EP0208989A2 - Process for cleaning furs and leather - Google Patents
Process for cleaning furs and leather Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0208989A2 EP0208989A2 EP86108982A EP86108982A EP0208989A2 EP 0208989 A2 EP0208989 A2 EP 0208989A2 EP 86108982 A EP86108982 A EP 86108982A EP 86108982 A EP86108982 A EP 86108982A EP 0208989 A2 EP0208989 A2 EP 0208989A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cleaning
- solvent
- sponges
- weight
- fur
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 41
- 125000001261 isocyanato group Chemical group *N=C=O 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 19
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 6
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 furs Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIWQSPITLQVMSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethylimidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1C GIWQSPITLQVMSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)CC1 RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMNOVRZDAZZQTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[dibutyl(dodecanoyl)stannyl]dodecan-1-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)C(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC SMNOVRZDAZZQTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPRJQFIHEGORJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yloxy)propan-1-ol 1-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COCC(C)O.CC(CO)OC(C)CO BPRJQFIHEGORJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCO BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CESZUODSLPRJDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyloxirane;oxirane;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound C1CO1.CC1CO1.OCC(O)CO CESZUODSLPRJDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylmorpholine Chemical compound CCN1CCOCC1 HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282421 Canidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- CJKRXEBLWJVYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N'-diethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CCNCCNCC CJKRXEBLWJVYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000772415 Neovison vison Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283903 Ovis aries Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282330 Procyon lotor Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282487 Vulpes Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011538 cleaning material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JQZRVMZHTADUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L di(octanoyloxy)tin Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O JQZRVMZHTADUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012971 dimethylpiperazine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKFPILLUYYCDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-formamido-3-methylphenyl)formamide Chemical compound CC1=CC(NC=O)=CC=C1NC=O BKFPILLUYYCDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008954 quail grass Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
- D06L1/02—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using organic solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3726—Polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
- D06L1/01—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using only solid or pasty agents
Definitions
- the object of the invention is to develop a method in which the fur clothing is just as gentle, or still treated more gently compared to the known refining processes, but cleaned faster and more effectively.
- the invention relates to a process for cleaning furs and leather by treating these materials with moldings made of open-cell polyurethane foam with a density of 60 to 120 kg / m 3 , these moldings being impregnated with halogenated hydrocarbons.
- the open-cell polyurethane foam is obtained by reacting mixtures of polyalkylene glycols with an equivalent weight of 200 to 2000 and polyhydroxyl compounds with an equivalent weight of 30 to 100 with isocyanate group-containing pre-adducts of polyisocyanates and polyalkylene glycols with an equivalent weight of 50 to 500, preferably 300.
- the polyalkylene glycols used according to the invention are prepared in a conventional manner by adding alkylene oxides to compounds with at least two active hydrogens. Examples of these are ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol or sorbitol. Suitable alkylene oxides are ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or butylene oxide or their Ge mix. In the case of mixtures of alkylene oxides, the polyalkylene glycols can be present as block polymers or the alkylene oxides are added up in a statistical distribution.
- the molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycols can vary within wide limits, it is adjusted so that the above-mentioned equivalent weight of 200 to 2000 is maintained. Polyalkylene glycols with an equivalent weight of 300 to 1000 with more than 50 mol% of primary hydroxyl groups are preferred. The polyalkylene glycols are used together with those polyhydroxyl compounds which have an equivalent weight of 30 to 100. Typical examples are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, glycerin and trimethylolpropane.
- the isocyanate component used according to the invention is a diisocyanate which is modified with a polyethylene glycol.
- the polyethylene glycol has an equivalent weight of 50 to 500, preferably 300.
- suitable isocyanates are tolylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyphenylpolymethylene polyisocyanate and mixtures thereof.
- the preferred isocyanate is tolylene diisocyanate, which can exist in its isomeric 2,4-form or 2,6-form or as a mixture of the two isomeric forms.
- a suitable mixture of isomers contains approximately 80% 2,4-isomer and 20% 2,6-isomer, although other ratios can also be used successfully.
- the amount of isocyanate added should be adjusted to the remaining components present in the reaction mixture so that the isocyanate index, ie the ratio between isocyanate groups and hydroxyl groups, present in the mixture is approximately 0 , 85 to 1.25, preferably 1.00 to 1.10.
- Other starting materials used in the invention such as foaming agents and catalysts, are the same as those of conventional flexible urethane foams. If necessary, a foam stabilizer, a refractory additive, etc. can also be added. Examples of foaming agents are Water and fluorinated hydrocarbons such as trichlorofluoromethane and dichlorodifluoromethane.
- the catalyst examples include amino compounds such as trimethylamine, dimethylbenzylamine, N-ethylmorpholine, triethylenediamine (and its formic acid salt), dimethylpiperazine, 1,2-dimethylimidazole, dimethylaminoethanol, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, diethylaminoethanol, 1,8-diazabicyclo (5 0) - undecen-7 (and its phenol salt) and tin compounds such as dibutyltin dilaurate and tin octoate.
- examples of show stabilizers are silicones and other surface active agents.
- the polyurethane foams suitable in the context of the present invention should have a density of 60 to 120 kg / m 3 . Higher densities are also possible but uneconomical to manufacture.
- the polyurethane foam is cut into shaped pieces of a suitable size.
- the shaped pieces are preferably spherical or cube-shaped and have a volume of 15 to 1000, in particular 100 to 200 ml.
- These shaped pieces or sponges are then impregnated with a sufficiently large drum content with a fluorine or chlorinated hydrocarbon, for example with trichlorofluoromethane, in a conventional cleaning machine. 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, tetrachlorethylene or dichloromethane.
- the amount of these solvents based on the Polyurethane sponges is about 100 to 300%. Then the material to be cleaned is added to the impregnated sponges and this material is rotated together with the sponges in the cleaning machine for a sufficiently long time.
- the fill factor (kg of goods: drum volume) depends on the type of material to be cleaned. For short-haired and semi-smoked furs (e.g. mink, raccoon) and furs with velvet side or nappa], this fill factor is 1:20 to 1:30, for full-smoke and long-haired furs (e.g. Mongolin lambs, Canadian red foxes, noble foxes) 1:50 to 1:80.
- auxiliaries such as cleaning enhancers, softening agents, glossing agents, hydrophobizing and oleophobicizing agents, moth protection and refatting agents and conditioning agents can be added to the solvent.
- the goods should not absorb more than 30% of their own weight in the course of the cleaning time.
- the cleaning time during which the material to be treated is moved in the rotating drum depends on the degree of soiling and the type of material to be cleaned and, based on experience, is approximately 10 to 20 minutes.
- the goods are then spun off and the spun-off cleaning liquor is pumped off into the still or into the storage tank.
- the solvent is recovered at a temperature between 15 and 45 ° C (measured at the drum outlet in the gas space).
- the goods and sponges can be removed from the drum dry and odorless. It is advisable to suck the sponges out of the drum into a container using a special device before drying the goods.
