EP0200644A1 - Process for the combustion of fluid fuels and toroidal burner adapted for its application - Google Patents

Process for the combustion of fluid fuels and toroidal burner adapted for its application Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0200644A1
EP0200644A1 EP86400901A EP86400901A EP0200644A1 EP 0200644 A1 EP0200644 A1 EP 0200644A1 EP 86400901 A EP86400901 A EP 86400901A EP 86400901 A EP86400901 A EP 86400901A EP 0200644 A1 EP0200644 A1 EP 0200644A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
burner
diameter
tertiary air
injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86400901A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0200644B1 (en
Inventor
Gérard Flament
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Charbonnages de France CDF
Original Assignee
Charbonnages de France CDF
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Charbonnages de France CDF filed Critical Charbonnages de France CDF
Priority to AT86400901T priority Critical patent/ATE45621T1/en
Publication of EP0200644A1 publication Critical patent/EP0200644A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0200644B1 publication Critical patent/EP0200644B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/02—Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the combustion of fluid fuels, such as pulverized coal suspended in air, and a turbulence burner suitable for implementing this method.
  • turbulence burners designates burners in which a fluid fuel, such as coal pulverized in suspension in a stream of primary air, is introduced into a hearth by means of a nozzle and in which secondary air, necessary for the combustion of the fuel, is rotated around the end of the nozzle, for example by means of deflector flaps commonly called louvers.
  • a fluid fuel such as coal pulverized in suspension in a stream of primary air
  • secondary air necessary for the combustion of the fuel
  • this type of burner can in certain cases pose problems difficult to solve in order to obtain a flame which is stable and which is not excessively cooled by radiation towards the walls of the hearth and by recirculation of the external gases in the flame, with the consequence of a reduction in the combustion efficiency.
  • the flame obtained extends over a relatively large diameter and it may be desirable to confine it in as small a volume as possible, especially if the burner is used in a stove of reduced dimensions, such as a drum dryer. .
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a combustion method and a burner implementing this method, which make it possible to avoid the above drawbacks and therefore to carry out a substantially complete combustion of the fuel in a flame of great stability and limited volume, avoiding deposits of solid matter on the walls of the chamber and hearth.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a burner which can operate without additional fuel and without preheating the combustion air, that is to say in which the flame stability is independent of the thermal conditions imposed through the combustion chamber.
  • the invention relates to a combustion process according to which a fluid fuel is injected along an axis, such as coal pulverized in mixture with primary air, and secondary air is introduced along a helical path around said axis, characterized in that tertiary air is injected around the combustible fluid and secondary air substantially in the same direction as the combustible fluid, according to a substantially continuous coaxial ring circumferentially and laterally confined downstream of the injection (this tertiary air opens along the wall of a combustion chamber which extends downstream).
  • a fluid fuel is injected along an axis, such as coal pulverized in mixture with primary air
  • secondary air is introduced along a helical path around said axis
  • the tertiary air flow must be of the same order of magnitude as the secondary air flow because its function is to create a cold air jacket between the jet of gas in combustion and the wall of the combustion chamber so that the combustion can take place in this room without damage to the walls.
  • this cold tertiary air jacket must cool the ash particles in the vicinity of the wall and prevent them from coming into contact with this wall and sticking to it.
  • This flow of cold parietal air also has a cooling effect on the wall which will be beneficial for the holding thereof. This flow prevents in particular the recirculation of combustion gases laden with particles between this air and this wall.
  • the length of the combustion chamber is sufficient to allow most of the combustion to take place there and at least to allow stable attachment of the flame regardless of the conditions and the geometry of the space in which the burner opens.
  • a substantially adiabatic enclosure is thus produced from the fuel injection point in which the flame is stabilized and most of the combustion carried out.
  • the quantity of tertiary air required to protect the walls of the combustion chamber can be such that, if it is desired to keep an overall excess of air not too high (ie an air factor less than 1.6), it is necessary to operate in the absence of air before the injection of tertiary air.
  • This is not necessarily necessary but can be accepted advantageously because a sub-stoichiometric combustion in its first phase can be beneficial both from the point of view of inflammation when it is not favored elsewhere (cold combustion air , fuel difficult to ignite) only from the point of view of the ND x emissions which will be reduced in this case.
  • This sub-stoichiometric combustion will even generally be necessary when working under conditions making ignition difficult, that is to say for example: cold combustion air (especially in winter), coarse particle size, low-grade fuel in volatile matter, very ashy or wet fuel.
  • the "swirl number" of the flow produced by the primary and secondary air is moderate (D, 3 to 2) but sufficient to create an internal recirculation zone of hot burnt gases which allows heating and therefore rapid ignition of the fuel. as soon as it comes into contact with secondary air.
  • the invention proposes in parallel a turbulence burner, for the implementation of the method according to the invention, comprising a pipe for the supply of fuel and possibly primary air along an axis, a supply device for the injection of secondary air following a helical path around said axis, burner characterized in that it comprises a device for the injection of tertiary air in a ring around said axis and parallel to the direction of fuel injection.
  • this injection device tertiary air is in a plane perpendicular to the axis, located at a distance from the burner nose between 0.5 and 1.5 times the diameter of the burner neck and it has a diameter between 1.8 and 3 , 6 times the diameter of the burner neck.
  • the device for injecting tertiary air can be constituted by any means capable of creating a continuous air curtain between the flame and the combustion chamber. According to one embodiment, it consists of an annular slot placed in a plane perpendicular to the axis, which may optionally include a grid pierced with holes or made of porous material, which allows this air to be better distributed.
  • it is constituted by a multiplicity of nozzles opening substantially parallel to the axis in the vicinity of the periphery of the combustion chamber.
  • the number of these nozzles, when they are cylindrical, must be high (greater than or equal to 16, for example) so that the air curtain formed is continuous.
  • the spacing between the axes of two consecutive nozzles must be limited, that is to say preferably less than 2 times their diameter.
  • the single figure appended hereto represents, by way of nonlimiting example, a schematic view in longitudinal section of a burner according to the invention.
  • This burner is of the turbulence type.
  • Ue conventionally it includes a device for injecting a fluid fuel such as, for example, pulverized coal suspended in a primary air stream as well as a secondary air injection device suitable for injecting l secondary air along a helical path around the fluid fuel.
  • a fluid fuel such as, for example, pulverized coal suspended in a primary air stream
  • a secondary air injection device suitable for injecting l secondary air along a helical path around the fluid fuel.
  • first pipe 1 for supplying the fluid fuel into an annular duct 2 oriented along an axis XX and terminated by an injection nozzle 3.
  • This annular duct 2 is delimited internally by a generally hollow bar 2A in which one for example has an ignition torch not shown (or a flame detector, or an auxiliary fuel injection pipe, etc.).
  • This burner also comprises at least a second pipe 4 for supplying a secondary air flow in a wind box 5, here arranged around the annular duct 2.
  • This wind box has a volume large enough to allow a good homogenization of the secondary air supplied by the pipes 4. It is axially delimited between a fixed wall 5A and a flange 58 which can slide axially along the duct 2 under the action of a control linkage shown here in simplified form by a 5C line.
  • This wind box is radially limited by a cylindrical wall 5D, composed of successive sections provided with connection flanges, which extends axially beyond the movable flange to a second fixed wall 5E which progressively connects to a portion tubular 5F surrounding the injection nozzle 3.
  • This second fixed wall 5E carries in axial projection, in the direction of the movable flange 5B, a plurality of deflector flaps or louvers 6 parallel to the axis XX but having a given angle relative to planes containing the axis XX and intersecting these louvers.
  • lights 6A are arranged axially in the movable flange so as to allow the movable flange to be brought closer to the fixed wall 5E.
  • a secondary air stream is thus injected around the combustible fluid stream with a movement of rotation defined by the inclination of the louvers, with a regulated flow according to the axial position of the movable flange.
  • sleeves of selected thickness are arranged in the annular conduit 2 or in the tubular portion 5F so as to allow adjustment of the flow rates in these conduits.
  • the tubular portion 5F in fact here consists of two sections, the first 5F 'of which is integral with the wall 5E and the second 5F "is connected to the first by securing two transverse walls 5G and 10A by means of any type of connection.
  • the walls 5E and 5G are kept parallel by spacers 5H.
  • the tubular section 5F "extends axially approximately up to the level of the end of the nozzle 3 for injecting fluid fuel, and defines a nozzle 7 for injecting secondary air into a zone called" burner nose " .
  • This tubular section 5F is preferably connected in a zone 8 called” burner neck ", to an opening 14 progressively opening away from the nozzles 3 and 7, here of frustoconical shape.
  • This opening is advantageously made in a refractory material, such as refractory concrete resistant, preferably up to 1400 ° C.
  • This refractory material is here engaged in a cylindrical bowl 14A in which it is fixed by means shown diagrammatically in 14B.
  • the bowl 14A can have a frustoconical shape, or be partially cylindrical and partially frustoconical.
  • annular stream of tertiary air is injected around the combustible fluid and the secondary air, substantially in the direction of the axis X-X, along an axial ring.
  • the burner according to the invention in fact comprises a device for injecting a stream of tertiary air around the axis XX, around the outlet 14.
  • This device comprises at least one supply air duct 9 for tertiary air opening into a wind box 10 delimited in particular by the wall 10A and the section 5F "mentioned above as well as the bowl 14A receiving said refractory material
  • This wind box is further delimited by a radially external cylindrical wall 1GB extended axially around the flue 14 by a cylindrical section 12A which defines with this flue a substantially continuous annular nozzle of tertiary air.
  • This section 12A is preferably extended axially by a cylindrical confinement wall 13, here made up of three modular elements, which delimits a combustion chamber 11 in front of the shutter.
  • This confinement wall 13 is in practice internally coated with a refractory layer, for example of a material identical to that of the quill, preferably lined with an insulating layer 13A, such as an insulating wool, intended to make the combustion chamber 11 substantially adiabatic.
  • This burner can be connected by any known means, to a hearth wall for example, the pipes 4 and 9 then being advantageously arranged on the same side of this wall, away from the flame.
  • the speed of the tertiary air as it enters the combustion chamber is of the same order of magnitude as the average speed of the combustion gases circulating in the same area;
  • the mass flow of tertiary air is preferably between D, 2 and 1.0 times the total mass flow of primary and secondary air, which is advantageously between 0.7 and 1.2 times the mass flow of air required to the complete combustion of the fuel (so-called "stoichiometric" flow).
  • This annular current forms a thermal protection ply of the confinement wall 13 and provides a kind of sheathing of the mixture of gases in the combustion chamber.
  • This annular current is, in the example shown, obtained from a circumferentially continuous nozzle (or slot).
  • the shutter 14 and the section 12A are connected by substantially radial fins channeling the tertiary air by imposing, if necessary, a slight rotational movement, either by a perforated grid or by a plurality of adjacent nozzles, for example oval or elliptical, which, when they are cylindrical, are separated circumferentially by a distance advantageously less than or equal to their diameter: such nozzles are thus generally in a number greater than or equal to 16.
  • the diameter of the crown according to which the tertiary air is injected is advantageously between 1 , 8 and 3.6 times the diameter of the burner neck (at 8), and the tertiary air is injected downstream of this neck at a distance preferably between 0.5 and 1.5 times this neck diameter.
  • the number of swirls at the outlet of the burner neck is preferably chosen between 0.3 and 2, just sufficient to allow the creation of a closed internal recirculation zone favorable to inflammation.
  • the combustion chamber preferably extends over a length of between 0.2 and 1 times its diameter (it allows flame protection).
  • the ratio of the inlet and outlet diameters of the outlet is preferably chosen between 1.5 and 2.
  • the length of the burner is to be chosen according to the desired residence time for the fluid fuel, which varies for example with the particle size of the pulverized coal, while the ratio of its inlet and outlet diameters is to be chosen according to the desired aerodynamic characteristics.
  • the overall air flow (primary + secondary + tertiary) is preferably chosen to be 1.2 to 1.6 times the aforementioned stoichiometric flow.
  • the injection speed of the fluid fuel is around 20m / s
  • that of the secondary air can vary between 15 and 35-40m / s
  • that of the tertiary air can vary between 5 and 20-30m / s.
  • the diameter of the burner neck is for example from 0.20 m to 0.60 m approximately.
  • a burner according to the invention can be mounted for example in a drum-dryer of a coating station.
  • the secondary air and the tertiary air can come from the same wind box provided with a suitable distributor.
  • the burner which has been described lends itself to numerous adjustments corresponding to a wide variety of possible operating situations. Simplified versions of this burner, with lesser adjustment possibilities, are within the reach of those skilled in the art depending on the specific applications envisaged.
  • the combustion chamber may contain a cooling system, which may prove to be advantageous in the case of boilers; the heat collected by the cooling fluid is then advantageously recovered.
  • Another important advantage of the burner according to the invention lies in the fact that it can operate in any position, while many burners of this type can only be used in the vertical position.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

