder Lage gegen die der darunterliegenden versetzt sind. Dabei werden die Löcher 10 durch alle Lagen hindurch gebohrt, wobei Lochböden 16 nur in der untersten Lage stehen bleiben. Das ergibt sich bei Verwendung des Bohrers 14 von selbst, wie weiter unten beschrieben.A plurality of layers of insulating plates 6 can also be laid one above the other, expediently such that the joints of adjacent plates of each layer are offset from those of the layer below. The holes 10 are drilled through all layers, with perforated bases 16 only remaining in the lowest position. This results automatically when using the drill 14, as described further below.

Bei der Montage einer entsprechend dem beschriebenen Dach wärmeisolierten Wand wird jede Isolierplatte 6 beim Verlegen, z.B. mit Nägeln, Dübeln, z.B. Kunststoffdübeln oder einem Klebemittel, so fest mit der Unterlage verbunden, dass sie beim Bohren der Löcher 10, Einsetzen der Tragkörper 12 und deren Verbinden mit der Unterlage und bis zum Anbringen einer Aussenhaut hinreichend fixiert sind.When installing a wall that is thermally insulated in accordance with the roof described, each insulating plate 6 is installed during installation, e.g. with nails, dowels, e.g. Plastic dowels or an adhesive, so firmly connected to the base that they are adequately fixed when drilling the holes 10, inserting the support body 12 and connecting them to the base and until an outer skin is attached.

Die Tragkörper 12 können aus Holz bestehen, zweckmässiger ist ein nicht verrottendes, hinreichend festes Material, das dazu geeignet ist, einen Nagel oder eine Holzschraube zugfest aufzunehmen, ohne dass vorher ein Loch dafür gebohrt werden müsste. Materialien dieser Art sind vorzugsweise Füllstoff-Bindemittel-Mischungen. Ein geeignetes Material besteht beispielsweise aus einer Mischung von 23 Gew.-% Kunstharz (Handelsbezeichnung Grilonit GV 31.1520), 9 Gew.-%, Härter (Handelsbezeichnung Grilonit V 48-15) und 68 Gew.-% Füllstoff, die in eine zylindrische Form gepresst, vorgehärtet, aus der Form genommen und ausgehärtet wird. Als Füllmaterial eignet sich beispielsweise ein Schüttgut aus sehr kleinen Hohlkugeln aus Al₂O₃, SiO₂ und Fe₂O₃ mit der Handelsbezeichnung Fillite, Typ 52/7.The support body 12 can be made of wood, but a non-rotting, sufficiently strong material is expedient, which is suitable for holding a nail or a wood screw in a tensile manner without first having to drill a hole for it. Materials of this type are preferably filler-binder mixtures. A suitable material consists, for example, of a mixture of 23% by weight synthetic resin (trade name Grilonit GV 31.1520), 9% by weight hardener (Trade name Grilonit V 48-15) and 68 wt .-% filler, which is pressed into a cylindrical shape, pre-hardened, removed from the mold and hardened. A suitable filling material is, for example, a bulk material made of very small hollow spheres made of Al₂O₃, SiO₂ and Fe₂O₃ with the trade name Fillite, type 52/7.

Das Loch 18 kann zentral oder exzentrisch im Tragkörper 12 sein. Im letzteren Falle ist bei einem Schrägdach oder einer Wand jeder Tragkörper 12 so in sein Loch 10 einzusetzen, dass das Loch 18 vertikal über der Achse des Tragkörpers 12 liegt. Andernfalls könnte der Schub, den die Isolierplatten 6 infolge ihres Gewichts auf die Tragkörper 12 ausüben, eine Drehung derselben bewirken und damit eine Verschiebung der Isolierplatten 6, woraufhin deren unmitttelbar dichtes Aneinanderstossen nicht mehr gewährleistet wäre.The hole 18 can be central or eccentric in the support body 12. In the latter case, in the case of a sloping roof or a wall, each support body 12 is to be inserted into its hole 10 in such a way that the hole 18 lies vertically above the axis of the support body 12. Otherwise, the thrust that the insulating plates 6 exert due to their weight on the supporting body 12 could cause the latter to rotate and thus cause a displacement of the insulating plates 6, whereupon their immediate close abutment would no longer be guaranteed.

