EP0195995B1 - Process for the electrodeposition of composite tin-graphite or tin-lead graphite layers, and baths used therefor - Google Patents
Process for the electrodeposition of composite tin-graphite or tin-lead graphite layers, and baths used therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0195995B1 EP0195995B1 EP86103563A EP86103563A EP0195995B1 EP 0195995 B1 EP0195995 B1 EP 0195995B1 EP 86103563 A EP86103563 A EP 86103563A EP 86103563 A EP86103563 A EP 86103563A EP 0195995 B1 EP0195995 B1 EP 0195995B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tin
- graphite
- electroplating bath
- lead
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
- C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the production of tin-graphite or tin / lead-graphite layers, which are electrodeposited in a single operation with graphite powder particles embedded in an electroplating bath.
- the invention relates to the associated bath for the electrodeposition of tin-graphite or tin / lead-graphite dispersion coatings, with a galvanizing bath from an aqueous solution of tin-II salts or tin-II and lead-II salts , in which graphite powder is distributed.
- Tin layers can be applied by hot-dip tinning or also by means of galvanic baths. From DE-A 2 413 402 slidable tin layers for electrical sliding contacts on plug-in elements are known, in which the tin or lead layers, in particular galvanically applied, in the ball polishing process with the addition of substances which promote the sliding, such as graphite powder, in the border area incorporated into the surface and solidified at the same time cold.
- the graphite is therefore only mechanically incorporated into the interface up to a depth of about 0.5 ⁇ m, for which purpose a separate operation is required.
- the shape of the parts to be treated is important here, and an optimal distribution on all interfaces of the contact cannot be achieved.
- the object of the invention is to provide an improved method for applying layers based on tin-graphite or tin / lead-graphite and the associated means.
- the object is achieved in that a plating bath with a pH of 2 in which the graphite powder is dispersed by means of an acid-resistant substance which promotes the wetting of the powder particles by the plating bath is used, and in that temperatures of 35 ° C. are used .
- the galvanic separation takes place at current densities of 1 to 15 A / dm 2.
- the electroplating bath suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention has a pH s 2 and contains an acid-resistant, organic substance which promotes the wetting of the graphite powder particles.
- the organic substance can be one or more substances from the group consisting of phenol and dibutylaniline, gelatin and cresol, cresol sulfonic acid and 2-methylpentyl sulfate, dibutyl sodium naphthalene sulfonate or sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium xanthate.
- the graphite powder dispersed in the wetting agent preferably has a grain size distribution ⁇ 5 ⁇ m, in particular with grain sizes ⁇ 1 ⁇ m, 70% of the graphite particles being smaller than 1 ⁇ m.
- DE-C 2 634 128 has already disclosed a bath and a process for the electrodeposition of nickel-graphite dispersion coatings from an aqueous solution of nickel sulfamate, which works on an acidic basis and contains a wetting agent suitable for acidic nickel baths.
- nickel there are other requirements for nickel than for tin. So far it has been assumed that layers based on tin-graphite cannot be produced galvanically.
- tin and tin-lead layers electroplated on contact pins which can also have a low antimony content, which increases the hardness of the coating, can considerably improve the abrasion resistance.
- the required insertion force is reduced despite the high contact pressure. It could be demonstrated in detail that the resistance to abrasion in the electroplated dispersion coatings of tin-graphite or tin / lead-graphite is increased by 10 to 25 times compared to the previously known tin or tin / lead layers.
- the metallic contacts are first subjected to a pretreatment customary in electroplating and then coated with a tin-graphite or tin / lead-graphite dispersion coating in one of the electrolytes of the composition specified below.
- the grain size distributions given in the examples ⁇ 1-5 ⁇ m mean that 70% of the graphite particles are smaller than 1 ⁇ m.
- the deposited tin layer contained 1.6% by weight of graphite. Abrasion resistance increased tenfold.
- the deposited layer contained 2% by weight of graphite.
- the abrasion resistance increased 18 times.
- the deposited tin layer contained 1.8% by weight of C.
- the abrasion resistance compared to a pure tin layer was increased 20 times.
