EP0193636A1 - Reflecting textile band, process for its preparation and its use - Google Patents
Reflecting textile band, process for its preparation and its use Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0193636A1 EP0193636A1 EP19850102648 EP85102648A EP0193636A1 EP 0193636 A1 EP0193636 A1 EP 0193636A1 EP 19850102648 EP19850102648 EP 19850102648 EP 85102648 A EP85102648 A EP 85102648A EP 0193636 A1 EP0193636 A1 EP 0193636A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coated
- textile
- metal
- plastic
- carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06Q—DECORATING TEXTILES
- D06Q1/00—Decorating textiles
- D06Q1/04—Decorating textiles by metallising
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
- Y10T428/24636—Embodying mechanically interengaged strand[s], strand-portion[s] or strand-like strip[s] [e.g., weave, knit, etc.]
- Y10T428/24645—Embodying mechanically interengaged strand[s], strand-portion[s] or strand-like strip[s] [e.g., weave, knit, etc.] with folds in parallel planes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/24917—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including metal layer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3382—Including a free metal or alloy constituent
- Y10T442/3398—Vapor or sputter deposited metal layer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3382—Including a free metal or alloy constituent
- Y10T442/3415—Preformed metallic film or foil or sheet [film or foil or sheet had structural integrity prior to association with the woven fabric]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a reflective, flexible textile web made of an at least one-sided metal-coated textile carrier in the form of a woven fabric, knitted fabric, knitted fabric, fleece or a thread layer sewing fabric, the threads or fibers of which are coated with, if necessary, flame-retardant modified, transparent plastic, and a method for the same Manufacture and its use.
- a carrier net is glued on both sides with a textile carrier web and in which the two textile support webs in each case on the outside with a metal coating and the metal coatings with a - from DE-OS 31 35 271 an infrared radiation reflective, flexible, multi-layered material web be further protective coating are provided.
- This well-known material web is characterized by high heat reflection with simultaneous water vapor permeability.
- the two metal coatings are formed in the known material web, which is apparently to be used for the production of insulating blinds, such as are used in particular in roof windows, as coherently closed, vacuum-evaporated metal layers and therefore completely impermeable to light in the visible range, ie in the Wavelength range between 0.365 and 0.75 ⁇ m.
- DE-PS 30 16 191 discloses a flame-retardant sun protection roller blind made of a textile carrier in the form of a woven fabric, knitted fabric, knitted fabric, fleece or a thread layer sewing fabric, the threads or fibers of which are impregnated with two different layers of flexible, halogen-free plastic, namely with a thermoset and with a thermoplastic plastic layer, both plastic layers containing a halogen-free flame retardant.
- This well-known sun protection roller blind is not metal-coated; it is therefore permeable both to light in the visible range and to longer-wave radiation in the near infrared range (0.75 - 3 ⁇ m).
- insulating roller blinds or insulating roller blind fabrics are also known on the market, which are used, in particular, to prevent excessive sunshine in roof windows, which are produced by laminating a relatively strong aluminum foil with a textile material, the adhesion being mediated by an adhesive layer between the metal foil and the textile material becomes.
- These relatively stiff insulating roller blinds are also completely impermeable to light in the visible range.
- the invention has for its object to provide a metal-coated flexible textile web that has a high reflectivity for infrared radiation in the near IR range between about 0.75 and 3 microns, but at the same time good transmission and translucency properties for light in the visible range between 0.365 and 0.75 ⁇ m and, despite the metal coating, maintains its textile appearance and character on at least one side.
- the invention is also based on the object of providing a method for producing such a textile web.
- the reflectivity for infrared radiation in the wavelength range between 0.75 and 3) .Lm in the textile web according to the invention, in which only the raised areas of the textile support are coated with the reflecting metal, is only insignificantly lower than the reflectivity a full-surface covered with metal textile web for the same wavelength range.
- raised areas are to be understood as the crossing points between warp and weft threads which lie outside the plane of the warp threads and outside the plane of the weft threads; in the case of a knitted fabric (knitted fabric, knitted fabric), the raised areas are those where the stitch elements of adjacent rows of stitches and wale stitches intersect, while the random-fiber nonwovens and thread-layer knitted fabrics are those areas where more threads or fibers cross than one another cross on average in the thinner areas of these non-wovens.
- the reflecting textile web according to the invention has a high translucency for light in the visible range.
- a sun protection roller blind made from the textile web according to the invention therefore does not lead to a complete darkening of the room equipped with it, but, like a textile curtain or a curtain, allows sufficient light to pass through in the visible area, which leads to a pleasant dampening of the sunlight, but not to complete blackout.
- the incident heat radiation is largely reflected and hardly absorbed.
- the textile web according to the invention is provided with a metal coating on only one side, this remains pure Textile appearance of the non-metallized back of the textile carrier is completely preserved.
- An advantageous embodiment of the textile web according to the invention is that there is an adhesion-promoting plastic layer at least at the metal-coated points of the web between the plastic-coated textile carrier and the metal coating. This improves the adhesion of the metal particles to the textile backing, which is particularly important when the textile web is to be used to manufacture roller blinds. Because when the roller blind is rolled up and down, the coating is subjected to a high level of mechanical stress, so that the metal particles flake off over time if no additional adhesive plastic layer is used.
