EP0220964A2 - Cubic boron nitride abrasive bodies - Google Patents
Cubic boron nitride abrasive bodies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0220964A2 EP0220964A2 EP86308445A EP86308445A EP0220964A2 EP 0220964 A2 EP0220964 A2 EP 0220964A2 EP 86308445 A EP86308445 A EP 86308445A EP 86308445 A EP86308445 A EP 86308445A EP 0220964 A2 EP0220964 A2 EP 0220964A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compact
- boron nitride
- cubic boron
- tool insert
- particle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
- B24D3/16—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings for close-grained structure, i.e. of high density
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/007—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent between different parts of an abrasive tool
Definitions
- This invention relates to cubic boron nitride abrasive bodies.
- Cubic boron nitride abrasive compacts are known in the art and consist of a polycrystalline mass of cubic boron nitride particles present in an amount of at least 70 percent by volume bonded into a hard conglomerate. Such compacts may contain a second phase. When provided, the second phase is typically a ceramic phase. The second phase acts to some extent as a binder phase for the cubic boron nitride particles.
- One of the most successful cubic boron nitride abrasive compacts presently on the market is one wherein the second phase consists essentially of aluminium nitride and/or aluminium diboride.
- This compact is sold in the form of large discs which are clamped into a suitable tool holder and used in this manner for abrading various work pieces. A curved edge of the compact is used as the abrading edge.
- This compact is designed for applications where a high removal rate of workpiece is desired.
- a tool insert comprising an abrasive compact comprising a polycrystalline mass of cubic boron nitride particles present in an amount of at least 70 percent by volume and containing substantial direct particle-to-particle bonding and a second phase dispersed through the cubic boron nitride particle mass, the abrasive compact presenting major surfaces on each of opposite sides thereof, the one major surface providing a cutting point for the insert and the other major surface having bonded thereto a layer of molybdenum of thickness less than 0,5mm, the largest linear dimension of the compact being no more than 10mm.
- the tool insert of the invention is thus a small cubic boron nitride compact which has a molybdenum layer bonded to one major flat surface thereof. Because of its size, it is not practical to hold the insert mechanically in a suitable tool holder. However, the presence of the molybdenum layer renders the compact brazeable to a tool holder. It is preferable that the compact is first brazed to a cemented carbide support which is then brazed to the tool holder or mechanically held in a tool holder. Cemented carbide has a similar coefficient of thermal expansion to the compact and problems arising due to differences in thermal expansion of the compact and support are minimised.
- the abrasive compact of the insert preferably has a rectangular, triangular, pentagonal or hexagonal shape.
- the compact presents several points and it is these points which provide cutting points for the insert.
- the molybdenum layer is the thin layer, preferably having a thickness in the range 50 to 150 microns.
- the layer of molybdenum may have an outer nickel or like metal layer applied to it.
- the cubic boron nitride compact may be any known in the art but is preferably one wherein the second phase contains aluminium nitride and/or aluminium diboride. Second phases of this nature are produced when aluminium is present during manufacture of the compact.
- One particularly preferred cubic boron nitride of this nature has a second phase which consists essentially of aluminium nitride and/or aluminium diboride.
- the second phase may also contain other components such as silicon which is either in elemental or combined form.
- the tool inserts of the invention may be used for a wide variety of applications. They have particular application for light to medium turning, boring, grooving, threading and milling of various steels, irons and alloys such as:
- cubic boron nitride abrasive compact will be brazed to a cemented carbide support, preferably a cemented tungsten carbide support through the readily brazeable molybdenum layer and using a braze such as a silver brazing alloy having a melting point between 660°C and 840°C.
- a braze such as a silver brazing alloy having a melting point between 660°C and 840°C.
- the tool insert is particularly useful for light to medium cut applications. This means that the infeed of the tool insert during turning, boring, grooving or milling will not exceed 0.3mm per revolution or pass of the insert across the workpiece.
- a mass of cubic boron nitride particles was placed in contact with an aluminium foil which itself was placed in contact with a foil of molybdenum.
- This unbonded assembly was placed in the reaction zone of a conventional high temperature/high pressure apparatus and subjected to a temperature of about 1500 0 C and a pressure of about 55 kilobars for a period of 15 minutes.
