EP0221988A1 - Rotors pour separateurs centrifuges - Google Patents

Rotors pour separateurs centrifuges

Info

Publication number
EP0221988A1
EP0221988A1 EP19860903488 EP86903488A EP0221988A1 EP 0221988 A1 EP0221988 A1 EP 0221988A1 EP 19860903488 EP19860903488 EP 19860903488 EP 86903488 A EP86903488 A EP 86903488A EP 0221988 A1 EP0221988 A1 EP 0221988A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
nozzle
nozzles
rotor according
cover member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19860903488
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ronald James Purvey
Neil Anthony Graham
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AE PLC
Original Assignee
AE PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AE PLC filed Critical AE PLC
Publication of EP0221988A1 publication Critical patent/EP0221988A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/005—Centrifugal separators or filters for fluid circulation systems, e.g. for lubricant oil circulation systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0422—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device

Definitions

  • This invention relates to rotors for centrifugal separators ⁇ particularly centrifugal separators for use as fuel or lubricating oil cleaners for engines and transmission units such as internal combustion engines and gearboxes.
  • the invention extends to separators employinq such rotors.
  • Centrifugal separator rotors of this type are normally rotatably mounted on a vertical shaft through which oil is introduced into the rotor and driven by the reaction force arising when oil under pressure leaves tangentially directed nozzles or jets at the bottom of the rotor.
  • the projection may take the form of an upwardly open, generally hemispherical member with a nozzle opening at one side.
  • the member is for example flanged at its upper end so that the projecting piece can be passed through a hole in the base of the rotor until the flange rests on the periphery of the hole and can be secured in position e.g. by solderin ⁇ , brazing or welding.
  • solderin ⁇ solderin ⁇
  • the projection may be pressed out of the base wall of the rotor and is accordingly integral with the rotor.
  • the nozzle opening may be simply a hole in the projection or it may be provided by a jet member screwed or forced into the hole. Normally there are two or more nozzles in a symmetrical arrangement.
  • a rotor for a centrifugal separator has at least one nozzle provided on its peripheral wall through which liquid leaves the rotor in a direction so as to produce a reaction force which spins the rotor.
  • the nozzle is provided in a projection in the rotor wall, the projection providing an inclined lead-in or trough for liquid approaching the nozzle hole such that a substantial change of direction of the liquid flow adjacent the nozzle opening is avoided.
  • the projection provides an inclined lead-in or trough for liquid approaching the nozzle hole such that a substantial change of direction of the liquid flow adjacent the nozzle opening is avoided.
  • shape has a stream-lining effect which reduces air resistance and it permits a nozzle of accurate size and direction to be made in the projection wall thus, in some cases, avoiding the need for a separate jet member.
  • the nozzle holes are punched in the projections by a piercing operation from the inside of the trough durinq a stage of the forming operation.
  • a rotor for a centrifugal separator has at least one nozzle spaced a first radial distance from the axis of rotation and at least one nozzle spaced a second, greater, radial distance from the axis of rotation, such that liquid leaving the nozzles produces a reaction force which spins the rotor.
  • the liquid pressure at the outer nozzle is higher than the liquid pressure at the inner nozzle due to centrifugal force, the difference in pressure increasing with the speed of rotation of the rotor.
  • the outer nozzle is effective to produce a non-turbulent flow under low speed start-up conditions but becomes less effective due to turbulence at high speeds when the inner nozzle takes over.
  • a rotor for a centrifugal separator has three or more nozzles throuqh which liquid leaves the rotor in a direction so as to produce a reaction force which spins the rotor.
  • Two or more of the various novel aspects of the invention may be combined in a single rotor and generally at least two nozzles are provided.
  • a rotor for a centrifugal oil separator should be able to withstand transient pressures of up to 20 bar during cold start-up conditions.
  • the rotor must, therefore, be able to withstand such pressures without permanent distortion. Any substantial distortion tends to jam the rotor and prevent rotation.
  • the rotor includes a cover member, an inner flow directing and debris-retaining member and a base member which are all produced from thin* sheet metal pressings.
  • the nozzles are formed such that the direction of the issuing oil jet is directed at an angle downwardly away from the rotor to prevent oil splash-back from the housing in which the rotor rotates from reaching and thus slowing the rotor.
  • Fig. 1 is a section through a first embodiment of a rotor for a centrifugal oil cleaner in the form of a disposable cartridge;
  • Fig. 2 is an underneath plan view of the rotor of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 shows a modification of Fig. 2 in which three symmetrically arranged nozzles are provided
  • Fig. 4 shows a modification of Fig. 2 in which four symmetrically arranged nozzles are provided
  • Figs. 5-8 show modifications of Figs. 1-4 respectively showing a different way of providing the nozzles
  • Fig. 9 is a section through a second embodiment of a rotor for a centrifugal oil cleaner in the form of a disposable cartridqe;
  • Fig. 10 shows an underneath plan view of the rotor of Fiq. 9; •
  • Fig. 11 shows a modification of Fig. 10 with three symmetrically arranged nozzles
  • Fig. 12 shows a modification of Fig. 10 with four symmetrically arranged nozzles, in which one pair of nozzles is at one radius and the other pair of nozzles is at another radius;
  • Figs. 13-16 show modifications of Figs. 9-12 respectively showing a different way of providing the nozzles
  • Fig. 17 shows a modification of Fig. 5 in which a pair of nozzles similar to those in Fig. 5 are also provided in the base;
  • Fig. 18 shows a modification of Fig. 13 in which a reinforcinq tube is provided.