- a structural fabric is preferably used as the textile carrier, for example a fabric in which the weft yarn is bulkier and heavier than the warp yarn, or a fabric which is made from crimped or otherwise known structured yarns.
- These fabrics with a relief-like surface have particularly pronounced raised and deeper areas, which facilitates the selective metal coating only in the raised areas of the crossing points of the threads or fibers of the textile web.
- the textile backing is coated with a mixture of thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic, preferably of acrylate copolymers, which optionally additionally contain an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. It has been shown that the selection of particularly relieved of such a special K unststoffgemischs selective, more or less point-shaped metal coating.
- the metal coating is coated in a manner known per se with a thin layer of a transparent protective lacquer and is thereby additionally protected against abrasion, damage and wear.
- the textile web according to the invention preferably has a diffuse reflection of 60-90% of the light and heat radiation of the near infrared range impinging on the metal-coated side with wavelengths between 0.7 and 2.5 ⁇ m.
- the weight per unit area of the coating composition applied by dip impregnation is preferably 60 to 120 g / M 2 .
- thermoplastic acrylate copolymer 40 to 50 parts by weight of one or more self-crosslinking thermosetting acrylate homo- or copolymers and 0 to 20 parts by weight of ethylene-vinyl acetate for immersion impregnation Copolymer is used.
- This special plastic mixture leads to a high selectivity of the adhesion of the metal particles in the area of the raised areas, ie the crosshairs of the textile backing.
- a dispersion can be used for the dip impregnation which additionally contains flame retardants and / or biocides in a manner known per se.
- the textile web according to the invention in public buildings such as schools, hospitals, theaters or in particularly fire-prone objects such. B. to be used in hotels, restaurants, discotheques or in motor vehicles and airplanes, it is useful not only a flame retardant or from the outset flame retardant textile carrier used, but also used for the coating a plastic dispersion that contains a flame retardant.
- the textile web according to the invention is to be used in damp rooms or for the interior of ships, then it is expedient to add a biocide to the plastic dispersion.
- the textile backing will generally be made from the usual combustible textile fibers of natural or synthetic origin for reasons of cost, it can also be made from incombustible fibers, for example from glass fibers, ceramic fibers, metal fibers, carbon and aramid fibers.
- the excess coating mass is expediently scraped off on both sides by means of an air knife system with two staggered knives, but other conventional doctor blades can also be used; it is only important that the doctoring is basically carried out from both sides of the coated textile backing so that the depressions lying between the raised areas of the textile material are not filled and thus leveled on one of the two sides.
- a polyester film coated with aluminum, gold or copper is preferably used as the metal-coated film.
- the polyester film only serves as an auxiliary film or as an intermediate support for the metal layer.
- the metal evaporated onto the film can also be coated in a manner known per se in order to achieve special aesthetic effects.
- a decisive advantage of the method according to the invention is that the metal is transferred from an auxiliary film to the plastic-coated textile carrier is transferred using pressure and heat, so that it is not necessary to vapor-deposit the entire composite with the metal.
- the auxiliary film which is commercially available as such must also be vapor-coated with the metal, this can be carried out much more simply and therefore more cheaply in the polyester film, which has a much less complicated structure.
- such a film which has a release agent layer between the polyester carrier film and the vapor-deposited metal layer, because then the carrier film can be more easily removed from the composite after the metal has been transferred to the plastic-coated textile web without the transferred metal particles again Pull off the textile web.
- Such a metal transfer film is preferably used in which the vapor-deposited metal layer is additionally covered with an adhesion-promoting plastic layer.
- the adhesion-promoting plastic layer improves the adhesion between the metal particles and the plastic-coated textile web.
- This adhesion-promoting plastic layer preferably consists of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
- the metal transfer from the metal-coated film to the plastic-coated textile web is carried out with the aid of laminating rollers, preferably under a pressure of 4'10-6-10 Pa and at a temperature of about 110-140 ° C.
- the use of the textile web according to the invention is particularly advantageous for the production of sun protection blinds, camouflage nets or tarpaulins, insulating roller blinds, insulating wallpapers, work clothes and for the production of interior linings of motor vehicles and aircraft.
- the textile web according to the invention can be used in general vehicle sector, in medical technology, in construction, both for the interior and exterior of high-rise buildings, in horticulture, e.g. B. for sun blinds in greenhouses, and wherever it is important to keep long-wave electromagnetic radiation, especially heat radiation, from people, machines, equipment, buildings or surfaces.
- the transmission in this wavelength range can be 10-50% for the textile web according to the invention.
- the appearance of the textile web according to the invention can be adjusted in almost any way by using colored textile carriers and pigmented coating compositions, the translucency of the textile web being retained in any case, but it must be taken into account that the textile carrier and / or the coating composition is colored darker higher heat absorption by the textile web itself is inevitable.
