EP0206990B1 - Surfacing arrangement for the passable covering of the roots of a tree - Google Patents

Surfacing arrangement for the passable covering of the roots of a tree Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0206990B1
EP0206990B1 EP86810246A EP86810246A EP0206990B1 EP 0206990 B1 EP0206990 B1 EP 0206990B1 EP 86810246 A EP86810246 A EP 86810246A EP 86810246 A EP86810246 A EP 86810246A EP 0206990 B1 EP0206990 B1 EP 0206990B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tree
support element
covering
concrete support
elements
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86810246A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0206990A1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Fritz
Christoph Fahrni
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E. FRITZ AG
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E Fritz AG
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=4234514&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0206990(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by E Fritz AG filed Critical E Fritz AG
Priority to AT86810246T priority Critical patent/ATE71418T1/en
Publication of EP0206990A1 publication Critical patent/EP0206990A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0206990B1 publication Critical patent/EP0206990B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C9/00—Special pavings; Pavings for special parts of roads or airfields
    • E01C9/004—Pavings specially adapted for allowing vegetation
    • E01C9/005—Coverings around trees forming part of the road
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
    • E01C5/08—Reinforced units with steel frames
    • E01C5/085—Reinforced units with steel frames on prefabricated supporting structures or prefabricated foundation elements except coverings made of layers of similar elements

Definitions

  • a floor covering arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1 which aims to prevent the ventilation and irrigation openings from slurrying.
  • This document suggests covering the tree slice with eight rectangular, hollow concrete elements that are open at the bottom. The top of the elements is formed by a reinforced grid connecting the side walls. Below this grille, the soil is well ventilated. The grid also ensures sufficient water supply.
  • this known floor covering arrangement also has the above-mentioned disadvantages of grass pavers with regard to the ability to be walked on and driven over.
  • the invention has for its object to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned and to improve the growing conditions for the tree. This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the support elements rest on foundations on both sides, the soil in between is not loaded, so that it is not compacted.
  • the soil structure and fauna are thus positively influenced and not affected by intensive use of the tree grate. Preventing increased soil pressure also makes conventional irrigation and aeration methods more effective. If several concrete elements are arranged close to each other, the salt influences in this area can be reduced very strongly in the winter months, or depending on the situation, the water can be fed in or out with a corresponding gradient. Since the elements only rest on the foundations and can therefore be removed with little effort, any subsequent interventions in the root area or the replacement of a tree are easily possible. Because the concrete elements are not supported on the earth's surface, the usual subsidence of the earth is irrelevant. This means that there are no unevenness in the floor covering to worry about and subsequent corrections are unnecessary.
  • a floor covering arrangement for sidewalks is known. It consists of prefabricated concrete support elements with a U-shaped cross section. At a distance of the length of the elements, a number of elements stacked in pairs on top of each other are laid as foundations. Further elements are placed on these foundation elements with their longitudinal ends laterally next to each other and abutting one another in the sidewalk axis. This allows you to create a sidewalk with prefabricated elements.
  • this arrangement is not intended for covering tree trunks from street trees. It has not established itself for the production of sidewalks. Normal road surfaces are preferred here.
  • the floor covering shown comprises two foundations 1 arranged transversely to a sidewalk axis, which consist of reinforced concrete and are cast on compacted wall gravel 2.
  • adjustment straps 3 are introduced at a distance of three meters from one another, which close off the pavement covering 4.
  • Four reinforced concrete support elements 5 with a U-shaped cross section are placed next to one another on the foundations 1, which fit exactly between the adjusting straps 3.
  • the cavity of the U-elements 5 is filled with polystyrene.
  • the walking surface of the elements 5 is bush hammered, sandblasted or charcoal to reduce the risk of slipping.
  • an E-shaped cross section can also be provided.
  • E-shaped is understood to mean an element which has a web and a plurality of ribs projecting therefrom.
  • the elements 5 are laid on a smooth line to compensate for any inaccuracies in height. Between the smooth line and the elements 5 there is still a material that prevents the elements from connecting with the smooth line. This way, they can be easily removed later for any work.
  • the tree is planted in such a way that the planes of the mutually facing surfaces 6 of the plates 3 are arranged on both sides of the tree trunk 7 at approximately the same distance from it, and the edge 8 of the tree trunk 7 facing the tree trunk 7 is closest Concrete support element 5 has a distance from the tree trunk 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The arrangement comprises two foundations (1) located at a distance from one another and a plurality of reinforced U-shaped or E-shaped concrete carrier elements (5) supported on these on both sides and arranged next to one another. This avoids compacting the ground in the region of the tree roots, makes it easier to attend to the tree, increases the effect of ventilation and watering systems, reduces the influence of de-icing salts and keeps convenience of use unrestricted in this region. <IMAGE>

