EP0213259A2 - Posterior sealing of waste deposits - Google Patents
Posterior sealing of waste deposits Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0213259A2 EP0213259A2 EP86100839A EP86100839A EP0213259A2 EP 0213259 A2 EP0213259 A2 EP 0213259A2 EP 86100839 A EP86100839 A EP 86100839A EP 86100839 A EP86100839 A EP 86100839A EP 0213259 A2 EP0213259 A2 EP 0213259A2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- profile
- plane
- soil
- earth
- strands
- Prior art date
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/006—Sealing of existing landfills, e.g. using mining techniques
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the subsequent sealing of landfills and / or contaminated areas, a seal being brought under the landfill and / or contaminated area by successively pulling in and / or inserting profile strands which connect to form a sealing membrane when it is pulled in or subsequently to be connected to a waterproofing membrane.
- landfills in particular landfills, were often built with inadequate sealing to the groundwater or without any sealing at all, so that pollutants can enter the soil with the surface water and enter the groundwater.
- pollutants can enter the soil with the surface water and enter the groundwater.
- contaminated areas e.g. Industrial areas on which chemical residues, especially hydrocarbon compounds and / or heavy metals, have deposited.
- the horizontal seal should also be produced by successively pulling and / or pushing profile strands through the soil.
- the respective drawn and / or pushed profile strand connects to the profile strand previously inserted.
- the profile strands are provided with a lock at the corresponding ends.
- a profile strand has a profile on the side facing the other profile strand, with which it can grip around and / or engage in the adjacent profile strand.
- it also encompasses or engages in the corresponding side of the adjacent profile strand.
- the profile strands preferably consist of a plastic material, but they can also consist of steel or be provided with steel reinforcement or be provided with a steel casing.
- the profile strands are preferably drawn in by a previous tool. The retraction can be supported by pushing. In the case of smaller extruded lengths, the leading tool can also be disregarded.
- the profile strands are then driven into the sheet pile similar to the individual channel planks.
- the leading tool has the task of drilling an earth hole, especially in the case of larger extruded lengths.
- the earth hole preferably has a slightly larger diameter than the subsequent profile strand. This serves to compensate for a narrowing of the earth hole that occurs after the tool has passed through.
- the leading tool can also be tied up. This means that the tool is guided on the profile strands already inserted. However, the tool can also produce a targeted bore regardless of the profile strands introduced. Such untied holes are then carried out with suitable control devices to prevent the drilling device from migrating. Without a control device, the drill moves in the direction where the surrounding earth shows less resistance. This danger exists particularly in the direction of the already laid profile strands, so that the already laid profile strands can easily be damaged or destroyed.
- the use of controlled drilling rigs can preclude the attachment of profile strands.
- the earth borehole produced is filled with bentonite or similar means in order to prevent the earth borehole from collapsing when the drilling device is pulled out for the subsequent drawing in of the profile strand.
- this can also be unnecessary. This applies above all to earth bores with small dimensions.
- the object of the invention is to avoid comminution work, whereby the principle of tied earth bores should be adhered to.
- this is achieved in that, before and / or when the profile strands are drawn in or pushed in, the soil opposing the pulling in or pushing in is at least partially degraded.
- This degradation takes place either by rinsing and / or breaking out. It can be advantageous to slightly compact at least the layers above the earth borehole. The purpose of compaction is to prevent these layers of earth from peeling open. The resulting loose soil can make it difficult to pull in the extruded section.
- the thickness of the compacted earth layer is 5 to 100 mm.
- the excavated soil is removed by hollow profile strands.
- a tied hole is made in that the profile strands also form a guide for the mining device.
- a planer or a shearer loader serves as the excavation device.
- the planer is provided with planing surfaces in the direction of movement both at the front and at the back or reversible.
- traction devices are available which attack the planer at the front and rear.
- Chains or ropes serve as traction devices. The chains or ropes can run in the previously laid profile strand.
- the planer is also designed as an earth ram and / or coupled with an earth ram.
- the earth pile can act intermittently and intervene if the soil becomes stiff, especially for the penetration of rock inclusions in the soil.
- the plane can also be moved with the ram alone.
- the planer can be provided with a nozzle for water and / or lubricant.
- a lubricant e.g. Bentonite into consideration.
- the lubricant should make it easier to pull in a profile strand attached to the planer.
- the water nozzle can be used as a cutting and / or flushing device with a correspondingly high water pressure and alignment with the soil to be removed.
- the supply lines for the nozzle are drawn from the planer or carried in the profile strand drawn from the planer. This also applies to the supply line required to operate the earth ram. This is a compressed air line for pneumatic drum drives, and a hydraulic line for hydraulic drives.