- the use of unpigmented coating compositions and undyed or at least light-colored textile supports is therefore preferred.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Es wird eine reflektierende, flexible Textilbahn aus einem mindestens einseitig metallbeschichteten textilen Träger in Form eines Gewebes, Gewirkes, Gestricks, Vlieses oder eines Fadenlagen-Nähgewirkes vorgeschlagen, dessen Fäden oder Fasern mit gegebenenfalls flammhemmend modifiziertem, transparentem Kunststoff beschichtet sind, bei der hohes Reflexionsvermögen für Infrarotstrahlung, gleichzeitig aber Transluzenz für Licht im sichtbaren Bereich dadurch erreicht werden, daß sich die Metallbeschichtung im wesentlichen nur im Bereich der Kreuzungspunkte der Fäden oder Fasern befindet, während die zwischen den Kreuzungspunkten befindlichen Bereiche des textilen Trägers im wesentlichen frei von der Metallbeschichtung und damit lichtdurchlässig sind. Es wird ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Textilbahn vorgeschlagen, bei dem der textile Träger zuerst durch Tauchimprägnierung mit einer hochviskosen Kunststoff-Dispersion beschichtet wird und Metall im Transferverfahren von einer metallbedampften Folie unter erhöhtem Druck und erhöhter Temperatur selektiv auf die erhabenen Bereiche des kunststoffbeschichteten Textilträgers übertragen wird. Die Textilbahn ist insbesondere zur Herstellung von Sonnenschutzrollos und Isolierrollos verwendbar.It is a reflective, flexible textile web made of a metal carrier coated at least on one side in the form of a woven fabric, knitted fabric, knitted fabric, fleece or a thread layer sewing fabric is proposed, the threads or fibers of which are coated with flame-retardant modified, transparent plastic, with high reflectivity for Infrared radiation, but at the same time translucency for light in the visible range can be achieved in that the metal coating is essentially only in the area of the crossing points of the threads or fibers, while the areas of the textile support located between the crossing points are essentially free of the metal coating and thus translucent are. A process for producing this textile web is also proposed, in which the textile backing is first coated with a highly viscous plastic dispersion by dip impregnation and metal is selectively transferred from the metal-coated film under elevated pressure and temperature to the raised areas of the plastic-coated textile backing becomes. The textile web can be used in particular for the production of sun protection blinds and insulating blinds.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine reflektierende, flexible Textilbahn aus einem mindestens einseitig metallbeschichteten textilen Träger in Form eines Gewebes, Gewirkes, Gestricks, Vlieses oder eines Fadenlagen-Nähgewirks, dessen Fäden oder Fasern mit gegebenenfalls flammhemmend modifiziertem, transparentem Kunststoff beschichtet sind, sowie ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung.The invention relates to a reflective, flexible textile web made of an at least one-sided metal-coated textile carrier in the form of a woven fabric, knitted fabric, knitted fabric, fleece or a thread layer sewing fabric, the threads or fibers of which are coated with, if necessary, flame-retardant modified, transparent plastic, and a method for the same Manufacture and its use.
Aus der DE-OS 31 35 271 ist eine Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende, flexible, mehrschichtige Materialbahn be- kannt, bei der ein Trägernetz beidseitig mit je einer textilen Trägerbahn verklebt ist und bei der die beiden textilen Trägerbahnen jeweils außenseitig mit einer Metallbeschichtung und die Metallbeschichtungen mit einer weiteren Schutzbeschichtung versehen sind. Diese bekannte Materialbahn zeichnet sich durch hohe Wärmereflexion bei gleichzeitiger Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit aus. Die beiden Metallbeschichtungen sind bei der bekannten Materialbahn, die offenbar zur Herstellung von Isolierrollos, wie sie insbesondere bei Dachflächenfenstern eingesetzt werden, verwendet werden soll, als zusammenhängend-geschlossene, im Vakuum aufgedampfte Metallschichten ausgebildet und daher vollkommen undurchlässig für Licht im sichtbaren Bereich, d. h. im Wellenlängenbereich zwischen 0,365 und 0,75 µm., Known in which a carrier net is glued on both sides with a textile carrier web and in which the two textile support webs in each case on the outside with a metal coating and the metal coatings with a - from DE-OS 31 35 271 an infrared radiation reflective, flexible, multi-layered material web be further protective coating are provided. This well-known material web is characterized by high heat reflection with simultaneous water vapor permeability. The two metal coatings are formed in the known material web, which is apparently to be used for the production of insulating blinds, such as are used in particular in roof windows, as coherently closed, vacuum-evaporated metal layers and therefore completely impermeable to light in the visible range, ie in the Wavelength range between 0.365 and 0.75 µm.