  • Fig. 19 shows a centrifugal separator in the form of an oil cleaner with the rotor of Fig. 18 mounted therein.
  • the rotor 10 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a pressed cylindrical * cover member 11 with radial strengthening corrugations 12 in a domed portion at the top.
  • Flanged metal bearing bushes 13, 34 are lodged in aligned openings 16, 17 at the top of the casing 11 and in a base plate 18 permanently secured to the casing 11 at its periphery by a roll ⁇ over joint.
  • a flanged annular dividing wall or baffle 20 is secured to the cover member 11 e.g.
  • nozzles 25 are provided in apertures in the lower region of the periphery of the cover member 11.
  • the nozzle 25 comprise units of flanged hemispherical shape which are secured in the apertures e.g. by soldering, welding or brazing and which have discharge holes 26. Such nozzle units are well known in the art.
  • nozzles 25 direct the oil horizontally and slightly outwardly from the tangential direction, but as mentioned above it may be desirable to direct the oil more downwardly.
  • Fig. 3 shows an arrangement with three nozzles 25 and Fiq. 4 shows an arrangement with four nozzles 25; in each case the nozzles are symmetrically arranged.
  • Figs. 5-8 show a modification of Figs. 1-4 in which the nozzles 25 each comprise a projection pressed out of the cover member 1] and providing a smoothly contoured circumferential trough of deepeninq section starting with minimum depth at the beginning of the trough remote from the nozzle hole 26 and finishing with maximum depth adjacent the nozzle hole 26.
  • Figs. 9 and 10 The arrangement shown in Figs. 9 and 10 is similar to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2 except that there are four symmetrically arranged nozzles 25 which are provided in the base plate 18 rather than in the cover member 11. Increasing the number of nozzles in this way increases the turning torque and the rate of oil flow through the separator. In Fiq. 11 there are only three nozzles 25.
  • nozzles 28 there are a pair of diametrically opposed inner nozzles 28 and a pair of diametrically opposed outer nozzles 29.
  • the outer nozzles provide a good starting torque but as the speed builds up the flow through them may become turbulent due to the increasing pressure arising from centrifugal force so that the inner nozzles effectively take over the driving function.
  • further nozzles may be provided in the base plate 18 in Figs. 1-8 so that the peripheral wall nozzles act as start-up nozzles in the manner of Fig. 12; one such arrangement is shown in Fig. 17.
  • Figs. 13-16 show a modification of Figs. 9-12 in which the nozzles 25 each comprise a projection pressed out of the base plate 18 in the manner of Figs. 5-8.
  • the projections which form the nozzles may conveniently be as described in European Patent Application No. 86101359.7 and US Patent Application No. 833592 of Ronald James Purvey. As described in these earlier applications the nozzle holes 26 are formed by drilling from the inside so that any burrs are on the outside. As explained in the earlier applications, the projections which form the troughs reduce air resistance to rotation and the troughs reduce turbulence in the oil flow.
  • Fig. 17 shows an arrangement in which " there are a first pair of. nozzles 25 in the cover member 11 and a second pair of nozzles 25 in the base plate 18.
  • the four nozzles act in the same way as the nozzles 28, 29 of Fig. 16 and are preferably disposed symmetrically as in Fiq. 36.
  • Figs. 18 and 19 show both how the rotors of Figs. 1-16 may be modified by the incorporation of a reinforcing tube which acts as a tension member and how they may be mounted in a centrifuqal oil cleaner.
  • a tubular tension member 40 is disposed between the cover member 11 and the base plate 18.
  • the tubular tension member 40 is a press-fit in the two flanged holes 16 and 17 in the cover member 11 and base plate 18 respectively. In the upper portion of the member 40 are oil entry holes 43.
  • the bearings 13 and 14 are press-fitted directly into the tubular member 40 which is coaxial with the rotor axis 33.
  • An annular opening 44 is defined by the member 20 and the tension member 40.
  • the tubular member 40 serves to both resist tensile stresses result ⁇ nq from h ⁇ qh oil pressures which tends to expand the cartridge both radially and ax ⁇ ally. Furthermore the tubular member also provides a repeatable datum in which to insert the bearings 13 and 14 and to maintain axial alignment even at high oil pressures.
  • Fig. 19 shows the rotor of Fig. 18 in a centrifugal separator housing.
  • the housing comprises a body member 50. At the body 50 upper end there is a rebated lip 51 to receive and locate a rubber sealing rinq 52. At the body 50 lower end there is a tapered portion 53.
  • a cruciform sheet metal structure 54 (in plan view the frustoconical part has four large arcuate openings) is spot-welded to the body 50 and supports a vertical shaft 55 by a bolt 56.
  • a bush 65 Located between shaft 55 and bolt 56 is a bush 65, the upper face 66 of which provides a thrust surface.
  • the shaft 55 has at its upper end a male threaded portion
  • oil under a pressure of about 5 bar flows through the passage 63, into the conduit 60 and out of the cross drilling 61.
  • the annulus 62 fills with oil and then flows throuqh the oil entry holes 43 into the chamber 21 of the cartridge formed between the base 18, the cover member 11 and the tubular member 40.
  • oil is ejected under pressure from the nozzles 25 thus causing the rotor to rotate by a reaction force, the rotor being supported on the shaft 55 by the bearings 13 and 14.
  • the top face of the bush 65 provides a thrust face for the bearing 14.
  • the ejected oii flows down the inner walls of the body 50 through the restriction 53 where it drains away to an oil sump or tank (not shown).
  • the direction of rotation of the rotor is preferably such that the oil drag produced on the body 50 tends to tighten the body on the co ⁇ operating screw threads 57 and 58.
  • nozzles shown in Figs. 1-8 are in the lower part of the cover member, it is of course possible to locate the joint joining the cover member and the base member higher up the rotor so that the nozzles are in an upstanding wall of the base member (or even in an intermediate cylindrical member interconnecting a cover and a base).