Description

Bei Baumscheiben wird häufig nur ein kleiner Umkreis um den Baumstamm frei gehalten, während der Rest mit Belag bedeckt wird. Diese Bäume leiden unter Wasser- und Sauerstoffmangel, und oft unter starken Salzeinflüssen in den Wintermonaten. Es ist auch bekannt, die Baumscheibe mit Rasengittersteinen, geschlitzten Platten, Gitterrosten oder ähnlichem zu belegen. Diese Arten der Abdeckung vermeiden nicht alle der oben genannten Nachteile für den Baum, weil die Oeffnungen rasch zugeschlämmt werden und sind zudem mit Fahrrädern, Einkaufsund Kinderwagen, Schuhen mit hohen Absätzen, Rollschuhen und ähnlichem unangenehm zu benützen.In the case of tree disks, only a small area around the tree trunk is often kept free, while the rest is covered with covering. These trees suffer from a lack of water and oxygen, and often from strong salt in the winter months. It is also known to cover the tree grate with grass pavers, slotted plates, gratings or the like. These types of cover do not avoid all of the above disadvantages for the tree, because the openings are quickly clogged and are also uncomfortable to use with bicycles, shopping and strollers, high-heeled shoes, roller skates and the like.

Aus der FR-A-606 995 ist eine Bodenbelagsanordnung gemäss Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt, welche sich zum Ziele setzt, das Zuschlämmen der Belüftungs- und Bewässerungsöffnungen zu vermeiden. Diese Schrift schlägt vor, die Baumscheibe mit acht quaderförmigen, hohlen, nach unten offenen Betonelementen abzudecken. Die Oberseite der Elemente wird durch ein die Seitenwände verbindendes armiertes Gitter gebildet. Unterhalb dieses Gitters ist das Erdreich gut belüftet. Das Gitter sorgt auch für eine hinreichende Wasserzufuhr. Diese bekannte Bodenbelagsanordnung weist jedoch ebenfalls die oben aufgeführten Nachteile von Rasengittersteinen bezüglich der Begeh- und Befahrbarkeit auf.From FR-A-606 995 a floor covering arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1 is known which aims to prevent the ventilation and irrigation openings from slurrying. This document suggests covering the tree slice with eight rectangular, hollow concrete elements that are open at the bottom. The top of the elements is formed by a reinforced grid connecting the side walls. Below this grille, the soil is well ventilated. The grid also ensures sufficient water supply. However, this known floor covering arrangement also has the above-mentioned disadvantages of grass pavers with regard to the ability to be walked on and driven over.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die erwähnten Nachteile zu beseitigen und die Wachstumsbedingungen für den Baum zu verbessern. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The invention has for its object to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned and to improve the growing conditions for the tree. This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Da die Trägerelemente beidseitig auf Fundamenten aufliegen, wird das dazwischenliegende Erdreich nicht belastet, so dass es nicht verdichtet wird. Somit wird die Bodenstruktur sowie die Bodenfauna positiv beeinflusst und auch durch eine intensive Benützung der Baumscheibe nicht beeinträchtigt. Durch die Verhinderung eines erhöhten Bodendrucks werden auch die üblichen Bewässerungs- und Belüftungsmethoden wirksamer. Wenn mehrere Betonelemente dicht nebeneinander angeordnet sind, können in diesem Bereich die Salzeinflüsse in den Wintermonaten sehr stark reduziert werden, bzw. je nach Situation kann mit entsprechendem Gefälle das Wasser zu- oder abgeleitet werden. Da die Elemente lediglich auf den Fundamenten aufliegen und somit mit geringem Aufwand zu entfernen sind, sind allfällige spätere Eingriffe im Wurzelbereich oder das Auswechseln eines Baumes problemlos möglich. Weil die Betonelemente nicht auf der Erdoberfläche abgestützt sind, spielen die üblichen Senkungen der Erde keine Rolle. Somit sind keine Unebenheiten im Belag zu befürchten und diesbezügliche nachträgliche Korrekturen werden überflüssig.Since the support elements rest on foundations on both sides, the soil in between is not loaded, so that it is not compacted. The soil structure and fauna are thus positively influenced and not affected by intensive use of the tree grate. Preventing increased soil pressure also makes conventional irrigation and aeration methods more effective. If several concrete elements are arranged close to each other, the salt influences in this area can be reduced very strongly in the winter months, or depending on the situation, the water can be fed in or out with a corresponding gradient. Since the elements only rest on the foundations and can therefore be removed with little effort, any subsequent interventions in the root area or the replacement of a tree are easily possible. Because the concrete elements are not supported on the earth's surface, the usual subsidence of the earth is irrelevant. This means that there are no unevenness in the floor covering to worry about and subsequent corrections are unnecessary.