Aus der EP-OS 109 638 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung metallisierter textiler Flächengebilde bekannt, bei dem die textilen Eigenschaften des Trägers dadurch erhalten bleiben, daß eine entweder stromlos, naßchemisch oder durch Bedampfen auf den Textilstoff aufgebrachte Metallschicht anschließend auf galvanischem Wege verstärkt wird. Die so hergestellte metallisierte Textilbahn zeigt auf Grund hoher elektrischer und thermischer Leitfähigkeit gute Wärmestandfestigkeit und starkes Reflexionsvermögen für auftreffende elektromagnetische Strahlung; sie ist deshalb beispielsweise zur Herstellung flexibler Schirmantennen für Radarwellen geeignet, darüber hinaus aber überall dort einsetzbar, wo es auf die Ableitung elektrostatischer Aufladungen oder auf die Abschirmung hochfrequenter elektromagnetischer Wellen ankommt. Auch diese galvanisch verstärkten, stromlos oder elektrolytisch abgeschiedenen Metallschichten sind völlig undurchlässig für Licht im sichtbaren Bereich.From EP-OS 109 638 a process for the production of metallized textile fabrics is known, in which the textile properties of the support are preserved in that a metal layer applied to the textile fabric either electrolessly or by vapor deposition is subsequently galvanically reinforced. Due to its high electrical and thermal conductivity, the metallized textile web produced in this way exhibits good heat resistance and strong reflectivity for incident electromagnetic radiation; It is therefore suitable, for example, for the production of flexible shield antennas for radar waves, but can also be used wherever the discharge of electrostatic charges or the shielding of high-frequency electromagnetic waves is important. These galvanically reinforced, electroless or electrolytically deposited metal layers are also completely opaque to light in the visible range.
Aus der DE-PS 30 16 191 ist ein schwer entflammbares Sonnenschutzrollo aus einem textilen Träger in Form eines Gewebes, Gewirkes, Gestricks, Vlieses oder eines Fadenlagen-Nähgewirkes bekannt, dessen Fäden oder Fasern mit zwei verschiedenen Schichten aus flexiblem, halogenfreiem Kunststoff imprägniert sind, nämlich mit einer duroplastischen und mit einer thermoplastischen Kunststoffschicht, wobei beide Kunststoffschichten ein halogenfreies Flammschutzmittel enthalten. Dieses bekannte Sonnenschutzrollo ist nicht metallbeschichtet; es ist also sowohl für Licht im sichtbaren Bereich als auch für langwelligere Strahlung im nahen Infrarotbereich ( 0,75 - 3 µm) durchlässig.DE-PS 30 16 191 discloses a flame-retardant sun protection roller blind made of a textile carrier in the form of a woven fabric, knitted fabric, knitted fabric, fleece or a thread layer sewing fabric, the threads or fibers of which are impregnated with two different layers of flexible, halogen-free plastic, namely with a thermoset and with a thermoplastic plastic layer, both plastic layers containing a halogen-free flame retardant. This well-known sun protection roller blind is not metal-coated; it is therefore permeable both to light in the visible range and to longer-wave radiation in the near infrared range (0.75 - 3 µm).
Auf dem Markt sind ferner verschiedene Isolierrollos bzw. Isolierrollostoffe bekannt, die insbesondere zur Abhaltung allzu starker Sonneneinstrahlung bei Dachflächenfenstern Verwendung finden, welche durch Kaschieren einer verhältnismäßig starken Aluminiumfolie mit einem Textilstoff hergestellt werden, wobei die Haftung durch eine Kleberschicht zwischen der Metallfolie und dem Textilstoff vermittelt wird. Auch diese verhältnismäßig steifen Isolierrollos sind für Licht im sichtbaren Bereich völlig undurchlässig.Various insulating roller blinds or insulating roller blind fabrics are also known on the market, which are used, in particular, to prevent excessive sunshine in roof windows, which are produced by laminating a relatively strong aluminum foil with a textile material, the adhesion being mediated by an adhesive layer between the metal foil and the textile material becomes. These relatively stiff insulating roller blinds are also completely impermeable to light in the visible range.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine metallbeschichtete flexible Textilbahn zu schaffen, die für Infrarotstrahlung im nahen IR-Bereich zwischen etwa 0,75 und 3 µm ein hohes Reflexionsvermögen besitzt, gleichzeitig aber gute Transmissions- und Transluzenzeigenschaften für Licht im sichtbaren Bereich zwischen 0,365 und 0,75 µm aufweist und.trotz der Metallbeschichtung mindestens auf einer Seite ihr textiles Aussehen und ihren textilen Charakter beibehält. Der Erfindung liegt ferner die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Textilbahn zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a metal-coated flexible textile web that has a high reflectivity for infrared radiation in the near IR range between about 0.75 and 3 microns, but at the same time good transmission and translucency properties for light in the visible range between 0.365 and 0.75 µm and, despite the metal coating, maintains its textile appearance and character on at least one side. The invention is also based on the object of providing a method for producing such a textile web.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Textilbahn der eingangs genannten Gattung erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß sich die Metallbeschichtung im wesentlichen nur im Bereich der Kreuzungspunkte der Fäden oder Fasern des textilen Trägers befindet, während die zwischen den Kreuzungspunkten befindlichen Bereiche des textilen Trägers im wesentlichen frei von der Metallbeschichtung und damit lichtdurchlässig sind.This object is achieved according to the invention in a textile web of the type mentioned at the outset in that the metal coating is essentially only in the region of the crossing points of the threads or fibers of the textile carrier, while the regions of the textile carrier located between the crossing points are essentially free of the metal coating and are therefore translucent.