- Recovered from the reaction zone using conventional techniques was an abrasive compact containing about 90 percent by volume of cubic boron nitride particles in which there was substantial direct particle-to-particle bonding and a second phase consisting essentially of aluminium nitride and/or aluminium diboride.
- the compact was produced in the form of a disc and had bonded to a major flat surface thereof a layer of molybdenum of thickness about 100 microns. This compact was cut into a plurality of equilateral triangles, some having a side dimension of 5mm and others having a side dimension of 7mm. Each triangle constituted a tool insert of the invention.
- the triangular-shaped inserts produced in this manner were found to be excellent for the boring of pearlitic grey cast iron, for the facing of Stellite 6 hard facing alloy and the threading of Ni-HARD white cast iron.
- the particular conditions used in each example are given below.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
A tool insert comprises an abrasive compact comprising a polycrystalline mass of cubic boron nitride particles present in an amount of at least 70 percent by volume and containing substantial direct particle-to-particle bonding and a second phase dispersed through the cubic boron nitride particle mass. The abrasive compact presents major surfaces on each of opposite sides thereof. The one major surface provides a cutting point for the insert and the other major surface has bonded thereto a layer of molybdenum of thickness less than 0,5 mm. The largest linear dimension of the compact is no more than 10 mm. The tool insert is designed for applications where a high removal rate of work piece is desired.
Description
- This invention relates to cubic boron nitride abrasive bodies.
- Cubic boron nitride abrasive compacts are known in the art and consist of a polycrystalline mass of cubic boron nitride particles present in an amount of at least 70 percent by volume bonded into a hard conglomerate. Such compacts may contain a second phase. When provided, the second phase is typically a ceramic phase. The second phase acts to some extent as a binder phase for the cubic boron nitride particles.
- One of the most successful cubic boron nitride abrasive compacts presently on the market is one wherein the second phase consists essentially of aluminium nitride and/or aluminium diboride. This compact is sold in the form of large discs which are clamped into a suitable tool holder and used in this manner for abrading various work pieces. A curved edge of the compact is used as the abrading edge. This compact is designed for applications where a high removal rate of workpiece is desired.
- According to the present invention, there is provided a tool insert comprising an abrasive compact comprising a polycrystalline mass of cubic boron nitride particles present in an amount of at least 70 percent by volume and containing substantial direct particle-to-particle bonding and a second phase dispersed through the cubic boron nitride particle mass, the abrasive compact presenting major surfaces on each of opposite sides thereof, the one major surface providing a cutting point for the insert and the other major surface having bonded thereto a layer of molybdenum of thickness less than 0,5mm, the largest linear dimension of the compact being no more than 10mm.
- The tool insert of the invention is thus a small cubic boron nitride compact which has a molybdenum layer bonded to one major flat surface thereof. Because of its size, it is not practical to hold the insert mechanically in a suitable tool holder. However, the presence of the molybdenum layer renders the compact brazeable to a tool holder. It is preferable that the compact is first brazed to a cemented carbide support which is then brazed to the tool holder or mechanically held in a tool holder. Cemented carbide has a similar coefficient of thermal expansion to the compact and problems arising due to differences in thermal expansion of the compact and support are minimised.
- The abrasive compact of the insert preferably has a rectangular, triangular, pentagonal or hexagonal shape. Thus, the compact presents several points and it is these points which provide cutting points for the insert.
- The molybdenum layer is the thin layer, preferably having a thickness in the range 50 to 150 microns. The layer of molybdenum may have an outer nickel or like metal layer applied to it.
- The cubic boron nitride compact may be any known in the art but is preferably one wherein the second phase contains aluminium nitride and/or aluminium diboride. Second phases of this nature are produced when aluminium is present during manufacture of the compact. One particularly preferred cubic boron nitride of this nature has a second phase which consists essentially of aluminium nitride and/or aluminium diboride. The second phase may also contain other components such as silicon which is either in elemental or combined form.
- The tool inserts of the invention may be used for a wide variety of applications. They have particular application for light to medium turning, boring, grooving, threading and milling of various steels, irons and alloys such as:
- Ni-HARD white irons having a hardness of 55 to 58 HRC
- High chromium irons having a hardness of 55 to 62 HRC
- Cold work tool steels having a hardness of 60 HRC
- High speed steels having a hardness of 62 HRC
- Grey cast irons (pearlitic) having a hardness of 220 HB
- Sintered irons having a hardness of 100 HB
- Cobalt-based hard facing alloys
- Nickel-based hard facing alloys
- Meehanite white irons having a hardness of 55 HRC
- In all these applications the cubic boron nitride abrasive compact will be brazed to a cemented carbide support, preferably a cemented tungsten carbide support through the readily brazeable molybdenum layer and using a braze such as a silver brazing alloy having a melting point between 660°C and 840°C. The thus bonded cubic boron nitride abrasive compact will then be held mechanically or brazed to the shank of a tool and used in this form for the various abrading applications mentioned above.
- As mentioned above, the tool insert is particularly useful for light to medium cut applications. This means that the infeed of the tool insert during turning, boring, grooving or milling will not exceed 0.3mm per revolution or pass of the insert across the workpiece.
- In an example of the invention, a mass of cubic boron nitride particles was placed in contact with an aluminium foil which itself was placed in contact with a foil of molybdenum. This unbonded assembly was placed in the reaction zone of a conventional high temperature/high pressure apparatus and subjected to a temperature of about 15000C and a pressure of about 55 kilobars for a period of 15 minutes. Recovered from the reaction zone using conventional techniques was an abrasive compact containing about 90 percent by volume of cubic boron nitride particles in which there was substantial direct particle-to-particle bonding and a second phase consisting essentially of aluminium nitride and/or aluminium diboride. The compact was produced in the form of a disc and had bonded to a major flat surface thereof a layer of molybdenum of thickness about 100 microns. This compact was cut into a plurality of equilateral triangles, some having a side dimension of 5mm and others having a side dimension of 7mm. Each triangle constituted a tool insert of the invention.
- The triangular-shaped inserts produced in this manner were found to be excellent for the boring of pearlitic grey cast iron, for the facing of Stellite 6 hard facing alloy and the threading of Ni-HARD white cast iron. The particular conditions used in each example are given below.
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Claims (5)
1. A tool insert comprising an abrasive compact comprising a polycrystalline mass of cubic boron nitride particles present in an amount of at least 70 percent by volume and containing substantial direct particle-to-particle bonding and a second phase dispersed through the cubic boron nitride particle mass, the abrasive compact presenting major surfaces on each of opposite sides thereof, the one major surface providing a cutting point for the insert and the other major surface having bonded thereto a layer of molybdenum of thickness less than 0,5mm, the largest linear dimension of the compact being no more than 10mm.
2. A tool insert according to claim 1 wherein the second phase contains aluminium nitride and/or aluminium diboride.
3. A tool insert according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the second phase contains silicon in elemental or combined form.
4. A tool insert according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the thickness of the molybdenum layer is in the range of 50 to 150 microns.
5. A tool insert according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the compact has a triangular, rectangular, pentagonal or hexagonal shape .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT86308445T ATE67437T1 (en) | 1985-10-30 | 1986-10-29 | CUBIC BORON NITRIDE GRINDING BODY. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA858339 | 1985-10-30 | ||
| ZA858339 | 1985-10-30 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0220964A2 true EP0220964A2 (en) | 1987-05-06 |
| EP0220964A3 EP0220964A3 (en) | 1987-12-02 |
| EP0220964B1 EP0220964B1 (en) | 1991-09-18 |
Family
ID=25578135
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP86308445A Expired - Lifetime EP0220964B1 (en) | 1985-10-30 | 1986-10-29 | Cubic boron nitride abrasive bodies |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0220964B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS62107007A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE67437T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3681553D1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA867605B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0306353A2 (en) * | 1987-09-01 | 1989-03-08 | The Ishizuka Research Institute, Ltd. | Diamond composite and method for producing the same |
| FR2620362A1 (en) * | 1987-09-11 | 1989-03-17 | Combustible Nucleaire | THERMOSTABLE NON-POROUS ABRASIVE GRAIN FOR CUTTING WORK AND CUTTING ELEMENTS COMPRISING SAID GRAIN |
| EP0716159A1 (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-06-12 | General Electric Company | Brazable articles |
| US8308830B2 (en) | 2007-05-22 | 2012-11-13 | David Patrick Egan | Coated cBN |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3743489A (en) * | 1971-07-01 | 1973-07-03 | Gen Electric | Abrasive bodies of finely-divided cubic boron nitride crystals |
| US3944398A (en) * | 1974-04-30 | 1976-03-16 | Frank Rutherford Bell | Method of forming an abrasive compact of cubic boron nitride |
| FR2285213A1 (en) * | 1974-09-18 | 1976-04-16 | De Beers Ind Diamond | ABRASIVE BODY, ESPECIALLY FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF WHEELS |
| US4401443A (en) * | 1981-10-26 | 1983-08-30 | General Electric Company | Polycrystalline silicon-bonded cubic boron nitride body and method |
| EP0101259A1 (en) * | 1982-08-05 | 1984-02-22 | De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited | Abrasive bodies |
| JPS60263602A (en) * | 1984-06-11 | 1985-12-27 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Composite sintered tool |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5844635B2 (en) * | 1974-08-02 | 1983-10-04 | インスチテユ−ト プロブレム マテリアロヴエデニア アカデミイ ナウク ウクラインスコイ エエスア−ル | Method of brazing metal and ultra-hard artificial material and brazing agent therefor |
| IL59519A (en) * | 1979-03-19 | 1982-01-31 | De Beers Ind Diamond | Abrasive compacts |
-
1986
- 1986-10-06 ZA ZA867605A patent/ZA867605B/en unknown
- 1986-10-29 EP EP86308445A patent/EP0220964B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-29 DE DE8686308445T patent/DE3681553D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-29 AT AT86308445T patent/ATE67437T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-10-30 JP JP61257113A patent/JPS62107007A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3743489A (en) * | 1971-07-01 | 1973-07-03 | Gen Electric | Abrasive bodies of finely-divided cubic boron nitride crystals |
| US3944398A (en) * | 1974-04-30 | 1976-03-16 | Frank Rutherford Bell | Method of forming an abrasive compact of cubic boron nitride |
| FR2285213A1 (en) * | 1974-09-18 | 1976-04-16 | De Beers Ind Diamond | ABRASIVE BODY, ESPECIALLY FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF WHEELS |
| US4401443A (en) * | 1981-10-26 | 1983-08-30 | General Electric Company | Polycrystalline silicon-bonded cubic boron nitride body and method |
| EP0101259A1 (en) * | 1982-08-05 | 1984-02-22 | De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited | Abrasive bodies |
| JPS60263602A (en) * | 1984-06-11 | 1985-12-27 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Composite sintered tool |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 104, no. 20, 19th May 1986, page 269, abstract no. 172825e, Columbus, Ohio, US; & JP-A-60 263 602 (SUMITOMO ELECTRIC INDUSTRIES, LTD) 27-12-85 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0306353A2 (en) * | 1987-09-01 | 1989-03-08 | The Ishizuka Research Institute, Ltd. | Diamond composite and method for producing the same |
| EP0306353A3 (en) * | 1987-09-01 | 1989-12-06 | The Ishizuka Research Institute, Ltd. | Diamond composite and method for producing the same |
| FR2620362A1 (en) * | 1987-09-11 | 1989-03-17 | Combustible Nucleaire | THERMOSTABLE NON-POROUS ABRASIVE GRAIN FOR CUTTING WORK AND CUTTING ELEMENTS COMPRISING SAID GRAIN |
| EP0308353A1 (en) * | 1987-09-11 | 1989-03-22 | Societe Industrielle De Combustible Nucleaire | Thermally stable non-porous abrasive grains for cutting applications, and cutting elements containing these grains |
| EP0716159A1 (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-06-12 | General Electric Company | Brazable articles |
| US5626909A (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1997-05-06 | General Electric Company | Fabrication of brazable in air tool inserts |
| US8308830B2 (en) | 2007-05-22 | 2012-11-13 | David Patrick Egan | Coated cBN |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA867605B (en) | 1987-06-24 |
| EP0220964B1 (en) | 1991-09-18 |
| DE3681553D1 (en) | 1991-10-24 |
| ATE67437T1 (en) | 1991-10-15 |
| EP0220964A3 (en) | 1987-12-02 |
| JPS62107007A (en) | 1987-05-18 |
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