- the deposited tin / lead layer (90/10) contained 1.8% by weight of graphite and 1% by weight of antimony.
- the abrasion resistance compared to pure tin / lead layers is increased 25 times.
- the deposited tin / lead layer (60/40) contained 1% by weight of graphite and 1% by weight of antimony.
- the abrasion resistance increases tenfold compared to a pure tin / lead layer.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zinn-Graphit- oder Zinn/Blei-Graphit-Schichten, die galvanisch mit in einem Galvanisierbad eingelagerten Graphit-Pulverteilchen in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang abgeschieden werden. Daneben bezieht sich die Erfindung auf das zugehörige Bad zum galvanischen Abscheiden von Zinn-Graphit- oder Zinn/Blei-Graphit-Dispersionsüberzügen, mit einem Galvanisierbad aus einer wäßrigen Lösung von Zinn-II-Salzen oder Zinn-II- und Blei-II-Salzen, in dem Graphitpulver verteilt ist.The invention relates to a process for the production of tin-graphite or tin / lead-graphite layers, which are electrodeposited in a single operation with graphite powder particles embedded in an electroplating bath. In addition, the invention relates to the associated bath for the electrodeposition of tin-graphite or tin / lead-graphite dispersion coatings, with a galvanizing bath from an aqueous solution of tin-II salts or tin-II and lead-II salts , in which graphite powder is distributed.
Für den Einsatz von mehrpoligen Steckkontaktleisten werden bisher vorwiegend edelmetallüberzogene Kontaktstifte bzw. -messer und Kontaktbuchsen verwendet, die ausschließlich galvanisch aufgebracht werden. Es ist bekannt, zu Standzeitverlängerungen dabei Graphiteinlagerungen in die Edelmetallüberzüge vorzusehen: Beispielsweise aus der DE-C 2 543 082 ist ein cyanidischer Silberelektrolyt und ein Verfahren zur galvanischen Abscheidung von Silber-Graphit-Dispersionsüberzügen und seine Anwendung für Kontakte bekannt, bei denen der Graphit als Festschmierstoff dient.To date, the use of multipole plug contact strips has predominantly been made of noble metal-coated contact pins or knives and contact sockets, which are applied exclusively by electroplating. It is known to provide graphite deposits in the noble metal coatings to extend the service life: for example from DE-C 2 543 082 a cyanide silver electrolyte and a method for the electrodeposition of silver-graphite dispersion coatings and its use for contacts in which the graphite is known Solid lubricant is used.
Seit einiger Zeit ist man bemüht, für die oben angegebenen Kontakte die Edelmetallschichten durch Zinn- bzw. Zinn/Blei-Schichten zu ersetzen. Zinn-Schichten können durch Feuerverzinnung oder ebenfalls mittels galvanischer Bäder aufgebracht werden. Aus der DE-A 2 413 402 sind gleitfähige Zinn-Schichten für elektrische Gleitkontakte an Steckelementen bekannt, bei denen die insbesondere galvanisch aufgebrachten Zinn- oder auch Zinn/Blei-Schichten im Kugelpolierverfahren unter Zugabe von die Gleitung förderlichen Stoffen, wie Graphitpuder, im Grenzbereich der Oberfläche inkorporiert und gleichzeitig kalt verfestigt werden.For some time now, efforts have been made to replace the noble metal layers with tin or tin / lead layers for the contacts specified above. Tin layers can be applied by hot-dip tinning or also by means of galvanic baths. From DE-A 2 413 402 slidable tin layers for electrical sliding contacts on plug-in elements are known, in which the tin or lead layers, in particular galvanically applied, in the ball polishing process with the addition of substances which promote the sliding, such as graphite powder, in the border area incorporated into the surface and solidified at the same time cold.