In this combustion process a fluid fuel such as pulverized coal mixed with primary air is injected along an axis and secondary air is injected along a helical path around the axis. Tertiary air is injected around the combustible fluid and the secondary air in substantially the same direction as the combustible fluid, in a substantial circumferentially continuous coaxial ring which is laterally confined downstream of the injection point.

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé pour la combustion de combustibles fluides, tels que le charbon pulvérisé en suspension dans l'air, et un brûleur à turbulence adapté à la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.The invention relates to a method for the combustion of fluid fuels, such as pulverized coal suspended in air, and a turbulence burner suitable for implementing this method.

On désigne sous le nom de brûleurs à turbulence, des brûleurs dans lesquels un combustible fluide, tel que du charbon pulvérisé en suspension dans un courant d'air primaire, est introduit dans un foyer au moyen d'un ajutage et dans lesquels de l'air secondaire, nécessaire à la combustion du combustible, est mis en rotation autour de l'extrémité de l'ajutage, par exemple au moyen de volets déflecteurs couramment appelés ventelles. Un tel brûleur est notamment décrit dans le brevet français N° 2.054.741.The term “turbulence burners” designates burners in which a fluid fuel, such as coal pulverized in suspension in a stream of primary air, is introduced into a hearth by means of a nozzle and in which secondary air, necessary for the combustion of the fuel, is rotated around the end of the nozzle, for example by means of deflector flaps commonly called louvers. Such a burner is described in particular in French patent No. 2,054,741.

Ces brûleurs communiquent aux produits de combustion un mouvement tourbillonnaire, souvent désigné sous le nom de "swirl", qui provoque une forte recirculation interne du combustible et des gaz, améliorant la combustion en assurant un brassage vigoureux des produits. Ce mouvement est caractérisé par le "nombre de swirl" qui représente le débit de moment cinétique de rotation par rapport au débit de quantité de mouvement axial, pour un rayon donné du flux de produits sortant du brûleur.These burners impart a vortex movement to the combustion products, often referred to as a "swirl", which causes strong internal recirculation of fuel and gases, improving combustion by ensuring vigorous mixing of the products. This movement is characterized by the "number of swirls" which represents the rate of angular moment of rotation with respect to the flow of quantity of axial movement, for a given radius of the flow of products leaving the burner.

La mise en oeuvre de ce type de brûleur peut dans certains cas poser des problèmes difficiles à résoudre pour obtenir une flamme qui soit stable et qui ne soit pas excessivement refroidie par rayonnement vers les parois du foyer et par recirculation des gaz extérieurs dans la flamme, avec comme conséquence une diminution du rendement de la combustion. Par ailleurs, la flamme obtenue s'étend sur un diamètre relativement important et il peut être souhaitable de la confiner dans un volume aussi restreint que possible, notamment si le brûleur est utilisé dans un foyer de dimensions réduites, tel qu'un tambour-sécheur.The implementation of this type of burner can in certain cases pose problems difficult to solve in order to obtain a flame which is stable and which is not excessively cooled by radiation towards the walls of the hearth and by recirculation of the external gases in the flame, with the consequence of a reduction in the combustion efficiency. Furthermore, the flame obtained extends over a relatively large diameter and it may be desirable to confine it in as small a volume as possible, especially if the burner is used in a stove of reduced dimensions, such as a drum dryer. .

On a déjà proposé, dans la demande de brevet français 2.564.950, de limiter le volume de la flamme d'un brûleur à turbulence en la canalisant à l'intérieur d'une chambre de confinement. Toutefois les parois d'une telle chambre peuvent être portées à une température qui provoque à la fois leur encrassement par le collage de particules de cendres chaudes et leur détérioration rapide, malgré l'emploi de matériaux réfractaires.It has already been proposed, in French patent application 2,564,950, to limit the volume of the flame of a turbulence burner by channeling it inside a confinement chamber. However, the walls of such a chamber can be brought to a temperature which causes both their fouling by the bonding of hot ash particles and their rapid deterioration, despite the use of refractory materials.

La présente invention a pour but de proposer un procédé de combustion et un brûleur mettant en oeuvre ce procédé, qui permettent d'éviter les inconvénients ci-dessus et par conséquent de réaliser une combustion substantiellement complète du combustible dans une flamme de grande stabilité et de volume restreint, en évitant les dépôts de matières solides sur les parois de la chambre et du foyer.The object of the present invention is to propose a combustion method and a burner implementing this method, which make it possible to avoid the above drawbacks and therefore to carry out a substantially complete combustion of the fuel in a flame of great stability and limited volume, avoiding deposits of solid matter on the walls of the chamber and hearth.

Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un brûleur qui puisse fonctionner sans combustible d'appoint et sans préchauffage de l'air de combustion, c'est-à-dire dans lequel la stabilité de la flamme soit indépendante des conditions thermiques imposées par la chambre de combustion.Another object of the invention is to provide a burner which can operate without additional fuel and without preheating the combustion air, that is to say in which the flame stability is independent of the thermal conditions imposed through the combustion chamber.

Ces buts sont atteints si on réalise autour de la flamme une chemise aérodynamique d'air complémentaire qui l'isole de la chambre de combustion et à l'intérieur de laquelle le combustible est brûlé en quasi totalité.These aims are achieved if an aerodynamic jacket of complementary air is produced around the flame which isolates it from the combustion chamber and inside of which the fuel is burned almost entirely.

D'une façon plus précise, l'invention a pour objet un procédé de combustion selon lequel un combustible fluide est injecté selon un axe, tel que du charbon pulvérisé en mélange avec de l'air primaire, et de l'air secondaire est introduit selon un trajet en hélice autour dudit axe, caractérisé en ce que de l'air tertiaire est injecté autour du fluide combustible et de l'air secondaire sensiblement dans la même direction que le fluide combustible, selon une couronne coaxiale substantiellement continue circonférentiellement et latéralement confinée en aval de l'injection (cet air tertiaire débouche le long de la paroi d'une chambre de combustion qui s'étend vers l'aval).More specifically, the invention relates to a combustion process according to which a fluid fuel is injected along an axis, such as coal pulverized in mixture with primary air, and secondary air is introduced along a helical path around said axis, characterized in that tertiary air is injected around the combustible fluid and secondary air substantially in the same direction as the combustible fluid, according to a substantially continuous coaxial ring circumferentially and laterally confined downstream of the injection (this tertiary air opens along the wall of a combustion chamber which extends downstream).

Suivant d'autres caractéristiques préférées de l'invention :

  • - la composante axiale de la vitesse de l'air tertiaire à son entrée dans la chambre de combustion est du même ordre de grandeur que la composante axiale de la vitesse des gaz de combustion circulant dans la même zone,
  • - le débit massique de l'air tertiaire est compris entre 0,2 et 1,5 fois le débit massique total des airs primaire et secondaire,
  • - le diamètre de la couronne suivant laquelle est injecté l'air tertiaire est compris entre 1,8 et 3,6 fois le diamètre du col du brûleur,
  • - l'injection de l'air tertiaire s'effectue en aval du col du brûleur à une distance comprise entre 0,5 et 1,5 fois le diamètre du col du brûleur,
  • - le débit massique total des airs primaire et secondaire est compris entre 0,5 et 1,2 fois le débit massique d'air stoechiométrique,
  • - le débit massique total d'air de combustion est compris entre 1,2 et 1,6 fois le débit massique d'air stoechiométrique,
  • - le nombre de swirl à la sortie du col du brûleur est compris entre 0,3 et 2,
  • - l'air tertiaire débouche le long de la paroi d'une chambre de combustion cylindrique qui s'étend vers l'aval sur une longueur comprise entre 0,2 et 1 fois le diamètre de la couronne.
According to other preferred features of the invention:
  • the axial component of the speed of the tertiary air as it enters the combustion chamber is of the same order of magnitude as the axial component of the speed of the combustion gases circulating in the same area,
  • - the mass flow of tertiary air is between 0.2 and 1.5 times the total mass flow of primary and secondary air,
  • - the diameter of the crown along which the tertiary air is injected is between 1.8 and 3.6 times the diameter of the burner neck,
  • - the tertiary air is injected downstream from the burner neck at a distance of between 0.5 and 1.5 times the diameter of the burner neck,
  • - the total mass flow of primary and secondary air is between 0.5 and 1.2 times the mass flow of stoichiometric air,
  • - the total mass flow of combustion air is between 1.2 and 1.6 times the mass flow of stoichiometric air,
  • - the number of swirls at the outlet of the burner neck is between 0.3 and 2,
  • - Tertiary air opens along the wall of a cylindrical combustion chamber which extends downstream over a length between 0.2 and 1 times the diameter of the crown.

Le débit d'air tertiaire doit être du même ordre de grandeur que le débit d'air secondaire car sa fonction est de créer une chemise d'air froid entre le jet de gaz en combustion et la paroi de la chambre de combustion afin que la combustion puisse se dérouler dans cette chambre sans dommages pour les parois. En particulier, cette chemise d'air tertiaire froid doit refroidir les particules de cendres au voisinage de la paroi et les empêcher de venir en contact avec cette paroi et de s'y coller. Cet écoulement d'air froid pariétal a également un effet de refroidissement de la paroi qui sera bénéfique pour la tenue de celle-ci. Cet écoulement empêche notamment la recirculation de gaz de combustion chargés de particules entre cet air et cette paroi.The tertiary air flow must be of the same order of magnitude as the secondary air flow because its function is to create a cold air jacket between the jet of gas in combustion and the wall of the combustion chamber so that the combustion can take place in this room without damage to the walls. In particular, this cold tertiary air jacket must cool the ash particles in the vicinity of the wall and prevent them from coming into contact with this wall and sticking to it. This flow of cold parietal air also has a cooling effect on the wall which will be beneficial for the holding thereof. This flow prevents in particular the recirculation of combustion gases laden with particles between this air and this wall.

La longueur de la chambre de combustion est suffisante pour permettre à la plus grande partie de la combustion de s'y dérouler et au minimum pour permettre un accrochage stable de la flamme indépendamment des conditions et de la géométrie de l'espace dans lequel le brûleur, débouche. On réalise ainsi, à partir du point d'injection du combustible une enceinte sensiblement adiabatique dans laquelle la flamme est stabilisée et la plus grande partie de la combustion réalisée.The length of the combustion chamber is sufficient to allow most of the combustion to take place there and at least to allow stable attachment of the flame regardless of the conditions and the geometry of the space in which the burner opens. A substantially adiabatic enclosure is thus produced from the fuel injection point in which the flame is stabilized and most of the combustion carried out.

La quantité d'air tertiaire requise pour protéger les parois de la chambre de combustion peut être telle que, si l'on souhaite conserver un excès d'air global pas trop élevé (soit un facteur d'air inférieur à 1,6), il soit nécessaire d'opérer en défaut d'air avant l'injection d'air tertiaire. Ceci n'est pas forcément nécessaire mais peut être accepté avantageusement car une combustion sous-stoechiométrique dans sa première phase peut être bénéfique tant du point de vue de l'inflammation lorsque celle-ci n'est pas favorisée par ailleurs (air de combustion froid, combustible difficile à enflammer) que du point de vue des émissions de NDx qui seront réduites dans ce cas. Cette combustion sous-stoechiométrique sera même généralement nécessaire lorsque l'on travaille dans des conditions rendant l'inflammation difficile, c'est-à-dire par exemple : air de combustion froid (notamment en hiver), granulométrie grossière, combustible à faible teneur en matières volatiles, combustible très cendreux ou humide.The quantity of tertiary air required to protect the walls of the combustion chamber can be such that, if it is desired to keep an overall excess of air not too high (ie an air factor less than 1.6), it is necessary to operate in the absence of air before the injection of tertiary air. This is not necessarily necessary but can be accepted advantageously because a sub-stoichiometric combustion in its first phase can be beneficial both from the point of view of inflammation when it is not favored elsewhere (cold combustion air , fuel difficult to ignite) only from the point of view of the ND x emissions which will be reduced in this case. This sub-stoichiometric combustion will even generally be necessary when working under conditions making ignition difficult, that is to say for example: cold combustion air (especially in winter), coarse particle size, low-grade fuel in volatile matter, very ashy or wet fuel.

Le "nombre de swirl" de l'écoulement produit par les airs primaire et secondaire est modéré (D,3 à 2) mais suffisant pour créer une zone de recirculation interne de gaz brûlés chauds qui permet un échauffement et donc une inflammation rapide du combustible dès sa mise en contact avec l'air secondaire.The "swirl number" of the flow produced by the primary and secondary air is moderate (D, 3 to 2) but sufficient to create an internal recirculation zone of hot burnt gases which allows heating and therefore rapid ignition of the fuel. as soon as it comes into contact with secondary air.