Aus der US-A-2 174 035 ist eine Bodenbelagsanordnung für Gehsteige bekannt. Sie besteht aus vorfabrizierten, im Querschnitt U-förmigen Betonträgerelementen. Im Abstand der Länge der Elemente werden quer zur Fahrbahnachse eine Reihe von paarweise übereinandergeschichteten Elementen als Fundamente verlegt. Auf diese Fundamentelemente werden weitere Elemente jeweils mit ihren Längsenden seitlich nebeneinander und in der Gehsteigachse stirnseitig aneinanderstossend aufgelegt. Damit lässt sich ein Gehsteig mit vorfabrizierten Elementen erstellen. Diese Anordnung ist allerdings nicht für die Abdeckung von Baumscheiben von Strassenbäumen gedacht. Sie hat sich für die Herstellung von Gehsteigen nicht durchgesetzt. Hier bevorzugt man normale Strassenbeläge.From US-A-2 174 035 a floor covering arrangement for sidewalks is known. It consists of prefabricated concrete support elements with a U-shaped cross section. At a distance of the length of the elements, a number of elements stacked in pairs on top of each other are laid as foundations. Further elements are placed on these foundation elements with their longitudinal ends laterally next to each other and abutting one another in the sidewalk axis. This allows you to create a sidewalk with prefabricated elements. However, this arrangement is not intended for covering tree trunks from street trees. It has not established itself for the production of sidewalks. Normal road surfaces are preferred here.

Weitere ähnliche Vorschläge zur Herstellung vorfabrizierter Bodenbelagsanordnungen für Strassen sind aus der DE-A 2 311 454, der DE-A 1 409 848 sowie der FR-A 587 108 bekannt.Further similar proposals for the production of prefabricated floor covering arrangements for streets are known from DE-A 2 311 454, DE-A 1 409 848 and FR-A 587 108.

Nachfolgend wird eine Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Darin zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine Ansicht von oben auf eine Bodenbelagsanordnung,
  • Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt längs der Linie II - II in Fig. 1, und
  • Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt längs der Linie III - III in Fig. 1.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows:
  • 1 is a top view of a floor covering arrangement,
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section along the line II - II in Fig. 1, and
  • 3 shows a cross section along the line III-III in FIG. 1.

Der dargestellte Bodenbelag umfasst zwei quer zu einer Trottoirachse angeordnete Fundamente 1, die aus armiertem Beton bestehen und auf verdichtetem Wandkies 2 gegossen sind. In den Fundamenten 1 sind im Abstand von drei Metern voneinander Stellriemen 3 eingebracht, welche den Trottoirbelag 4 abschliessen. Auf die Fundamente 1 sind nebeneinander vier armierte Betonträgerelemente 5 mit U-förmigem Querschnitt aufgelegt, welche genau zwischen die Stellriemen 3 passen. Der Hohlraum der U-Elemente 5 ist mit Styropor ausgefüllt. Die Gehfläche der Elemente 5 ist gestockt, sandgestrahlt oder chariert, um die Rutschgefahr zu vermindern. Statt eines U-förmigen kann auch ein E-förmiger Querschnitt vorgesehen werden.The floor covering shown comprises two foundations 1 arranged transversely to a sidewalk axis, which consist of reinforced concrete and are cast on compacted wall gravel 2. In the foundations 1, adjustment straps 3 are introduced at a distance of three meters from one another, which close off the pavement covering 4. Four reinforced concrete support elements 5 with a U-shaped cross section are placed next to one another on the foundations 1, which fit exactly between the adjusting straps 3. The cavity of the U-elements 5 is filled with polystyrene. The walking surface of the elements 5 is bush hammered, sandblasted or charcoal to reduce the risk of slipping. Instead of a U-shaped cross section, an E-shaped cross section can also be provided.

Zwischen den Fundamenten 1 ist mindestens ein Abstand von 2,5 m freigehalten, damit ein hinreichend grosser Bereich der Baumscheibe entlastet ist. Damit ergibt sich die Länge von drei Metern für die Elemente 5. Damit die Elemente 5 einfach verlegt werden können und das Verhältnis von Länge zu Breite ausgewogen ist, erweist sich eine Breite von 40 cm für die Elemente 5 als zweckmässig.There is at least a distance of 2.5 m between the foundations 1 so that a sufficiently large area of the tree pane is relieved. This results in a length of three meters for the elements 5. In order for the elements 5 to be easy to lay and for the ratio of length to width to be balanced, a width of 40 cm has proven to be expedient for the elements 5.