- the planer can be provided with a plurality of cutting teeth or cutting surfaces, which have an increasing distance from the first tooth or surface in the working direction of the planer in the subsequent cutting teeth or cutting surfaces.
- the distance between the cutting teeth or cutting surfaces determines the maximum grain size of the soil entering the conveyor. With a suitable choice of spacing, the grain size can be used to ensure that there are no blockages in the conveyor troughs formed by the profile strands.
- these forces also compact the soil or displace it.
- displacement displaces the layer of earth adjacent to the borehole, which in the above sense prevents it from opening up.
- the planer has displacement surfaces on the outside of the cutting teeth or cutting surfaces.
- Displacement surfaces whose displacement direction is perpendicular to the sealing surface from the view along the plane of the plane are particularly advantageous. This causes the adjacent soil to be compacted at the top and bottom, while there is less compaction in the direction of mining. In the direction of degradation, displacement can also be completely dispensed with.
- the profile strands form a conveyor for the excavated soil in that the profile strands consist of a hollow profile, which is provided on both sides with a lock for connection to the adjacent profile strands.
- a scratch or a screw conveyor can run in the hollow profile.
- the screw conveyor has significantly smaller dimensions than the conveyor trough and a large pitch. This prevents blockages in the conveyor with the excavated soil.
- the conveyor is reversible in its direction of conveyance.
- the reversal is mainly used to shorten the conveyor route. After exceeding half the tunneling length, the breakout can be reversed as quickly as possible by reversing the direction of rotation of the screw To be transported away. The excavation then reaches the opposite end of the already laid profile strand in the existing excavation pit.
- a chain scraper is also suitable as a conveyor.
- the chain scraper then has a chain that runs through the already laid profile strand.
- a scratch can also be used, the drivers of which are arranged on a rod so as to be pivotable. With a reciprocating rod movement, the penetrating soil is then gradually moved forward with swinging carriers.
- profile strand 1 denotes an already laid profile strand.
- the profile strand 1 is drawn in with a slight inclination towards one end below a landfill.
- the profile strand 1 consists of three tubes 1a, 1b and 1c, which are welded together. With the tube 1a, the profile strand sits in a profile strand 2 which has been drawn in before the profile strand 1.
- the dotted profile bar 2 consists of the same tubes as the profile strand 1.
- the tube 1c is slotted over its entire length to accommodate the closed tube of the next profile strand.
- a planing tool 3 slides on the profile strand 1.
- the planing tool 3 comprises the profile strand 1 on the tubes 1b and 1c on the outside.
- the planer 3 is profiled in its part 3a protruding above the profile strand 1 like the profile strand 1 on the tubes 1b and 1c. This creates when driving through the plane 3 through the soil 4 an earth hole 5 through which a further profile strand can be drawn.
- the planer 3 with its cutting surfaces 6 removes soil, which is then fed to the slot of the pipe 1c via sliding surfaces which are inclined to the longitudinal plane of the plane and penetrates into the pipe 1c through the slot.
- the soil is continuously discharged from a rotating screw conveyor 7 through the pipe 1c to an end of the extruded profile.
- the screw conveyor 7 is pulled out of the pipe 1c.
- the screw conveyor 1c is provided with a flexible axis.
- the plane 3 is moved with an earth ram 8.
- the next profile strand is attached to the earth rams 8, so that it is also moved.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Sealing Devices (AREA)
- Diaphragms And Bellows (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur nachträglichen Abdichtung von Deponien und/oder kontaminierten Flächen, wobei unter der Deponie und/oder kontaminierten Fläche eine Abdichtung gebracht wird, indem nacheinander Profilstränge eingezogen und/oder eingeschoben werden, die sich beim Einziehen zu einer Abdichtungsbahn verbinden oder anschließend zu einer Abdichtungsbahn verbunden werden.The invention relates to a method for the subsequent sealing of landfills and / or contaminated areas, a seal being brought under the landfill and / or contaminated area by successively pulling in and / or inserting profile strands which connect to form a sealing membrane when it is pulled in or subsequently to be connected to a waterproofing membrane.
In der Vergangenheit wurden Deponien,insbesondere Mülldeponien, häufig mit unzureichender Abdichtung zum Grundwasser hin ober überhaupt ohne Abdichtung errichtet, so daß aus diesen mit dem Oberflächenwasser Schadstoffe in den Boden einsichern und in das Grundwasser gelangen können. Das gleiche gilt für kontaminierte Flächen, z.B. Industrieflächen, auf denen chemische Rückstände, insbesondere Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen und/oder Schwermetalle sich niedergeschlagen haben.In the past, landfills, in particular landfills, were often built with inadequate sealing to the groundwater or without any sealing at all, so that pollutants can enter the soil with the surface water and enter the groundwater. The same applies to contaminated areas, e.g. Industrial areas on which chemical residues, especially hydrocarbon compounds and / or heavy metals, have deposited.
