EP0207929A1 - Electric furnace, in particular a plasma furnace - Google Patents

Electric furnace, in particular a plasma furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0207929A1
EP0207929A1 EP86890170A EP86890170A EP0207929A1 EP 0207929 A1 EP0207929 A1 EP 0207929A1 EP 86890170 A EP86890170 A EP 86890170A EP 86890170 A EP86890170 A EP 86890170A EP 0207929 A1 EP0207929 A1 EP 0207929A1
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Prior art keywords
electrode
bearing
hand
electric furnace
furnace
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EP86890170A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Hubweber
Maximilian Ing. Mayringer
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Voestalpine AG
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Voestalpine AG
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Publication of EP0207929A1 publication Critical patent/EP0207929A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/10—Mountings, supports, terminals or arrangements for feeding or guiding electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric furnace, in particular a plasma furnace, with an electrode that is axially displaceable and pivotable in an electrode holder, in particular a plasma torch.
  • a plasma furnace of this type is known from DE-A - 2 207 048.
  • the electrode has an axis inclined to the vertical and is inserted in a cylinder liner that is rotatable with respect to the furnace, as a result of which the axis of the electrode is moved along a cone shell when the cylinder liner is rotated.
  • a piston rod of a pressure medium cylinder engages at the upper outer end of the electrode with the interposition of a pull rod articulated on the electrode by means of universal joints, whereby the electrode can be raised and lowered relative to the cylinder liner.
  • This known electric furnace has the disadvantage that it requires a relatively large overall height and requires a large free space above the furnace vessel. Furthermore, the electrode can only be moved along a cone with a predetermined opening angle, which cannot be changed, so that when the electrode is positioned at a certain height, the electrode mouthpiece can only be moved along a circle with a very specific diameter.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an electric furnace of the type described above, in which the electrode has the greatest possible freedom of movement and local overheating of the material to be heated or melted can be reliably avoided.
  • the electric furnace according to the invention the most uniform possible heat input should be possible over a large part of the surface of the material. Furthermore, the electric furnace should be compact and have a low overall height.
  • the electrode on the electrode holder is movably supported on all sides by means of a spherical bearing, the electrode being axially displaceably guided in the bearing and displaceable relative to the bearing by means of at least one adjusting device acting on the one hand on the bearing and on the other hand on the electrode wherein at least two adjusting devices, viewed in the axial direction of the electrode, are articulated on the one hand on the electrode holder and on the other hand on the bearing.
  • a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the spherical bearing is designed as a ball joint, the ball of which is extended in the axial direction of the electrode with a sleeve surrounding the electrode over part of its length, on the one hand the adjusting device for the axial displacement of the electrode and on the other hand the adjusting devices attack to pivot the bearing.
  • the electrode is guided in the lid of the furnace, i.e. in other words, the lid of the furnace acts as an electrode holder.
  • the bottom electrode is expediently arranged at the deepest point of a trough-shaped depression in the bottom, the trough-shaped depression advantageously having a depth relative to the rest of the bottom, which is approximately the same as the maximum bath depth of the bath measured from the floor.
  • the bearing is expediently secured against rotation about the axis of the electrode by means of an anti-rotation device on the electrode holder, in particular by means of a holder rigidly mounted on the bearing and movably supported on the electrode holder.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section through an illustrated schematically Plas "maofen and F ig. 2 shows a section according to line II-II of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a view in the direction of arrow III of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment in a representation analogous to FIG.
  • An opening 5 is provided centrally in the cover 4, through which a water-cooled electrode 7, etc., mounted on an electrode holder 6 positioned just above the cover 4 a plasma torch that protrudes into the furnace interior 8.
  • the electrode 7 is guided in a guide sleeve 9 in the direction of its axis 10.
  • the guide sleeve 9 has at its lower end a spherical bearing part 11 which is on the electrode holder 6 in a horizon valley divisible spherical pan 12 is pivotally mounted on all sides.
  • the electrode 7 can be inclined in any desired angular position with respect to the vertical.
  • two serve in plan an angle of preferably 90 0 inclusive and as a pressure medium cylinder 13, 14 trained actuators, which are articulated on the one hand to the electrode holder 6 and the other at a vertical distance therefrom at the upper end of the guide sleeve.
  • a fork-shaped anti-twist device 19 which extends radially outward, is arranged on the guide sleeve 9, into which a pin 20 fixed on the electrode holder 6 engages.
  • the furnace vessel 3 has a bottom 22 provided with a central trough-shaped depression 21, a bottom electrode (anode) 23 being arranged at the deepest point of the depression 21.
  • the spherical depression 21 has a depth 24, which is approximately equal to the maximum bath depth 25 of the bath 26, measured from the approximately horizontal bottom 22, compared to the rest of the approximately horizontal bottom 22.
  • the arrangement of the bottom electrode 23 in the central depression 21 results in the depth with increasing deflection of the electrode 7, the current path, which becomes longer, is lengthened by a smaller amount than in the case of a base 22 without a depression 21, as a result of which the voltage drop in the bath 26 resulting from the extended current path is kept lower can be as with a floor without a recessed arrangement of the anode.
  • the electrode 7 can then be pulled out of the guide sleeve 9.
  • the guide sleeve 9 with its spherical bearing part 11 is arranged directly on the cover 4 of the plasma furnace 1. Furthermore, the electrode 7 'according to FIG. 4 has a mouthpiece 27 with a larger diameter than the shaft 28 of the electrode 7'.
  • a sliding body 29 is inserted into the guide sleeve 9 and fixed to the guide sleeve 9 by means of quick-release devices 30. To change the electrode 7 ', it is sufficient to loosen the quick release devices 30 and to pull the electrode 7' together with the sliding body 29 out of the guide sleeve.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown, but can be modified in various ways.
  • the pressure medium cylinder 13, 14 and / or 15, 16 can also set another adjusting device, such as e.g. a threaded spindle can be used.
  • another adjusting device such as e.g. a threaded spindle can be used.
  • several (for example three) electrodes can also be provided, which can be pivoted independently of one another.
  • the invention is suitable not only for plasma torches, but also for conventional electrodes.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