Landscapes

  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

Rotor (10) pour séparateur centrifuge comprenant des éléments de support (13, 14) destinés à monter le rotor pour sa rotation autour d'un axe essentiellement vertical, de telle sorte que le fluide devant être traité peut être introduit à travers les éléments de support (13, 14) dans l'intérieur du rotor (10). La périphérie du rotor est pourvue d'au moins un ajutage (25) placé dans les environs de l'extrémité inférieure dudit rotor, de telle sorte que la force de réaction produite par le fluide déchargé par l'ajutage (25) serve à faire tourner le rotor (10) autour de l'axe essentiellement vertical. Le placement de l'ajutage (25) sur la périphérie (11) du rotor permet notamment d'obtenir un couple plus élevé, puisque l'ajutage se trouve à une distance maximale de l'axe de rotation. Selon d'autres modes de réalisation de la présente invention, le rotor peut comporter au moins trois ajutages (situés soit à la base soit sur la périphérie) ainsi que des ajutages placés à des distances différentes de l'axe de rotation, les ajutages extérieurs fournissant un couple plus élevé notamment lors du démarrage.
EP19860903488 1985-05-31 1986-05-30 Rotors pour separateurs centrifuges Withdrawn EP0221988A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8513715 1985-05-31
GB858513715A GB8513715D0 (en) 1985-05-31 1985-05-31 Rotors

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0221988A1 true EP0221988A1 (fr) 1987-05-20

Family

ID=10579946

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860903488 Withdrawn EP0221988A1 (fr) 1985-05-31 1986-05-30 Rotors pour separateurs centrifuges

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0221988A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB8513715D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1986006984A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2283694B (en) * 1993-11-09 1998-04-22 Glacier Metal Co Ltd Oil cleaning assemblies for engines
DE19715661A1 (de) * 1997-04-16 1998-10-22 Mann & Hummel Filter Zentrifugenrotor
DE60215620T2 (de) 2001-01-13 2007-08-30 Mann + Hummel Gmbh Zentrifugaltrennungsvorrichtung
US7189197B2 (en) * 2003-08-11 2007-03-13 Fleetguard, Inc. Centrifuge with a split shaft construction

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB710510A (en) * 1951-09-17 1954-06-16 Glacier Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to centrifugal separators
GB732132A (en) * 1952-08-01 1955-06-22 Glacier Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to centrifugal separators
US4106689A (en) * 1977-04-06 1978-08-15 The Weatherhead Company Disposable centrifugal separator
GB2120134B (en) * 1982-04-16 1985-09-11 Ae Plc Centrifugal separator

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8606984A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8513715D0 (en) 1985-07-03
WO1986006984A1 (fr) 1986-12-04

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Legal Events

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18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19880419

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Inventor name: PURVEY, RONALD, JAMES

Inventor name: GRAHAM, NEIL, ANTHONY