Es ist bekannt, Mülldeponien dadurch nachträglich abzudichten, daß diese von seitlichen Dichtungswänden umschlossen werden. Die seitlichen Dichtungswände werden so tief eingebracht, bis wasserundurchlässige Stellen erreicht werden. Dieses Verfahren versagt, wenn dichtende Schichten nicht vorhanden sind oder so tief liegen, daß die Schlitzwände nicht wirtschaftlich darstellbar sind und/oder die Gefahr einer Änderung der Grundwasserverhältnisse und/oder der Bodenverhältnisse besteht.It is known to subsequently seal landfills by enclosing them with lateral sealing walls. The side sealing walls are inserted until water-tight areas are reached. This method fails if sealing layers are not present or are so deep that the diaphragm walls cannot be produced economically and / or there is a risk of a change in the groundwater conditions and / or the soil conditions.
In allen diesen Fällen ist eine Horizontalabdichtung unterhalb der Deponie und/oder der kontaminierten Fläche unabdingbar. Diese Horizontalabdichtung muß dann mit vertikalen Dichtwänden zusammenwirken. Nach einem älteren Vorschlag kann die Horizontalabdichtung aber auch an den Seiten der Deponien bzw. kontaminierten Flächen nach oben gezogen werden. Dann sind zusätzlich Vertikaldichtwände entbehrlich.In all of these cases, horizontal sealing below the landfill and / or the contaminated area is essential. This horizontal seal must then interact with vertical sealing walls. According to an older proposal, the horizontal seal can also be pulled up on the sides of the landfill or contaminated area. Then vertical sealing walls are not necessary.
Nach dem älteren Vorschlag soll die Horizontalabdichtung zugleich dadurch hergestellt werden, daß nacheinander Profilstränge durch das Erdreich gezogen und/oder geschoben werden. Dabei verbindet sich der jeweils gezogene und/oder geschobene Profilstrang mit dem vorher eingebrachten Profilstrang. Für diese Verbindung sind die Profilstränge an den miteinander korrespondierenden Enden mit einem Schloss versehen. D.h., der eine Profilstrang besitzt an der dem anderen Profilstrang zugewandten Seite eine Profilierung, mit der er den benachbarten Profilstrang umgreifen kann und/oder in diesen greifen kann. Entsprechendes gilt für den anderen Profilstrang. D.h., aus Sicht des anderen Profilstranges umgreift dieser gleichfalls bzw. greift dieser gleichfalls in die korrespondierende Seite des benachbarten Profilstranges.According to the older proposal, the horizontal seal should also be produced by successively pulling and / or pushing profile strands through the soil. The respective drawn and / or pushed profile strand connects to the profile strand previously inserted. For this connection, the profile strands are provided with a lock at the corresponding ends. In other words, a profile strand has a profile on the side facing the other profile strand, with which it can grip around and / or engage in the adjacent profile strand. The same applies to the other profile strand. In other words, from the point of view of the other profile strand, it also encompasses or engages in the corresponding side of the adjacent profile strand.
Kern dieser Überlegungen ist, die einzelnen Profilstränge beim Eindringen so an den bereits eingebrachten Profilsträngen zu führen, daß ein Auseinanderlaufen ausgeschlossen wird. Ohne die damit verbundene Fesselung der Profilstränge bestünde die Gefahr eines Auseinanderlaufens der Profilstränge, das nicht mehr von der Toleranz des Schlosses zwischen den beiden Profilsträngen ausgeglichen wird. Die dadurch entstehende Lücke bildet eine Leckstelle in der Deponieabdichtung. Je nach Lage der Leckstelle kann diese die gesamte Deponieabdichtung in Frage stellen. Deshalb ist eine absolut zuverlässige Abdichtung Grundvoraussetzung für eine Deponieabdichtung.The core of these considerations is to guide the individual profile strands on the already introduced profile strands when they penetrate in such a way that they do not diverge. Without the associated tying of the profile strands there would be a risk of the profile strands running apart, which is no longer compensated for by the tolerance of the lock between the two profile strands. The resulting gap creates a leak in the landfill seal. Depending on the location of the leak, this can put the entire landfill seal in question. That is why absolutely reliable sealing is a basic requirement for landfill sealing.