Beim Stand der Technik erfolgt der Einbau des Graphits in die Zinnschicht also nur mechanisch in die Grenzfläche bis zu etwa 0,5 µm Tiefe, wozu ein separater Arbeitsgang erforderlich ist. Dabei ist die Form der zu behandelnden Teile von Bedeutung, wobei eine optimale Verteilung auf allen Grenzflächen des Kontaktes nicht erreicht werden kann.In the prior art, the graphite is therefore only mechanically incorporated into the interface up to a depth of about 0.5 μm, for which purpose a separate operation is required. The shape of the parts to be treated is important here, and an optimal distribution on all interfaces of the contact cannot be achieved.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es demgegenüber, ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Aufbringen von Schichten auf Zinn-Graphit- bzw. Zinn/Blei-Graphit-Basis und die zugehörigen Mittel anzugeben.In contrast, the object of the invention is to provide an improved method for applying layers based on tin-graphite or tin / lead-graphite and the associated means.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß ein Galvanisierbad mit einem pH-Wert 2, in dem das Graphitpulver mittels einer die Benetzung der Pulverteilchen durch das Galvanisierbad fördernden, säurebeständigen Substanz dispergiert ist, verwendet wird und daß bei Temperaturen 35°C gearbeitet wird. Dabei erfolgt die galvanische Abscheidung bei Stromdichten von 1 bis 15 A/dm2. According to the invention, the object is achieved in that a plating bath with a pH of 2 in which the graphite powder is dispersed by means of an acid-resistant substance which promotes the wetting of the powder particles by the plating bath is used, and in that temperatures of 35 ° C. are used . The galvanic separation takes place at current densities of 1 to 15 A / dm 2.
Aus der US-A 2 489 523 war es zwar bereits bekannt zur galvanischen Abscheidung von Zinn- oder Blei-Zinn-Schichten ein stark saures Bad mit einem pH-Wert zwischen 1,4 und 2,4 zu verwenden. Graphit als leitbeständiger Zusatz war dabei allerdings nicht vorgesehen. Demgegenüber sollen bei der GB-A 1 265 472 auf Werkstücke harte Verschleißschichten aus Nickel oder Kobalt aufgebracht werden, in denen Kohlenstoff in Form von Fasern oder Whiskern vorhanden ist. Hierbei erfolgt die galvanische Abscheidung bei einem pH-Wert > 4. Erst die Erfindung hat gezeigt, daß ein Einbringen von Graphitpulver beim galvanischen Abscheiden in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang möglich ist, wenn in einem stark sauren Bad das Graphitpulver mittels einer die Benetzung der Pulverteilchen fördernden Substanz dispergiert ist.From US Pat. No. 2,489,523, it was already known to use a strongly acidic bath with a pH between 1.4 and 2.4 for the electrodeposition of tin or lead-tin layers. However, graphite was not intended as a conductive additive. In contrast, in GB-A 1 265 472 hard wear layers of nickel or cobalt are to be applied to workpieces, in which carbon is present in the form of fibers or whiskers. Here, the galvanic deposition takes place at a pH value> 4. Only the invention has shown that it is possible to introduce graphite powder during the electrodeposition in a single operation if the graphite powder is used in a strongly acidic bath by means of a substance which promotes the wetting of the powder particles is dispersed.
Das für die Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens geeignete Galvanisierbad hat einen pH-Wert s 2 und enthält eine säurebeständige, organische Substanz, die die Benetzung der Graphit-Pulverteilchen fördert. Dabei können die organische Substanz ein oder mehrere Stoffe aus der Gruppe Phenol und Dibutylanilin, Gelatine und Kresol, Kresol-Sulfonsäure und 2-Methyl-Pentylsulfat, Dibutyl-Natriumnaphthalinsulfonat oder Natriumlaurylsulfat und Natriumxanthogenat sein. Das im Netzmittel dispergierte Graphitpulver hat vorzugsweise eine Korngrößenverteilung < 5 jim, insbesondere mit Korngrößen < 1 µm, wobei 70% der Graphitteilchen kleiner als 1 um sind.The electroplating bath suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention has a pH s 2 and contains an acid-resistant, organic substance which promotes the wetting of the graphite powder particles. The organic substance can be one or more substances from the group consisting of phenol and dibutylaniline, gelatin and cresol, cresol sulfonic acid and 2-methylpentyl sulfate, dibutyl sodium naphthalene sulfonate or sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium xanthate. The graphite powder dispersed in the wetting agent preferably has a grain size distribution <5 μm, in particular with grain sizes <1 μm, 70% of the graphite particles being smaller than 1 μm.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung wurden also geeignete Mittel gefunden, die in der Lage sind, die feinen Graphitkömer zu dispergieren und gleichzeitig deren Einbau in die galvanisch abgeschiedenen Zinn- bzw. Zinn/Blei-Schichten in hinreichendem Maße zu garantieren.In the context of the invention, therefore, suitable agents have been found which are capable of dispersing the fine graphite grains and at the same time guaranteeing their incorporation to a sufficient extent in the electrodeposited tin or tin / lead layers.