L'invention propose parallèlement un brûleur à turbulence, pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention, comportant une canalisation pour l'alimentation en combustible et éventuellement en air primaire selon un axe, un dispositif d'alimentation pour l'injection d'air secondaire suivant un trajet en hélice autour dudit axe, brûleur caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif pour l'injection d'air tertiaire en couronne autour dudit axe et parallèlement à la direction de l'injection du combustible. Selon des caractéristiques préférées de l'invention, ce dispositif d'injection d'air tertiaire est dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe, situé à une distance du nez du brûleur comprise entre 0,5 et 1,5 fois le diamètre du col du brûleur et il a un diamètre compris entre 1,8 et 3,6 fois le diamètre du col du brûleur.The invention proposes in parallel a turbulence burner, for the implementation of the method according to the invention, comprising a pipe for the supply of fuel and possibly primary air along an axis, a supply device for the injection of secondary air following a helical path around said axis, burner characterized in that it comprises a device for the injection of tertiary air in a ring around said axis and parallel to the direction of fuel injection. According to preferred features of the invention, this injection device tertiary air is in a plane perpendicular to the axis, located at a distance from the burner nose between 0.5 and 1.5 times the diameter of the burner neck and it has a diameter between 1.8 and 3 , 6 times the diameter of the burner neck.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • - le dispositif d'injection d'air tertiaire est situé au voisinage de la paroi d'une chambre de combustion cylindrique et coaxiale,
  • - la chambre de combustion a une longueur comprise entre 0,2 et 1 fois son diamètre,
  • - la col du brûleur est raccordé à la chambre de combustion par un ouvreau tronconique en matériau réfractaire résistant à une température de 14000C avec un demi-angle au sommet avantageusement compris entre 10 et 35°.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the tertiary air injection device is located in the vicinity of the wall of a cylindrical and coaxial combustion chamber,
  • - the combustion chamber has a length of between 0.2 and 1 times its diameter,
  • - The neck of the burner is connected to the combustion chamber by a frustoconical opening in refractory material resistant to a temperature of 1400 0 C with a half-angle at the top advantageously between 10 and 35 °.

Le dispositif pour l'injection d'air tertiaire peut être constitué par tout moyen susceptible de créer un rideau d'air continu entre la flamme et la chambre de combustion. Selon un mode de réalisation, il est constitué par une fente annulaire placée dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe, qui peut éventuellement comporter une grille percée de trous ou en matériau poreux, qui permet de mieux répartir cet air.The device for injecting tertiary air can be constituted by any means capable of creating a continuous air curtain between the flame and the combustion chamber. According to one embodiment, it consists of an annular slot placed in a plane perpendicular to the axis, which may optionally include a grid pierced with holes or made of porous material, which allows this air to be better distributed.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, il est constitué par une multiplicité de busettes débouchant sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe au voisinage de la périphérie de la chambre de combustion. Le nombre de ces busettes, lorsqu'elles sont cylindriques, doit être élevé (supérieur ou égal à 16, par exemple) pour que le rideau d'air formé soit continu. Pour cette même raison, l'espacement entre les axes de deux busettes consécutives doit être limité, c'est-à-dire de préférence inférieur à 2 fois leur diamètre.According to another embodiment, it is constituted by a multiplicity of nozzles opening substantially parallel to the axis in the vicinity of the periphery of the combustion chamber. The number of these nozzles, when they are cylindrical, must be high (greater than or equal to 16, for example) so that the air curtain formed is continuous. For this same reason, the spacing between the axes of two consecutive nozzles must be limited, that is to say preferably less than 2 times their diameter.

La figure unique jointe en annexe représente, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un brûleur selon l'invention.The single figure appended hereto represents, by way of nonlimiting example, a schematic view in longitudinal section of a burner according to the invention.

Par souci de simplicité, la plupart des parois sont représentées, sans épaisseur, par de simples traits. Des pièces plus massives sont représentées avec des points ou des hachures.For the sake of simplicity, most of the walls are shown, without thickness, by simple lines. More massive pieces are shown with dots or hatching.

Ce brûleur est du type à turbulence. Ue façon classique il comporte un dispositif d'injection d'un combustible fluide tel que, par exemple, du charbon pulvérisé en suspension dans un courant d'air primaire ainsi qu'un dispositif d'injection d'air secondaire adapté à injecter de l'air secondaire selon une trajectoire hélicoïdale autour du combustible fluide.This burner is of the turbulence type. Ue conventionally it includes a device for injecting a fluid fuel such as, for example, pulverized coal suspended in a primary air stream as well as a secondary air injection device suitable for injecting l secondary air along a helical path around the fluid fuel.

Il comporte ainsi une première canalisation 1 pour l'amenée du combustible fluide dans un conduit annulaire 2 orienté selon un axe X-X et terminé par un ajutage d'injection 3. Ce conduit annulaire 2 est délimité intérieurement par une barre 2A généralement creuse dans laquelle on dispose par exemple une torche d'allumage non représentée (ou un détecteur de flamme, ou encore un conduit auxiliaire d'injection de fuel ...).It thus comprises a first pipe 1 for supplying the fluid fuel into an annular duct 2 oriented along an axis XX and terminated by an injection nozzle 3. This annular duct 2 is delimited internally by a generally hollow bar 2A in which one for example has an ignition torch not shown (or a flame detector, or an auxiliary fuel injection pipe, etc.).

Ce brûleur comporte en outre au moins une seconde canalisation 4 pour l'amenée d'un courant d'air secondaire dans une boite à vent 5, ici disposée autour du conduit annulaire 2. Cette boite à vent présente un volume suffisamment important pour permettre une bonne homogénéisation de l'air secondaire amené par les canalisations 4. Elle est délimitée axialement entre une paroi fixe 5A et un flasque 58 qui peut coulisser axialement le long du conduit 2 sous l'action d'une tringlerie de commande représentée ici en simplifié par une ligne 5C. Cette boite à vent est limitée radialement par une paroi cylindrique 5D, composée de tronçons successifs munis de brides de raccordement, qui se prolonge axialement au-delà du flasque mobile jusqu'à une seconde paroi fixe 5E qui se raccorde de façon progressive à une portion tubulaire 5F entourant l'ajutage d'injection 3. Cette seconde paroi fixe 5E porte en saillie axiale, en direction du flasque mobile 5B, une pluralité de volets déflecteurs ou ventelles 6 parallèles à l'axe X-X mais présentant un angle donné par rapport à des plans contenant l'axe X-X et coupant ces ventelles. En regard de ces ventelles des lumières 6A sont ménagées axialement dans le flasque mobile en sorte de permettre un rapprochement du flasque mobile vis-à-vis de la paroi fixe 5E. Un courant d'air secondaire est ainsi injecté autour du courant de fluide combustible avec un mouvement de rotation défini par l'inclinaison des ventelles, avec un débit régulé en fonction de la position axiale du flasque mobile.This burner also comprises at least a second pipe 4 for supplying a secondary air flow in a wind box 5, here arranged around the annular duct 2. This wind box has a volume large enough to allow a good homogenization of the secondary air supplied by the pipes 4. It is axially delimited between a fixed wall 5A and a flange 58 which can slide axially along the duct 2 under the action of a control linkage shown here in simplified form by a 5C line. This wind box is radially limited by a cylindrical wall 5D, composed of successive sections provided with connection flanges, which extends axially beyond the movable flange to a second fixed wall 5E which progressively connects to a portion tubular 5F surrounding the injection nozzle 3. This second fixed wall 5E carries in axial projection, in the direction of the movable flange 5B, a plurality of deflector flaps or louvers 6 parallel to the axis XX but having a given angle relative to planes containing the axis XX and intersecting these louvers. Opposite these louvers, lights 6A are arranged axially in the movable flange so as to allow the movable flange to be brought closer to the fixed wall 5E. A secondary air stream is thus injected around the combustible fluid stream with a movement of rotation defined by the inclination of the louvers, with a regulated flow according to the axial position of the movable flange.

Ces dispositions sont classiques et sont décrites notamment dans le brevet FR-2.G54.741 précité.These arrangements are conventional and are described in particular in the aforementioned patent FR-2.G54.741.

Dans un mode avantageux de réalisation, des manchons d'épaisseur choisie sont disposés dans le conduit annulaire 2 ou dans la portion tubulaire 5F en sorte de permettre un réglage des vitesses d'écoulement dans ces conduits.In an advantageous embodiment, sleeves of selected thickness are arranged in the annular conduit 2 or in the tubular portion 5F so as to allow adjustment of the flow rates in these conduits.

La portion tubulaire 5F se compose en fait ici de deux tronçons dont le premier 5F' est solidaire de la paroi 5E et le second 5F" est raccordé au premier par assujettissement de deux parois transversales 5G et 10A au moyen de moyens de liaison de tout type connu. Les parois 5E et 5G sont maintenues parallèles par des entretoises 5H.The tubular portion 5F in fact here consists of two sections, the first 5F 'of which is integral with the wall 5E and the second 5F "is connected to the first by securing two transverse walls 5G and 10A by means of any type of connection. The walls 5E and 5G are kept parallel by spacers 5H.