Der Bohrer 14 ist grundsätzlich ein Zylinderkopfbohrer, er unterscheidet sich von den üblichen Bohrern dieser Art dadurch, dass in seinem Schaft 32 nicht ein Stift mit Zentrierspitze steckt, sondern eine Kopfschraube (im Beispiel mit Sechskantkopf 34) in den Schaft 32 geschraubt ist, so dass ihr Kopf 34 einen über die Vorschneiden 36 und Stirnschneiden 38 vorstehenden Anschlag bildet. Natürlich könnte ein solcher Anschlag auch auf andere Weise und in anderer geeigneter Form gebildet sein. Im Material (Schaumkunststoff) der Isolierplatten 6 kann dieser Anschlag 34 ohne weiteres vordringen, bis er an oder nahezu an die Dampfsperre 4 stösst, die von der nicht nachgebenden Schalung 1 getragen ist, die an den Stellen, an denen die Löcher 10 gebohrt werden, von den Sparren 2 unterstützt ist. So entsteht der dünne Lochboden 16, weil die Schneiden 36 und 38 des Bohrers 14 dann "leer laufen". Der Bohrer 14 kann mit einer üblichen, freihändig zu benutzenden, elektrischen Handbohrmaschine verwendet werden. Zweckmässiger ist jedoch ein auf die Isolierplatten 6 zu stellendes Bohrgestell, in dem die Antriebsvorrichtung für den Bohrer 14 axial verschiebbar gelagert ist und gegen eine Federkraft vorgeschoben werden kann.The drill 14 is basically a cylinder head drill, it differs from the usual drills of this type in that its shaft 32 does not have a pin with a centering tip, but rather a cap screw (in the example with a hexagon head 34) is screwed into the shaft 32, so that her head 34 forms a stop projecting beyond the cutting edges 36 and end cutting edges 38. Of course, such a stop could also be formed in a different way and in another suitable form. In the material (foam plastic) of the insulating plates 6, this stop 34 can penetrate without further ado until it abuts or almost touches the vapor barrier 4, which is supported by the non-yielding formwork 1, which at the locations where the holes 10 are drilled, is supported by the rafters 2. This creates the thin perforated bottom 16 because the cutting edges 36 and 38 of the drill 14 then "run empty". The drill 14 can be used with a conventional, hands-free, electric hand drill. More expedient, however, is a boring frame to be placed on the insulating plates 6, in which the drive device for the drill 14 is axially displaceably mounted and can be advanced against a spring force.

Claims (7)