- the soiled sponges are cleaned from time to time in a solvent bath of the cleaning machine, so that they can be used again.
- the sponges of the quality according to the invention release only part of the absorbed solvent into the items to be cleaned, even with different upsetting. This amount of solvent is sufficient to loosen the dirt in the goods.
- the dirt is removed by rubbing the cleaning material on the surface of the solvent-containing sponges, which absorb the detached dirt. Adding surfactants, greasing agents etc. can improve cleaning failure, the suppleness of the leather and the appearance of the fur hair.
- the polyurethane foams used according to the invention with the specified density give less than 20% of the amount of solvent absorbed to the goods to be cleaned, thereby avoiding damage to sensitive textile and leather material due to excessive extraction.
- This cleaning process is suitable for leather and fur clothing as well as for other types of textiles that are damaged during treatment in a solvent bath. These include e.g. Garments made of soft PVC, the plasticizer of which is largely extracted from the solvents used in textile cleaning, making the fabric hard, brittle and cracked. This method is also suitable for degreasing fur skins during the dressing process.
- the normal flexible polyurethane foam according to Example 1 is hardly progressive with regard to the deformation pressure, because a deformation of 50% is also possible in the load range of 10% deformation, at which the cleaning effect can start due to the frictional forces, which would promote the leakage of solvent from the sponge and would be harmful to the items to be cleaned.
- the values obtained here are shown in the diagrams in FIGS. 1-3.
- the curves S 1 , S 2 and S 3 represent the percentage residual amounts of solvent, such as those used for the carrier substances PUR foam according to Example 1 (S 1 ), PUR foam according to Example 2 (S 2 ) and sawdust (S 3 ) were measured.
- Curves P, P 2 and P 3 show the corresponding residual amounts in the fur. The closer the corresponding pairs of curves of carrier substances and fur approach, the greater the solvent exchange. In the case of tetrachlorethylene between sawdust and fur, the undesired solvent compensation takes place, ie the curves S 3 and P 3 intersect before 30 minutes have elapsed (see Figure 3).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
- Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Viele Bekleidungsstücke aus echtem Pelz können in organischen Lösungsmitteln wegen einer zu starken Entfettung nicht ohne Gefahr einer Schädigung gereinigt werden. Aus diesem Grunde wird die meiste Pelzbekleidung nach dem sogenannten Läuterungsverfahren behandelt. Nach dieser Methode werden die getragenen und verschmutzten Pelze zusannen mit Lösemittel-getränkten Hartholzspänen in einer rotierenden Läutertrommel bewegt. Durch Berührung der Pelzhaare mit den Spänen wird diesen der Schmutz entzogen, wobei der mechanische Abrieb die Schmutzentfernung unterstützt. Nach dem Läutern von etwa 20 Minuten werden die Pelzbekleidungsstücke in eine Schütteltonne umgeladen und von den anhaftenden Holzspänen befreit. Die Schüttelzeit beträgt je nach Haarlänge 20-30 Minuten. Allerdings bleibt ein Teil dieses Reinigungsmittels nach dem Schütteln in Taschen und Futtern zurück und muß von Hand entfernt werden. Bei kurzhaarigem Pelzwerk, z.B. Persianer, besteht außerdem die Gefahr, daß diese Pelzfelle durch zu hohe Lösemittelaufnahme zu stark entfettet und infolge der Gewichtszunahme während ihrer Bewegung in der rotierenden Trommel geschädigt werden. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist, daß die verschmutzen Hartholzspäne nicht mehr verwendet werden können, also nach einmaliger Behandlung verworfen werden müssen. Da dieses Material noch Lösemittel enthält, ist die Entsorgung ein echtes Problem. Verschmutzte Futterstoffe müssen vor dieser Prozedur mit Wasser oder einer wäßrigen Tensidlösung angesprüht werden. Bei starker Verschmutzung muß das Futter aus den Bekleidungsstück herausgetrennt und gesondert in einer Reinigungsmaschine mit Lösemittel gereinigt werden. Das beschriebene Reinigungsverfahren ist demnach zeitaufwendig und mit viel Handarbeit und Entsorgungsproblemen verbunden.Many items of clothing made of real fur cannot be cleaned in organic solvents because of excessive degreasing without risk of damage. For this reason, most fur clothing is treated according to the so-called cleaning process. According to this method, the worn and soiled furs are moved together with solvent-soaked hardwood shavings in a rotating refining drum. By touching the fur hair with the shavings, the dirt is removed from it, whereby the mechanical abrasion supports the dirt removal. After the purification of about 20 minutes, the fur clothing is reloaded into a shaking barrel and freed of the adhering wood chips. The shaking time is 20-30 minutes depending on the hair length. However, part of this detergent remains in bags and food after shaking and must be removed by hand. With short-haired fur, e.g. Persians, there is also the danger that these fur skins will be degreased too much due to excessive solvent absorption and will be damaged as a result of the weight gain during their movement in the rotating drum. Another disadvantage is that the dirty hardwood chips can no longer be used, so they have to be discarded after a single treatment. Since this material still contains solvents, disposal is a real problem. Soiled linings must be sprayed with water or an aqueous surfactant solution before this procedure. In the event of heavy soiling, the lining must be separated from the item of clothing and cleaned separately in a cleaning machine with solvent. The cleaning process described is therefore time-consuming and associated with a lot of manual work and disposal problems.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zu entwickeln, bei dem die Pelzbekleidung ebenso schonend, bzw. noch schonender im Vergleich zu den bekannten Läuterungsverfahren behandelt, aber schneller und wirkungsvoller gereinigt wird.The object of the invention is to develop a method in which the fur clothing is just as gentle, or still treated more gently compared to the known refining processes, but cleaned faster and more effectively.
In dem Fachbuch "Leder, Pelze, Kunstleder und ihre Reinigung" von R. Mari und E. Bockelmann 1973, Seiten 29 und 30 wird ein von der Fa. Kreussler weiterentwickeltes Läuterverfahren für Velourleder mit geringer Verschmutzung beschrieben. Danach reinigt man die Lederbekleidung mit Polyurethan-Schwämmen (Größe 10 x 10 cm), die etwa ein Viertel des Trommelvolumens füllen und mit Perchlorethylen (Tetrachlorethen) sowie mit Lickeröl getränkt werden. Angaben über die Eigenschaften dieser Schwämme, z.B. über Lösemittelaufnahne, Lösemittelretentlon in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit sowie über die Abriebfestigkeit und Stauchhärte fehlen jedoch.In the specialist book "Leather, furs, synthetic leather and their cleaning" by R. Mari and E. Bockelmann 1973,
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Reinigung von Pelzen und Leder, indem man diese Materialien mit Formstücken aus offenzelligem Polyurethanschaum mit einem Raumgewicht von 60 bis 120 kg/m3 behandelt, wobei diese Formstücke mit Halogenkohlenwasserstoffen getränkt sind.The invention relates to a process for cleaning furs and leather by treating these materials with moldings made of open-cell polyurethane foam with a density of 60 to 120 kg / m 3 , these moldings being impregnated with halogenated hydrocarbons.
Der offenzellige Polyurethanschaum wird erhalten durch Umsetzung von Gemischen aus Polyalkylenglykolen mit einem Äquivalentgewicht von 200 bis 2000 und Polyhydroxylverbindungen mit einem Äquivalengewicht von 30 bis 100 mit Isocyanatgruppen aufweisenden Voraddukten aus Polyisocyanaten und Polyalkylenglykolen mit einem Äquivalentgewicht von 50 bis 500 vorzugsweise 300.The open-cell polyurethane foam is obtained by reacting mixtures of polyalkylene glycols with an equivalent weight of 200 to 2000 and polyhydroxyl compounds with an equivalent weight of 30 to 100 with isocyanate group-containing pre-adducts of polyisocyanates and polyalkylene glycols with an equivalent weight of 50 to 500, preferably 300.
Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Polyalkylenglykole werden in üblicher Weise hergestellt durch Addition von Alkylenoxiden an Verbindungen mit mindestens zwei aktiven Wasserstoffen. Beispiele hierfür sind Ethylenglykol, 1,2-Propandiol, 1, 6-Hexandiol, Glycerin, Trimethylolpropan, Pentaerythrit oder Sorbit. Als Alkylenoxide kommen in Frage Ethylenoxid, Propylenoxid oder Butylenoxid oder deren Gemische. Bei Gemischen von Alkylenoxiden können die Polyalkylenglykole als Blockpolymere vorliegen oder die Alkylenoxide sind in statistischer Verteilung addiert. Das Molekulargewicht der Polyalkylenglykole kann in weiten Grenzen schwanken, es wird so eingestellt, daß das oben angegebene Äquivalentgewicht von 200 bis 2000 eingehalten wird. Bevorzugt sind Polyalkylenglykole mit einem Äquivalentgewicht von 300 bis 1000 mit mehr als 50 Mol% an primären Hydroxylgruppen. Die Polyalkylenglykole werden zusammen mit solchen Polyhydroxylverbindungen eingesetzt, die ein Äquivalentgewicht von 30 bis 100 haben. Typische Beispiele hierfür sind Ethylenglykol,Diethylenglykol, 1,4-Butylenglykol, Glycerin und Trimethylolpropan.The polyalkylene glycols used according to the invention are prepared in a conventional manner by adding alkylene oxides to compounds with at least two active hydrogens. Examples of these are ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol or sorbitol. Suitable alkylene oxides are ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or butylene oxide or their Ge mix. In the case of mixtures of alkylene oxides, the polyalkylene glycols can be present as block polymers or the alkylene oxides are added up in a statistical distribution. The molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycols can vary within wide limits, it is adjusted so that the above-mentioned equivalent weight of 200 to 2000 is maintained. Polyalkylene glycols with an equivalent weight of 300 to 1000 with more than 50 mol% of primary hydroxyl groups are preferred. The polyalkylene glycols are used together with those polyhydroxyl compounds which have an equivalent weight of 30 to 100. Typical examples are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, glycerin and trimethylolpropane.
Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Isocyanatkomponente ist ein Diisocyanat, das mit einem Polyethylenglykol modifiziert ist. Das Polyethylenglykol besitzt ein Äquivalentgewicht von 50 bis 500, vorzugsweise von 300. Beispiele von geeigneten Isocyanaten sind Toluylendiisocyanat, Hexamethylendiisocyanat, Diphenylmethandiisocyanat, Polyphenylpolymethylenpolyisocyanat und Mischungen davon. Das bevorzugte Isocyanat ist Toluylendiisocyanat, das in seiner isomeren 2,4-Form oder 2,6-Form oder als Mischung der beiden isomeren Formen vorliegen kann. Eine geeignete Isomerenmischung enthält ungefähr 80% 2,4-Isomer und 20% 2,6-Isomer, wobei andere Verhältnisse ebenfalls mit Erfolg verwendet werden können. Die Menge an Isocyanat, die zugegeben wird, sollte den restlichen Komponenten, die in der Reaktionsmischung vorhanden sind, so angepaßt sein, daß der Isocyanat-Index, d.h. das Verhältnis zwischen Isocyanatgruppen und Hydroxyl- gruppen, das in der Mischung vorhanden ist, ungefähr 0,85 zu 1,25, bevorzugt 1,00 zu 1,10, beträgt. Andere Ausgangsmaterialien, die im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendet werden, wie Schäummittel und Katalysatoren, sind die gleichen, wie bei üblichen flexiblen Urethanschäunen. Gegebenenfalls kann zusätzlich ein Schaumstabilisator, ein feuerfester Zusatz usw., zugegeben werden. Beispiele für Schäummittel sind Wasser und fluorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe wie Trichlorfluormethan und Dichlordifluormethan. Beispiele für den Katalysator sind Amino-Verbindungen wie Trimethylamin, Dimethylbenzylamin, N-Ethylmorpholin, Triethylendiamin (und sein Ameisensäuresalz), Dimethylpiperazin, 1,2-Dimethylimidazol, Dimethylaminoethanol, Diethanolamin, Triethanolamin, Diethylaminoethanol, 1,8-Diazabicyclo (5,4,0) - undecen-7 (und sein Phenolsalz) und Zinnverbindungen wie Dibutylzinndilaurat und Zinnoctoat. Beispiele für die SchauMstabilisatoren sind Silikone und andere oberflächen aktiven Mittel.The isocyanate component used according to the invention is a diisocyanate which is modified with a polyethylene glycol. The polyethylene glycol has an equivalent weight of 50 to 500, preferably 300. Examples of suitable isocyanates are tolylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyphenylpolymethylene polyisocyanate and mixtures thereof. The preferred isocyanate is tolylene diisocyanate, which can exist in its isomeric 2,4-form or 2,6-form or as a mixture of the two isomeric forms. A suitable mixture of isomers contains approximately 80% 2,4-isomer and 20% 2,6-isomer, although other ratios can also be used successfully. The amount of isocyanate added should be adjusted to the remaining components present in the reaction mixture so that the isocyanate index, ie the ratio between isocyanate groups and hydroxyl groups, present in the mixture is approximately 0 , 85 to 1.25, preferably 1.00 to 1.10. Other starting materials used in the invention, such as foaming agents and catalysts, are the same as those of conventional flexible urethane foams. If necessary, a foam stabilizer, a refractory additive, etc. can also be added. Examples of foaming agents are Water and fluorinated hydrocarbons such as trichlorofluoromethane and dichlorodifluoromethane. Examples of the catalyst are amino compounds such as trimethylamine, dimethylbenzylamine, N-ethylmorpholine, triethylenediamine (and its formic acid salt), dimethylpiperazine, 1,2-dimethylimidazole, dimethylaminoethanol, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, diethylaminoethanol, 1,8-diazabicyclo (5 0) - undecen-7 (and its phenol salt) and tin compounds such as dibutyltin dilaurate and tin octoate. Examples of show stabilizers are silicones and other surface active agents.