Le tronçon tubulaire 5F" se prolonge axialement approximativement jusqu'au niveau de l'extrémité de l'ajutage 3 d'injection de combustible fluide, et définit un ajutage 7 d'injection d'air secondaire en une zone appelée "nez du brûleur".The tubular section 5F "extends axially approximately up to the level of the end of the nozzle 3 for injecting fluid fuel, and defines a nozzle 7 for injecting secondary air into a zone called" burner nose " .

Ce tronçon tubulaire 5F" se raccorde de préférence en une zone 8 appelée "col du brûleur", à un ouvreau 14 s'ouvrant progressivement en s'éloignant des ajutages 3 et 7, ici de forme tronconique. Cet ouvreau est avantageusement réalisé en un matériau réfractaire, tel qu'un béton réfractaire résistant, de préférence, jusqu'à 1400°C. Ce matériau réfractaire est ici engagé dans une cuvette cylindrique 14A dans laquelle il est fixé par des moyens schématisés en 14B. Dans des variantes non représentées, la cuvette 14A peut avoir une forme tronconique, ou être partiellement cylindrique et partiellement tronconique.This tubular section 5F "is preferably connected in a zone 8 called" burner neck ", to an opening 14 progressively opening away from the nozzles 3 and 7, here of frustoconical shape. This opening is advantageously made in a refractory material, such as refractory concrete resistant, preferably up to 1400 ° C. This refractory material is here engaged in a cylindrical bowl 14A in which it is fixed by means shown diagrammatically in 14B. In variants not shown, the bowl 14A can have a frustoconical shape, or be partially cylindrical and partially frustoconical.

Selon l'invention, un courant annulaire d'air tertiaire, circonférentiellement continu, est injecté autour du fluide combustible et de l'air secondaire, sensiblement dans la direction de l'axe X-X, selon une couronne axiale.According to the invention, an annular stream of tertiary air, circumferentially continuous, is injected around the combustible fluid and the secondary air, substantially in the direction of the axis X-X, along an axial ring.

Le brûleur selon l'invention comporte en effet un dispositif pour l'injection d'un courant d'air tertiaire autour de l'axe X-X, autour de l'ouvreau 14. Ce dispositif comporte au moins une canalisation d'amenée 9 d'air tertiaire débouchant dans une boîte à vent 10 délimitée notamment par la paroi 10A et le tronçon 5F" précités ainsi que la cuvette 14A recevant ledit matériau réfractaire. Cette boite à vent est en outre délimitée par une paroi cylindrique 1GB radialement externe prolongée axialement autour de l'ouvreau 14 par un tronçon cylindrique 12A qui définit avec cet ouvreau un ajutage annulaire sensiblement continu d'air tertiaire.The burner according to the invention in fact comprises a device for injecting a stream of tertiary air around the axis XX, around the outlet 14. This device comprises at least one supply air duct 9 for tertiary air opening into a wind box 10 delimited in particular by the wall 10A and the section 5F "mentioned above as well as the bowl 14A receiving said refractory material This wind box is further delimited by a radially external cylindrical wall 1GB extended axially around the flue 14 by a cylindrical section 12A which defines with this flue a substantially continuous annular nozzle of tertiary air.

Ce tronçon 12A est de préférence prolongé axialement par une paroi cylindrique de confinement 13, ici constituée de trois éléments modulaires, qui délimite en avant de l'ouvreau une chambre de combustion 11. Cette paroi de confinement 13 est en pratique revêtue intérieurement d'une couche réfractaire, par exemple en un matériau identique à celui de l'ouvreau, doublée de préférence par une couche isolante 13A, telle qu'une laine isolante, destinée à rendre la chambre de combustion 11 sensiblement adiabatique.This section 12A is preferably extended axially by a cylindrical confinement wall 13, here made up of three modular elements, which delimits a combustion chamber 11 in front of the shutter. This confinement wall 13 is in practice internally coated with a refractory layer, for example of a material identical to that of the quill, preferably lined with an insulating layer 13A, such as an insulating wool, intended to make the combustion chamber 11 substantially adiabatic.

Ce brûleur peut être raccordé par tout moyen connu, à une paroi de foyer par exemple, les canalisations 4 et 9 étant alors disposées avantageusement d'un même côté de cette paroi, à l'abri de la flamme.This burner can be connected by any known means, to a hearth wall for example, the pipes 4 and 9 then being advantageously arranged on the same side of this wall, away from the flame.

Selon une disposition avantageuse de l'invention, la vitesse de l'air tertiaire à son entrée dans la chambre de combustion est du même ordre de grandeur que la vitesse moyenne des gaz de combustion circulant dans la même zone ; le débit massique d'air tertiaire est de préférence compris entre D,2 et 1,0 fois le débit massique total des airs primaire et secondaire, lequel est avantageusement compris entre 0,7 et 1,2 fois le débit massique d'air nécessaire à la combustion complète du combustible (débit dit "stoechiométrique"). Ce courant annulaire forme une nappe de protection thermique de la paroi de confinement 13 et assure une sorte de gainage du mélange des gaz dans la chambre de combustion. Lorsque le broyage du charbon est grossier ou le combustible a une faible réactivité chimique (charbon maigre, coke de pétrole, mélange charbon-eau ...) ou lorsque l'environnement de la flamme est peu favorable à l'inflammation, il peut être avantageux de diminuer le débit massique des airs primaire et secondaire au-dessous de 1,0 fois le débit stoechiométrique (vers ù,8 et jusqu'à 0,5 par exemple) sans pénalité sur la combustion finale du combustible grâce au complément d'air constitué par l'air tertiaire (et au fait que l'on a une enceinte adiabatique suffisamment longue et sans recirculation de gaz brûlés). Inversement, en cas de combustible très réactif de broyage ultra-fin (charbon micronisé), ou de combustible liquide, on pourra choisir un débit d'airs primaire et secondaire égal ou légèrement supérieur au débit stoechiométrique.According to an advantageous arrangement of the invention, the speed of the tertiary air as it enters the combustion chamber is of the same order of magnitude as the average speed of the combustion gases circulating in the same area; the mass flow of tertiary air is preferably between D, 2 and 1.0 times the total mass flow of primary and secondary air, which is advantageously between 0.7 and 1.2 times the mass flow of air required to the complete combustion of the fuel (so-called "stoichiometric" flow). This annular current forms a thermal protection ply of the confinement wall 13 and provides a kind of sheathing of the mixture of gases in the combustion chamber. When the grinding of the coal is coarse or the fuel has a low chemical reactivity (lean coal, petroleum coke, coal-water mixture ...) or when the environment of the flame is not very favorable to ignition, it can be advantageous to reduce the mass flow rate of primary and secondary air below 1.0 times the stoichiometric flow rate (around ù, 8 and up to 0.5 for example) without penalty on the final combustion of the fuel thanks to the addition of air constituted by tertiary air (and the fact that there is a sufficiently long adiabatic enclosure and without recirculation of burnt gases). Conversely, in the case of very reactive ultra-fine grinding fuel (micronized charcoal), or liquid fuel, it is possible to choose a primary and secondary air flow rate equal to or slightly greater than the stoichiometric flow rate.

Ce courant annulaire est, dans l'exemple représenté, obtenu à partir d'un ajutage (ou fente) circonférentiellement continu. Suivant des variantes non représentées, l'ouvreau 14 et le tronçon 12A sont reliés par des ailettes sensiblement radiales canalisant l'air tertiaire en lui imposant, le cas échéant, un léger mouvement de rotation, ou bien par une grille perforée ou bien par une pluralité de busettes adjacentes, par exemple ovales ou elliptiques, qui, lorsqu'elles sont cylindriques, sont séparées circonférentiellement d'une distance avantageusement inférieure ou égale à leur diamètre : de telles busettes sont ainsi généralement dans un nombre supérieure ou égal à 16.This annular current is, in the example shown, obtained from a circumferentially continuous nozzle (or slot). According to variants not shown, the shutter 14 and the section 12A are connected by substantially radial fins channeling the tertiary air by imposing, if necessary, a slight rotational movement, either by a perforated grid or by a plurality of adjacent nozzles, for example oval or elliptical, which, when they are cylindrical, are separated circumferentially by a distance advantageously less than or equal to their diameter: such nozzles are thus generally in a number greater than or equal to 16.