  1. Method for mounting heat insulated roofs, walls, floors or ceilings, in the case of which at least one layer is held on an underlayer (4, 1, 2) of adjacently disposed insulating plates (6) by carrier members (12), which are accommodated in holes (10) of the insulating plate layer and are secured by securing means (19) to the underlayer (4, 1, 2), and an outer covering (20, 22) is secured on the carrier members (12), characterised in that the insulating plates (6) are pushed against one another in a joint-free manner on the underlayer (4, 1, 2); in that the holes (10) for accommodating the carrier members (12) are bored as continuous holes or blind holes having a base (16) which is thin in comparison to the depth of the hole over load-bearing points of the underlayer (4, 1, 2) in the insulating plates (6), and the carrier members (12), made of insulating material and adapted to the cross-section of the holes (10), are inserted into the holes; in that the carrier members (12) inserted into the holes (10) are secured to the underlayer (4, 1, 2) by means of nails (19) or screws which extend through the carrier members (12) to the underlayer (4, 1, 2), and subsequently the outer covering (20, 22) is secured to the carrier members (12) by means of nails or screws which extend through the outer covering (20, 22) into the carrier members (12).
  2. Method according to Claim 1 for mounting a heat insulating roof, characterised in that the insulating plates (6) are laid on roof boarding (1), supported on the rafters (2), with a vapour seal (4) and are provided at points over the rafters (2) with the holes (10); in that the carrier members (12) are connected to the rafters (2) by connecting means (19) penetrating through the roof boarding (1, 4); and in that the outer skin of the roof (20, 22, 23) is secured on the carrier members (12).
  3. Method according to Claim 1 for mounting a heat insulating wall, characterised in that when the insulating plates (6) are laid against the underlayer they are connected thereto before they are provided with the holes.
  4. Drilling machine (14) for drilling the holes (10) in the insulating plates (6) in the method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, in the form of a cylinder head drill (14) however having a truncated abutment (34) which projects over the cutters (36, 38) of the drill (14) instead of a brad point.
  5. Method for mounting a heat insulating roof, in the case of which insulating plates (6) are disposed in one or more layers in a flush manner abutting one another on boarding (1) supported by the rafters (2), and continuous holes or blind holes (10), of which the base (16) is thin in comparison to the depth of the hole, are bored at points at a distance from one another located over the rafters (2) along the latter, supporting members (12) of insulating material which are closely adapted to the cross-section of the hole are inserted into the holes (10), and the supporting members (12) inserted into the holes (10) are connected to the rafters (2) by means of nails or screws (19), which extend through the supporting members (12) and through the boarding (1) into the rafters (2), and an external roof covering (20, 22) is secured on the supporting members (12) by means of nails or screws, which extend through the outer roof covering (20, 22) into the supporting members (12).
  6. Supporting member for insulating plates of heat insulated roofs, walls, floors or ceilings which can be inserted into an hole in the insulating plate and can be connected to an underlayer of the insulating plates as well as to a covering of the insulating plates, characterised in that the supporting member (12) is cylindrical and provided with an advantageously coaxial continuous hole (18) for a connecting means (19) for connection to the underlayer (4, 1, 2); in that the supporting member (12) comprises a heat insulating material which is suitable for rigidly accommodating a connection means, eg. a nail or a self-tapping screw, for connection to the covering; and in that the axial length of the supporting member (12) is adapted to the thickness of the insulating plates (6) and to the total thickness thereof when there is a plurality of insulating plate layers.
  7. Supporting member according to Claim 6, characterised in that it comprises a mixture of at least one bonding agent and at least one filler material.
EP86115176A 1985-11-06 1986-11-01 Mounting method for heat-insulated roofs, walls, floors and ceilings Expired - Lifetime EP0222284B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86115176T ATE78544T1 (en) 1985-11-06 1986-11-01 INSTALLATION METHODS OF HEAT-INSULATED ROOFING, WALLS, FLOORS AND CEILINGS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4754/85 1985-11-06
CH475485 1985-11-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0222284A2 EP0222284A2 (en) 1987-05-20
EP0222284A3 EP0222284A3 (en) 1987-09-30
EP0222284B1 true EP0222284B1 (en) 1992-07-22

Family

ID=4281926

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86115176A Expired - Lifetime EP0222284B1 (en) 1985-11-06 1986-11-01 Mounting method for heat-insulated roofs, walls, floors and ceilings

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EP (1) EP0222284B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE78544T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3686128D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATA242889A (en) * 1989-10-23 1995-06-15 Geberit Ag FOAMED INSTALLATION BLOCK FOR SANITARY FACILITIES
DE4011437A1 (en) * 1989-11-13 1991-05-16 Mario Flepp ASSEMBLY BASE FOR FASTENING COMPONENTS TO INSULATION AND USE THEREOF
DE4002474A1 (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-06-27 Mario Flepp ASSEMBLY BASE FOR FASTENING COMPONENTS
ATE248268T1 (en) * 1997-05-09 2003-09-15 Reinhard Casutt CORE DRILL FOR PRODUCING A CONNECTION BETWEEN THE ROOF AND SUPPORTING STRUCTURE THROUGH THERMAL INSULATION
NL1009801C2 (en) 1998-08-05 2000-02-08 Exploitatiemaatschappij Merode Production of an insulating element, e.g. for a roof structure, by application of foam material to a bottom plate, forming channels in the foam and placing ribs in the channels
EP0978601B1 (en) 1998-08-05 2004-07-07 Exploitatiemaatschappij Merode B.V. Process and device for the manufacture of an insulating element and element so obtained
ITBS20080060A1 (en) * 2008-03-26 2009-09-27 Wood Beton S P A ROOF PANEL FOR ROOFS, ROOF STRUCTURE AND ITS APPLICATION METHOD

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL6802922A (en) * 1968-03-01 1969-09-03
DE2237091A1 (en) * 1972-07-28 1974-02-14 Fritz Klaus Fischer Plastic roof insulating sheet - with bonded mounting strips for securing screws
NO793519L (en) * 1979-11-01 1981-05-05 Protan & Fagertun As PROCEDURE FOR FIXING INSULATIVE AND SEALING DISEASES AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCEDURE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE78544T1 (en) 1992-08-15
EP0222284A2 (en) 1987-05-20
EP0222284A3 (en) 1987-09-30
DE3686128D1 (en) 1992-08-27

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