Zur Herstellung der Polyurethanschäume aus den oben genannten AusgangsMaterialien wird keine spezielle Technik benötigt, die sich von der bekannten Herstellung von üblichen flexiblen Urethanschäumen unterscheidet. Die Zellbildung und entsprechend die Dichte des Polyurethanschaums werden reguliert, indem man auf übliche Weise die Menge an zugefügtem Wasser und anderen Treibmitteln wie Trichlorfluormethan oder Methylenchlorid einstellt. Es werden daher die Ausgangsstoffe gemäß der Erfindung in der richtigen Reihenfolge, in den geeigneten Mengen bei Raumtemperatur oder erhöhter Temperatur zusammengemischt und das erhaltene Gemisch geschäumt.No special technology is required to produce the polyurethane foams from the above-mentioned starting materials, which differs from the known manufacture of customary flexible urethane foams. The cell formation and correspondingly the density of the polyurethane foam are regulated by adjusting the amount of water and other blowing agents such as trichlorofluoromethane or methylene chloride added in the usual way. The starting materials according to the invention are therefore mixed together in the correct order, in the appropriate amounts at room temperature or elevated temperature and the mixture obtained is foamed.
Die im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung geeigneten Polyurethanschäume sollen ein Raumgewicht von 60 bis 120 kg/m3 haben. Höhere Raumgewichte sind auch möglich aber in der Herstellung unwirtschaftlich. Der Polyurethanschaum wird in Formstücke geeigneter Größe zerschnitten. Die Formstücke sind vorzugsweise kugel- oder würfelförmig und haben ein Volumen von 15 bis 1000, insbesondere 100 bis 200 ml. Diese Formstücke oder Schwämme werden dann in einer üblichen Reinigungsmaschine mit einem genügend großen Trommelinhalt mit einem Fluor- oder Chlorkohlenwasserstoff getränkt, beispielsweise mit Trichlorfluormethan, 1,1,2-Trichlor-1,2,2-trifluorethan, Tetrachlorethen oder Dichlormethan. Die Menge dieser Lösungsmittel bezogen auf die Polyurethan-Schwämme, beträgt etwa 100 bis 300%. Anschließend wird zu den so imprägnierten Schwämmen das zu reinigende Material zugegeben und man läßt dieses Material zusammen mit den Schwämmen genügend lange in der Reinigungsmaschine rotieren. Der Füllfaktor (kg Ware: Trommelvolunen) richtet sich nach der Art des zu reinigenden Materials. Bei Kurzhaar- und Halbrauchpelzen (z.B. Nerz, Waschbär) sowie bei Pelzen mit veloutierter Abseite oder Nappa]anzurichtung liegt dieser Füllfaktor bei 1:20 bis 1:30, bei Vollrauch- und Langhaarpelzen (z.B. Mongolin-Lämmer, kanadische Rotfüchse, Edelfüchse) bei 1:50 bis 1:80.The polyurethane foams suitable in the context of the present invention should have a density of 60 to 120 kg / m 3 . Higher densities are also possible but uneconomical to manufacture. The polyurethane foam is cut into shaped pieces of a suitable size. The shaped pieces are preferably spherical or cube-shaped and have a volume of 15 to 1000, in particular 100 to 200 ml. These shaped pieces or sponges are then impregnated with a sufficiently large drum content with a fluorine or chlorinated hydrocarbon, for example with trichlorofluoromethane, in a conventional cleaning machine. 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, tetrachlorethylene or dichloromethane. The amount of these solvents based on the Polyurethane sponges, is about 100 to 300%. Then the material to be cleaned is added to the impregnated sponges and this material is rotated together with the sponges in the cleaning machine for a sufficiently long time. The fill factor (kg of goods: drum volume) depends on the type of material to be cleaned. For short-haired and semi-smoked furs (e.g. mink, raccoon) and furs with velvet side or nappa], this fill factor is 1:20 to 1:30, for full-smoke and long-haired furs (e.g. Mongolin lambs, Canadian red foxes, noble foxes) 1:50 to 1:80.
Zur Verstärkung des Reinigungseffektes können mit der Ware zähharte Schwämme und zur Verbesserung des Warenausfalls können dem Lösemittel Hilfsmittel wie Reinigungsverstärker, Avivage, Glanzmittel, Hydrophobier- und Oleophobiermittel, Mottenschutz-und Rückfettungsmittel sowie Konditioniermittel zugegeben werden. Die Ware soll im Laufe der Reinigungszeit nicht mehr als 30% ihres Eigengewichtes aufnehmen. Die Reinigungszeit, während der das Behandlungsgut in der rotierenden Trommel bewegt wird, hängt vom Verschmutzungsgrad und der Art des zu reinigenden Materials ab und beträgt erfahrungsgemäß etwa 10 bis 20 Minuten. Anschließend wird die Ware abgeschleudert und die abgeschleuderte Reinigungsflotte in den Destillierbehälter bzw. in den Vorratstank abgepumpt. Daran schließt sich die Trocknung an, während der bei einer Temperatur zwischen 15 und 45°C (gemessen an Trommelausgang im Gasraum) das Lösemittel zurückgewonnen wird. Nach beendeter Trocknung können Ware und Schwämme trocken und geruchsfrei der Trommel entnommen werden. Es ist zweckmäßig, die Schwämme vor der Trocknung der Ware mit einer besonderen Vorrichtung aus der Trommel in einen Behälter abzusaugen. Die angeschmutzten Schwämme werden je nach Verschmutzungsgrad von Zeit zu Zeit in einem Lösemittelbad der Reinigungsmaschine gereinigt, so daß sie wieder verwendet werden können.To increase the cleaning effect, tough, hard sponges can be added to the product and to improve the loss of product, auxiliaries such as cleaning enhancers, softening agents, glossing agents, hydrophobizing and oleophobicizing agents, moth protection and refatting agents and conditioning agents can be added to the solvent. The goods should not absorb more than 30% of their own weight in the course of the cleaning time. The cleaning time during which the material to be treated is moved in the rotating drum depends on the degree of soiling and the type of material to be cleaned and, based on experience, is approximately 10 to 20 minutes. The goods are then spun off and the spun-off cleaning liquor is pumped off into the still or into the storage tank. This is followed by drying, during which the solvent is recovered at a temperature between 15 and 45 ° C (measured at the drum outlet in the gas space). After drying is complete, the goods and sponges can be removed from the drum dry and odorless. It is advisable to suck the sponges out of the drum into a container using a special device before drying the goods. Depending on the degree of soiling, the soiled sponges are cleaned from time to time in a solvent bath of the cleaning machine, so that they can be used again.