Die Profilstränge bestehen vorzugsweise aus einem Kunststoffmaterial, sie können aber auch aus Stahl bestehen oder mit einer Stahlarmierung versehen sein oder mit einer Stahlumkleidung versehen sein. Die Profilstränge werden vorzugsweise von einem vorausgehenden Werkzeug eingezogen. Das Einziehen kann durch Nachschieben unterstützt werden. Bei kleineren Profilstranglängen kann auch von dem vorauseilenden Werkzeug abgesehen werden. Die Profilstränge werden dann ähnlich den einzelnen Kanaldielen einer Spundwand eingerammt.The profile strands preferably consist of a plastic material, but they can also consist of steel or be provided with steel reinforcement or be provided with a steel casing. The profile strands are preferably drawn in by a previous tool. The retraction can be supported by pushing. In the case of smaller extruded lengths, the leading tool can also be disregarded. The profile strands are then driven into the sheet pile similar to the individual channel planks.
Vor allem bei größeren Profilstränglängen hat das vorauseilende Werkzeug die Aufgabe, eine Erdbohrung herzustellen. Die Erdbohrung hat vorzugsweise einen etwas größeren Durchmesser als der nachfolgende Profilstrang. Das dient zum Ausgleich einer sich nach dem Durcheilen des Werkezuges einstellenden Verengung der Erdbohrung.The leading tool has the task of drilling an earth hole, especially in the case of larger extruded lengths. The earth hole preferably has a slightly larger diameter than the subsequent profile strand. This serves to compensate for a narrowing of the earth hole that occurs after the tool has passed through.
Das voreilende Werkzeug kann gleichfalls gefesselt werden. D.h., das Werkzeug wird an den bereits eingebrachten Profilsträngen geführt. Das Werkzeug kann aber auch unabhängig von den eingebrachten Profilsträngen eine zielgerichtete Bohrung herstellen. Solche ungefesselte Bohrungen werden dann mit geeigneten Steuergeräten durchgeführt, um ein Auswandern des Bohrgerätes zu verhindern. Ohne Steuerungseinrichtung wandert das Bohrgerät in die Richtung aus, wo das umgebende Erdreich geringeren Widerstand zeigt. Diese Gefahr besteht besonders in Richtung der bereits gelegten Profilstränge, so daß es leicht zu einer Beschädigung oder Zerstörung der bereits gelegten Profilstränge kommen kann.The leading tool can also be tied up. This means that the tool is guided on the profile strands already inserted. However, the tool can also produce a targeted bore regardless of the profile strands introduced. Such untied holes are then carried out with suitable control devices to prevent the drilling device from migrating. Without a control device, the drill moves in the direction where the surrounding earth shows less resistance. This danger exists particularly in the direction of the already laid profile strands, so that the already laid profile strands can easily be damaged or destroyed.
Der Einsatz gesteuerter Bohrgeräte kann je nach Ausgestaltung des Bohrgerätes ein Anhängen von Profilsträngen ausschließen. In einem solchen Fall wird die hergestellte Erdbohrung mit Bentonit oder dergleichen Mitteln verfüllt, um ein Einbrechen der Erdbohrung beim Herausziehen des Bohrgerätes für das nachfolgende Einziehen des Profilstranges zu verhindern. Je nach Ausbildung der Erdbohrung und Beschaffenheit des Erdreiches kann das auch entbehrlich werden. Das gilt vor allem für Erdbohrungen mit geringen Abmessungen.Depending on the design of the drilling rig, the use of controlled drilling rigs can preclude the attachment of profile strands. In such a case, the earth borehole produced is filled with bentonite or similar means in order to prevent the earth borehole from collapsing when the drilling device is pulled out for the subsequent drawing in of the profile strand. Depending on the formation of the borehole and the nature of the soil, this can also be unnecessary. This applies above all to earth bores with small dimensions.
Im übrigen hat sich gezeigt, daß größere Erdbohrungen auf Basis einer bloßen Verdrängung des Erdreiches wirtschaftlich nicht darstellbar sind, wenn das Erdreich erheblichen Widerstand gegen ein Eindringen bietet. Das ist der Fall bei dichtgelagerten Kiesen und Sanden. Dann findet nur eine relativ geringe Verdrängung in die Randbereiche der Erdbohrung statt und muß außer ordentlich viel Zerkleinerungsarbeit geleistet werden. Diese Zerkleinerungsarbeit belastet die Bohrungsarbeit gravierend.In addition, it has been shown that larger earth bores based on the mere displacement of the soil cannot be economically produced if the soil offers considerable resistance to penetration. This is the case with densely stored gravel and sand. Then there is only a relatively small displacement into the edge areas of the earth borehole and must be excluded a lot of shredding work is done. This crushing work places a heavy burden on the drilling work.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, Zerkleinerungsarbeit zu vermeiden, wobei an den Prinzip der gefesselten Erdbohrungen festgehalten werden soll.The object of the invention is to avoid comminution work, whereby the principle of tied earth bores should be adhered to.