Aus der DE-C 2 634 128 war zwar bereits ein Bad und ein Verfahren zum galvanischen Abscheiden von Nickel-Graphit-Dispersionsüberzügen aus einer wäßrigen Lösung von Nickelsulfamat bekannt, das auf saurer Basis arbeitet und ein für saure Nickelbäder geeignetes Netzmittel enthält. Allerdings liegen bei Nickel andere Voraussetzungen wie bei Zinn vor. Bislang wurde davon ausgegangen, daß Schichten auf Zinn-Graphit-Basis galvanisch nicht herstellbar sind.DE-C 2 634 128 has already disclosed a bath and a process for the electrodeposition of nickel-graphite dispersion coatings from an aqueous solution of nickel sulfamate, which works on an acidic basis and contains a wetting agent suitable for acidic nickel baths. However, there are other requirements for nickel than for tin. So far it has been assumed that layers based on tin-graphite cannot be produced galvanically.
Aufgrund der Erfindung läßt sich bei auf Kontaktstiften galvanisch abgeschiedenen Zinn- und ZinNBlei-Schichten, die auch einen geringen Antimongehalt aufweisen können, welcher die Härte des Überzuges erhöht, die Abriebbeständigkeit erheblich verbessern. Dabei wird die notwendige Steckkraft trotz hohen Kontaktdruckes vermindert. Es konnte im einzelnen nachgewiesen werden, daß bei den galvanisch hergestellten Dispersionsüberzügen aus Zinn-Graphit- bzw. Zinn/Blei-Graphit die Abriebbeständigkeit um das 10 bis 25fache gegenüber den bisher bekannten Zinn- bzw. Zinn/Blei-Schichten erhöht ist.According to the invention, tin and tin-lead layers electroplated on contact pins, which can also have a low antimony content, which increases the hardness of the coating, can considerably improve the abrasion resistance. The required insertion force is reduced despite the high contact pressure. It could be demonstrated in detail that the resistance to abrasion in the electroplated dispersion coatings of tin-graphite or tin / lead-graphite is increased by 10 to 25 times compared to the previously known tin or tin / lead layers.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen:Further details and advantages of the invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments:
Bei den einzelnen Beispielen werden die metallischen Kontakte zunächst einer in der Galvanotechnik üblichen Vorbehandlung unterzogen und anschließend in einem der Elektrolyten der nachfolgend angegebenen Zusammensetzung mit einem Zinn-Graphit- bzw. Zinn/Blei-Graphit-Dispersionsüberzug beschichtet.In the individual examples, the metallic contacts are first subjected to a pretreatment customary in electroplating and then coated with a tin-graphite or tin / lead-graphite dispersion coating in one of the electrolytes of the composition specified below.
Die in den Beispielen angegebenen Korngrößenverteilungen < 1-5 um bedeuten, daß 70% der Graphitteilchen kleiner als 1 µm sind.
Die abgeschiedene Zinnschicht enthielt 1,6 Gew.-% Graphit. Die Abriebbeständigkeit stieg um das 10fache.
Die abgeschiedene Schicht enthielt 2 Gew.-% Graphit. Die Abriebbeständigkeit stieg um das 18fache.
Die abgeschiedene Zinnschicht enthielt 1,8 Gew.-% C. Die Abriebbeständigkeit gegenüber einer reinen Zinnschicht wurde um das 20fache erhöht.