Während dieser Reinigungsoperation geben die Schwämme der erfindungsgemäßen Qualität auch bei unterschiedlicher Stauchung nur einen Teil des aufgesaugten Lösemittels an das Reinigungsgut ab. Diese Lösemittelmenge reicht aus, den Schmutz in der Ware zu lösen. Die Schmutzentfernung geschieht durch die Reibung des Reinigungsgutes an der Oberfläche der Lösemittel-haltigen Schwämme, die den abgelösten Schmutz aufnehmen. Durch Zugabe von Tensiden, Fettungsmitteln usw. können der Reinigungsausfall, die Geschmeidigkeit des Leders und das Aussehen des Pelzhaares verbessert werden.During this cleaning operation, the sponges of the quality according to the invention release only part of the absorbed solvent into the items to be cleaned, even with different upsetting. This amount of solvent is sufficient to loosen the dirt in the goods. The dirt is removed by rubbing the cleaning material on the surface of the solvent-containing sponges, which absorb the detached dirt. Adding surfactants, greasing agents etc. can improve cleaning failure, the suppleness of the leather and the appearance of the fur hair.
Da das Pelzwerk bei der Behandlung in einer Lösemittelflotte auch bei Zugabe von Fettungsmitteln aufgrund seiner besonderen Zurichtung zu stark entfettet wird und dabei geschädigt werden kann, muß bei der Reinigung in der Trommel ein Material zugesetzt werden, das eine besondere Affinität zu dem Lösemittel besitzt. Ein solches Material dient also als Lösemittelpuffer. Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Polyurethanschäume mit dem angegebenen Raumgewicht geben weniger als 20 % der aufgenommenen Lösemittelmenge an die zu reinigende Ware ab, dadurch wird eine Schädigung von empfindlichem Textil-und Ledermaterial durch zu starke Extraktion vermieden.Since the fur in the treatment in a solvent liquor is degreased too much due to its special dressing even when adding greasing agents and can be damaged, a material must be added when cleaning the drum that has a special affinity for the solvent. Such a material thus serves as a solvent buffer. The polyurethane foams used according to the invention with the specified density give less than 20% of the amount of solvent absorbed to the goods to be cleaned, thereby avoiding damage to sensitive textile and leather material due to excessive extraction.
Dieses Reinigungsverfahren eignet sich sowohl für Leder-und Pelzbekleidung als auch für andere Arten von Textilien, die bei der Behandlung in einem Lösemittelbad geschädigt werden. Hierzu gehören z.B. Kleidungsstücke aus Weich-PVC, dessen Weichmacher von den in der Textilreinigung verwendeten Lösemitteln weitgehend extrahiert wird, wodurch der Stoff hart, spröde und rissig wird. Weiterhin eignet sich dieses Verfahren auch für die Entfettung von Pelzfellen während des Zurichtprozesses.This cleaning process is suitable for leather and fur clothing as well as for other types of textiles that are damaged during treatment in a solvent bath. These include e.g. Garments made of soft PVC, the plasticizer of which is largely extracted from the solvents used in textile cleaning, making the fabric hard, brittle and cracked. This method is also suitable for degreasing fur skins during the dressing process.
100 Gew.-Teile einer Glycerin/Propylenoxid/Ethylenoxid-Additionsverbindung (mittleres Molekulargewicht 3500, Hydroxylzahl 47, Anteil primärer Hydroxylgruppen 20 Mol-%) wurden mit 2,5 Gew.-Teilen Wasser, 0,8 Gew.-Teilen Schaumstabilisator auf Polysiloxanbasis, 0,36 Gew.-Teilen einer Mischung aus 33 Gew.-% Triethylendiamin und 67 Gew.-% Dipropylenglykol, 0,18 Gew.-Teilen Zinn-(II)-octoat und 35 Gew.-Teilen Toluylendiisocyanat innig vermischt und in einer Papierform aufgeschäumt. Es resultiert ein typischer weichelastischer Schaumstoff mit einem Raumgewicht von 39 kg/m3.100 parts by weight of a glycerol / propylene oxide / ethylene oxide addition compound (average molecular weight 3500, hydroxyl number 47, proportion of
100 Gew.-Teile einer Glycerin-Propylenoxid-Ethylenoxid-Additionsverbindung von mittlerem Äquivalentgewicht 450 (Hydroxyzahl = 125) mit einem Anteil an primären Hydroxyl-Gruppen von 60 Mol-x, 8 Gew.-Teile 1,4-Butandiol, 0,5 Gew.-Teile Wasser, 10 Gew.-Teile Trichlorfluormethan, 0,5 Gew.-Teile Schaumstabilisator (®Tegostab B 4113 der Goldschmidt AG), 0,6 Gew.-Teile einer 33 %igen Lösung von Triethylendiamin in Dipropylenglykol, 0,05 Gew.-Teile Dibutyl-Zinn-dilaurat wurden mit einem Reaktionsprodukt aus 72 Gew.-% Toluylendiisocyanat 80/20 und 28 Gew.-% Polyethylenglykol von mittleren Molekulargewicht 600 innig vermischt und in einer vorbereiteten Papierform zur Aufschäumung gebracht. Nach Abschluß des Aufschäumens wird der Schaum in einem Ofen bei 70°C über 15 Minuten gehärtet, der abgekühlte Schaum in entsprechend kleine Teile geschnitten. Es resultiert ein offenporiger weichelastischer Schaumstoff mit einem Raumgewicht von 90 kg/M 3.100 parts by weight of a glycerol-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide addition compound of medium equivalent weight 450 (hydroxyl number = 125) with a proportion of primary hydroxyl groups of 60 mol-x, 8 parts by weight of 1,4-butanediol, 0.5 Parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of trichlorofluoromethane, 0.5 part by weight of foam stabilizer (®Tegostab B 4113 from Goldschmidt AG), 0.6 part by weight of a 33% solution of triethylenediamine in dipropylene glycol, 0. 05 parts by weight of dibutyl tin dilaurate were intimately mixed with a reaction product of 72% by
Weitere erfindungsgemäße Schwämme von unterschiedlicher Stauchhärte können gemäß folgender Beispiele 3 bis 6 hergestellt werden, wobei in gleicher Weise wie bei Beispiel 2 gearbeitet wurde. Die in Tabelle 1 zusammengefaßten Rezepturen basieren auf folgenden Rohstoffen:
- A = Verzweigtes Polyol der OH-Zahl 75 mit Handelsnamen Tercarol L 200 (Lieferant Carbochim, B - 7340 Tertre)
- B = 1,4-Butandiol
- C = Glycerin
- D = Wasser
- E = 33 %ige Lösung von Triethylendiamin in Dipropylenglykol
- F = (R)Tegostab B 4113 (Lieferant Goldschmidt AG, D - 4200 Essen)
- G = Dibutylzinndilaurat
- H = Dibutylzinndiversatat
- K = Trichlorfluormethan
- L = Reaktionsprodukt aus 72 Gew.-
% Toluylendiisocyanat 80/20 und 28 Gew.-% Polyethylenglykol vom mittleren Molekulargewicht 600
- A = branched polyol of OH number 75 with trade name Tercarol L 200 (supplier Carbochim, B - 7340 Tertre)
- B = 1,4-butanediol
- C = glycerin
- D = water
- E = 33% solution of triethylenediamine in dipropylene glycol
- F = (R) Tegostab B 4113 (supplier Goldschmidt AG, D - 4200 Essen)
- G = dibutyltin dilaurate
- H = dibutyltin diverse
- K = trichlorofluoromethane
- L = reaction product of 72% by
weight tolylene diisocyanate 80/20 and 28% by weight polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 600
In der folgenden Tabelle 2 wird gezeigt, daß je nach Rezeptur ein unterschiedlich hoher "Verformungsdruck" der Schwämme resultiert, was sich aus den Meßwerten der Stauchhärte von 10 bis 50 % Verformung zeigt. Je nach Art des zu reinigenden Materials kann die entsprechende Schaunhärte gewählt werden, wobei zur Erreichung des Reinigungseffektes sich die Schwämme bis zu 50 % verformen dürfen. Der progressive Verformungsdruck von 10 % auf 50 % ist dabei von Vorteil
- - einmal für die schonende Reinigungswirkung bei Reibung und geringer Verformung
- - zum anderen für die Belastbarkeit der Schwämme ohne deren vollständige Zusammendrückung, was den Austritt des Lösemittels aus den Schwämmen zur Folge hätte.
- - once for the gentle cleaning effect with friction and low deformation
- - on the other hand for the resilience of the sponges without their complete compression, which would result in the solvent escaping from the sponges.
Im Gegensatz zu den erfindungsgemäßen Schäumen ist der normale Polyurethan-Weichschaum gemäß Beispiel 1 kaum progressiv hinsichtlich des Verformungsdruckes, denn schon im Lastbereich von 10 % Verformung, bei der die Reinigungswirkung durch die Reibungskräfte beginnen kann, ist auch eine Verformung von 50 % möglich, was den Austritt von Lösemittel aus dem Schwamm begünstigen würde und schädlich wäre für das Reinigungsgut.
Die besondere Eignung des Polyurethan-Schaumstoffs mit dem angegebenen Raumgewicht für die Reinigung von Pelzen soll an folgendem Versuch demonstriert werden. Drei verschiedene Materialien wurden auf ihre Affinität zu den Lösemitteln Trichlorfluormethan (Figur 1), 1,1,2-Trichlor-1,2,2-trifluorethan (Figur 2) und Tetrachlorethen (Figur 3) untersucht:
- 1. Sägemehl in der Qualität, wie es zum Läuterungsverfahren für die Pelzreinigung verwendet wird.
- 2. Typischer Polyurethan-Weichschaum, hergestellt gemäß Beispiel 1 (Vergleichsbeispiel),
- 3. Offenzelliger Polyurethan-Weichschaum, hergestellt gemäß Beispiel 2 (erfindungsgemäßer Schaum).
- 1. Sawdust of the quality used for the fur cleaning process.
- 2. Typical flexible polyurethane foam, produced according to Example 1 (comparative example),
- 3. Open-celled flexible polyurethane foam, produced according to Example 2 (foam according to the invention).
Die Verteilung der Lösemittel zwischen diesen Trägermaterialien und Pelz wurde im (R)Linitest mit Hochtemperatur-Einsatzbehältern folgendermaßen untersucht:
- 1. Versuchsmaterial 1/2 Stunde im Trockenschrank bei 20°C trocknen und 1/2 Stunde im Exsikkator abkühlen.
- 2. Pelzstückchen aus Persianerfell mit den Abmessungen von 5 x 5 cm und
ein Säckchen mit 10 Stahlkugeln in verschraubbaren Linitest-Becher legen. - 3. Schwämme mit einer Kantenlänge von 5 x 2,5 x 1,5 cm (Volumen 18,75 cm3) bzw. 8 cm3 Sägemehl in einem Baumwollsäckchen mit dem betreffenden Lösemittel tränken.
- 4.
Lösemittel 10 Sekunden ablaufen lassen, Schwämme bzw. Säckchen mit Sägemehl wiegen. Beim Sägemehl das Gewicht des trocknen bzw. nassen Säckchens später abziehen. - 5. 10 Schwämme sowie Säckchen getrennt nach Qualität mit den Pelzstücken und den Stahlkugeln im
Säckchen im Linitest 10 Minuten rotieren lassen. - 6. Nach 10 Minuten Schwämme bzw. Sägenehlsäckchen und die Pelzstückchen einzeln herausnehmen und wiegen.
- 7.
Versuche mit 20 und 30 Minuten Behandlungszeit wiederholen.
- 1. Dry the test material in the drying cabinet at 20 ° C for 1/2 hour and cool in the desiccator for 1/2 hour.
- 2. Place pieces of Persian fur with the dimensions of 5 x 5 cm and a sachet with 10 steel balls in a screwable Linitest cup.
- 3. Soak sponges with an edge length of 5 x 2.5 x 1.5 cm (volume 18.75 cm 3 ) b between 8 cm 3 sawdust in a cotton bag with the solvent in question.
- 4. Let the solvent run off for 10 seconds, weigh sponges or sachets with sawdust. With sawdust, remove the weight of the dry or wet bag later.
- 5. Rotate 10 sponges and sachets, separated by quality, with the fur pieces and the steel balls in the sachet in the Linitest for 10 minutes.
- 6. After 10 minutes, take out sponges or saw dust bags and the fur pieces individually and weigh.
- 7. Repeat tests with 20 and 30 minutes treatment time.
Die hierbei erhaltenen Werte sind in den Diagrammen der Figuren 1-3 wiedergegeben. Die Kurven S1, S2 und S3 stellen die prozentualen Restmengen an Lösemittel dar, wie sie bei den Trägersubstanzen PUR-Schaum nach Beispiel 1 (S1), PUR-Schaum nach Beispiel 2 (S2) und Sägemehl (S3) gemessen wurden. Die Kurven P , P2 und P3 zeigen die entsprechenden Restmengen in dem Pelz. Je mehr die entsprechenden Kurvenpaare von Trägersubstanzen und Pelz sich annähern, desto größer ist der Lösemittelaustausch gewesen. So findet bei Tetrachlorethen zwischen Sägemehl und Pelz der nicht gewünschte Lösemittelausgleich statt, d.h. die Kurven S3 und P3 schneiden sich vor Ablauf von 30 Minuten (siehe Figur 3). Dagegen nimmt der Pelz in Gegenwart des erfindungsgemäßen Schaumes gemäß Beispiel 2 bei den beiden Fluorkohlenwasserstoffen nicht mehr als 10 % (siehe Figur 1 und 2) und bei Tetrachlorethen nicht mehr als 20 % der gesamten Lösemittelmenge auf (siehe Figur 3). Alle drei Diagramme zeigen deutlich, daß der Abstand der Kurvenpaare S1 und P1 am größten ist. Der Lösemittelaustausch zwischen dem Polyurethanschaum gemäß Beispiel 1 und dem Pelz liegt zwischen den Werten für den erfindungsgemäßen Schaum, der nur geringe Mengen an Lösemittel abgibt, und den Werten für das Sägemehl. Die Kurvenpaare S2 und P2 zeigen in allen drei Diagrammen, daß der Pelz in Gegenwart des Polyurethanschaumes gemäß Beispiel 1 mehr als 20 % der gesamten Lösemittelmenge aufnimmt. Diese Versuche zeigen, daß die Polyurethan-Schaumstoffe mit dem höheren Raumgewicht, wie sie erfindungsgemäß verwendet werden, den überwiegenden Anteil des aufgenommenen Lösemittels nicht an die Pelzstücke abgeben, während die Lösemittelretention von typischen Weichschaumschwämmen (gemäß Beispiel 1) und von Sägemehl wesentlich geringer ist.The values obtained here are shown in the diagrams in FIGS. 1-3. The curves S 1 , S 2 and S 3 represent the percentage residual amounts of solvent, such as those used for the carrier substances PUR foam according to Example 1 (S 1 ), PUR foam according to Example 2 (S 2 ) and sawdust (S 3 ) were measured. Curves P, P 2 and P 3 show the corresponding residual amounts in the fur. The closer the corresponding pairs of curves of carrier substances and fur approach, the greater the solvent exchange. In the case of tetrachlorethylene between sawdust and fur, the undesired solvent compensation takes place, ie the curves S 3 and P 3 intersect before 30 minutes have elapsed (see Figure 3). In contrast, in the presence of the foam according to the invention according to Example 2, the fur does not absorb more than 10% of the two fluorocarbons (see FIGS. 1 and 2) and not more than 20% of the total amount of solvent in the case of tetrachloroethene (see FIG. 3). All three diagrams clearly show that the distance between the curve pairs S 1 and P 1 is greatest. The solvent exchange between the polyurethane foam according to Example 1 and the fur lies between the values for the foam according to the invention, which releases only small amounts of solvent, and the values for the sawdust. The curve pairs S2 and P2 show in all three diagrams that the fur absorbs more than 20% of the total amount of solvent in the presence of the polyurethane foam according to Example 1. These experiments show that the polyurethane foams with the higher density, as used according to the invention, do not release the predominant proportion of the solvent taken up to the fur pieces, while the solvent retention of typical soft foam sponges (according to Example 1) and of sawdust is considerably lower.
Schwämme der beiden zu prüfenden Schaumstoff-Qualitäten wurden sowohl unter Praxisbedingungen als auch im Labormaßstab auf Abriebfestigkeit geprüft. Beim Praxistest wurden Schwämme in Würfelform mit einer Kantenlänge von 5 cm 12 mal in einer FKW-Reinigungsmaschine gereinigt. Die Reinigungszeit betrug pro Behandlung 12 Minuten. Je 10 Schwämme pro Qualität wurden außerdem mit FKW 113 und einem Säckchen mit 10 Stahlkugeln im Linitest 5 Stunden bewegt. Die Abriebfestigkeit des Schaumes gemäß Beispiel 2 war besser als die des Schaumes gemäß Beispiel 1.Sponges of the two foam qualities to be tested were tested for abrasion resistance both under practical conditions and on a laboratory scale. In the practical test, sponges in the shape of a cube with an edge length of 5 cm were cleaned 12 times in a HFC cleaning machine. The cleaning time was 12 minutes per treatment. 10 sponges per quality were also moved with FKW 113 and a bag with 10 steel balls in the Linitest for 5 hours. The abrasion resistance of the foam according to Example 2 was better than that of the foam according to Example 1.
In eine Reinigungsmaschine mit einem Trommelinhalt von etwa 1000 1 wurden 15 kg Schwämme mit einem Durchmesser von 5 cm,hergestellt nach Beispiel 2, geschüttet. Anschließend wurde nach Schließen der Ladetür Lösemittel über Düsen in die Trommel eingesprüht. Das Gewicht des aufgenommenen Lösemittels war etwa 2-mal so groß wie das Gewicht der Schwämme. Danach wurde die Ladetür ncchmal geöffnet und bei eingeschalteter Trommelabsaugung die Pelzbekleidung(40 kc)in die Trommel eingelegt. Der Füllfaktor (kg Ware : 1 Trommelvolumen) betrug 1 : 25. Die Reinigungszeit betrug 10 bis 20 Minuten. Anschließend wurde die Pelzbekleidung abgeschleudert und die abgeschleuderte Reinigungsflotte in den Destillierbehälter bzw. in den Vorratstank abgepumpt. Daran schließe sich die Trocknung an, während der bei einer Temperatur zwischen 15 und 45°C (gemessen am Trommelausgang im Gasraum) das Lösemittel zurückgewonnen wurde. Nach beendeter Trocknung wurden Pelzbekleidung und Schwämme trocken und geruchsfrei der Trommel entnommen.15 kg sponges with a diameter of 5 cm, produced according to Example 2, were poured into a cleaning machine with a drum content of approximately 1000 l. After closing the loading door, solvents were sprayed into the drum via nozzles. The weight of the solvent absorbed was about twice the weight of the sponges. Then the loading door was opened several times and the fur clothing (40 kc) was placed in the drum with the drum suction switched on. The fill factor (kg goods: 1 drum volume) was 1:25. The cleaning time was 10 to 20 minutes. The fur clothing was then spun off and the spun-off cleaning liquor was pumped off into the still or into the storage tank. This is followed by drying, during which the solvent was recovered at a temperature between 15 and 45 ° C (measured at the drum outlet in the gas space). After drying was completed, fur clothing and sponges were removed from the drum dry and odorless.
In eine Reinigungsmaschine mit einem Trommelinhalt von etwa 500 1 wurden 8 kg Schwämme mit einem Durchmesser von 5 cm,hergestellt nach Beispiel 2, geschüttet. Anschließend wurde nach Schließen der Ladetür Lösemittel über Düsen in die Trommel eingesprüht. Das Gewicht des aufgenommenen Lösemittels war etwa 2-mal so groß wie das Gewicht der Schwämme. Danach wurde die Ladetür nochmal geöffnet und bei eingeschalteter Trommelabsaugung die Kleidungsstücke aus PVC-Kunstleder in die Trommel eingelegt. Der Füllfaktor (kg Ware : 1 Trommelvolumen) betrug etwa 1 : 25 Zur Verstärkung des Reinigungseffektes wurden mit dem Behandlungsgut hartzähe Schwämme zugegeben. Das Behandlungsgut soll im Laufe der Reinigungszeit nicht mehr als 30 % ihres Eigengewichtes aufnehmen. Im übrigen wurde gearbeitet wie in den vorhergehenden Beispiel für die Pelzreinigung angegeben.8 kg sponges with a diameter of 5 cm, produced according to Example 2, were poured into a cleaning machine with a drum content of approximately 500 l. After closing the loading door, solvents were sprayed into the drum via nozzles. The weight of the solvent absorbed was about twice the weight of the sponges. Then the loading door was opened again and the clothes made of PVC synthetic leather were inserted into the drum with the drum suction switched on. The filling factor (kg goods: 1 drum volume) was about 1:25. To increase the cleaning effect, hard-tough sponges were added to the material to be treated. The material to be treated should be in the course of cleaning not take up more than 30% of their own weight. The rest of the procedure was as described in the previous example for fur cleaning.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86108982T ATE62031T1 (en) | 1985-07-10 | 1986-07-02 | METHOD OF CLEANING FURS AND LEATHER. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853524534 DE3524534A1 (en) | 1985-07-10 | 1985-07-10 | METHOD FOR CLEANING FURS AND LEATHER |
DE3524534 | 1985-07-10 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0208989A2 true EP0208989A2 (en) | 1987-01-21 |
EP0208989A3 EP0208989A3 (en) | 1989-02-08 |
EP0208989B1 EP0208989B1 (en) | 1991-03-27 |
Family
ID=6275346
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86108982A Expired - Lifetime EP0208989B1 (en) | 1985-07-10 | 1986-07-02 | Process for cleaning furs and leather |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0208989B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6215378A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE62031T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8603215A (en) |
DE (2) | DE3524534A1 (en) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2038909A1 (en) * | 1991-09-25 | 1993-08-01 | Gonzalez Hernandez Adelaido | A process for obtaining an air-freshening and cleansing product. |
US5591236A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1997-01-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Polyacrylate emulsified water/solvent fabric cleaning compositions and methods of using same |
WO1997000939A1 (en) * | 1995-06-20 | 1997-01-09 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Spherical or polyhedral dry cleaning articles |
US5630848A (en) * | 1995-05-25 | 1997-05-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dry cleaning process with hydroentangled carrier substrate |
US5630847A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1997-05-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Perfumable dry cleaning and spot removal process |
US5632780A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1997-05-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dry cleaning and spot removal proces |
US5804548A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1998-09-08 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dry cleaning process and kit |
US5840675A (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1998-11-24 | The Procter And Gamble Company | Controlled released fabric care article |
US5849039A (en) * | 1997-01-17 | 1998-12-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Spot removal process |
US5872090A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 1999-02-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Stain removal with bleach |
US5891197A (en) * | 1996-08-02 | 1999-04-06 | The Proctor & Gamble Company | Stain receiver for dry cleaning process |
US5912408A (en) * | 1995-06-20 | 1999-06-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dry cleaning with enzymes |
US6233771B1 (en) | 1996-01-26 | 2001-05-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Stain removal device |
WO2003033745A1 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-04-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Soil removal methods and devices employed therein for leather articles |
RU2591614C1 (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2016-07-20 | Дмитрий Николаевич Дегтярёв | Napkin for cleaning and rehabilitation of care of apparel-fancy articles made from natural leather and fur or method of producing napkin for cleaning and rehabilitation care of apparel-fancy articles made from natural fur or leather |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007029485B4 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2010-06-17 | D'heureuse, Hans-Joachim | Process for cleaning in particular sensitive cleaning goods |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB939478A (en) * | 1962-04-03 | 1963-10-16 | Werner Hermann Kreidl | Cleaning agent |
FR2015972A1 (en) * | 1968-08-20 | 1970-04-30 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Cleaner for furnishing fabrics incorporates pulverised - foam of a plastics material |
FR2163692A1 (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1973-07-27 | Du Pont | |
FR2240287A1 (en) * | 1973-08-08 | 1975-03-07 | Liem Ets | Particulate cleaner for carpets and fabrics - comprising solvent and detergent absorbed on pref. open cell plastics foam |
-
1985
- 1985-07-10 DE DE19853524534 patent/DE3524534A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-07-02 EP EP86108982A patent/EP0208989B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-07-02 DE DE8686108982T patent/DE3678346D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-07-02 AT AT86108982T patent/ATE62031T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-07-09 BR BR8603215A patent/BR8603215A/en unknown
- 1986-07-09 JP JP61159892A patent/JPS6215378A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB939478A (en) * | 1962-04-03 | 1963-10-16 | Werner Hermann Kreidl | Cleaning agent |
FR2015972A1 (en) * | 1968-08-20 | 1970-04-30 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Cleaner for furnishing fabrics incorporates pulverised - foam of a plastics material |
FR2163692A1 (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1973-07-27 | Du Pont | |
FR2240287A1 (en) * | 1973-08-08 | 1975-03-07 | Liem Ets | Particulate cleaner for carpets and fabrics - comprising solvent and detergent absorbed on pref. open cell plastics foam |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
SEIFEN, ÖLE, FETTE, WACHSE, Band 109, Nr. 14, September 1983, Seite 414, Augsburg, (DE) * |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2038909A1 (en) * | 1991-09-25 | 1993-08-01 | Gonzalez Hernandez Adelaido | A process for obtaining an air-freshening and cleansing product. |
US5804548A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1998-09-08 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dry cleaning process and kit |
US5591236A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1997-01-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Polyacrylate emulsified water/solvent fabric cleaning compositions and methods of using same |
US5630847A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1997-05-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Perfumable dry cleaning and spot removal process |
US5632780A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1997-05-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dry cleaning and spot removal proces |
US5630848A (en) * | 1995-05-25 | 1997-05-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dry cleaning process with hydroentangled carrier substrate |
US5912408A (en) * | 1995-06-20 | 1999-06-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dry cleaning with enzymes |
US5687591A (en) * | 1995-06-20 | 1997-11-18 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Spherical or polyhedral dry cleaning articles |
WO1997000939A1 (en) * | 1995-06-20 | 1997-01-09 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Spherical or polyhedral dry cleaning articles |
US6233771B1 (en) | 1996-01-26 | 2001-05-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Stain removal device |
US5840675A (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1998-11-24 | The Procter And Gamble Company | Controlled released fabric care article |
US5891197A (en) * | 1996-08-02 | 1999-04-06 | The Proctor & Gamble Company | Stain receiver for dry cleaning process |
US5872090A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 1999-02-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Stain removal with bleach |
US5849039A (en) * | 1997-01-17 | 1998-12-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Spot removal process |
WO2003033745A1 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-04-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Soil removal methods and devices employed therein for leather articles |
RU2591614C1 (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2016-07-20 | Дмитрий Николаевич Дегтярёв | Napkin for cleaning and rehabilitation of care of apparel-fancy articles made from natural leather and fur or method of producing napkin for cleaning and rehabilitation care of apparel-fancy articles made from natural fur or leather |
WO2017026910A1 (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2017-02-16 | Дмитрий Николаевич ДЕГТЯРЁВ | Wipe for caring for products made of natural fur or leather |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0208989A3 (en) | 1989-02-08 |
DE3524534A1 (en) | 1987-01-22 |
ATE62031T1 (en) | 1991-04-15 |
BR8603215A (en) | 1987-02-24 |
EP0208989B1 (en) | 1991-03-27 |
DE3678346D1 (en) | 1991-05-02 |
JPS6215378A (en) | 1987-01-23 |
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