Um bei einem Elektroofen (1) mit einer in einer Elektrodenhalterung (6) axial verschiebbaren und verschwenkbaren Elektrode (7) eine molichst große Bewegungsfreiheit der Elektrode (7) zu gewährleisten und so eine örtliche Überhitzung des zu erwärmenden bzw. zu schmelzenden Materials zuverlässig zu vermeiden und um weiters den Ofen kompakt und mit einer niedrigen Bauhöhe ausbilden zu können, ist die Elektrode (7) an der Elektrodenhalterung (6) mittels eines sphärischen Lagers (11) allseits beweglich gelagert, wobei die Elektrode (7) im Lager (9, 11) axial verschiebbar geführt und mittels mindestens einer einerseits am Lager (9, 11) und andererseits an der Elektrode (7) angreifenden Stelleinrichtung (15, 16) gegenüber dem Lager (9, 11) verschiebbar ist und wobei weiters mindestens zwei in Achsrichtung der Elektrode (7) gesehen im Winkel zueinander gerichtete Stelleinrichtungen (13) einerseits an der Elektrodenhalterung (6) und andererseits am Lager (9, 11) angelenkt sind.In order to ensure the greatest possible freedom of movement of the electrode (7) in an electric furnace (1) with an electrode (7) which can be axially displaced and pivoted in an electrode holder (6) and thus reliably prevents local overheating of the material to be heated or melted and in order to be able to design the furnace compactly and with a low overall height, the electrode (7) on the electrode holder (6) is movably supported on all sides by means of a spherical bearing (11), the electrode (7) in the bearing (9, 11 ) axially displaceable and displaceable by means of at least one adjusting device (15, 16) engaging on the one hand on the bearing (9, 11) and on the other hand on the electrode (7) relative to the bearing (9, 11) and furthermore at least two in the axial direction of the electrode (7) seen at an angle to each other adjusting devices (13) are articulated on the one hand on the electrode holder (6) and on the other hand on the bearing (9, 11).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Elektroofen, insbesondere Plasmaofen, mit einer in einer Elektrodenhalterung axial verschiebbaren und verschwenkbaren Elektrode, insbesondere einem Plasmabrenner.The invention relates to an electric furnace, in particular a plasma furnace, with an electrode that is axially displaceable and pivotable in an electrode holder, in particular a plasma torch.