Nach der Erfindung wird das dadurch erreicht, daß vor und/oder beim Einziehen bzw. Einschieben der Profilstränge das dem Einziehen bzw. Einschieben entgegenstehende Erdreich zumindest teilweise abgebaut wird.According to the invention, this is achieved in that, before and / or when the profile strands are drawn in or pushed in, the soil opposing the pulling in or pushing in is at least partially degraded.
Dieser Abbau erfolgt wahlweise durch Ausspülen und/oder Ausbrechen. Dabei kann es von Vorteil sein, zumindest die über der Erdbohrung liegenden Schichten geringfügig zu verdichten. Die Verdichtung hat die Aufgabe, ein Aufblättern dieser Erdschichten zu verhindern. Das damit anfallende lose Erdreich kann das nachfolgende Einziehen des Profilstranges erschweren.This degradation takes place either by rinsing and / or breaking out. It can be advantageous to slightly compact at least the layers above the earth borehole. The purpose of compaction is to prevent these layers of earth from peeling open. The resulting loose soil can make it difficult to pull in the extruded section.
Die Dicke der verdichteten Erdschicht beträgt nach der Erfindung 5 bis100 mm.According to the invention, the thickness of the compacted earth layer is 5 to 100 mm.
Das abgebaute Erdreich wird durch hohl ausgebildete Profilstränge abgefördert. D.h., die Profilstränge dienen als Förderer. Dabei wird eine gefesselte Bohrung dadurch hergestellt, daß die Profilstränge zugleich eine Fürhung für das Abbaugerät bilden.The excavated soil is removed by hollow profile strands. This means that the profile strands serve as conveyors. A tied hole is made in that the profile strands also form a guide for the mining device.
Als Abbaugerät dient ein Hobel oder ein Walzenschrämlader. Der Hobel ist in Bewegungsrichtung vorne als auch hinten mit Hobelflächen versehen oder umkehrbar. Zum Betrieb des Hobels sind Zugmittel vorhanden, die vorne und hinten den Hobel angreifen. Als Zugmittel dienen Ketten oder Seile. Die Ketten oder Seile können in dem jeweils vorher gelegten Profilstrang laufen.A planer or a shearer loader serves as the excavation device. The planer is provided with planing surfaces in the direction of movement both at the front and at the back or reversible. To operate the planer, traction devices are available which attack the planer at the front and rear. Chains or ropes serve as traction devices. The chains or ropes can run in the previously laid profile strand.
Wahlweise ist der Hobel zugleich als Erdramme ausgebildet und/oder mit einer Erdramme gekoppelt. Die Erdramme kann intermitierend tätig werden und eingreifen, wenn das Erdreich schwergängig wird, insbesondere zur Durchdringung von Gesteinseinschlüssen im Erdreich Zerkleinerungsarbeit zu leisten ist. Der Hobel kann auch allein mit der Ramme bewegt werden.Optionally, the planer is also designed as an earth ram and / or coupled with an earth ram. The earth pile can act intermittently and intervene if the soil becomes stiff, especially for the penetration of rock inclusions in the soil. The plane can also be moved with the ram alone.
Der Hobel kann mit einer Düse für Wasser und/oder Gleitmittel versehen sein. Als Gleitmittel kommt z.B. Bentonit in Betracht. Das Gleitmittel soll das Einziehen eines an den Hobel angehängten Profilstranges erleichtern.The planer can be provided with a nozzle for water and / or lubricant. As a lubricant e.g. Bentonite into consideration. The lubricant should make it easier to pull in a profile strand attached to the planer.
Die Wasserdüse kann bei entsprechend hohem Wasserdruck und Ausrichtung gegen das zu beseitigende Erdreich als Schneid- und/oder Spüleinrichtung verwendet werden.The water nozzle can be used as a cutting and / or flushing device with a correspondingly high water pressure and alignment with the soil to be removed.
Die Versorgungsleitungen für die Düse werden von dem Hobel nachgezogen bzw. in dem vom Hobel nachgezogenen Profilstrang mitgeführt. Das gilt auch für die zum Betrieb der Erdramme notwendige Versorgungsleitung. Bei pneumatischen Erdrammenantrieb ist das eine Preßluftleitung, bei hydraulischem Antrieb eine Hydraulikleitung.The supply lines for the nozzle are drawn from the planer or carried in the profile strand drawn from the planer. This also applies to the supply line required to operate the earth ram. This is a compressed air line for pneumatic drum drives, and a hydraulic line for hydraulic drives.
Der Hobel kann mit mehreren Schneidzähnen oder Schneidflächen versehen sein, die beginnend mit dem in Arbeitsrichtung des Hobels ersten Zahn bzw. Fläche bei den nachfolgenden Schneidzähnen oder Schneidflächen einen zunehmenden Abstand aufweisen. Der Abstand der Schneidzähne bzw. Schneidflächen bestimmt die maximale Korngröße des in den Förderer gelangenden Erdreiches. Durch geeignete Abstandswahl kann über die Korngröße sichergestellt werden, daß keine Verstopfungen in den durch die Profilsträngen gebildeten Förderrinnen entstehen.The planer can be provided with a plurality of cutting teeth or cutting surfaces, which have an increasing distance from the first tooth or surface in the working direction of the planer in the subsequent cutting teeth or cutting surfaces. The distance between the cutting teeth or cutting surfaces determines the maximum grain size of the soil entering the conveyor. With a suitable choice of spacing, the grain size can be used to ensure that there are no blockages in the conveyor troughs formed by the profile strands.
Zugleich kann mit der oben beschriebenen Anordnung der Schneidzähne bzw. Schneidflächen eine solche Kraft auf das umgebende Erdreich ausgeübt werden, daß die resultierenden Kräfte aus dem Abbau des Erdreiches von den gegen das umgebende Erdreich erzeugte Kräften teilweise oder ganz kompensiert werden. Mit den gegen das umgebende Erdreich gerichteten Kompensationskräften wird der Hobel in bzw. auf seinem als Führung dienenden Profilstrang gehalten.At the same time, with the arrangement of the cutting teeth or cutting surfaces described above, such a force can be exerted on the surrounding earth that the resulting forces from the removal of the earth from the forces generated against the surrounding earth partially or fully compensated. With the compensation forces directed against the surrounding soil, the planer is held in or on its profile strand serving as a guide.
Vorteilhafterweise bewirken diese Kräfte auch eine Verdichtung des Erdreiches bzw. eine Verdrängung des Erdreiches. Damit entsteht eine kombinierte Bohrweise, die sich aus Abbau und Verdrängung zusammensetzt. Hinzukommt, daß die Verdrängung eine Verdichtung der an die Erdbohrung angrenzenden Erdschicht bewirkt, die im obige Sinne deren Aufblättern verhindert.Advantageously, these forces also compact the soil or displace it. This creates a combined drilling method that consists of extraction and displacement. In addition, displacement displaces the layer of earth adjacent to the borehole, which in the above sense prevents it from opening up.
Zur Verdrängung besitzt der Hobel an den Schneidzähnen bzw. Schneidflächen außen Verdrängungsflächen.For displacement, the planer has displacement surfaces on the outside of the cutting teeth or cutting surfaces.
Besonders vorteilhaft sind Verdrängungsflächen, deren Verdrängungsrichtung aus Sicht entlang der Hobelachse senkrecht auf der Abdichtungsfläche steht. Das bewirkt eine Verdichtung des angrenzenden Erdreiches oben und unten, während eine geringere Verdichtung in Abbaurichtung entsteht. In Abbaurichtung kann auch von einer Verdrängung ganz abgesehen werden.Displacement surfaces whose displacement direction is perpendicular to the sealing surface from the view along the plane of the plane are particularly advantageous. This causes the adjacent soil to be compacted at the top and bottom, while there is less compaction in the direction of mining. In the direction of degradation, displacement can also be completely dispensed with.
Bei Verwendung von Schmiermitteldüsen empfiehlt sich deren Anordnung an den Verdrängungsflächen.When using lubricant nozzles, their arrangement on the displacement surfaces is recommended.
In weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung bilden die Profilstränge dadurch einen Förderer für das abgebaute Erdreich, daß die Profilstränge aus einem Hohlprofil bestehen, das beiderseits zur Verbindung mit den benachbarten Profilsträngen mit einem Schloss versehen ist. In dem Hohlprofil kann ein Kratzer oder eine Förderschnecke laufen. Die Förderschnecke hat deutlich geringere Abmessungen als die Förderrinne sowie eine starke Ganghöhe. Dadurch sind Verstopfungen in dem Förderer mit dem abgebauten Erdreich ausgeschlossen.In a further embodiment of the invention, the profile strands form a conveyor for the excavated soil in that the profile strands consist of a hollow profile, which is provided on both sides with a lock for connection to the adjacent profile strands. A scratch or a screw conveyor can run in the hollow profile. The screw conveyor has significantly smaller dimensions than the conveyor trough and a large pitch. This prevents blockages in the conveyor with the excavated soil.