Es hat sich überraschenderweise gezeigt, daß das Reflexionsvermögen für Infrarotstrahlung im Wellenlängenbereich zwischen 0,75 und 3 ).Lm bei der erfindungsgemäßen Textilbahn, bei der nur die erhabenen Bereiche des textilen Trägers mit dem reflektierenden Metall beschichtet sind, nur unwesentlich geringer ist als das Reflexionsvermögen einer vollflächig mit Metall überzogenen Textilbahn für denselben Wellenlängenbereich. Unter "erhabenen Bereichen" sind bei einem Gewebe die Kreuzungspunkte zwischen Kett-und Schußfäden zu verstehen, die außerhalb der Ebene der Kettfäden und außerhalb der Ebene der Schußfäden liegen; bei einer Maschenware (Gewirk, Gestrick) sind die erhabenen Bereiche diejenigen, an denen sich die Maschenelemente benachbarter Maschenreihen und Maschenstäbchen schneiden, während es sich bei den Wirrfaservliesen und Fadenlagen-Nähgewirken um diejenigen Bereiche handelt, an denen sich mehr Fäden oder Fasern kreuzen als sich durchschnittlich an den dünneren Stellen dieser Non-wovens kreuzen.It has surprisingly been found that the reflectivity for infrared radiation in the wavelength range between 0.75 and 3) .Lm in the textile web according to the invention, in which only the raised areas of the textile support are coated with the reflecting metal, is only insignificantly lower than the reflectivity a full-surface covered with metal textile web for the same wavelength range. In the case of a woven fabric, “raised areas” are to be understood as the crossing points between warp and weft threads which lie outside the plane of the warp threads and outside the plane of the weft threads; in the case of a knitted fabric (knitted fabric, knitted fabric), the raised areas are those where the stitch elements of adjacent rows of stitches and wale stitches intersect, while the random-fiber nonwovens and thread-layer knitted fabrics are those areas where more threads or fibers cross than one another cross on average in the thinner areas of these non-wovens.
Obgleich das Reflexionsvermögen der erfindungsgemäßen Textilbahn nur unwesentlich geringer in dem für Wärmeschutzzwecke entscheidenden Wellenlängenbereich des nahen Infrarot ist als bei den vollflächig metallbeschichteten Textilbahnen, besitzt die erfindungsgemäße reflektierende Textilbahn eine hohe Transluzenz für Licht im sichtbaren Bereich. Ein aus der erfindungsgemäßen Textilbahn hergestelltes Sonnenschutzrollo führt deshalb nicht zu einer vollständigen Verdunkelung des damit ausgestatteten Raumes, sondern läßt ähnlich wie ein Textilvorhang oder eine Gardine ausreichend viel Licht im sichtbaren Bereich hindurch, was zu einer als angenehm empfundenen Dämpfung des Sonnenlichts führt, nicht aber zur vollständigen Verdunkelung. Die auftreffende Wärmestrahlung wird dagegen weitgehend reflektiert und kaum absorbiert.Although the reflectivity of the textile web according to the invention is only insignificantly lower in the wavelength range of the near infrared, which is crucial for thermal protection purposes, than in the case of the full-surface metal-coated textile webs, the reflecting textile web according to the invention has a high translucency for light in the visible range. A sun protection roller blind made from the textile web according to the invention therefore does not lead to a complete darkening of the room equipped with it, but, like a textile curtain or a curtain, allows sufficient light to pass through in the visible area, which leads to a pleasant dampening of the sunlight, but not to complete blackout. In contrast, the incident heat radiation is largely reflected and hardly absorbed.
Wenn die erfindungsgemäße Textilbahn nur einseitig mit einer Metallbeschichtung versehen wird, bleibt das rein textile Aussehen der nicht metallisierten Rückseite des textilen Trägers vollständig erhalten.If the textile web according to the invention is provided with a metal coating on only one side, this remains pure Textile appearance of the non-metallized back of the textile carrier is completely preserved.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Textilbahn besteht darin, daß sich eine haftvermittelnde Kunststoffschicht mindestens an den metallbeschichteten Stellen der Bahn zwischen dem kunststoffbeschichteten textilen Träger und der Metallbeschichtung befindet. Dadurch wird die Haftung der Metallpartikel auf dem textilen Träger verbessert, was insbesondere dann wichtig ist, wenn die Textilbahn zur Herstellung von Rollos verwendet werden soll. Denn beim Auf- und Abrollen des Rollos ist die Beschichtung einer starken mechanischen Beanspruchung ausgesetzt, so daß die Metallteilchen im Laufe der Zeit abblättern, wenn keine zusätzliche haftvermittelnde Kunststoffschicht verwendet wird.An advantageous embodiment of the textile web according to the invention is that there is an adhesion-promoting plastic layer at least at the metal-coated points of the web between the plastic-coated textile carrier and the metal coating. This improves the adhesion of the metal particles to the textile backing, which is particularly important when the textile web is to be used to manufacture roller blinds. Because when the roller blind is rolled up and down, the coating is subjected to a high level of mechanical stress, so that the metal particles flake off over time if no additional adhesive plastic layer is used.