Die abgeschiedene Zinn/Blei-Schicht (90/10) enthielt 1,8 Gew.-% Graphit und 1 Gew.-% Antimon. Die Abriebbeständigkeit gegenüber reinen Zinn/Blei-Schichten ist um das 25fache gesteigert.
Die abgeschiedene Zinn/Blei-Schicht (60/40) enthielt 1 Gew.-% Graphit und 1 Gew.-% Antimon. Die Abriebbeständigkeit steigt um das 10fiache gegenüber einer reinen Zinn/Blei-Schicht.The deposited tin / lead layer (60/40) contained 1% by weight of graphite and 1% by weight of antimony. The abrasion resistance increases tenfold compared to a pure tin / lead layer.
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3511621 | 1985-03-29 | ||
DE3511621 | 1985-03-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0195995A1 EP0195995A1 (en) | 1986-10-01 |
EP0195995B1 true EP0195995B1 (en) | 1989-09-27 |
Family
ID=6266826
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86103563A Expired EP0195995B1 (en) | 1985-03-29 | 1986-03-17 | Process for the electrodeposition of composite tin-graphite or tin-lead graphite layers, and baths used therefor |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4652349A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0195995B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS61227196A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3665886D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19654953A1 (en) * | 1996-06-01 | 1998-03-26 | Glyco Metall Werke | Layer material used for sliding element |
AT408352B (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2001-11-26 | Miba Gleitlager Ag | GALVANICALLY DEPOSIT ALLOY LAYER, ESPECIALLY A RUNNING LAYER OF A SLIDING BEARING |
EP1369504A1 (en) * | 2002-06-05 | 2003-12-10 | Hille & Müller | Metal strip for the manufacture of components for electrical connectors |
DE10261303B3 (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-06-24 | Wieland-Werke Ag | Electrically conducting composite material used in automotive applications as electrical contact components, such as connectors or connections, comprises a metal strip and a contact layer containing carbon powder and a further additive |
JP4783954B2 (en) * | 2004-06-21 | 2011-09-28 | Dowaメタルテック株式会社 | Composite plating material and method for producing the same |
JP4813785B2 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2011-11-09 | Dowaメタルテック株式会社 | Tin plating material |
JP4749746B2 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2011-08-17 | Dowaメタルテック株式会社 | Tin plating material and method for producing the same |
JP4704132B2 (en) * | 2005-07-04 | 2011-06-15 | Dowaメタルテック株式会社 | Composite plating material and method for producing the same |
JP4855032B2 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2012-01-18 | Dowaメタルテック株式会社 | Composite plating material and method for producing the same |
JP2011017066A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-27 | Kyushu Nogeden:Kk | Tin plated film and tin-plating bath for forming the same |
DE102010040469B3 (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-01-12 | Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh | Laminated material for sliding elements, process for its production and use |
JP6173595B2 (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2017-08-02 | アクア メタルズ インコーポレーテッドAqua Metals Inc. | Apparatus and method for non-smelting recycling of lead acid batteries |
DE102015202631B4 (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2018-02-15 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Bearings and procedures |
US11028460B2 (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2021-06-08 | Aqua Metals Inc. | Systems and methods for recovery of lead from lead acid batteries |
EP3294931A4 (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2018-12-26 | Aqua Metals Inc. | Electrodeposited lead composition, methods of production, and uses |
CN107889511B (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2020-07-14 | 艾库伊金属有限公司 | Closed loop system and method for recycling lead acid batteries |
US10316420B2 (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2019-06-11 | Aqua Metals Inc. | Systems and methods for continuous alkaline lead acid battery recycling |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2489523A (en) * | 1944-02-09 | 1949-11-29 | Gen Motors Corp | Electrodeposition of tin or lead-tin alloys |
FR1435559A (en) * | 1965-06-02 | 1966-04-15 | Bath suitable for the manufacture of tin coatings | |
GB1265472A (en) * | 1967-11-29 | 1972-03-01 | ||
GB1224166A (en) * | 1967-12-21 | 1971-03-03 | Bristol Aerojet Ltd | Improvements in and relating to electrodeposition of composite materials |
