EP0214212A1 - Procede et dispositif pour la mise en suspension de poudres ultra-fines. - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif pour la mise en suspension de poudres ultra-fines.Info
- Publication number
- EP0214212A1 EP0214212A1 EP86901422A EP86901422A EP0214212A1 EP 0214212 A1 EP0214212 A1 EP 0214212A1 EP 86901422 A EP86901422 A EP 86901422A EP 86901422 A EP86901422 A EP 86901422A EP 0214212 A1 EP0214212 A1 EP 0214212A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- piston
- gas
- opposing surface
- mass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
- B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material
- B05B7/1413—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising a container fixed to the discharge device
- B05B7/1422—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising a container fixed to the discharge device the means for supplying particulate material comprising moving mechanical means, e.g. to impart vibration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
- F41H9/06—Apparatus for generating artificial fog or smoke screens
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process and a device for suspending ultra-fine powders in gas, that is to say particles whose size is less than one micrometer, in particular for the purpose of dispersing these powders in the atmosphere.
- Patent US-A-3,854.63, in the name of Robert J. HAEI describes a device for suspending a powder, and which comprises a container, in which the powder is placed, and a plate which can slide in the container and rest on the free surface of the powder.
- a gas under pressure is blown through the plate, which lifts it above the powder.
- the gas escapes laterally along the upper surface of the powder and entraining part of it.
- the plate descends as a result of the departure of the powder, since the interval between the free surface of the powder and the underside of the plate remains constant.
- the powder extraction rate can be controlled by sending part of the gas from the telescopic tube directly to the upper side of the plate, the pressure difference between the two faces of the plate is thus reduced, which reduces the interval between the plate and the powder.
- This simple device has a drawback which results from the fact that the main force which makes the plate move is the weight of the latter.
- the orientation of the device must be such that the plate descends substantially vertically.
- the device must be protected from strong tremors and accelerations, which obviously would disturb its operation: an acceleration upwards will cause a displacement of the plate in the same direction, and a stop of the suspension of the powder. ; similarly, a significant acceleration downwards can make the device function as a compactor.
- the apparatus of this patent cannot operate on board a land or air vehicle.
- the object of the invention is to provide a process for suspending ultra-fine powders which can be used independently of normal conditions of orientation, vibrations and external accelerations.
- the object of the invention is also to provide a device allowing the implementation of the method, and which is simple, light and inexpensive.
- the invention provides a method for suspending ultra-fine powders in a gas, according to which a mass of powder to be dispersed is enclosed in a cylindrical or prismatic reservoir, said gas is passed under pressure along a path comprising an inlet passage, an outlet passage and an intermediate space in which the gas moves from the inlet passage to the outlet passage along the free surface of the powder to erode it and entrain said powder, this intermediate space having a substantially constant shape and dimensions thanks to the fact that an opposing surface roughly parallel to the free surface of the powder moves relative to the mass so as to maintain an approximately constant distance from the free surface while the powder is gradually drawn towards the outlet passage, thanks to the action of a piston which moves in the reservoir under the action of an external force this process having the particularity that a permanent gas pressure is applied to said movable piston capable of moving said piston to create said relative displacement of the opposing surface with respect to the mass of powder.
- a reservoir is used, in which the opposing surface is fixed, the powder to be dispersed is placed against one face of the piston, the free surface of the powder being opposite the piston and screw. with respect to said antagonist surface and a pressure is exerted on the face of the piston which is opposite to the powder, which differs from that which is applied to the free surface by the amount necessary to effect said displacement of the powder with respect to on the antagonistic surface.
- This embodiment corresponds to a device which has only one movable part, namely the piston.
- the result is not absolutely constant during the consumption of a powder charge, because the friction of the latter on the wall varies somewhat over time.
- a second embodiment in which a reservoir is used which has a closed fixed bottom, the powder to be dispersed is placed between said fixed bottom and the piston, the side of which faces towards the powder constitutes the opposing surface, and a gas is passed successively along the face of the piston opposite to the powder, then, through a passage having a pressure drop, along the face of the piston facing the powder.
- the container and the piston can be of any cross-section, but a circular shape is preferable. In this case, whatever the mode of implementation used, it is advantageous to give the piston a rotational movement on its axis. There is thus obtained a greater regularity in the shape of the intermediate space, and also a reduction in friction of the piston, and possibly of the mass of powder, against the wall of the container.
- FIG. 1 represents a sectional view schematic longitudinal view of the suspension device according to the present invention in a first embodiment
- Figure 2 is similar to Figure 1, but shows another embodiment of the device in question
- FIG. 3 represents, also in schematic longitudinal section, the part which borders the piston of the dispersing device according to the invention in a third embodiment;
- Figure 4 is similar to Figure 2 but shows a variant of the device.
- the suspension device according to a first form of. embodiment, comprises a cylindrical body 1 closed at one end by a cover 21 provided with a first intake manifold 2 which is connected to a source of compressed air 22, as well as a second intake manifold 3 which is connected to a second source of compressed air 23.