Vorzugsweise wird als textiler Träger ein Strukturgewebe verwendet, beispielsweise ein Gewebe, bei dem das Schußgarn voluminöser und schwerer ist als das Kettgarn, oder ein Gewebe, das aus gekräuselten oder auf andere bekannte Weise strukturierten Garnen hergestellt ist. Diese Gewebe mit reliefartiger Oberfläche besitzen besonders ausgeprägt erhabene und tieferliegende Bereiche, was die selektive Metallbeschichtung nur in den erhabenen Bereichen der Kreuzungspunkte der Fäden oder Fasern der Textilbahn erleichtert.A structural fabric is preferably used as the textile carrier, for example a fabric in which the weft yarn is bulkier and heavier than the warp yarn, or a fabric which is made from crimped or otherwise known structured yarns. These fabrics with a relief-like surface have particularly pronounced raised and deeper areas, which facilitates the selective metal coating only in the raised areas of the crossing points of the threads or fibers of the textile web.
Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Textilbahn ist der textile Träger mit einem Gemisch aus thermoplastischem und duroplastischem Kunststoff, vorzugsweise aus Acrylat-Copolymeren, die gegebenenfalls zusätzlich ein Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymer enthalten, beschichtet. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Auswahl eines solchen speziellen Kunststoffgemischs die selektive, mehr oder weniger punktförmige Metallbeschichtung besonders erleichtert.In a further advantageous embodiment of the textile web according to the invention, the textile backing is coated with a mixture of thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic, preferably of acrylate copolymers, which optionally additionally contain an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. It has been shown that the selection of particularly relieved of such a special K unststoffgemischs selective, more or less point-shaped metal coating.
Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Textilbahn ist die Metallbeschichtung in an sich bekannter Weise mit einer dünnen Schicht aus einem transparenten Schutzlack überzogen und dadurch zusätzlich vor Abrieb, Beschädigung und Verschleiß geschützt.In a further advantageous embodiment of the textile web according to the invention, the metal coating is coated in a manner known per se with a thin layer of a transparent protective lacquer and is thereby additionally protected against abrasion, damage and wear.
Die erfindungsgemäße Textilbahn weist vorzugsweise eine diffuse Reflexion von 60 - 90 % der auf die metallbeschichtete Seite auftreffenden Licht- und Wärmestrahlung des nahen Infrarotbereichs mit Wellenlängen zwischen 0,7 und 2,5 µm auf.The textile web according to the invention preferably has a diffuse reflection of 60-90% of the light and heat radiation of the near infrared range impinging on the metal-coated side with wavelengths between 0.7 and 2.5 μm.
Das Verfahren zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Textilbahn ist gekennzeichnet durch die Kombination folgender Merkmale:
- (a) ein gegebenenfalls flammfest ausgerüsteter textiler Träger in Form eines Gewebes, Gewirkes, Gestricks, Vlieses oder eines Fadenlagen-Nähgewirks wird thermofixiert und anschließend
- (b) mit einer hochviskosen Dispersion eines Gemischs aus thermoplastischem und duroplastischem transparentem Kunststoff in einem geeigneten Lösungsmittel durch Tauchimprägnierung beschichtet, worauf
- (c) überschüssige Beschichtungsmasse beidseitig abgerakelt wird, wonach der so beschichtete Träger
- (d) in einem Trockenkanal getrocknet wird;
- (e) der kunststoffbeschichtete und getrocknete Träger und eine metallbedampfte Folie werden gleichzeitig, aber getrennt voneinander vorgewärmt und anschliessend
- (f) so zusammengeführt, daß die metallbedampfte Seite der Folie mindestens eine Seite des kunststoffbeschichteten Trägers berührt, und
- (g) mit Hilfe von Kaschierwalzen unter erhöhtem Druck heiß verpreßt, wonach
- (h) der Verbund etwa auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt und
- (i) die Folie wieder abgezogen wird.
- (a) an optionally flame-retardant textile carrier in the form of a woven fabric, knitted fabric, knitted fabric, fleece or a thread layer sewing fabric is heat-set and then
- (b) coated with a highly viscous dispersion of a mixture of thermoplastic and thermosetting transparent plastic in a suitable solvent by immersion impregnation, followed by
- (c) Excess coating composition is scraped off on both sides, after which the carrier coated in this way
- (d) drying in a drying tunnel;
- (e) the plastic-coated and dried carrier and a metal-vapor-coated film are preheated simultaneously, but separately from one another, and then
- (f) brought together so that the metal-coated side of the film touches at least one side of the plastic-coated carrier, and
- (g) hot pressed with the aid of laminating rollers under increased pressure, after which
- (h) the composite is cooled to about room temperature and
- (i) the film is removed again.
Vorzugsweise wird für die Tauchimprägnierung eine Kunststoffdispersion mit einer Viskosität von 1,5 bis 3,0 Pa-s, vorzugsweise von 1,8 bis 2,5 Pa·s verwendet. Das Flächengewicht der durch Tauchimprägnierung aufgebrachten Beschichtungsmasse beträgt vorzugsweise 60 bis 120 g/M 2.A plastic dispersion with a viscosity of 1.5 to 3.0 Pa-s, preferably of 1.8 to 2.5 Pa · s, is preferably used for the dip impregnation. The weight per unit area of the coating composition applied by dip impregnation is preferably 60 to 120 g / M 2 .
Als besonders vorteilhaft hat es sich erwiesen, wenn für die Tauchimprägnierung eine wäßrige Dispersion aus 50 bis 60 Gewichtsteilen eines thermoplastischen Acrylat-Copolymers, 40 bis 50 Gewichtsteilen eines oder mehrerer selbstvernetzenden duroplastischen Acrylat-Homo-oder-Copolymere und 0 bis 20 Gewichtsteilen Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymer verwendet wird. Die Auswahl dieses speziellen Kunststoff - gemischs führt zu einer hohen Selektivität der Haftung der Metallteilchen im Bereich der erhabenen Stellen, also der Fadenkreuzungspunkte des textilen Trägers.It has proven to be particularly advantageous if an aqueous dispersion of 50 to 60 parts by weight of a thermoplastic acrylate copolymer, 40 to 50 parts by weight of one or more self-crosslinking thermosetting acrylate homo- or copolymers and 0 to 20 parts by weight of ethylene-vinyl acetate for immersion impregnation Copolymer is used. The selection of this special plastic mixture leads to a high selectivity of the adhesion of the metal particles in the area of the raised areas, ie the crosshairs of the textile backing.
Gewünschtenfalls kann für die Tauchimprägnierung eine Dispersion verwendet werden, die in an sich bekannter Weise zusätzlich Flammschutzmittel und/oder Biozide enthält. Wenn zum Beispiel die erfindungsgemäße Textilbahn in öffentlichen Gebäuden wie Schulen, Krankenhäusern, Theatern oder in besonders feuergefährdeten Objekten wie z. B. in Hotels, Gaststätten, Diskotheken oder aber in Kraftfahrzeugen und Flugzeugen verwendet werden soll, wird zweckmäßig nicht nur ein von vornherein flammfest oder flammhemmend ausgerüsteter textiler Träger verwendet, sondern zusätzlich auch für die Beschichtung eine Kunststoffdispersion eingesetzt, die ein Flammschutzmittel enthält. Soll die erfindungsgemäße Textilbahn dagegen in Feuchträumen oder für die Innenausstattung von Schiffen verwendet werden, dann ist es zweckmäßig, der Kunststoff-dispersion ein Biozid zuzusetzen.If desired, a dispersion can be used for the dip impregnation which additionally contains flame retardants and / or biocides in a manner known per se. If, for example, the textile web according to the invention in public buildings such as schools, hospitals, theaters or in particularly fire-prone objects such. B. to be used in hotels, restaurants, discotheques or in motor vehicles and airplanes, it is useful not only a flame retardant or from the outset flame retardant textile carrier used, but also used for the coating a plastic dispersion that contains a flame retardant. On the other hand, if the textile web according to the invention is to be used in damp rooms or for the interior of ships, then it is expedient to add a biocide to the plastic dispersion.
Der textile Träger wird zwar im allgemeinen aus Kostengründen aus den üblichen brennbaren Textilfasern natürlichen oder synthetischen Ursprungs hergestellt sein, er kann jedoch auch aus unbrennbaren Fasern, beispielsweise aus Glasfasern, keramischen Fasern, Metallfasern, Kohlenstoff- und Aramid-Fasern hergestellt sein.Although the textile backing will generally be made from the usual combustible textile fibers of natural or synthetic origin for reasons of cost, it can also be made from incombustible fibers, for example from glass fibers, ceramic fibers, metal fibers, carbon and aramid fibers.
Das beidseitige Abrakeln überschüssiger Beschichtungsmasse erfolgt zweckmäßig mittels eines Luftrakelsystems mit zwei versetzt angeordneten Messern, doch können andere herkömmliche Rakeln ebenfalls verwendet werden; wichtig ist nur, daß das Abrakeln grundsätzlich von beiden Seiten des beschichteten textilen Trägers durchgeführt wird, damit nicht auf einer der beiden Seiten die zwischen den erhabenen Bereichen des Textilstoffs liegenden Vertiefungen von der Kunststoffmasse gefüllt und damit eingeebnet werden.The excess coating mass is expediently scraped off on both sides by means of an air knife system with two staggered knives, but other conventional doctor blades can also be used; it is only important that the doctoring is basically carried out from both sides of the coated textile backing so that the depressions lying between the raised areas of the textile material are not filled and thus leveled on one of the two sides.
Als metallbedampfte Folie wird vorzugsweise eine mit Aluminium, Gold oder Kupfer bedampfte Polyesterfolie verwendet. Die Polyesterfolie dient lediglich als Hilfsfolie bzw. als Zwischenträger für die Metallschicht. Das auf die Folie aufgedampfte Metall kann zur Erzielung besonderer ästhetischer Effekte auch in an sich bekannter Weise lackiert sein.A polyester film coated with aluminum, gold or copper is preferably used as the metal-coated film. The polyester film only serves as an auxiliary film or as an intermediate support for the metal layer. The metal evaporated onto the film can also be coated in a manner known per se in order to achieve special aesthetic effects.