Ein Plasmaofen dieser Art ist aus der DE-A - 2 207 048 bekannt. Die Elektrode weist bei diesem Elektroofen eine zur Vertikalen geneigte Achse auf und ist in einer gegenüber dem Ofen drehbaren Zylinderbüchse eingesetzt, wodurch die Achse der Elektrode bei Drehen der Zylinderbüchse entlang eines Kegelmantels bewegt wird. Am oberen äußeren Ende der Elektrode greift unter Zwischenschaltung einer mittels Kreuzgelenken an der Elektrode angelenkten Zugstange eine Kolbenstange eines Druckmittelzylinders an, wodurch die Elektrode gegenüber der Zylinderbüchse gehoben und gesenkt werden kann.A plasma furnace of this type is known from DE-A - 2 207 048. In this electric furnace, the electrode has an axis inclined to the vertical and is inserted in a cylinder liner that is rotatable with respect to the furnace, as a result of which the axis of the electrode is moved along a cone shell when the cylinder liner is rotated. A piston rod of a pressure medium cylinder engages at the upper outer end of the electrode with the interposition of a pull rod articulated on the electrode by means of universal joints, whereby the electrode can be raised and lowered relative to the cylinder liner.

Dieser bekannte Elektroofen weist den Nachteil auf, daß er eine relativ große Bauhöhe bedingt und einen großen freien Raum oberhalb des Ofengefäßes erfordert. Weiters ist die Elektrode nur entlang eines Kegels mit einem vorbestimmten Öffnungswinkel, der unveränderbar ist, bewegbar, so daß das Elektrodenmundstück bei Positionierung der Elektrode in einer bestimmten Höhe nur entlang eines Kreises mit einem ganz bestimmten Durchmesser bewegt werden kann.This known electric furnace has the disadvantage that it requires a relatively large overall height and requires a large free space above the furnace vessel. Furthermore, the electrode can only be moved along a cone with a predetermined opening angle, which cannot be changed, so that when the electrode is positioned at a certain height, the electrode mouthpiece can only be moved along a circle with a very specific diameter.

Da die Wärmeeinbringung in das zu erwärmende bzw. zu schmelzende Material an den Stellen erfolgt, an denen der Lichtbogen auf das Material auftrifft, kann es, falls die Elektrode nicht genügend Bewegungsfreiheit gegenüber dem zu erwärmenden bzw. schmelzenden Material aufweist, zu einer unerwünschten örtlichen Überhitzung des erschmolzenen Materials kommen.Since the heat is introduced into the material to be heated or melted at the points where the arc strikes the material, if the electrode does not have sufficient freedom of movement relative to the material to be heated or melted, undesirable local overheating can occur of the melted material.

