EP0203454B1 - Furnace for heat-treating work pieces - Google Patents

Furnace for heat-treating work pieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0203454B1
EP0203454B1 EP86106537A EP86106537A EP0203454B1 EP 0203454 B1 EP0203454 B1 EP 0203454B1 EP 86106537 A EP86106537 A EP 86106537A EP 86106537 A EP86106537 A EP 86106537A EP 0203454 B1 EP0203454 B1 EP 0203454B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
furnace
furnace according
support elements
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86106537A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0203454A3 (en
EP0203454A2 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Schalberger
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EON Ruhrgas AG
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Ruhrgas AG
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Publication date
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Priority to AT86106537T priority Critical patent/ATE91726T1/en
Publication of EP0203454A2 publication Critical patent/EP0203454A2/en
Publication of EP0203454A3 publication Critical patent/EP0203454A3/en
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Publication of EP0203454B1 publication Critical patent/EP0203454B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/201—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace walking beam furnace
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/005—Furnaces in which the charge is moving up or down
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/142—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving along a vertical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/16—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a circular or arcuate path

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a furnace for heat treatment of workpieces, in which at least two groups of rod-shaped support elements are fastened to two support arrangements in a heat treatment room with a helical transport path in particular, and the two support arrangements with the support elements respectively assigned to them are relative both vertically and in the circumferential direction of the transport path are movable relative to one another in such a way that the workpieces are transported along the transport path.
  • a furnace of this type is known from WO 84/02390. It has significant structural and operational advantages over conventional rotary hearth furnaces.
  • a furnace of the generic type is also suitable for gas treatment processes, e.g. Suitable for nitriding the workpieces, since the workpieces can be subjected to any length of time in a temperature-maintaining zone, in particular if the transport path is spiral, and a thermal separation between the inlet and outlet points can be created without any problems.
  • the furnace volume can be optimally used for the heat treatment of the workpieces, so that a higher throughput can be achieved with the same furnace volume.
  • the energy input is particularly low compared to conventional furnace designs.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a structurally simple transport device for the heat treatment furnace of the type mentioned, which is easy to assemble and adjust and ensures reliable operation with precise movement of the parts moving relative to each other.
  • the first carrier arrangement has a vertical carrier shaft which passes through at least one furnace wall and that at least one is fixed to the second carrier arrangement on the vertical carrier shaft connected sleeve is mounted such that the carrier shaft and the sleeve are mutually rotatable and displaceable relative to each other along a vertical central axis. Due to this mutual guidance and centering of the two support arrangements moving the workpieces along the annular transport path, the movement paths of the rod-shaped support elements can be set very easily and precisely when the transport device is installed and the interacting support elements of the two support arrangements can be aligned in the target positions. The preset relative positions and the operational movement play are retained very precisely even after long periods of operation.
  • the mutual centering and guiding of the two carrier arrangements via the shaft-sleeve combination permits relative movements of the carrier arrangements independently of one another both in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction.
  • a particularly space-saving design of the first support arrangement while maintaining the guiding function of the support shaft and simple mounting possibility of the support elements results in a further development of the invention in that two flanges are attached to the support shaft at a vertical distance, that axially parallel support rods are held on the two flanges and that the support rods are mounted so that they rotate essentially radially outward.
  • the axially parallel support rods are preferably arranged individually or in pairs at the same angular distance on a circle around the central axis.
  • a correspondingly easy to assemble, inexpensive and space-saving design is characterized in a further development of the invention in that the support elements assigned to the second carrier arrangement have a uniform angular distribution around them Central axis arranged approximately radially inward and are connected to at least one support ring which is fastened coaxially to the central axis on the guide sleeve. It is preferably provided that a second guide sleeve with a vertical distance from the first guide sleeve is rotatably and displaceably mounted on the support shaft relative to the latter and is fixedly connected to a second support ring and that the support elements are attached in a rotationally fixed manner to axially parallel support rods which are attached to the two aligned wreaths are held.
  • the two coaxial carrier rings together with the carrier rods held on them form a cage-like structure which surrounds the first carrier arrangement with the carrier elements assigned to it on the outside.
  • the two guide sleeves of the second carrier arrangement can be displaced by a predetermined axial stroke relative to the inner shaft-fixed flanges of the first carrier arrangement.
  • a particularly simple installation and removal of the two carrier arrangements is possible in a development of the invention in that the second carrier arrangement is braced into the furnace interior from an furnace cover.
  • the furnace cover can represent the furnace wall penetrated by the vertical support shaft.
  • the second carrier arrangement is held in a fixed position in the furnace, while the carrier shaft for executing the relative movements between the two carrier arrangements is both axially displaceable and rotatable and can be coupled to lifting and rotary drives.
  • the support elements are each provided with a foot piece that can be plugged onto one of the rods or a pair of rods.