- a single source of compressed air 22 or 23 can be provided, connected to the two pipes 2 and 3 by a pipe 24, shown in dashes.
- a piston 4 is slidably mounted inside the cylinder 1 on the side of the axial tube 2. It presents the forum. e of a cylindrical cup open towards this tube, while O-ring seals 5 and 6 are interposed between the side wall of the cylinder 4 and the interior face of the cylinder 1.
- an axial nozzle 7 which is intended for the evacuation of the dispersed product and which passes through the flat front wall of the cylinder 1. Inside the latter, the nozzle 7 is extends outward into a disc 8 which is perpendicular and whose periphery is located a short distance from the internal face of the cylinder 1.
- the compacted pulverulent product 9 to be dispersed being housed between the piston 4 and the disc 8, the compressed air which enters through the tube 3 in the cylinder 1 flows between the internal face of the cylindrical wall of the latter and the periphery of the disk 8 and, along the path indicated by the arrows F, it comes to lick and erode the free surface of the compacted powder bread 9.
- This air thus charged with extremely fine powder particles passes through the nozzle 7 and disperses in the atmosphere.
- the compressed air introduced into the cylinder 1 through the tubing 2 pushes the piston 4 into the . direction of arrow F ', which moves the compacted powder roll, as the powder to be dispersed is discharged, towards the outlet nozzle 7.
- FIG. 2 the bodies similar to those of FIG. 1 or playing the same role have been represented by the same reference numbers.
- the bottom of the piston 4 has in its center a bore 10 which is connected to a flexible pipe 11 opening into the open air by an axial bore 12 in the bottom of the cylinder 1 which also includes the intake manifold 3.
- the piston 4 provided, there too, with seals 5 and 6 interposed between its side wall and the internal face of the cylinder 1, comprises a plurality of holes 13 which are regularly distributed around the periphery of its flat bottom and which are oriented towards the wall of the cylinder 1 by making with the generators of this last an angle close to 45 degrees.
- the compressed air entering the cylinder 1 P by the intake manifold 3 exerts on the piston 4 a thrust which, despite the loss of pressure caused by the holes 13, is sufficient to push it towards the compacted powdered product loaf 9 enclosed between the space front A of the piston and the bottom of the cylinder 1 opposite the tubing 3.
- the compressed air which passes through the bores 13 comes to lick and erode the surface of the compacted product roll 9 from which it entrains the particles - according to arrows F "to the flexible pipe 11 and from there to the outside air where it is dispersed.
- the flexible hose 11 has been replaced by a telescopic tube formed by a first element 25 integral with the piston 4, and which can flow into a second element 26 provided with an ejection orifice 27.
- a geared motor unit 28 rotates on its axis the tube element 25, and consequently the piston 4.
- the latter has only one bore 13, which, due to the rotation of the piston, provides a erosion of the powder mass at least as regular as the plurality of holes in Figure 2, while reducing the air flow required to suspend the powder.
- the face of the piston 4 which faces the product has a convex shape, more precisely frustoconical with an apex angle of about 150 °. It has been found that the convex shapes, and in particular the shape described, give the most regular results.
- the use of a telescopic tube allows continuous rotation of the piston.
- An alternating rotation can also be envisaged, for example if the tube element 25 is connected to a flexible pipe.
- the operating mode of the devices which have just been described is obvious and will not be discussed in more detail. Note, however, that several methods of recharging the tank 1 can be envisaged.
- the device can consume the product 9 in the form of bread of powdered products previously compacted and introduced by dismantling the cover 21 of the storage tank 1, this recharging can be carried out by a single operator in a few seconds.
- the speed of erosion of the powder 9 by the entraining gas must be greater than a floor value, the pressure drop in the peripheral holes 13 (FIG.
- the distance between the opposing surface formed by the disc 8 or by the front face of the piston 4 and the free surface of the powder is of the order of 0.2 to 0.04 mm, and the speed of the gas. charged with powder measured in the discharge orifice 7, 10, is between 35 and 300 m / s.
- the powder flow rate itself can vary to a very large extent by adjusting the pressure and / or adjusting the discharge means. It is thus possible to vary this flow rate between a few tens of grams per second and several kilograms per second.