Die Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe, einen Elektroofen der eingangs beschriebenen Art zu schaffen, bei dem die Elektrode eine möglichst große Bewegungsfreiheit aufweist und örtliche Überhitzungen des zu erwärmenden bzw. zu schmelzenden Materials zuverlässig vermeidbar sind. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Elektroofen soll eine möglichst gleichmäßige Wärmeeinbringung über einen Großteil der Oberfläche des Materials möglich sein. Weiters soll der Elektroofen kompakt sein und eine niedrige Bauhöhe aufweisen.The invention has for its object to provide an electric furnace of the type described above, in which the electrode has the greatest possible freedom of movement and local overheating of the material to be heated or melted can be reliably avoided. With the electric furnace according to the invention, the most uniform possible heat input should be possible over a large part of the surface of the material. Furthermore, the electric furnace should be compact and have a low overall height.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Elektrode an der Elektrodenhalterung mittels eines sphärischen Lagers allseits beweglich gelagert ist, wobei die Elektrode im Lager axial verschiebbar geführt und mittels mindestens einer einerseits am Lager und andererseits an der Elektrode angreifenden Stelleinrichtung gegenüber dem Lager verschiebbar ist und wobei weiters mindestens zwei in Achsrichtung der Elektrode gesehen im Winkel zueinander gerichtete Stelleinrichtungen einerseits an der Elektrodenhalterung und andererseits am Lager angelenkt sind.This object is achieved in that the electrode on the electrode holder is movably supported on all sides by means of a spherical bearing, the electrode being axially displaceably guided in the bearing and displaceable relative to the bearing by means of at least one adjusting device acting on the one hand on the bearing and on the other hand on the electrode wherein at least two adjusting devices, viewed in the axial direction of the electrode, are articulated on the one hand on the electrode holder and on the other hand on the bearing.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das sphärische Lager als Kugelgelenk ausgebildet ist, dessen Kugel in Achsrichtung der Elektrode mit einer die Elektrode über einen Teil ihrer Länge umgebenden Hülse verlängert ausgebildet ist, an der einerseits die Stelleinrichtung zur Axialverschiebung der Elektrode und andererseits die Stelleinrichtungen zur Verschwenkung des Lagers angreifen.A preferred embodiment is characterized in that the spherical bearing is designed as a ball joint, the ball of which is extended in the axial direction of the electrode with a sleeve surrounding the electrode over part of its length, on the one hand the adjusting device for the axial displacement of the electrode and on the other hand the adjusting devices attack to pivot the bearing.

Vorzugsweise ist die Elektrode im Deckel des Ofens geführt, d.h. mit anderen Worten, daß der Deckel des Ofens als Elektrodenhalterung fungiert.Preferably the electrode is guided in the lid of the furnace, i.e. in other words, the lid of the furnace acts as an electrode holder.

Zur Kompensierung des mit zunehmender Elektrodenauslenkung länger werdenden Strompfades von der Kathode zu einer Bodenelektrode des Elektroofens (und zur Vermeidung des daraus resultierenden Spannungsabfalles im Bad) ist zweckmäßig die Bodenelektrode an der tiefsten Stelle einer muldenförmigen Vertiefung des Bodens angeordnet, wobei vorteilhaft die muldenförmige Vertiefung gegenüber dem übrigen Boden eine Tiefe aufweist, die etwa gleich ist der maximalen Badtiefe des Bades gemessen vom Boden.To compensate for the increasing electrode deflection The longer current path from the cathode to a bottom electrode of the electric furnace (and to avoid the resulting voltage drop in the bathroom), the bottom electrode is expediently arranged at the deepest point of a trough-shaped depression in the bottom, the trough-shaped depression advantageously having a depth relative to the rest of the bottom, which is approximately the same as the maximum bath depth of the bath measured from the floor.

Um die Stromzufuhrkabel von Torsionsbeanspruchungen frei zu halten, ist zweckmäßig das Lager mittels einer Verdrehsicherung an der Elektrodenhalterung gegen Verdrehen um die Achse der Elektrode, insbesondere mittels einer an dem Lager starr montierten Halterung, die an der Elektrodenhalterung beweglich abgestützt ist, gesichert.In order to keep the power supply cable free from torsional stresses, the bearing is expediently secured against rotation about the axis of the electrode by means of an anti-rotation device on the electrode holder, in particular by means of a holder rigidly mounted on the bearing and movably supported on the electrode holder.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung an zwei Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch einen schematisch dargestellten Plas" maofen und Fig. 2 einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie II-II der Fig. 1. Fig. 3 stellt eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles III der Fig. 2 dar. Fig. 4 zeigt in zu Fig. 2 analoger Darstellung eine weitere Ausführungsform.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of two exemplary embodiments. Here, Fig. 1 shows a section through an illustrated schematically Plas "maofen and F ig. 2 shows a section according to line II-II of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view in the direction of arrow III of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment in a representation analogous to FIG.

Ein Plasmaofen 1 weist ein mit einer feuerfesten Auskleidung 2 versehenes Ofengefäß 3 auf und ist von einem Deckel 4 bedeckt. Im Deckel 4 ist zentral eine Öffnung 5 vorgesehen, durch die eine an einer knapp oberhalb des Deckels 4 in Stellung gebrachten Elektrodenhalterung 6 gelagerte, wassergekühlte Elektrode 7, u.zw. ein Plasmabrenner, in den Ofeninnenraum 8 ragt.A P lasmaofen 1, a provided with a refractory lining 2 furnace vessel 3 and is covered by a lid. 4 An opening 5 is provided centrally in the cover 4, through which a water-cooled electrode 7, etc., mounted on an electrode holder 6 positioned just above the cover 4 a plasma torch that protrudes into the furnace interior 8.