Selon des dispositions avantageuses de l'invention, le diamètre de la couronne selon laquelle est injecté l'air tertiaire (c'est-à-dire en pratique le diamètre du tronçon 12A ou de la paroi de confinement 13) est avantageusement compris entre 1,8 et 3,6 fois le diamètre du col du brûleur (en 8), et l'injection de l'air tertiaire s'effectue en aval de ce col à une distance de préférence comprise entre 0,5 et 1,5 fois ce diamètre de col. Le nombre de swirl à la sortie du col du brûleur est de préférence choisi entre 0,3 et 2, juste suffisant pour permettre de créer une zone de recirculation interne fermée favorable à l'inflammation. La chambre de combustion s'étend de préférence sur une longueur comprise entre 0,2 et 1 fois son diamètre (elle permet une protection de la flamme). Le rapport des diamètres d'entrée et de sortie de l'ouvreau est de préférence choisi entre 1,5 et 2.According to advantageous arrangements of the invention, the diameter of the crown according to which the tertiary air is injected (that is to say in practice the diameter of the section 12A or of the confinement wall 13) is advantageously between 1 , 8 and 3.6 times the diameter of the burner neck (at 8), and the tertiary air is injected downstream of this neck at a distance preferably between 0.5 and 1.5 times this neck diameter. The number of swirls at the outlet of the burner neck is preferably chosen between 0.3 and 2, just sufficient to allow the creation of a closed internal recirculation zone favorable to inflammation. The combustion chamber preferably extends over a length of between 0.2 and 1 times its diameter (it allows flame protection). The ratio of the inlet and outlet diameters of the outlet is preferably chosen between 1.5 and 2.

Il est à noter que la longueur de l'ouvreau est à choisir en fonction du temps de séjour souhaité pour le combustible fluide, lequel varie par exemple avec la granulométrie du charbon pulvérisé, tandis que le rapport de ses diamètres d'entrée et de sortie est à choisir en fonction des caractéristiques d'aérodynamique souhaitées.It should be noted that the length of the burner is to be chosen according to the desired residence time for the fluid fuel, which varies for example with the particle size of the pulverized coal, while the ratio of its inlet and outlet diameters is to be chosen according to the desired aerodynamic characteristics.

Le mélange de l'air tertiaire avec les gaz sortant de l'ouvreau ne doit pas être trop rapide pour ne pas annuler l'effet stabilisant du caractère sous-stoechiométrique de l'alimentation en airs primaire et secondaire (lorsque celui-ci est nécessaire) et pour conserver à l'air tertiaire son effet protecteur de la paroi 13 (refroidissement et dépôts).The mixing of tertiary air with the gases leaving the outlet must not be too rapid so as not to cancel the stabilizing effect of the sub-stoichiometric nature of the primary and secondary air supply (when this is necessary ) and to preserve the protective effect of the wall 13 on tertiary air (cooling and deposits).

Le débit global d'air (primaire + secondaire + tertiaire) est de préférence choisi égal à 1,2 à 1,6 fois le débit stoechiométrique précité.The overall air flow (primary + secondary + tertiary) is preferably chosen to be 1.2 to 1.6 times the aforementioned stoichiometric flow.

A titre d'exemple, la vitesse d'injection du combustible fluide est d'environ 20m/s, celle de l'air secondaire peut varier entre 15 et 35-40m/s, et celle de l'air tertiaire peut varier entre 5 et 20-30m/s. Le diamètre du col du brûleur est par exemple de 0,20 m à 0,60 m environ.For example, the injection speed of the fluid fuel is around 20m / s, that of the secondary air can vary between 15 and 35-40m / s, and that of the tertiary air can vary between 5 and 20-30m / s. The diameter of the burner neck is for example from 0.20 m to 0.60 m approximately.

Un brûleur selon l'invention peut se monter par exemple dans un tambour-sécheur d'une station d'enrobage.A burner according to the invention can be mounted for example in a drum-dryer of a coating station.

Il va de soi que la description qui précède n'a été proposée qu'à titre illustratif non limitatif et que de nombreuses variantes peuvent être proposées sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Ainsi, par exemple, l'air secondaire et l'air tertiaire peuvent provenir d'une même boite à vent munie d'un distributeur adéquat. En fait le brûleur qui a été décrit se prête à de nombreux réglages correspondant à une grande variété de situations possibles de fonctionnement. Des versions simplifiées de ce brûleur, avec de moindres possibilités de réglage sont à la porté de l'homme de l'art en fonction des applications spécifques envisagées.It goes without saying that the foregoing description has been offered only by way of nonlimiting illustration and that numerous variants can be proposed without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, for example, the secondary air and the tertiary air can come from the same wind box provided with a suitable distributor. In fact, the burner which has been described lends itself to numerous adjustments corresponding to a wide variety of possible operating situations. Simplified versions of this burner, with lesser adjustment possibilities, are within the reach of those skilled in the art depending on the specific applications envisaged.

Selon une autre variante, la chambre de combustion peut contenir un système de refroidissement, ce qui peut se révéler intéressant dans le cas de chaudières ; la chaleur recueillie par le fluide de refroidissement est alors avantageusement récupérée.According to another variant, the combustion chamber may contain a cooling system, which may prove to be advantageous in the case of boilers; the heat collected by the cooling fluid is then advantageously recovered.

Un autre avantage important du brûleur selon l'invention réside dans le fait qu'il peut fonctionner dans n'importe quelle position, alors que beaucoup de brûleurs de ce type ne peuvent être utilisés qu'en position verticale.Another important advantage of the burner according to the invention lies in the fact that it can operate in any position, while many burners of this type can only be used in the vertical position.

Claims (16)

1. Procédé de combustion selon lequel un combustible fluide est injecté selon un axe, tel que du charbon pulvérisé en mélange avec de l'air primaire, et de l'air secondaire est introduit selon un trajet en hélice autour dudit axe, caractérisé en ce que de l'air tertiaire est injecté (12) autour du fluide combustible et de l'air secondaire sensiblement dans la même direction que le fluide combustible, selon une couronne coaxiale substantiellement continue circonférientiellement, et latéralement confinée en aval de l'injection.1. Combustion method according to which a fluid fuel is injected along an axis, such as pulverized coal mixed with primary air, and secondary air is introduced along a helical path around said axis, characterized in that that tertiary air is injected (12) around the combustible fluid and secondary air substantially in the same direction as the combustible fluid, in a substantially continuous coaxial ring circumferentially, and laterally confined downstream of the injection. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse d'injection de l'air tertiaire est du même ordre de grandeur que la vitesse moyenne des gaz de combustion circulant à proximité (14, 11).2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the injection speed of the tertiary air is of the same order of magnitude as the average speed of the combustion gases circulating in the vicinity (14, 11). 3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le débit massique de l'air tertiaire est compris entre 0,2 et 1,5 fois le débit massique total des airs primaire et secondaire.3. Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the mass flow of tertiary air is between 0.2 and 1.5 times the total mass flow of primary and secondary air. 4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre de la couronne (12) selon laquelle est injecté l'air tertiaire est compris entre 1,8 et 3,6 fois le diamètre du col du brûleur (8).4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the diameter of the crown (12) according to which the tertiary air is injected is between 1.8 and 3.6 times the diameter of the burner neck (8). 5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'injection de l'air tertiaire s'effectue en aval du col du brûleur (8) à une distance comprise entre 0,5 et 1,5 fois le diamètre de ce col du brûleur.5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the injection of tertiary air takes place downstream of the burner neck (8) at a distance between 0.5 and 1.5 times the diameter of this burner neck. 6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le débit massique total des airs primaire et secondaire est compris entre 0,5 et 1,2 fois le débit massique d'air stoechiométrique.6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the total mass flow of primary and secondary air is between 0.5 and 1.2 times the mass flow of stoichiometric air. 7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le débit massique total d'air de combustion est compris entre 1,2 et 1,6 fois le débit massique d'air stoechiométrique.7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the total mass flow of combustion air is between 1.2 and 1.6 times the mass flow of stoichiometric air. 8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le nombre de swirl à la sortie du col du brûleur est compris entre 0,3 et 2.8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the number of swirls at the outlet of the burner neck is between 0.3 and 2. 9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'air tertiaire débouche le long de la paroi d'une chambre de combustion cylindrique qui s'étend vers l'aval sur une longueur comprise entre 0,2 et 1 fois le diamètre de la couronne.9. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the tertiary air opens along the wall of a cylindrical combustion chamber which extends downstream over a length between 0.2 and 1 time the diameter of the crown. 10. Brûleur à turbulence, adapté à la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, comportant une canalisation (1) pour l'alimentation en combustible et en air primaire selon un axe (X-X), et un dispositif d'alimentation pour l'injection (7) d'air secondaire suivant un trajet en hélice autour dudit axe, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif pour l'injection d'air tertiaire en couronne (12) autour dudit axe, sensiblement parallèlement à la direction de l'injection du combustible, ce dispositif étant situé au voisinage de la paroi d'une chambre de combustion cylindrique (11) qui s'étend vers l'aval et raccordé au col du brûleur par un ouvreau tronconique en matière réfractaire (14).10. Turbulence burner, suitable for implementing the method according to one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a pipe (1) for the supply of fuel and primary air along an axis (XX), and a device supply for the injection (7) of secondary air following a helical path around said axis, characterized in that it comprises a device for the injection of tertiary air in a ring (12) around said axis, substantially parallel to the direction of fuel injection, this device being located in the vicinity of the wall of a cylindrical combustion chamber (11) which extends downstream and connected to the neck of the burner by a frusto-conical material refractory (14). 11. Brûleur selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'injection d'air tertiaire (12) débouche dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe situé à une distance du nez du brûleur (3, 7) comprise entre 0,5 et 1,5 fois le diamètre du col du brûleur.11. Burner according to claim 10, characterized in that the tertiary air injection device (12) opens in a plane perpendicular to the axis located at a distance from the nose of the burner (3, 7) between 0, 5 and 1.5 times the diameter of the burner neck. 12. Brûleur selon l'une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre du dispositif d'injection d 'air tertiaire est compris entre 1,8 et 3,6 fois le diamètre du col du brûleur.12. Burner according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the diameter of the tertiary air injection device is between 1.8 and 3.6 times the diameter of the burner neck. 13. Brûleur selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'injection d'air tertiaire est situé au voisinage de la paroi d'une chambre de combustion cylindrique coaxiale (11) qui s'étend vers l'aval sur une longueur comprise entre 0,2 et 1 fois son diamètre.13. Burner according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the tertiary air injection device is located in the vicinity of the wall of a coaxial cylindrical combustion chamber (11) which extends towards the 'downstream over a length between 0.2 and 1 times its diameter. 14. Brûleur selon l'une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'injection d'air tertiaire est une fente annulaire (12).14. Burner according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the tertiary air injection device is an annular slot (12). 15. Brûleur selon l'une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'injection d'air tertiaire est constitué d'au moins 16 busettes cylindriques.15. Burner according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the tertiary air injection device consists of at least 16 cylindrical nozzles. 16. Brûleur selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que la distance entre les axes de 2 busettes consécutives est inférieure à 2 fois leur diamètre.16. Burner according to claim 15, characterized in that the distance between the axes of 2 consecutive nozzles is less than 2 times their diameter.
EP86400901A 1985-05-03 1986-04-24 Process for the combustion of fluid fuels and toroidal burner adapted for its application Expired EP0200644B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86400901T ATE45621T1 (en) 1985-05-03 1986-04-24 PROCESS FOR COMBUSTION OF LIQUID FUELS AND WEDDY BURNER FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8506750A FR2581444B1 (en) 1985-05-03 1985-05-03 PROCESS FOR THE COMBUSTION OF FLUID FUELS AND A TURBULENCE BURNER SUITABLE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
FR8506750 1985-05-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0200644A1 true EP0200644A1 (en) 1986-11-05
EP0200644B1 EP0200644B1 (en) 1989-08-16