- the suspension formed can then be dispersed in the atmosphere at a high speed, for example 100 to 340 m / s, for air at 20 ° C.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86901422T ATE46631T1 (de) | 1985-03-05 | 1986-03-03 | Verfahren und anordnung zur dispersion ultrafeiner pulver. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8503196 | 1985-03-05 | ||
FR8503196A FR2578451B1 (fr) | 1985-03-05 | 1985-03-05 | Procede et dispositif pour la dispersion de poudres ultra-fines |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0214212A1 true EP0214212A1 (fr) | 1987-03-18 |
EP0214212B1 EP0214212B1 (fr) | 1989-09-27 |
Family
ID=9316866
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86901422A Expired EP0214212B1 (fr) | 1985-03-05 | 1986-03-03 | Procede et dispositif pour la mise en suspension de poudres ultra-fines |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4859121A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0214212B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3665822D1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2578451B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1986005126A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU1699879A1 (ru) * | 1988-06-22 | 1991-12-23 | Московский Геологоразведочный Институт Им.Серго Орджоникидзе | Установка дл гидротранспорта твердых материалов |
DE3902073A1 (de) * | 1989-01-25 | 1990-07-26 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Vorrichtung zur schnellen erzeugung grossflaechiger nebel |
GB8903826D0 (en) * | 1989-02-20 | 1989-04-05 | Sandia Investments Sa | Packages for liquids |
US5114054A (en) * | 1990-07-19 | 1992-05-19 | Watson M Burnell | Tank piston with teflon sheathed packing member |
US5286451A (en) * | 1990-11-23 | 1994-02-15 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of Energy Mines And Resources | Apparatus for controlled delivery of particulate material |
US5203507A (en) * | 1990-12-11 | 1993-04-20 | Matthews Richard H | Air powered sprayer for dispensing material slurries |
US5341726A (en) * | 1993-03-31 | 1994-08-30 | Watson M Burnell | Piston for tank |
GB9509170D0 (en) * | 1995-05-05 | 1995-06-28 | Briggs Andrew I | Particulate dispenser |
GB2300371B (en) * | 1995-05-05 | 1997-08-06 | Andrew Ian Briggs | Particulate dispenser |
KR100226990B1 (ko) * | 1997-08-26 | 1999-10-15 | 김성년 | 유동화에 의한 분체의 미량, 정량 및 연속 공급 장치 |
US6206248B1 (en) | 1999-04-16 | 2001-03-27 | James L. Popp | Dispensing piston for commodity container |
US6454141B1 (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2002-09-24 | Coulter International Corp. | Non-pressurized dry powder dispensing apparatus |
US6688494B2 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2004-02-10 | Cima Nanotech, Inc. | Process for the manufacture of metal nanoparticle |
FR2834480B1 (fr) | 2002-01-10 | 2004-04-02 | Bertin Technologies Sa | Dispositif pour la dispersion de poudre |
US8142509B2 (en) | 2006-01-23 | 2012-03-27 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Patellar components |
JP5420642B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-06 | 2014-02-19 | グラコ ミネソタ インコーポレーテッド | 洗浄液カートリッジ |
DE102010025740A1 (de) * | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-05 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Pulverversorgungssvorrichtung und Verfahren zum automatischen Reinigen einer Pulverversorgungseinrichtung |
CN102390720B (zh) * | 2011-05-23 | 2013-10-30 | 华中科技大学 | 一种流化态连续微量给料装置 |
MY177760A (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2020-09-23 | Musashi Eng Inc | Plunger for dispenser, dispenser, and method for dispensing liquid material |
US20220180733A1 (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2022-06-09 | Daniel McNicholas | Vapor displacement refueling including data communications |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA874283A (en) * | 1971-06-29 | K. Bullivant Walter | Pneumatic powder feeder and aerosolizer | |
US2781154A (en) * | 1955-12-23 | 1957-02-12 | North American Aviation Inc | Metallic powder projector |
US3854634A (en) * | 1974-01-02 | 1974-12-17 | Commercial Resins Co | Powder dispenser |
FR2272725B1 (fr) * | 1974-05-31 | 1976-10-15 | Philagro Sa | |
AT340716B (de) * | 1974-06-18 | 1977-12-27 | Vmw Ranshofen Berndorf Ag | Wasserdruck-spritzgerat |
US4497598A (en) * | 1982-11-19 | 1985-02-05 | Chevron Research Company | Method and apparatus for controlled rate feeding of fluidized solids |
SU1224227A1 (ru) * | 1984-05-30 | 1986-04-15 | Казахский политехнический институт им.В.И.Ленина | Камерный питатель пневмотранспортной установки |
SU1206212A1 (ru) * | 1984-07-23 | 1986-01-23 | Институт химии твердого тела и переработки минерального сырья СО АН СССР | Дозирующее устройство порошково-газовой смеси |
-
1985
- 1985-03-05 FR FR8503196A patent/FR2578451B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-03-03 EP EP86901422A patent/EP0214212B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1986-03-03 DE DE8686901422T patent/DE3665822D1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-03-03 WO PCT/FR1986/000067 patent/WO1986005126A1/fr active IP Right Grant
-
1988
- 1988-10-11 US US07/256,191 patent/US4859121A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8605126A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2578451A1 (fr) | 1986-09-12 |
FR2578451B1 (fr) | 1988-08-26 |
EP0214212B1 (fr) | 1989-09-27 |
WO1986005126A1 (fr) | 1986-09-12 |
DE3665822D1 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
US4859121A (en) | 1989-08-22 |
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