Die Elektrode 7 ist in einer Führungshülse 9 in Richtung ihrer Achse 10 verschiebbar geführt. Die Führungshülse 9 weist an ihrem unteren Ende einen kugelförmigen Lagerteil 11 auf, der an der Elektrodenhalterung 6 in einer horizontal teilbaren sphärischen Pfanne 12 allseits schwenkbar gelagert ist. Hierdurch kann die Elektrode 7 in jede gewünschte Winkelstellung gegenüber der Vertikalen geneigt werden. Zum Verschwenken der Elektrode 7 dienen zwei im Grundriß einen Winkel von vorzugsweise 900 einschließende und als Druckmittelzylinder 13, 14 ausgebildete Stelleinrichtungen, die einerseits an der Elektrodenhalterung 6 und andererseits im vertikalen Abstand davon am oberen Ende der Führungshülse 9 angelenkt sind.The electrode 7 is guided in a guide sleeve 9 in the direction of its axis 10. The guide sleeve 9 has at its lower end a spherical bearing part 11 which is on the electrode holder 6 in a horizon valley divisible spherical pan 12 is pivotally mounted on all sides. As a result, the electrode 7 can be inclined in any desired angular position with respect to the vertical. For pivoting of the electrode 7, two serve in plan an angle of preferably 90 0 inclusive and as a pressure medium cylinder 13, 14 trained actuators, which are articulated on the one hand to the electrode holder 6 and the other at a vertical distance therefrom at the upper end of the guide sleeve. 9

Für das axiale Verschieben der Elektrode 7 sorgen -"zwei einerseits jeweils an der Führungshülse 9 und andererseits jeweils an der Elektrode 7 über Laschen 17 angelenkte und achsparallel zur Elektrode 7 ausgerichtete Druckmittelzylinder 15, 16.Ensure the axial displacement of the electrode 7 - "two pressure medium cylinders 15, 16 articulated on the one hand on the guide sleeve 9 and on the other hand each on the electrode 7 via tabs 17 and aligned axially parallel to the electrode 7.

Um ein Verdrehen der Elektrode 7 und damit eine Torsionsbeanspruchung des Stromzuführkabels 18 und der Kühlmittelleitungen zu verhindern, ist an der Führungshülse 9 eine gabelförmige, sich radial nach außen erstreckende Verdrehsicherung 19 angeordnet, in die ein an der Elektrodenhalterung 6 fixierter Zapfen 20 eingreift.In order to prevent twisting of the electrode 7 and thus torsional stress on the power supply cable 18 and the coolant lines, a fork-shaped anti-twist device 19, which extends radially outward, is arranged on the guide sleeve 9, into which a pin 20 fixed on the electrode holder 6 engages.

Das Ofengefäß 3 weist einen mit einer zentralen muldenförmigen Vertiefung 21 versehenen Boden 22 auf, wobei an der tiefsten Stelle der Vertiefung 21 eine Bodenelektrode (Anode) 23 angeordnet ist. Die sphärische Vertiefung 21 weist gegenüber dem übrigen, etwa horizontalen Boden 22 eine Tiefe 24 auf, die ungefähr gleich ist der maximalen Badtiefe 25 des Bades 26, gemessen vom etwa horizontalen Boden 22. Durch die Anordnung der Bodenelektrode 23 in der zentralen Vertiefung 21 wird der mit zunehmender Auslenkung der Elektrode 7 länger werdende Strompfad um ein geringeres Ausmaß verlängert als bei einem Boden 22 ohne Vertiefung 21, wodurch der aus dem verlängerten Strompfad resultierende Spannungsabfall im Bad 26 geringer gehalten werden kann als bei einem Boden ohne vertiefte Anordnung der Anode.The furnace vessel 3 has a bottom 22 provided with a central trough-shaped depression 21, a bottom electrode (anode) 23 being arranged at the deepest point of the depression 21. The spherical depression 21 has a depth 24, which is approximately equal to the maximum bath depth 25 of the bath 26, measured from the approximately horizontal bottom 22, compared to the rest of the approximately horizontal bottom 22. The arrangement of the bottom electrode 23 in the central depression 21 results in the depth with increasing deflection of the electrode 7, the current path, which becomes longer, is lengthened by a smaller amount than in the case of a base 22 without a depression 21, as a result of which the voltage drop in the bath 26 resulting from the extended current path is kept lower can be as with a floor without a recessed arrangement of the anode.