Family

ID=9318931

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86400901A Expired EP0200644B1 (en) 1985-05-03 1986-04-24 Process for the combustion of fluid fuels and toroidal burner adapted for its application

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (2) US4838185A (en)
EP (1) EP0200644B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61256108A (en)
AT (1) ATE45621T1 (en)
AU (1) AU582647B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1289416C (en)
DE (1) DE3665097D1 (en)
DK (1) DK165707C (en)
ES (1) ES8708258A1 (en)
FI (1) FI861783A (en)
FR (1) FR2581444B1 (en)
IN (1) IN167334B (en)
PT (1) PT82483B (en)
ZA (1) ZA863209B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0571704A2 (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-12-01 Deutsche Babcock Energie- und Umwelttechnik Aktiengesellschaft Burner for pulverulent fuel

Families Citing this family (50)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5161967A (en) * 1986-12-24 1992-11-10 Georg Fischer Ag Process and device to feed additives into a shaft or cupola furnace
AU612007B2 (en) * 1988-03-10 1991-06-27 Blackwall Reach Nominees Pty Ltd Reactor furnace
US5044552A (en) * 1989-11-01 1991-09-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Supersonic coal water slurry fuel atomizer
CA2035291C (en) * 1990-01-30 1996-02-27 Robert H. Nath Drum dryer for reprocessing recycled asphalt pavement
EP0445938B1 (en) * 1990-03-07 1996-06-26 Hitachi, Ltd. Pulverized coal burner, pulverized coal boiler and method of burning pulverized coal
EP0550700B1 (en) * 1990-10-05 1998-07-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Combustion system for reduction of nitrogen oxides
US5334012A (en) * 1990-12-27 1994-08-02 Astec Industries, Inc. Combustion chamber having reduced NOx emissions
US5588379A (en) * 1991-03-20 1996-12-31 Witteveen; Gustaaf J. Mixing device and method for gaseous liquid of pulverised substances
US5333574A (en) * 1991-09-11 1994-08-02 Mark Iv Transportation Products Corporation Compact boiler having low NOX emissions
US5199867A (en) * 1991-09-30 1993-04-06 The Boc Group, Inc. Fuel-burner apparatus and method for use in a furnace
DE4325643A1 (en) * 1993-07-30 1995-02-02 Lentjes Kraftwerkstechnik Burners for burning dusty fuel
DE4395243T1 (en) * 1993-11-08 1996-11-21 Ivo International Oy Method and device for burning powdered fuel
CA2151308C (en) * 1994-06-17 1999-06-08 Hideaki Ohta Pulverized fuel combustion burner
ES2117919B1 (en) * 1994-10-18 1999-03-16 Proyce S A IMPROVED TOTAL AIR BURNER.
US5525053A (en) * 1994-12-01 1996-06-11 Wartsila Diesel, Inc. Method of operating a combined cycle power plant
US6837702B1 (en) 1994-12-01 2005-01-04 Wartsila Diesel, Inc. Method of operating a combined cycle power plant
EP0754908B2 (en) * 1995-07-20 2001-04-18 DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches -Technisch-wissenschaftliche Vereinigung- Method and apparatus for suspressing flame and pressure vibrations in a furnace
JP3492099B2 (en) * 1995-10-03 2004-02-03 三菱重工業株式会社 Burner
PL185110B1 (en) * 1996-08-22 2003-02-28 Babcock Hitachi Kk Burner and combustion device operating in association therewith
DE19749431C1 (en) * 1997-11-08 1999-03-18 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Method of burning fuel dust
AT408796B (en) * 1999-04-29 2002-03-25 Dumag Ohg BURNER
US6347937B1 (en) * 2000-01-21 2002-02-19 Ats Spartec Inc. Rotary kiln burner
FR2848641B1 (en) * 2002-12-11 2005-12-16 Alstom Switzerland Ltd INDIRECT HEATING SYSTEM WITH VALORIZATION OF ULTRA FINE FUEL PARTICLES
ES2356355T3 (en) * 2005-04-12 2011-04-07 Zilkha Biomass Energy Llc BIOMASS INTEGRATED ENERGY SYSTEM.
US8308477B2 (en) * 2006-03-01 2012-11-13 Honeywell International Inc. Industrial burner
ZA200902204B (en) * 2006-09-29 2010-07-28 Zilkha Biomass Energy Llc Integrated biomass energy system
US7865271B2 (en) * 2006-11-02 2011-01-04 General Electric Company Methods and systems to increase efficiency and reduce fouling in coal-fired power plants
US20090084346A1 (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-02 General Electric Company Gas flow injector and method of injecting gas into a combustion system
US20090297996A1 (en) * 2008-05-28 2009-12-03 Advanced Burner Technologies Corporation Fuel injector for low NOx furnace
GB201202907D0 (en) * 2012-02-21 2012-04-04 Doosan Power Systems Ltd Burner
CN102809147B (en) * 2012-06-04 2015-07-29 中国科学院广州能源研究所 A kind of vertical downward liquid slag removal coal powder burner
CN104379997B (en) * 2012-07-19 2016-11-02 住友大阪水泥股份有限公司 Fuel burner
EP3026339B1 (en) * 2014-11-27 2019-02-27 Loesche GmbH Solid fuel burner
US11041456B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2021-06-22 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10598285B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-03-24 Quest Engines, LLC Piston sealing system
US10590834B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-03-17 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10590813B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-03-17 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10989138B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2021-04-27 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10526953B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-01-07 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10753308B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-08-25 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10465629B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2019-11-05 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine having piston with deflector channels and complementary cylinder head
US10724428B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2020-07-28 Quest Engines, LLC Variable volume chamber device
WO2018204684A1 (en) 2017-05-04 2018-11-08 Quest Engines, LLC Variable volume chamber for interaction with a fluid
CN107255272A (en) * 2017-07-31 2017-10-17 中煤科工清洁能源股份有限公司 A kind of coal burner
CN107559820A (en) * 2017-09-21 2018-01-09 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of precombustion chamber with surrounding air suitable for vortex burner
US11060636B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-07-13 Quest Engines, LLC Engines and pumps with motionless one-way valve
WO2019147963A1 (en) 2018-01-26 2019-08-01 Quest Engines, LLC Method and apparatus for producing stratified streams
US11134335B2 (en) 2018-01-26 2021-09-28 Quest Engines, LLC Audio source waveguide
CN109595548B (en) * 2018-12-04 2020-05-01 清华大学 Dense-thin back mixing type cyclone pulverized coal burner
CN111351035A (en) * 2020-03-14 2020-06-30 王永 Plasma general coal cracking combustion method and device