  • the support elements are held vertically one above the other on levels on a rod or a pair of rods and are held at a mutual distance by at least one, preferably tubular or double-tubular spacer plugged onto the rod.
  • the floor spacing of the individual support elements can thus be set precisely by a suitable choice of the length of the spacers, as a result of which the adjustment effort when mounting the support arrangements is significantly reduced, in particular in comparison to conventional welded connections, and a change in the floor height to adapt to different workpiece shapes is possible without problems.
  • the furnace 1 shown in the drawing there are two carrier arrangements 2 and 3 about a vertical central axis 4 centered.
  • the two carrier arrangements 2 and 3 are used to transport the workpieces 5 shown schematically in FIG. 1 in the furnace interior 10 from top to bottom along a helical transport path, which concentrically surrounds the central axis 4, the center line of which is indicated in FIG.
  • the furnace is charged through a loading opening A in a furnace cover 11; the removal takes place through a removal opening B at the bottom 12 of the furnace 1.
  • the first carrier arrangement 2 has a carrier shaft 20 which is coaxial with the vertical central axis 4, two ring flanges 21, 21 'which are fixedly connected to the carrier shaft 20 at a vertical distance from one another, are held on the two flanges 21, 21' and are distributed at a uniform angular distance around the central axis 4, vertical support rod pairs 22 and fork-shaped support elements 8 which are plugged onto the support rod pairs 22. Between the foot pieces 28 of the individual fork-shaped carrier elements 8, spacers 29 designed as double tubes are pushed onto the pairs of rods 22. The vertical dimensions of the foot pieces 28 and the spacers 29 lying therebetween determine the constant floor height between fork-shaped carrier elements 8 arranged one above the other.
  • the foot pieces and spacers 28 and 29 arranged on a pair of rods lie on one another under the influence of gravity and are supported at the bottom by the flange 21 fixed to the support shaft.
  • the support elements 8 arranged in this manner do not require an upper abutment on the pairs of rods 22.
  • the second carrier arrangement 3 has lower and upper guide sleeves 30, 30 'which are axially guided and rotatably supported on the carrier shaft 20.
  • Lower and upper carrier rings 31, 31 ' are firmly connected to the guide sleeves 30, 30'.
  • everyone Carrier ring 31 or 31 'in the exemplary embodiment shown is designed in the manner of a wheel, the hub of which is formed by the guide sleeve 30 and the outer ring of which is connected to the guide sleeve 30 via spoke-like radial struts.
  • the guide sleeves 30 and 30 ' are arranged at an axial distance from their respective lower and upper flanges 21 and 21', the axial distances being dimensioned sufficiently large that the two carrier arrangements 2 and 3 have their operational play in the direction of the central axis 4 can perform to transport the workpieces 5.
  • the second support arrangement 3 also includes axially parallel support rod pairs 32, which are held clamped between the two outer rings of the two support rings 31 and 31 'in a uniform angular distribution and with a suitable spatial assignment to the inner support arrangement 2.
  • the support elements 9, which are also fork-shaped and assigned to the second support arrangement 3 are attached in the same way as in the first support arrangement 2, the level between adjacent support elements 9 also here being determined by the vertical dimensions of the foot parts 38 of the support elements 9 and by the pairs of rods 32 is attached spacers 39 is determined.
  • the entire second carrier arrangement 3 is suspended from the furnace cover 11 via anchors 35 which engage on the upper carrier ring 31 '.
  • the radial centering of the second carrier arrangement 3 with respect to the first carrier arrangement 2 takes place, as mentioned above, via the guide sleeves 30 and 30 'sliding on the carrier shaft 20.
  • the second carrier arrangement 3 with the associated support elements 9 remains stationary during operation.
  • the relative movements of the support elements required to transport the workpieces 5 8 and 9, both vertically and in the circumferential direction of the transport path, are brought about by corresponding movement of the support shaft 20 serving as an actuating rod, which is driven by a suitable lifting and rotating drive (not shown in the drawing).
  • the carrier shaft 20 is guided through a suitable passage 13 through the furnace cover 11 to the outside.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the design and the relative position of the cooperating inner and outer support elements 8 and 9.
  • the two rod-shaped support arms of the fork-shaped support elements 9 of the second support arrangement 3 are approximately radially inward and have a greater distance than the two radially outward-pointing support arms of the fork-shaped support elements 8 of the first support arrangement 2.
  • the first Carrier arrangement can be axially raised or lowered relative to the stationary second carrier arrangement 3 via the carrier shaft 20, which acts as an actuating rod, in order to lift a workpiece 5 from a carrier element 9 or place it on the latter.
  • the axial stroke is dimensioned such that at the end of the stroke movement, the radially outward-pointing support elements 8 can be rotated by a suitable rotation step to the next position above or below the associated support elements 9.
  • 6 pairs of support elements 8 and 9 are each distributed at an angular distance of 60 °, and each rotation step of the inner support arrangement 6, in which, for example, a workpiece is transferred from one stationary support element 9 to its adjacent support element 9, includes an angle of rotation of 60 °.
  • the first support arrangement 2 is lowered to such an extent that the associated support elements 8 move back under the outer support elements 9 in a corresponding counter-rotating step can be.
  • the lifting movement can only compensate one step from one to the next outer supporting element 9).
  • the fork-shaped support elements 8 and 9 are held on the vertical pairs of support rods 22 and 32 in a rotationally fixed manner. Due to the exact centering between the support shaft 20 serving as an actuating rod and the guide sleeves 30, 30 ', the support arrangements 2 and 3 are also exactly centered with respect to one another, and the fork-shaped support elements 8 and 9 can be guided in a precisely coordinated range of motion with relatively short distances from one another and be moved.
  • the fork-shaped support elements are, for example, each made in one piece from heat-resistant cast steel or as welded parts, or they consist of ceramic material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