Zum Auswechseln der Elektrode 7 werden die Druckmittelzy- linder 15, 16 oder die Laschen 17 von der Elektrode 7 gelöst; danach kann die Elektrode 7 aus der Führungshülse 9 herausgezogen werden.To replace the electrode 7 which are Druckmittelzy - linder 15, 16 or the tongues 17 released from the electrode 7; the electrode 7 can then be pulled out of the guide sleeve 9.

Gemäß Fig. 4 ist die Führungshülse 9 mit ihrem kugelförmigen Lagerteil 11 direkt am Deckel 4 des Plasmaofens 1 angeordnet. Weiters weist die Elektrode 7' gemäß Fig. 4 ein Mundstück 27 mit gegenüber dem Schaft 28 der Elektrode 7' vergrößertem Durchmesser auf. Um die Elektrode 7' in einfacher Weise auswechseln zu können, ist in die Führungshülse 9 ein Gleitkörper 29 eingesetzt und mittels Schnellspanneinrichtungen 30 an der Führungshülse 9 fixiert. Zum Wechseln der Elektrode 7' genügt es, die Schnellspanneinrichtungen 30 zu lösen und die Elektrode 7' gemeinsam mit dem Gleitkörper 29 aus der Führungshülse herauszuziehen.Ig according F. 4, the guide sleeve 9 with its spherical bearing part 11 is arranged directly on the cover 4 of the plasma furnace 1. Furthermore, the electrode 7 'according to FIG. 4 has a mouthpiece 27 with a larger diameter than the shaft 28 of the electrode 7'. In order to be able to replace the electrode 7 ′ in a simple manner, a sliding body 29 is inserted into the guide sleeve 9 and fixed to the guide sleeve 9 by means of quick-release devices 30. To change the electrode 7 ', it is sufficient to loosen the quick release devices 30 and to pull the electrode 7' together with the sliding body 29 out of the guide sleeve.

Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele, sondern sie kann in verschiedener Hinsicht modifiziert werden. So kann beispielsweise stelle der Druckmittelzylinder 13, 14 und/oder 15, 16 auch eine andere Stelleinrichtung, wie z.B. eine Gewindespindel, verwendet werden. Weiters können auch mehrere (beispielsweise drei) Elektroden vorgesehen sein, die unabhängig voneinander verschwenkt werden können. Die Erfindung eignet sich nicht nur für Plasmabrenner, sondern auch für herkömmliche Elektroden.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown, but can be modified in various ways. For example, the pressure medium cylinder 13, 14 and / or 15, 16 can also set another adjusting device, such as e.g. a threaded spindle can be used. Furthermore, several (for example three) electrodes can also be provided, which can be pivoted independently of one another. The invention is suitable not only for plasma torches, but also for conventional electrodes.

Claims (6)