Unter der Bezeichnung "E-förmig" wird ein Element verstanden, welches einen Steg und mehrere von diesen abstehende Rippen aufweist.The term “E-shaped” is understood to mean an element which has a web and a plurality of ribs projecting therefrom.

Die Elemente 5 werden auf einen Glattstrich verlegt, um allfällige Ungenauigkeiten in der Höhe auszugleichen. Zwischen dem Glattstrich und den Elementen 5 kommt noch ein Material zu liegen, das verhindert, dass sich die Elemente mit dem Glattstrich verbinden. So können sie später für allfällige Arbeiten problemlos entfernt werden.The elements 5 are laid on a smooth line to compensate for any inaccuracies in height. Between the smooth line and the elements 5 there is still a material that prevents the elements from connecting with the smooth line. This way, they can be easily removed later for any work.

Wie aus Fig. 1 hervorgeht, wird der Baum so gepflanzt, dass die Ebenen der einander zugewandten Flächen 6 der Platten 3 beidseits des Baumstammes 7 in annähernd gleichem Abstand von diesem angeordnet sind, und der dem Baumstamm 7 zugekehrte Rand 8 des dem Baumstamm 7 nächstliegenden Betonträgerelementes 5 Abstand vom Baumstamm 7 hat.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the tree is planted in such a way that the planes of the mutually facing surfaces 6 of the plates 3 are arranged on both sides of the tree trunk 7 at approximately the same distance from it, and the edge 8 of the tree trunk 7 facing the tree trunk 7 is closest Concrete support element 5 has a distance from the tree trunk 7.

Claims (2)

1. A ground covering arrangement for covering tree root spreads, in such a way as to be passable on foot or for a vehicle, characterised in that the arrangement includes two spaced-apart concrete foundations (1) and at least one reinforced concrete support element (5) which is supported thereon on both sides, and that at both ends of the concrete support element (5) vertical plates (3) project beyond the foundations (1) by the height of the concrete support element (5), wherein the planes of the mutually facing surfaces (6) of the plates (3) on both sides of a tree trunk (7) are arranged at approximately equal spacings from the tree trunk and the edge (8) of the concrete support element (5), which is towards the tree trunk (7), is at a spacing from the tree trunk (7).
2. An arrangement according to claim 1 characterised in that the concrete support element (5) is of a downwardly open U-shaped or E-shaped cross-section.
EP86810246A 1985-06-11 1986-06-06 Surfacing arrangement for the passable covering of the roots of a tree Expired - Lifetime EP0206990B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86810246T ATE71418T1 (en) 1985-06-11 1986-06-06 FLOOR COVERING ARRANGEMENT FOR WALK-ON AND DRIVE-ON COVERING OF TREE PANES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2469/85 1985-06-11
CH2469/85A CH667679A5 (en) 1985-06-11 1985-06-11 FLOOR COVERING ARRANGEMENT FOR WALK-ON AND DRIVE-ON COVERING OF TREE PANES.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0206990A1 EP0206990A1 (en) 1986-12-30
EP0206990B1 true EP0206990B1 (en) 1992-01-08

Family

ID=4234514

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86810246A Expired - Lifetime EP0206990B1 (en) 1985-06-11 1986-06-06 Surfacing arrangement for the passable covering of the roots of a tree

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0206990B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6231104U (en)
AT (1) ATE71418T1 (en)
CH (1) CH667679A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3683323D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH674034A5 (en) * 1987-03-17 1990-04-30 Cewag Duedingen Tree trunk base surrounding slab - comprises concrete or stone panels with recesses for trunk and air circulation-water drain holes
DE10028721C2 (en) * 2000-06-09 2002-12-12 Georg Langer Blechwarenfabrik Covering assembly

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR587108A (en) * 1924-10-10 1925-04-11 Reinforced concrete road
FR606995A (en) * 1925-08-31 1926-06-23 Reinforced concrete tree protection box plates which can also be used as scraper
US2174035A (en) * 1936-07-01 1939-09-26 William P Witherow Sidewalk, floor, or roadway construction
DE813410C (en) * 1948-10-02 1951-09-13 Karl Kolster Street curb
GB945999A (en) * 1960-07-27 1964-01-08 Jens Lauritz Jensen Road construction
DE2311454A1 (en) * 1973-03-08 1974-09-19 Ernst Roekendt PRE-FABRICATED CONCRETE ROAD PRODUCTION
FR2512092A1 (en) * 1981-08-31 1983-03-04 Siegriszt Lajos Trellis using prefabricated beams - is made up of series of interconnected, mutually perpendicular long and short beams

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH667679A5 (en) 1988-10-31
DE3683323D1 (en) 1992-02-20
EP0206990A1 (en) 1986-12-30
ATE71418T1 (en) 1992-01-15
JPS6231104U (en) 1987-02-24

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