A helical conveyor system comprising two groups of bar-shaped support elements are attached to two mounting means in the heat treatment chamber of a furnace. The mounting means and the associated support elements are mobile relative to each other both in the vertical direction and in the direction of the circumference of the conveyor system for moving the work pieces along the conveyor system. The design, assembly and operation of the conveyor system and the mode of conveyor system operation are simplified by the provision of a vertical support shaft penetrating the furnace roof for the first mounting means. The support shaft holds at least one sleeve firmly connected with the second mounting means allowing the support shaft and the sleeve to be rotated relative to each other around and to be moved relative to each other along a central axis, the shaft and the sleeve guiding each other.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ofen zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken, bei dem in einem Wärmebehandlungsraum mit einer insbesondere wendelförmigen Transportbahn wenigstens zwei Gruppen von stabförmigen Tragelementen an zwei Trägeranordnungen befestigt sind und die beiden Trägeranordnungen mit den ihnen jeweils zugeordneten Tragelementen sowohl vertikal als auch in Umfangsrichtung der Transportbahn relativ zueinander derart bewegbar sind, daß die Werkstücke entlang der Transportbahn transportiert werden.The invention relates to a furnace for heat treatment of workpieces, in which at least two groups of rod-shaped support elements are fastened to two support arrangements in a heat treatment room with a helical transport path in particular, and the two support arrangements with the support elements respectively assigned to them are relative both vertically and in the circumferential direction of the transport path are movable relative to one another in such a way that the workpieces are transported along the transport path.

Ein Ofen dieser Art ist aus der WO 84/02390 bekannt. Er hat gegenüber herkömmlichen Drehherdöfen erhebliche bauliche und betriebliche Vorteile. Insbesondere ist ein Ofen der gattungsgemäßen Art auch für Gasbehandlungsprozesse, z.B. zum Nitrieren der Werkstücke geeignet, da die Werkstücke insbesondere bei wendelförmigem Verlauf der Transportbahn beliebig langen Verweilzeiten in einer Temperaturhaltezone unterworfen werden können und eine thermische Trennung zwischen Einlauf- und Auslaufstelle problemlos geschaffen werden kann. Ferner läßt sich das Ofenvolumen optimal für die Wärmebehandlung der Werkstücke nutzen, so daß bei gleichem Ofenvolumen ein höherer Durchsatz erzielt werden kann. Der Energieeinsatz ist im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Ofenausführungen besonders gering.A furnace of this type is known from WO 84/02390. It has significant structural and operational advantages over conventional rotary hearth furnaces. In particular, a furnace of the generic type is also suitable for gas treatment processes, e.g. Suitable for nitriding the workpieces, since the workpieces can be subjected to any length of time in a temperature-maintaining zone, in particular if the transport path is spiral, and a thermal separation between the inlet and outlet points can be created without any problems. Furthermore, the furnace volume can be optimally used for the heat treatment of the workpieces, so that a higher throughput can be achieved with the same furnace volume. The energy input is particularly low compared to conventional furnace designs.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für den Wärmebehandlungsofen der eingangs genannten Art eine konstruktiv einfache Transporteinrichtung zur Verfügung zu stellen, die leicht zu montieren und zu justieren ist und eine zuverlässige Arbeitsweise bei exaktem Bewegungsspiel der relativ zueinander bewegten Teile gewährleistet.The invention has for its object to provide a structurally simple transport device for the heat treatment furnace of the type mentioned, which is easy to assemble and adjust and ensures reliable operation with precise movement of the parts moving relative to each other.

Zur Lösung diser Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, daß die erste Trägeranordnung eine wenigstens eine Ofenwand durchgreifende vertikale Trägerwelle aufweist und daß auf der vertikalen Trägerwelle wenigstens eine fest mit der zweiten Trägeranordnung verbundene Hülse derart gelagert ist, daß die Trägerwelle und die Hülse unter gegenseitiger Führung entlang einer vertikalen Zentralachse relativ zueinander drehbar und verschiebbar sind. Aufgrund dieser erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen gegenseitigen Führung und Zentrierung der beiden die Werkstücke entlang der kreisringförmigen Transportbahn bewegenden Trägeranordnungen lassen sich die Bewegungsbahnen der stabförmigen Tragelemente beim Einbau der Transporteinrichtung sehr leicht und genau einstellen und die zusammenwirkenden Tragelemente der beiden Trägeranordnungen in den Sollagen zueinander ausrichten. Die voreingestellten Relativlagen und das betriebliche Bewegungsspiel bleiben auch nach längeren Betriebszeiten sehr exakt erhalten. Die gegenseitige Zentrierung und Führung der beiden Trägeranordnungen über die Wellen-Hülsen-Kombination läßt Relativbewegungen der Trägeranordnungen unabhängig voneinander sowohl in Axialrichtung als auch in Umfangsrichtung zu.To achieve this object, it is provided according to the invention that the first carrier arrangement has a vertical carrier shaft which passes through at least one furnace wall and that at least one is fixed to the second carrier arrangement on the vertical carrier shaft connected sleeve is mounted such that the carrier shaft and the sleeve are mutually rotatable and displaceable relative to each other along a vertical central axis. Due to this mutual guidance and centering of the two support arrangements moving the workpieces along the annular transport path, the movement paths of the rod-shaped support elements can be set very easily and precisely when the transport device is installed and the interacting support elements of the two support arrangements can be aligned in the target positions. The preset relative positions and the operational movement play are retained very precisely even after long periods of operation. The mutual centering and guiding of the two carrier arrangements via the shaft-sleeve combination permits relative movements of the carrier arrangements independently of one another both in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction.