1. Elektroofen, insbesondere Plasmaofen (1), mit einer in einer Elektrodenhalterung (6) axial verschiebbaren und verschwenkbaren Elektrode (7, 7'), insbesondere einem Plasmabrenner, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektrode (7, 7') an der Elektrodenhalterung (6) mittels eines sphärischen Lagers (11, 12) allseits beweglich gelagert ist, wobei die Elektrode (7, 7') im Lager (9, 11) axial verschiebbar geführt und mittels mindestens einer einerseits am Lager (9, 11) und andererseits an der Elektrode (7, 7') angreifenden Stelleinrichtung (15, 16) gegenüber dem Lager (9, 11) verschiebbar ist und wobei weiters mindestens zwei in Achsrichtung der Elektrode (7, 7') gesehen im Winkel zueinander gerichtete Stelleinrichtungen (13, 14) einerseits an der Elektrodenhalterung (6) und andererseits am Lager (9, 11) angelenkt sind.1. Electric furnace, in particular plasma furnace (1), with an electrode (7, 7 ') axially displaceable and pivotable in an electrode holder (6), in particular a plasma torch, characterized in that the electrode (7, 7') on the electrode holder ( 6) is movably mounted on all sides by means of a spherical bearing (11, 12), the electrode (7, 7 ') being axially displaceably guided in the bearing (9, 11) and by means of at least one on the bearing (9, 11) and on the other the actuating device (15, 16) engaging the electrode (7, 7 ') is displaceable relative to the bearing (9, 11) and furthermore at least two actuating devices (13, 14 ) are articulated on the one hand on the electrode holder (6) and on the other hand on the bearing (9, 11). 2. Elektroofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das sphärische Lager (11, 12) als Kugelgelenk ausgebildet ist, dessen Kugel (11) in Achsrichtung der Elektrode (7, 7') mit einer die Elektrode (7, 7') über einen Teil ihrer Länge umgebenden Hülse (9) verlängert ausgebildet ist, an der einerseits die Stelleinrichtung (15, 16) zur Axialverschiebung der Elektrode und andererseits die Stelleinrichtungen (13, 14) zur Verschwenkung des Lagers (9, 11) angreifen.2. Electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the spherical bearing (11, 12) is designed as a ball joint, the ball (11) in the axial direction of the electrode (7, 7 ') with one of the electrodes (7, 7') A sleeve (9) surrounding part of its length is elongated, on the one hand engaging the adjusting device (15, 16) for axially displacing the electrode and on the other hand the adjusting devices (13, 14) for pivoting the bearing (9, 11). 3. Elektroofen nach .Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektrode (7') im Deckel (4) des Ofens (1) geführt ist.3. Electric furnace according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrode (7 ') is guided in the cover (4) of the furnace (1). 4. Elektroofen mit einer Bodenelektrode (23) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bodenelektrode (23) an der tiefsten Stelle einer muldenförmigen Vertiefung (21) des Bodens (22) angeordnet ist.4. Electric furnace with a bottom electrode (23) according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bottom electrode (23) at the deepest Place a trough-shaped depression (21) of the bottom (22) is arranged. 5. Elektroofen nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die muldenförmige Vertiefung (21) gegenüber dem übrigen Boden (22) eine Tiefe (24) aufweist, die etwa gleich ist der maximalen Badtiefe (25) des Bades (26) gemessen vom Boden (22).5. Electric furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that the trough-shaped recess (21) with respect to the rest of the bottom (22) has a depth (24) which is approximately equal to the maximum bath depth (25) of the bath (26) measured from the bottom ( 22). 6. Elektroofen nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Lager (9, 11) mittels einer Verdrehsicherung (19, 20) an der Elektrodenhalterung (6) gegen Verdrehen um die Achse (10) der Elektrode (7, 7'), insbesondere mittels einer an dem Lager (9, 11) starr montierten Halterung (19), die an der Elektrodenhalterung (6) beweglich abgestützt ist, gesichert ist.6. Electric furnace according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bearing (9, 11) by means of an anti-rotation device (19, 20) on the electrode holder (6) against rotation about the axis (10) of the electrode (7 , 7 '), in particular by means of a bracket (19) rigidly mounted on the bearing (9, 11) and movably supported on the electrode bracket (6).
EP86890170A 1985-06-17 1986-06-09 Electric furnace, in particular a plasma furnace Withdrawn EP0207929A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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AT1792/85 1985-06-17
AT179285 1985-06-17

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EP (1) EP0207929A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61290692A (en)

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FR2168430A1 (en) * 1972-01-18 1973-08-31 British Steel Corp
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US5914979A (en) * 1996-08-30 1999-06-22 Melttran, Inc. Rotating-translational drive mechanism for positioning devices in a melter

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Publication number Publication date
JPS61290692A (en) 1986-12-20
US4651326A (en) 1987-03-17

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