Überdies ist der Förderer in seiner Förderrichtung umkehrbar. Die Umkehrung wird vorwiegend genutzt zur Verkürzung der Förderstrecke. Nach Überschreiten der halben Vortriebslänge kann durch Umkehren der Drehrichtung der Förderschnecke der Ausbruch wiederum auf kürzestem Weg abtransportiert werden. Der Ausbruch gelangt dann zum gegenüberliegenden Ende des bereits gelegten Profilstranges in die dort vorhandene Baugrube.In addition, the conveyor is reversible in its direction of conveyance. The reversal is mainly used to shorten the conveyor route. After exceeding half the tunneling length, the breakout can be reversed as quickly as possible by reversing the direction of rotation of the screw To be transported away. The excavation then reaches the opposite end of the already laid profile strand in the existing excavation pit.
Als Förderer ist auch ein Kettenkratzer geeignet. Der Kettenkratzer besitzt dann eine durch den bereits gelegten Profilstrang durchlaufende Kette. An der Kette befinden sich Mitnehmer. Die Mitnehmer tragen das eindringende Erdreich mit fortlaufender Kettenbewegung zum Austrittsende des Profilstranges.A chain scraper is also suitable as a conveyor. The chain scraper then has a chain that runs through the already laid profile strand. There are drivers on the chain. The drivers carry the penetrating soil with continuous chain movement to the exit end of the profile strand.
Darüber hinaus kann auch ein Kratzer verwendet werden, dessen Mitnehmer schwenkbeweglich an einer Stange angeordnet sind. Mit hin- und hergehender Stangenbewegung wird das eindringende Erdreich dann schrittweise mit aufschwenkenden Mitnehmern vorwärtsbewegt.In addition, a scratch can also be used, the drivers of which are arranged on a rod so as to be pivotable. With a reciprocating rod movement, the penetrating soil is then gradually moved forward with swinging carriers.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt.In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown.
Mit 1 ist ein bereits gelegter Profilstrang bezeichnet. Der Profilstrang 1 ist mit leichter Neigung nach einem Ende hin unterhalb einer Mülldeponie eingezogen.1 denotes an already laid profile strand. The profile strand 1 is drawn in with a slight inclination towards one end below a landfill.
Der Profilstrang 1 besteht aus drei Rohren 1a, 1b und 1c, die miteinander verschweißt sind. Mit dem Rohr 1a sitzt der Profilstrang in einem Profilstrang 2 der noch vor dem Profilstrang 1 eingezogen worden ist. Der strich punktiert dargestellte Profilstang 2 besteht aus den gleichen Rohren wie der Profilstrang 1.The profile strand 1 consists of three tubes 1a, 1b and 1c, which are welded together. With the tube 1a, the profile strand sits in a
Das Rohr 1c ist zur Aufnahme des geschlossenen Rohres des nächsten Profilstranges über seine ganze Länge geschlitzt.The tube 1c is slotted over its entire length to accommodate the closed tube of the next profile strand.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel gleitet auf dem Profilstrang 1 ein Hobelwerkzeug 3. Das Hobelwerkzeug 3 umfaßt den Profilstrang 1 an den Rohren 1b und 1c außen. Der Hobel 3 ist in seinem über dem Profilstrang 1 vorragenden Teil 3a wie der Profilstrang 1 an den Rohren 1b und 1c profiliert. Dadurch entsteht beim Durchtreiben des Hobels 3 durch das Erdreich 4 eine Erdbohrung 5, durch die ein weiterer Profilstrang eingezogen werden kann. Dabei schält der Hobel 3 mit seinen Schneidflächen 6 Erdreich aus, das dann über geneigt zur Hobellängsachse verlaufende Gleitflächen dem Schlitz des Rohres 1c zugeführt wird und durch den Schlitz in das Rohr 1c eindringt. Dort wird das Erdreich von einer umlaufenden Förderschnecke 7 kontinuierlich durch das Rohr 1c zu einem Profilstrangende hin abgeführt. Nach Fertigstellung der Erdbohrung 5 wird die Förderschnecke 7 aus dem Rohr 1c herausgezogen. Dazu ist die Förderschnecke 1c mit einer biegsamen Achse versehen.In the exemplary embodiment, a planing tool 3 slides on the profile strand 1. The planing tool 3 comprises the profile strand 1 on the tubes 1b and 1c on the outside. The planer 3 is profiled in its
Der Hobel 3 wird mit einer Erdramme 8 bewegt. An die Erdramme 8 ist zugleich der nächste Profilstrang angehängt, so daß dieser mitbewegt wird.The plane 3 is moved with an