GB1236954A (en) * | 1968-04-26 | 1971-06-23 | Bristol Aerojet Ltd | Improvements in and relating to electrodeposited composite coatings |
GB1375541A (en) * | 1970-07-29 | 1974-11-27 | ||
DE2413402A1 (en) * | 1974-03-20 | 1975-10-02 | Friedrich Heck | Sliding contact - is provided with a sintered tin coating contg crystalline graphite |
DE2543082C3 (en) * | 1975-09-26 | 1979-06-28 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Cyanidic silver electrolyte and process for the electrodeposition of silver-graphite dispersion coatings and its application |
DE2634128C2 (en) * | 1976-07-29 | 1985-01-17 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Bath and process for the electrodeposition of nickel-graphite dispersion coatings |
-
1986
- 1986-03-17 EP EP86103563A patent/EP0195995B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-03-17 DE DE8686103563T patent/DE3665886D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-03-24 US US06/842,980 patent/US4652349A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-03-26 JP JP61068277A patent/JPS61227196A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS61227196A (en) | 1986-10-09 |
DE3665886D1 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
EP0195995A1 (en) | 1986-10-01 |
US4652349A (en) | 1987-03-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0195995B1 (en) | Process for the electrodeposition of composite tin-graphite or tin-lead graphite layers, and baths used therefor | |
EP3797184B1 (en) | Silver electrolyte for depositing dispersion silver layers and contact surfaces with dispersion silver layers | |
EP0908539A2 (en) | Composite layered material for slide members and process for manufacture of bearing shells | |
DE2907179A1 (en) | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING AN ELECTRODE | |
DE102010055968A1 (en) | Substrate with corrosion-resistant coating and process for its preparation | |
DE2543082A1 (en) | CYANIDIC SILVER ELECTROLYTE FOR THE GALVANIC DEPOSITION OF SILVER-GRAPHITE DISPERSION COATINGS | |
WO2020007407A2 (en) | Silver electrolyte for depositing dispersion silver layers and contact surfaces with dispersion silver layers | |
DE2751056A1 (en) | METHOD AND BATH FOR GALVANIC DEPOSITION OF A GOLD-COBALT ALLOY | |
DE2106918C3 (en) | Process for the production of multi-layer bearing material | |
EP0198998B1 (en) | Bath for the galvanic deposition of a coating of a gold-indium alloy | |
EP1240365B1 (en) | Method for producing an electrolytically coated cold rolled strip and battery sheath produced therefrom | |
EP0694089B1 (en) | Process for producing a hardened lead battery electrode | |
DE3530223C2 (en) | ||
DE3139815A1 (en) | "METHOD FOR MAINTAINING A GOLD COATING WITH IMPROVED CORROSION RESISTANCE ON A SUBSTRATE" | |
WO2022122989A1 (en) | Silver-bismuth electrolyte for separating hard silver layers | |
EP0142615B1 (en) | Bath and process for the galvanic deposition of noble metal or noble metal-containing dispersion coatings | |
DE718252C (en) | Process for the production of hydrogen sulfide-resistant galvanic silver coatings | |
DE2634128C2 (en) | Bath and process for the electrodeposition of nickel-graphite dispersion coatings | |
DE3327346A1 (en) | GALVANICALLY SEPARATE DISPERSION LAYER | |
EP4146848B1 (en) | Silver electrolyte for separating silver dispersion layers | |
GB2115440A (en) | Electroplating bath for the production of palladium-nickel alloy contact material | |
DE10060127B4 (en) | Electrolytic iron deposition bath and method for electrodepositing iron and applications of the method | |
DE1259986C2 (en) | Process for the production of electrodes for galvanic elements | |
CH717789B1 (en) | Process for the galvanic gold-plating of contact elements for connectors and contact elements gold-plated with the help of this process. | |
Wax et al. | Aqueous solution for electrolytical activation procedures and process using this solution |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB LI |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19861027 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19880128 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB LI |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) | ||
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3665886 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19891102 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19900317 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19900331 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19900331 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19901130 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19901201 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |