EP0219690A1 - Variable-camber air foil-shaped sail - Google Patents

Abstract

The propulsion for the sail is achieved alternatively to one or the other side owing to the fact that both the nose (2) and the fin (1) can be moved to both sides and can be locked in various positions. A double-fabric sail (4) is stretched over the wing framework, consisting of a profiled mast body with attached nose and fin. The double-fabric sail (4), in combination with the inner profiled body (1), produces an optimum propulsion profile in one or the other direction by folding of the nose (2) and fin. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a sail for boats and ships, consisting of a profiled mast body, a curtain movable and lockable nose and a fin attached at the back and a double cloth sail stretched over it, which results in propulsion in one direction or the other when the nose and fin are in the appropriate position .

Profile sails or rigid sails are known, but attempts to date have been unsuccessful because it has not been possible to use or modify an optimal aircraft wing in such a way that when propelled upright on a boat or ship, optimal propulsion is achieved to one side or the other, In aircraft, this propulsion or buoyancy is only ever needed on one side, upwards.

Another disadvantage of known profile sails is that the profile cannot be changed or can only be changed insignificantly and locked in different positions.

The invention has for its object to provide a sail, the optimal aircraft wing profile can be changed in one direction or the other in its effect. That with this changeable profile, the propulsion is optimized, the height that can be sailed in the wind is improved, the air resistance is reduced and thus the heel is reduced and with which the speed of the boat is regulated, back and forth, which makes the mooring maneuvers easier.

It is supposed to be inexpensively manufactured as a series element, put together to form different height masts and can therefore be used on a wide variety of boats and ships without having to change the hull, keel and rudder significantly.

This object has been achieved according to the invention in that a movable nose (2) and a movable fin (3) are attached to a profile mast body (1) at the front and can be locked in different positions. A double canvas sail (4) is stretched over this construction, which, when stretched, forms an almost ideal aircraft wing profile with the nose and fin folded to one side.

After relaxing the canvas and releasing the locks on the nose and fin, they can be swung around and locked again. By stretching the cloth, the mirror-image profile is created with the propulsion in the opposite direction. By locking in intermediate positions, other profiles can be set with less propulsion.

In the preferred embodiment, the sail element consists of aluminum tubes and sheet metal, but the profile mast body can also consist of other material, in particular of fabric-reinforced plastic. The canvas is preferably made of tear-resistant plastic fabric. The size of the elements is preferably about 2.7o m high for the base element of three fabric panels, and about 1.8o m high for the screw-on and extension element of two fabric panels. The width 1, lo m. Correspondingly larger for ships.

The profile sail element is provided at the top and bottom with a head and foot plate (5), which make it possible for several elements to be screwed together to form a larger sail mast or to be joined together in some other way. The head and foot plates are provided with cutouts in which the locking rods (15) of the nose (6) and fin (7) can engage and hold them in different positions.

The curved long sides of the profile mast body (1) ent speaking the optimum profile of a Flugzeugfl ⁱ hedgehog in the upper, middle region. The nose of the wing nose. The hollow body is preferably foamed. Nose and fin are attached to the profile mast body with hinges (16).

The fin consists of a smaller and a larger tubular frame, which are connected by hinges. The smaller frame (8) is used to relax and tension the double canvas sail. After loosening a locking rod (9), the lever (lo) is turned to the left or right and the canvas sail is thereby relaxed. As a result, the rear larger tubular frame (11) is released from the lock and can be pivoted into the desired position.

An embodiment of the invention, from which further inventive features result, is shown in the drawing.

• Fig. 1) eine Seitenansicht des Profilsegels mit Mastfuß in einem Drehlager.
• Fig. 2) Im Querschnitt das Profilsegel in der optimalen Form für Vortrieb bei leichtem Wind mit minimalem Luftwiderstand.
• Fig. 3) Wie vor das Segel mit entspanntem Tuch zum Profilwechsel.
• Fig. 4) Wie Fig.l), jedoch mit dem Vortrieb in die andere Richtung, wobei hier durch zusätzliche Zugseile (12) und Segellatten (13) die sonst gerade Seite des Profils in ein annähernd konvexes Profil verändert und damit der Vortrieb zusätzlich vergrößert wird.
• Fig. 5) Zeigt eine Auswahl-möglicher Profile, vom Profil mit starken Vortrieb (a) bis zum Profil mit keinem Vortrieb, bei gerader Anströhmung von vorne.
• Fig. 6) Zeigt die Anwendung verstellbarer Profilsegelelemente auf einer Ketsch.
• Fig. 7) Zeigt die Anwendung auf einer Slup.
• Fig. 8) Zeigt die Anwendung auf einem Katamaran, Trimaran oder auf einer Proa.
• Fig. 9) Zeigt die Anwendung auf einem Fischkutter.

Show it:

• Fig. 1) a side view of the profile sail with mast base in a pivot bearing.
• Fig. 2) In cross section the profile sail in the optimal shape for propulsion in light wind with minimal air resistance.
• Fig. 3) As before the sail with a relaxed cloth to change the profile.
• Fig. 4) As Fig.l), but with the propulsion in the other direction, whereby here the additional straight ropes (12) and battens (13) changed the otherwise straight side of the profile in an approximately convex profile and thus the propulsion is additionally increased becomes.
• Fig. 5) Shows a selection of possible profiles, from the profile with strong propulsion (a) to the profile with no propulsion, with straight inflow from the front.
• Fig. 6) Shows the use of adjustable profile sail elements on a ketch.
• Fig. 7) shows the application on a slup.
• Fig. 8) Shows the application on a catamaran, trimaran or on a pro.
• Fig. 9) shows the application on a fishing trawler.

Claims (6)

1. that a movable and lockable nose and a similar fin in the form of a tubular frame is attached to the front of a profile mast body, that a double canvas sail is stretched over the nose, profile mast body and fin, that with the nose and fin folded towards one side the tensioned cloth is almost an ideal aircraft wing profile results. 2. Adjustable profile sail according to claim 1, characterized in that after flipping over the nose and fin to the other side, a mirror-image aircraft wing profile is formed. 3. Adjustable profile sail according to 1 and 2, characterized in that the fin consists of two tubular frames of different sizes. 4. Adjustable profile sail according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the double canvas sail is relaxed and tensioned again by pivoting the smaller tubular frame. 5. Adjustable profile sail according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile mast body is provided at the top and bottom by a head and foot plate with locking openings into which the locking rods of the nose and fin can engage and thus in connection with loosening and tensioning the Cloth sail different profiles can be set. 6. Adjustable profile sail according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of profile sail elements, each screwed together on the head and foot plates, result in different height adjustable profile sails

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