Eine besonders raumsparende Ausbildung der ersten Trägeranordnung bei Erhaltung der Führungsfunktion der Trägerwelle und einfacher Montagemöglichkeit der Tragelemente ergibt sich in Weiterbildung der Erfindung dadurch, daß zwei Flansche mit vertikalem Abstand an der Trägerwelle befestigt sind, daß an den beiden Flanschen achsparallele Trägerstangen gehaltert sind und daß an den Trägerstangen im wesentlichen radial nach außen weisende Tragelemente drehfest angebracht sind. Die achsparallelen Trägerstangen sind dabei vorzugsweise einzeln oder paarweise in gleichem Winkelabstand auf einem Kreis um die Zentralachse angeordnet.A particularly space-saving design of the first support arrangement while maintaining the guiding function of the support shaft and simple mounting possibility of the support elements results in a further development of the invention in that two flanges are attached to the support shaft at a vertical distance, that axially parallel support rods are held on the two flanges and that the support rods are mounted so that they rotate essentially radially outward. The axially parallel support rods are preferably arranged individually or in pairs at the same angular distance on a circle around the central axis.

Eine ensprechend einfach montierbare, kostengünstige und raumsparende Ausbildung ist in Weiterbildung der Erfindung dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die der zweiten Trägeranordnung zugeordneten Tragelemente in gleichmäßiger Winkelverteilung um die Zentralachse etwa radial nach innen weisend angeordnet und mit wenigstens einem Trägerkranz verbunden sind, der koaxial zur Zentralachse an der Führungshülse befestigt ist. Vorzugsweise ist dabei vorgesehen, daß eine zweite Führungshülse mit vertikalem Abstand von der ersten Führungshülse auf der Trägerwelle relativ zu dieser drehbar und verschiebbar gelagert und fest mit einem zweiten Trägerkranz verbunden ist und daß die Tragelemente an achsparallelen Trägerstangen drehfest angebracht sind, die an den beiden zueinander ausgerichteten Trägerkränzen gehaltert sind. In dieser Ausführung bilden die beiden koaxialen Trägerkränze zusammen mit den an ihnen gehalterten Trägerstangen ein käfigartiges Gebilde, das die erste Trägeranordnung mit den dieser zugeordneten Tragelementen außen umgibt. Die beiden Führungshülsen der zweiten Trägeranordnung können bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung um einen vorgegebenen axialen Hub relativ zu den innen gelegenen wellenfesten Flanschen der ersten Trägeranordnung verschoben werden.A correspondingly easy to assemble, inexpensive and space-saving design is characterized in a further development of the invention in that the support elements assigned to the second carrier arrangement have a uniform angular distribution around them Central axis arranged approximately radially inward and are connected to at least one support ring which is fastened coaxially to the central axis on the guide sleeve. It is preferably provided that a second guide sleeve with a vertical distance from the first guide sleeve is rotatably and displaceably mounted on the support shaft relative to the latter and is fixedly connected to a second support ring and that the support elements are attached in a rotationally fixed manner to axially parallel support rods which are attached to the two aligned wreaths are held. In this embodiment, the two coaxial carrier rings together with the carrier rods held on them form a cage-like structure which surrounds the first carrier arrangement with the carrier elements assigned to it on the outside. In this embodiment of the invention, the two guide sleeves of the second carrier arrangement can be displaced by a predetermined axial stroke relative to the inner shaft-fixed flanges of the first carrier arrangement.

Ein besonders einfacher Einbau und Ausbau der beiden Trägeranordnungen ist in Weiterbildung der Erfindung dadurch möglich, daß die zweite Trägeranordnung von einem Ofendeckel aus in den Ofeninnenraum abgespannt ist. Der Ofendeckel kann dabei die von der vertikalen Trägerwelle durchgriffene Ofenwand darstellen. Bei Abnahme des Ofendeckels können beide Trägeranordnungen aus dem Ofen herausgehoben und beispielsweise nach Überprüfung oder Durchführung etwaiger Reparaturarbeiten in besonders einfacher Weise wiedereingesetzt werden.A particularly simple installation and removal of the two carrier arrangements is possible in a development of the invention in that the second carrier arrangement is braced into the furnace interior from an furnace cover. The furnace cover can represent the furnace wall penetrated by the vertical support shaft. When the furnace cover is removed, both carrier arrangements can be lifted out of the furnace and reinserted in a particularly simple manner, for example after checking or carrying out any repair work.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die zweite Trägeranordnung im Ofen lagefest gehaltert, während die Trägerwelle zur Ausführung der Relativbewegungen zwischen den beiden Trägeranordnungen sowohl axial verschiebbar als auch drehbar ist und mit Hub- und Drehantrieben kuppelbar ist.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second carrier arrangement is held in a fixed position in the furnace, while the carrier shaft for executing the relative movements between the two carrier arrangements is both axially displaceable and rotatable and can be coupled to lifting and rotary drives.