Claims (19)
daß vor und/oder beim Einziehen bzw. Einschieben die dem Einziehen bzw. Einschieben entgegenstehende Erdschicht zumindest teilweise abgebaut wird.1.Procedure for the subsequent sealing of landfills and / or contaminated areas, whereby a seal is brought under the landfill and / or contaminated area in which profile strands are pulled in and / or pushed in one after the other, which connect when pulled in by a sealing membrane or subsequently be connected to a sealing membrane, characterized in that
that before and / or when pulling in or pushing in, the soil layer opposing the pulling in or pushing in is at least partially degraded.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86100839T ATE56235T1 (en) | 1985-08-31 | 1986-01-22 | SUBSEQUENT LANDFILL SEALING. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3531183 | 1985-08-31 | ||
DE19853531183 DE3531183A1 (en) | 1985-08-31 | 1985-08-31 | Nocturnal landfill sealing |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0213259A2 true EP0213259A2 (en) | 1987-03-11 |
EP0213259A3 EP0213259A3 (en) | 1988-02-10 |
EP0213259B1 EP0213259B1 (en) | 1990-09-05 |
Family
ID=6279859
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86100839A Expired - Lifetime EP0213259B1 (en) | 1985-08-31 | 1986-01-22 | Posterior sealing of waste deposits |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0213259B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE56235T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3531183A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0328608B1 (en) * | 1987-08-27 | 1991-05-15 | Hans Richter | Process and device for subsequent incorporation of an underground seal under a refuse dump |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3535328A1 (en) * | 1985-10-03 | 1987-04-09 | Niederberg Chemie | Sanitation of landfill sites |
DE4209714A1 (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1993-09-30 | Rohrbau Nord Oldenburg Gmbh & | Process for sealing the base of a landfill |
DE19940774C2 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2003-03-06 | Keller Grundbau Gmbh | Method and device for producing flat sealing elements in the ground |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1658773B1 (en) * | 1968-02-28 | 1971-08-26 | Wolff & Mueller | Tunneling method |
DE2138123A1 (en) * | 1970-08-04 | 1973-02-08 | Welzow Braunkohle Schachtbau | SEALING WALL, PREFERABLY FOR BARRIER IN THE SUBSOIL |
DE2250635A1 (en) * | 1972-10-16 | 1974-04-25 | Nishimatsu Constr Co Ltd | PROCEDURE FOR BUILDING A TUNNEL |
DE3407382A1 (en) * | 1984-02-29 | 1985-08-29 | Ed. Züblin AG, 7000 Stuttgart | METHOD FOR NOcturnal UNDERGROUND SEALING, PREFERREDLY OF LANDSCAPES, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SUCH A METHOD |
-
1985
- 1985-08-31 DE DE19853531183 patent/DE3531183A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-01-22 EP EP86100839A patent/EP0213259B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-01-22 AT AT86100839T patent/ATE56235T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-01-22 DE DE8686100839T patent/DE3673921D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1658773B1 (en) * | 1968-02-28 | 1971-08-26 | Wolff & Mueller | Tunneling method |
DE2138123A1 (en) * | 1970-08-04 | 1973-02-08 | Welzow Braunkohle Schachtbau | SEALING WALL, PREFERABLY FOR BARRIER IN THE SUBSOIL |
DE2250635A1 (en) * | 1972-10-16 | 1974-04-25 | Nishimatsu Constr Co Ltd | PROCEDURE FOR BUILDING A TUNNEL |
DE3407382A1 (en) * | 1984-02-29 | 1985-08-29 | Ed. Züblin AG, 7000 Stuttgart | METHOD FOR NOcturnal UNDERGROUND SEALING, PREFERREDLY OF LANDSCAPES, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SUCH A METHOD |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0328608B1 (en) * | 1987-08-27 | 1991-05-15 | Hans Richter | Process and device for subsequent incorporation of an underground seal under a refuse dump |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0213259B1 (en) | 1990-09-05 |
EP0213259A3 (en) | 1988-02-10 |
ATE56235T1 (en) | 1990-09-15 |
DE3673921D1 (en) | 1990-10-11 |
DE3531183A1 (en) | 1987-03-12 |
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