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH251223A (en) * 1946-07-11 1947-10-15 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Gas heater.
FR1057305A (en) * 1952-05-23 1954-03-08 Bataafsche Petroleum Combustion device for pulverized liquid or solid fuels
US4303386A (en) * 1979-05-18 1981-12-01 Coen Company, Inc. Parallel flow burner
FR2496844A1 (en) * 1980-12-18 1982-06-25 Cote Jean Burner in which water undergoes molecular dissociation - where oxygen is used to burn iron lance to obtain very hot flame into which steam is injected
DE3131962A1 (en) * 1981-08-13 1983-02-24 Steag Ag, 4300 Essen High-performance burner for dustlike fuels
US4381718A (en) * 1980-11-17 1983-05-03 Carver George P Low emissions process and burner
FR2522392A1 (en) * 1982-02-26 1983-09-02 Sumitomo Metal Ind POWDER COAL BURNER
DE3310500A1 (en) * 1983-03-23 1984-10-04 Steag Ag, 4300 Essen Burner for the combustion of pulverized fuels and process for the operation of a fuel dust burner flame
EP0130387A2 (en) * 1983-06-30 1985-01-09 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Combustion device for a car
US4512267A (en) * 1984-01-24 1985-04-23 John Zink Company Methods and apparatus for combusting ash producing solids

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4147116A (en) * 1977-09-19 1979-04-03 Coal Tech Inc. Pulverized coal burner for furnace and operating method
US4270895A (en) * 1978-06-29 1981-06-02 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Swirl producer
DE2933060B1 (en) * 1979-08-16 1980-10-30 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Burner for burning dusty fuels
US4551090A (en) * 1980-08-25 1985-11-05 L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh Burner
FR2499681A1 (en) * 1981-02-06 1982-08-13 Stein Industrie DIRECT IGNITION DEVICE FOR POOR PULVERIZED SOLID FUELS IN COLD COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
JPS57155004A (en) * 1981-03-20 1982-09-25 Sanree Reinetsu Kk Fuel hole in internal combustion burner of small diameter combustion cylinder
DE3125901A1 (en) * 1981-07-01 1983-01-20 Deutsche Babcock Ag, 4200 Oberhausen BURNER FOR BURNING DUST-MADE FUELS
DE3140798C2 (en) * 1981-10-14 1983-12-22 Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk AG, 4300 Essen Pilot burner for a power plant boiler
US4457241A (en) * 1981-12-23 1984-07-03 Riley Stoker Corporation Method of burning pulverized coal
JPS60226609A (en) * 1984-04-23 1985-11-11 Babcock Hitachi Kk Combustion device for coal
US4602571A (en) * 1984-07-30 1986-07-29 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Burner for coal slurry

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH251223A (en) * 1946-07-11 1947-10-15 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Gas heater.
FR1057305A (en) * 1952-05-23 1954-03-08 Bataafsche Petroleum Combustion device for pulverized liquid or solid fuels
US4303386A (en) * 1979-05-18 1981-12-01 Coen Company, Inc. Parallel flow burner
US4381718A (en) * 1980-11-17 1983-05-03 Carver George P Low emissions process and burner
FR2496844A1 (en) * 1980-12-18 1982-06-25 Cote Jean Burner in which water undergoes molecular dissociation - where oxygen is used to burn iron lance to obtain very hot flame into which steam is injected
DE3131962A1 (en) * 1981-08-13 1983-02-24 Steag Ag, 4300 Essen High-performance burner for dustlike fuels
FR2522392A1 (en) * 1982-02-26 1983-09-02 Sumitomo Metal Ind POWDER COAL BURNER
DE3310500A1 (en) * 1983-03-23 1984-10-04 Steag Ag, 4300 Essen Burner for the combustion of pulverized fuels and process for the operation of a fuel dust burner flame
EP0130387A2 (en) * 1983-06-30 1985-01-09 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Combustion device for a car
US4512267A (en) * 1984-01-24 1985-04-23 John Zink Company Methods and apparatus for combusting ash producing solids

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 6, no. 260 (M-180)[1138], 18 décembre 1982; & JP - A - 57 155 004 (SANREE REINETSU K.K.) 25-09-1982 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0571704A2 (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-12-01 Deutsche Babcock Energie- und Umwelttechnik Aktiengesellschaft Burner for pulverulent fuel
EP0571704A3 (en) * 1992-05-29 1994-02-09 Babcock Energie Umwelt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1289416C (en) 1991-09-24
IN167334B (en) 1990-10-06
JPS61256108A (en) 1986-11-13
ES554556A0 (en) 1987-10-01
DK165707B (en) 1993-01-04
ZA863209B (en) 1986-12-30
US4919611A (en) 1990-04-24
AU5708286A (en) 1986-11-06
PT82483A (en) 1986-05-01
FR2581444B1 (en) 1988-11-10
ES8708258A1 (en) 1987-10-01
US4838185A (en) 1989-06-13
DK202686A (en) 1986-11-04
FR2581444A1 (en) 1986-11-07
DK165707C (en) 1993-05-24
AU582647B2 (en) 1989-04-06
ATE45621T1 (en) 1989-09-15
DK202686D0 (en) 1986-05-02
FI861783A (en) 1986-11-04
EP0200644B1 (en) 1989-08-16
FI861783A0 (en) 1986-04-28
PT82483B (en) 1988-04-21
DE3665097D1 (en) 1989-09-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0200644B1 (en) Process for the combustion of fluid fuels and toroidal burner adapted for its application
CA1253745A (en) Pulverised coal burner
EP1873455B1 (en) Device for injecting a mix of air and fuel, combustion chamber and turbomachine equipped with such a device
FR2625295A1 (en) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENHANCED COMBUSTION OF A COMBUSTIBLE-FUEL MIXTURE REDUCING NITROGEN OXIDE PRODUCTION
EP0216677A1 (en) Boiler with a circulating fluidized bed
EP0014812B1 (en) Burners for solid fuels combined with liquid and/or gaseous fuels
EP0421903B1 (en) Process for operating a burner and burners for rotary drum furnace
FR2533036A1 (en) PERISCOPE FOR REACTORS WITH HIGH TEMPERATURE
BE1015604A3 (en) Method and device for increasing the stability of flame in fireplace coal fog.
EP0703410B1 (en) Oxy-fuel burner comprising a block and method for operating the same
EP0967434B1 (en) Burner with concentric air ducts and central stabilizer
EP1074790B1 (en) Burner with exhaust recirculation
EP0003000B1 (en) Burner head for a combustion chamber
FR2772887A1 (en) LOW-EMISSION NITROGEN OXIDE BURNER WITH RECYCLED GAS CIRCUIT
EP1247046B1 (en) Method and device for the autocombustion of oily organic waste, comprising a tangential heating furnace
WO2002097327A1 (en) Thermal generator and combustion method for limiting nitrogen oxide emission by re-combustion of fumes
LU85460A1 (en) PROCESS FOR PROVIDING COMBUSTION OF OIL COKE DUST
EP1045203B1 (en) Multifuel burner
FR2773388A1 (en) Burner for pulverized solid fuel e.g. coal carried by air flow in rich and poor phases
EP0660039B1 (en) Burner head for gas burner, burner provided with such a head and combustion process
FR2772888A1 (en) IMPROVEMENT TO SOLID FUEL BURNERS
FR2521548A1 (en) PROCESS FOR CALCINATING MINERAL RAW MATERIALS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SUCH A PROCESS
FR2955917A1 (en) Torsional combustion chamber for use with e.g. boiler, for burning solid material, has axle placed in determined position from vertical position to inclined position inclined with respect to assembly with which chamber is associated
FR2564181A1 (en) Burner for a hearth with great operational flexibility
FR2774454A1 (en) Combustor for mixed waste

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19870323

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19870819

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO ROMA S.P.A.

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 45621

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19890915

Kind code of ref document: T

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3665097

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19890921

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19910405

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19910411

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19910419

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19910425

Year of fee payment: 6

EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19920424

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19920424

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19920425

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19920430

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19920430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

ITTA It: last paid annual fee
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19940412

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19940426

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19940430

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19940510

Year of fee payment: 9

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 86400901.4

Effective date: 19921108

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19950424

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19950430

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: CHARBONNAGES DE FRANCE

Effective date: 19950430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19951101

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19950424

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19951101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19960103

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19970425

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19980430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050424