Eine weitere Vereinfachung der Montagemöglichkeit und Erleichterung der Lagejustierungen zwischen den zusammenwirkenden Tragelementen ergibt sich in Weiterbildung der Erfindung dadurch, daß die Tragelemente jeweils mit einem auf eine der Stangen oder ein Stangenpaar aufsteckbaren Fußstück versehen sind. Bei wendelförmiger Transportbahn sind mehrere Tragelemente in Etagen an einer Stange oder einem Stangenpaar vertikal übereinander gehaltert und durch wenigstens ein auf die Stange aufgestecktes, vorzugsweise rohr- oder doppelrohrförmiges Abstandsstück in gegenseitigem Abstand gehalten. Der Etagenabstand der einzelnen Tragelemente kann also durch geeignete Wahl der Länge der Abstandsstücke genau eingestellt werden, wodurch der Justieraufwand bei der Montage der Trägeranordnungen insbesondere im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Schweißverbindungen wesentlich verringert und eine Änderung der Etagenhöhe zur Anpassung an unterschiedliche Werkstückformen problemlos möglich wird.A further simplification of the mounting option and facilitating the position adjustments between the interacting support elements results in a further development of the invention in that the support elements are each provided with a foot piece that can be plugged onto one of the rods or a pair of rods. In the case of a helical transport track, several support elements are held vertically one above the other on levels on a rod or a pair of rods and are held at a mutual distance by at least one, preferably tubular or double-tubular spacer plugged onto the rod. The floor spacing of the individual support elements can thus be set precisely by a suitable choice of the length of the spacers, as a result of which the adjustment effort when mounting the support arrangements is significantly reduced, in particular in comparison to conventional welded connections, and a change in the floor height to adapt to different workpiece shapes is possible without problems.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Vertikalschnitt durch die Zentralachse des Ofens unter schematischer Darstellung einer besonderen Ausbildung von zwei Trägeranordnungen zum Transport der Werkstücke entlang einer wendelförmigen Transportbahn; und
Fig. 2
eine schematische Radialschnittansicht entlang der Schnittlinie II-II in Figur 1.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment of the invention which is shown schematically in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a vertical section through the central axis of the furnace with a schematic representation of a special embodiment of two carrier arrangements for transporting the workpieces along a helical transport path; and
Fig. 2
2 shows a schematic radial sectional view along the section line II-II in FIG. 1.

In dem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Wärmebehandlungsofen 1 sind zwei Trägeranordnungen 2 und 3 um eine vertikale Zentralachse 4 zentriert angeordnet. Die beiden Trägeranordnungen 2 und 3 dienen zum Transport der in Figur 1 schematisch dargestellten Werkstücke 5 im Ofeninnenraum 10 von oben nach unten entlang einer die Zentralchse 4 etwa konzentrisch umgebenden wendelförmigen Transportbahn, deren Mittellinie in Figur 2 mit dem strichpunktierten Kreis 6 angegeben ist. Die Beschickung des Ofens erfolgt in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel durch eine Beschickungsöffnung A in einem Ofendeckel 11; die Entnahme erfolgt durch eine Entnahmeöffnung B am Boden 12 des Ofens 1.In the heat treatment furnace 1 shown in the drawing, there are two carrier arrangements 2 and 3 about a vertical central axis 4 centered. The two carrier arrangements 2 and 3 are used to transport the workpieces 5 shown schematically in FIG. 1 in the furnace interior 10 from top to bottom along a helical transport path, which concentrically surrounds the central axis 4, the center line of which is indicated in FIG. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the furnace is charged through a loading opening A in a furnace cover 11; the removal takes place through a removal opening B at the bottom 12 of the furnace 1.

Die erste Trägeranordnung 2 weist eine zur vertikalen Zentralachse 4 koaxiale Trägerwelle 20, zwei in vertikalem Abstand voneinander mit der Trägerwelle 20 fest verbundene Ringflansche 21, 21', an den beiden Flanschen 21, 21' gehalterte, in gleichmäßigem Winkelabstand um die Zentralachse 4 verteilte, vertikale Trägerstangenpaare 22 und auf den Trägerstangenpaaren 22 aufgesteckte, gabelförmige Tragelemente 8 auf. Zwischen den Fußstücken 28 der einzelnen gabelförmigen Trägerelemente 8 sind als Doppelrohre ausgebildete Abstandsstücke 29 auf die Stangenpaare 22 aufgesteckt. Die Vertikalabmessungen der Fußstücke 28 und der dazwischenliegenden Abstandsstücke 29 bestimmen die gleichbleibende Etagenhöhe zwischen übereinanderangeordneten gabelförmigen Trägerelementen 8. Die auf einem Stangenpaar angeordneten Fuß- und Abstandsstücke 28 und 29 liegen unter Schwerkrafteinfluß aufeinander und sind unten durch den trägerwellenfesten Flansch 21 abgestützt. Eines oberen Widerlagers auf den Stangenpaaren 22 bedürfen die in dieser Weise angeordneten Trägerelemente 8 nicht.The first carrier arrangement 2 has a carrier shaft 20 which is coaxial with the vertical central axis 4, two ring flanges 21, 21 'which are fixedly connected to the carrier shaft 20 at a vertical distance from one another, are held on the two flanges 21, 21' and are distributed at a uniform angular distance around the central axis 4, vertical support rod pairs 22 and fork-shaped support elements 8 which are plugged onto the support rod pairs 22. Between the foot pieces 28 of the individual fork-shaped carrier elements 8, spacers 29 designed as double tubes are pushed onto the pairs of rods 22. The vertical dimensions of the foot pieces 28 and the spacers 29 lying therebetween determine the constant floor height between fork-shaped carrier elements 8 arranged one above the other. The foot pieces and spacers 28 and 29 arranged on a pair of rods lie on one another under the influence of gravity and are supported at the bottom by the flange 21 fixed to the support shaft. The support elements 8 arranged in this manner do not require an upper abutment on the pairs of rods 22.

Die zweite Trägeranordnung 3 weist untere und obere Führungshülsen 30, 30' auf, die auf der Trägerwelle 20 axial geführt und drehbar gelagert sind. Untere und obere Trägerkränze 31, 31' sind fest mit den Führungshülsen 30, 30' verbunden. Jeder Trägerkranz 31 bzw. 31' ist in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel nach Art eines Rades ausgebildet, dessen Nabe durch die Führungshülse 30 gebildet ist und dessen Außenring über speichenartige Radialstreben mit der Führungshülse 30 verbunden ist. Die Führungshülsen 30 bzw. 30' sind mit axialem Abstand von den ihnen jeweils benachbarten unteren und oberen Flanschen 21 und 21' angeordnet, wobei die axialen Abstände ausreichend groß bemessen sind, daß die beiden Trägeranordnungen 2 und 3 ihr betriebliches Bewegungsspiel in Richtung der Zentralachse 4 zum Transport der Werkstücke 5 ausführen können.The second carrier arrangement 3 has lower and upper guide sleeves 30, 30 'which are axially guided and rotatably supported on the carrier shaft 20. Lower and upper carrier rings 31, 31 'are firmly connected to the guide sleeves 30, 30'. Everyone Carrier ring 31 or 31 'in the exemplary embodiment shown is designed in the manner of a wheel, the hub of which is formed by the guide sleeve 30 and the outer ring of which is connected to the guide sleeve 30 via spoke-like radial struts. The guide sleeves 30 and 30 'are arranged at an axial distance from their respective lower and upper flanges 21 and 21', the axial distances being dimensioned sufficiently large that the two carrier arrangements 2 and 3 have their operational play in the direction of the central axis 4 can perform to transport the workpieces 5.

Zur zweiten Trägeranoardnung 3 gehören ferner achsparallele Trägerstangenpaare 32, die in gleichmäßiger Winkelverteilung und passender räumlicher Zuordnung zu der inneren Trägeranordnung 2 zwischen den beiden Außenringen der beiden Trägerkränze 31 und 31' verspannt gehalten sind. Auf den Trägerstangenpaaren 32 sind die der zweiten Trägeranordnung 3 zugeordneten, ebenfalls gabelförmig ausgebildeten Tragelemente 9 in der gleichen Weise wie bei der ersten Trägeranordnung 2 aufgesteckt, wobei die Etagenhöhe zwischen benachbarten Tragelementen 9 auch hier durch die Vertikalabmessungen der Fußteile 38 der Tragelemente 9 und der auf die Stangenpaare 32 aufgesteckten Distanzstücke 39 bestimmt ist.The second support arrangement 3 also includes axially parallel support rod pairs 32, which are held clamped between the two outer rings of the two support rings 31 and 31 'in a uniform angular distribution and with a suitable spatial assignment to the inner support arrangement 2. On the pairs of support rods 32 the support elements 9, which are also fork-shaped and assigned to the second support arrangement 3, are attached in the same way as in the first support arrangement 2, the level between adjacent support elements 9 also here being determined by the vertical dimensions of the foot parts 38 of the support elements 9 and by the pairs of rods 32 is attached spacers 39 is determined.

Bei dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die gesamte zweite Trägeranordnung 3 über am oberen Trägerkranz 31' angreifende Anker 35 am Ofendeckel 11 aufgehängt. Die radiale Zentrierung der zweiten Trägeranordnung 3 in Bezug auf die erste Trägeranordnung 2 erfolgt dabei, wie oben gesagt, über die auf der Trägerwelle 20 gleitenden Führungshülsen 30 und 30'. Die zweite Trägeranordnung 3 mit den zugehörigen Tragelementen 9 bleibt im Betrieb stationär. Die zum Transport der Werkstücke 5 erforderlichen Relativbewegungen der Tragelemente 8 und 9 sowohl vertikal als auch in Umfangsrichtung der Transportbahn werden durch entsprechende Bewegung der als Betätigungsstange dienenden Trägerwelle 20 bewirkt, die durch einen in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten geeigneten Hub- und Drehantrieb angetrieben wird. Die Trägerwelle 20 ist durch eine geeignete Durchführung 13 durch den Ofendeckel 11 nach außen geführt.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the entire second carrier arrangement 3 is suspended from the furnace cover 11 via anchors 35 which engage on the upper carrier ring 31 '. The radial centering of the second carrier arrangement 3 with respect to the first carrier arrangement 2 takes place, as mentioned above, via the guide sleeves 30 and 30 'sliding on the carrier shaft 20. The second carrier arrangement 3 with the associated support elements 9 remains stationary during operation. The relative movements of the support elements required to transport the workpieces 5 8 and 9, both vertically and in the circumferential direction of the transport path, are brought about by corresponding movement of the support shaft 20 serving as an actuating rod, which is driven by a suitable lifting and rotating drive (not shown in the drawing). The carrier shaft 20 is guided through a suitable passage 13 through the furnace cover 11 to the outside.

In Figur 2 ist die Ausbildung und die Relativlage der zusammenwirkenden inneren und äußeren Tragelemente 8 und 9 veranschaulicht. Die beiden stabförmigen Trägerarme der gabelförmigen Tragelemente 9 der zweiten Trägeranordnung 3 weisen etwa radial einwärts und haben einen größeren Abstand als die beiden radial nach außen weisenden Tragarme der gabelförmigen Tragelemente 8 der ersten Trägeranordnung 2. In der dargestellten Relativlage der Tragelemente 8 und 9 kann die erste Trägeranordnung über die als Betätigungsstange wirkende Trägerwelle 20 relativ zur stationären zweiten Trägeranordnung 3 axial angehoben oder abgesenkt werden, um ein Werkstück 5 von einem Tragelement 9 abzuheben oder auf dieses abzusetzen. Der axiale Hub ist dabei so bemessen, daß am Ende der Hubbewegung die radial nach außen weisenden Tragelemente 8 über den zugehörigen Tragelementen 9 oder unter diesen um einen geeigneten Drehschritt zur nächsten Position gedreht werden können. In dem in Figur 2 dargestellten Beispiel sind jeweils 6 Tragelementenpaare 8 und 9 in einem Winkelabstand von 60° verteilt angeordnet, und jeder Drehschritt der inneren Trägeranordnung 6, bei dem beispielsweise ein Werkstück von dem einen stationären Tragelement 9 zu dessen benachbarten Tragelement 9 überführt wird, schließt einen Drehwinkel von 60° ein. Nach dem Absetzen des Werkstücks auf dem benachbarten äußeren Tragelement 9 wird die erste Trägeranordnung 2 soweit abgesenkt, daß die zugehörigen Tragelemente 8 unter den äußeren Tragelementen 9 in einem entsprechenden gegenläufigen Drehschritt zurückbewegt werden können. (Ein Weiterdrehen in einer Richtung ist wegen des wendelförmigen Verlaufs der Transportbahn 6 bei dem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel nicht möglich; die Hubbewegung kann nur eine Stufe von einem zum nächstfolgenden äußeren Tragelement 9 ausgleichen). Wie in Figur 2 deutlich zu sehen ist, sind die gabelförmigen Tragelemente 8 bzw. 9 auf den vertikalen Trägerstangenpaaren 22 bzw. 32 drehfest gehalten. Aufgrund der genauen Zentrierung zwischen der als Betätigungsstange dienenden Trägerwelle 20 und den Führungshülsen 30, 30' sind auch die Trägeranordnungen 2 und 3 genau zueinander zentriert, und die gabelförmigen Tragelement 8 und 9 können in einem exakt aufeinander abgestimmten Bewegungsspiel mit relativ geringen Abständen zueinander geführt und bewegt werden.FIG. 2 illustrates the design and the relative position of the cooperating inner and outer support elements 8 and 9. The two rod-shaped support arms of the fork-shaped support elements 9 of the second support arrangement 3 are approximately radially inward and have a greater distance than the two radially outward-pointing support arms of the fork-shaped support elements 8 of the first support arrangement 2. In the illustrated relative position of the support elements 8 and 9, the first Carrier arrangement can be axially raised or lowered relative to the stationary second carrier arrangement 3 via the carrier shaft 20, which acts as an actuating rod, in order to lift a workpiece 5 from a carrier element 9 or place it on the latter. The axial stroke is dimensioned such that at the end of the stroke movement, the radially outward-pointing support elements 8 can be rotated by a suitable rotation step to the next position above or below the associated support elements 9. In the example shown in FIG. 2, 6 pairs of support elements 8 and 9 are each distributed at an angular distance of 60 °, and each rotation step of the inner support arrangement 6, in which, for example, a workpiece is transferred from one stationary support element 9 to its adjacent support element 9, includes an angle of rotation of 60 °. After the workpiece has been placed on the adjacent outer support element 9, the first support arrangement 2 is lowered to such an extent that the associated support elements 8 move back under the outer support elements 9 in a corresponding counter-rotating step can be. (A further turning in one direction is not possible because of the helical course of the transport track 6 in the embodiment shown in the drawing; the lifting movement can only compensate one step from one to the next outer supporting element 9). As can be clearly seen in FIG. 2, the fork-shaped support elements 8 and 9 are held on the vertical pairs of support rods 22 and 32 in a rotationally fixed manner. Due to the exact centering between the support shaft 20 serving as an actuating rod and the guide sleeves 30, 30 ', the support arrangements 2 and 3 are also exactly centered with respect to one another, and the fork-shaped support elements 8 and 9 can be guided in a precisely coordinated range of motion with relatively short distances from one another and be moved.

Die gabelförmigen Tragelemente sind beispielsweise jeweils einstückig aus hitzebeständigem Stahlguß oder auch als Schweißteile hergestellt, oder sie bestehen aus keramischem Material.The fork-shaped support elements are, for example, each made in one piece from heat-resistant cast steel or as welded parts, or they consist of ceramic material.

Claims (13)

  1. A furnace for the heat treatment of workpieces comprising an especially helical-shaped transport path, said transport path being located in a heat-treatment chamber in which at least two groups of roughly bar-shaped support elements (8, 9) are mounted on two support means (2, 3) and the two support means together with the associated support elements are movable relative to each other both vertically and in the circumferential direction of the transport path such that the workpieces (5) are transported along the transport path, characterised in that the first support means (2) has a vertical support shaft (20) extending through at least one furnace wall (11) and that at least one sleeve (30, 30') rigidly connected with the second support means (3) is mounted on the vertical support shaft (20) such that the support shaft (20) and the sleeve (30, 30') can be rotated and moved relative to each other along a central axis (4), the support shaft (20) and the sleeve (30, 30') guiding each other.
  2. A furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that two flanges (21, 21') are fixedly mounted in vertically spaced positions on the support shaft (20), that support bars (22) with parallel axes are mounted on said two flanges and that support elements (8) projecting substantially radially outwards are non-rotatably mounted on the support bars.
  3. A furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support elements (9) of the second support means (3) are arranged in a uniform angular distribution around the central axis (20), project substantially radially inwards and are connected to at least one support ring (31, 31') which is fastened to the sleeve (30, 30') coaxially to the central axis (4).
  4. A furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that a second sleeve (30') vertically spaced with respect to said first mentioned sleeve (30) is mounted on the support shaft (20) rotable around and movable along said support shaft (20) and connected rigidly with a second support ring (31') and that the support elements (9) of the second support means (3) are mounted non-rotatably on support bars (32) with parallel axes, which are attached to the two support rings (31, 31') aligned with respect to each other.
  5. A furnace according to claims 2 and 4, characterized in that the two sleeves (30, 30') are spaced at a distance from each other such that the two sleeves (30, 30') of the second support means (3) interconnected by the two support rings (31, 31') and the support bars (32) can be moved by a predetermined axial stroke relative to said interior located shaft-fixed flanges (21, 21') of the first support means (2).
  6. A furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second support means (3) is suspended from a furnace cover (11) into the furnace interior (10) by means of anchors (35).
  7. A furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second support means (3) is stationarily held in place in the furnace (1) and that the support shaft (20) is both movable in the axial direction and rotable for relative movement between said first and said second support means (2 and 3) and can be coupled with drives for lifting and lowering and for rotation.
  8. A furnace according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the support elements (8, 9) are each provided with a footing means (28, 38) insertable on a bar or a pair of bars (22, 32).
  9. A furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that several support elements (8 or 9) are mounted vertically one above the other on a bar or a pair of bars (22 or 32) and are kept spaced relative to each other by means of at least one preferably tubular or twin-tube shaped spacer means (29 or 39) inserted on the bar or the pair of bars.
  10. A furnace according to any one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the support elements (8, 9) are fork-shaped.
  11. A furnace according to claim 10, characterized in that the support arms projecting radially inwards of the fork-shaped support elements (9) of the second support means (3) are spaced sufficiently apart from each other so as to allow the support elements (8) of the first support means (2) to penetrate between said arms without touching said arms.
  12. A furnace according to any one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the support elements (8, 9) and the associated footing means (28, 38) are made of ceramic material.
  13. A furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the support elements (8, 9) and the associated footing means (28, 38) are in one piece and are made of heat-resistant steel casting.
EP86106537A 1985-05-22 1986-05-14 Furnace for heat-treating work pieces Expired - Lifetime EP0203454B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86106537T ATE91726T1 (en) 1985-05-22 1986-05-14 FURNACE FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF WORKPIECES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3518347A DE3518347C1 (en) 1985-05-22 1985-05-22 Furnace for heat treatment of work pieces
DE3518347 1985-05-22

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EP0203454A2 EP0203454A2 (en) 1986-12-03
EP0203454A3 EP0203454A3 (en) 1989-06-07
EP0203454B1 true EP0203454B1 (en) 1993-07-21

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EP (1) EP0203454B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61266517A (en)
CN (1) CN1014269B (en)
AT (1) ATE91726T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8602318A (en)
DE (2) DE3518347C1 (en)
IN (1) IN167340B (en)

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CN106017111A (en) * 2016-07-07 2016-10-12 安庆市庆华精工机械有限责任公司 Novel heat treatment device of taphole bricks and treatment method
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN167340B (en) 1990-10-06
CN1014269B (en) 1991-10-09
DE3518347C1 (en) 1986-12-04
CN86103498A (en) 1986-11-26
DE3688714D1 (en) 1993-08-26
BR8602318A (en) 1987-01-21
US4738577A (en) 1988-04-19
JPS61266517A (en) 1986-11-26
ATE91726T1 (en) 1993-08-15
EP0203454A3 (en) 1989-06-07
EP0203454A2 (en) 1986-12-03

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