Ein entscheidender Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht grundsätzlich darin, daß das Metall von einer Hilfsfolie auf den kunststoffbeschichteten textilen Träger unter Anwendung von Druck und Wärme übertragen wird, daß es also nicht erforderlich ist, den ganzen Verbund im Hochvakuum mit dem Metall zu bedampfen. Zwar muß auch die als solche im Handel erhältliche Hilfsfolie mit dem Metall bedampft werden, doch läßt sich dies bei der weit weniger kompliziert aufgebauten Polyesterfolie sehr viel einfacher und dadurch billiger durchführen.A decisive advantage of the method according to the invention is that the metal is transferred from an auxiliary film to the plastic-coated textile carrier is transferred using pressure and heat, so that it is not necessary to vapor-deposit the entire composite with the metal. Although the auxiliary film which is commercially available as such must also be vapor-coated with the metal, this can be carried out much more simply and therefore more cheaply in the polyester film, which has a much less complicated structure.
Vorzugsweise wird eine solche Folie verwendet, die zwischen der Trägerfolie aus Polyester und der aufgedampften Metallschicht eine Trennmittelschicht aufweist, weil sich dann die Trägerfolie nach der Übertragung des Metalls auf die kunststoffbeschichtete Textilbahn leichter wieder von dem Verbund abziehen läßt, ohne die übertragenen Metallteilchen wieder von der Textilbahn abzuziehen.Preferably, such a film is used which has a release agent layer between the polyester carrier film and the vapor-deposited metal layer, because then the carrier film can be more easily removed from the composite after the metal has been transferred to the plastic-coated textile web without the transferred metal particles again Pull off the textile web.
Ferner wird vorzugsweise eine solche Metalltransferfolie verwendet, bei der die aufgedampfte Metallschicht zusätzlich mit einer haftvermittelnden Kunststoffschicht bedeckt ist. Durch die haftvermittelnde Kunststoffschicht wird nämlich die Haftung zwischen den Metallteilchen und der kunststoffbeschichteten Textilbahn verbessert. Diese haftvermittelnde Kunststoffschicht besteht vorzugsweise aus Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymer.Furthermore, such a metal transfer film is preferably used in which the vapor-deposited metal layer is additionally covered with an adhesion-promoting plastic layer. The adhesion-promoting plastic layer improves the adhesion between the metal particles and the plastic-coated textile web. This adhesion-promoting plastic layer preferably consists of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
Der mit Hilfe von Kaschierwalzen durchgeführte Metalltransfer von der metallbedampften Folie auf die kunststoffbeschichtete Textilbahn geschieht vorzugsweise unter einem Druck von 4'10 - 6-10 Pa und bei einer Temperatur von etwa 110 - 140°C.The metal transfer from the metal-coated film to the plastic-coated textile web is carried out with the aid of laminating rollers, preferably under a pressure of 4'10-6-10 Pa and at a temperature of about 110-140 ° C.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Textilbahn zur Herstellung von Sonnenschutzrollos, Tarnnetzen oder Tarnplanen, Isolierrollos, Isoliertapeten, Arbeitskleidung und zur Herstellung von Innenauskleidungen von Kraftfahrzeugen und Flugzeugen. Darüber hinaus kann die erfindungsgemäße Textilbahn ganz allgemein im Kraftfahrzeugsektor, in der Medizintechnik, im Bauwesen, sowohl für die Innenausstattung als auch im Außenbereich von Hochbauten, im Gartenbau, z. B. für Sonnenschutzrollos in Gewächshäusern, sowie überall dort eingesetzt werden, wo es darauf ankommt, langwellige elektromagnetische Strahlung, insbesondere Wärmestrahlung, von Menschen, Maschinen, Geräten, Bauten oder Flächen abzuhalten.The use of the textile web according to the invention is particularly advantageous for the production of sun protection blinds, camouflage nets or tarpaulins, insulating roller blinds, insulating wallpapers, work clothes and for the production of interior linings of motor vehicles and aircraft. In addition, the textile web according to the invention can be used in general vehicle sector, in medical technology, in construction, both for the interior and exterior of high-rise buildings, in horticulture, e.g. B. for sun blinds in greenhouses, and wherever it is important to keep long-wave electromagnetic radiation, especially heat radiation, from people, machines, equipment, buildings or surfaces.
Während die Reflexion der Strahlung im nahen Infrarotbereich bis zu 90% der auftreffenden Strahlung erreichen kann, kann die Transmission in diesem Wellenlängenbereich 10 - 50% bei der erfindungsgemäßen Textilbahn betragen.While the reflection of the radiation in the near infrared range can reach up to 90% of the incident radiation, the transmission in this wavelength range can be 10-50% for the textile web according to the invention.
Die Optik der erfindungsgemäßen Textilbahn kann durch Verwendung farbiger textiler Träger und pigmentierter Beschichtungsmassen in nahezu beliebiger Weise eingestellt werden, wobei die Transluzenz der Textilbahn in jedem Falle erhalten bleibt, wobei aber berücksichtigt werden muß, daß bei dunkler Einfärbung des textilen Trägers und/ oder der Beschichtungsmasse eine höhere Wärmeabsorption durch die Textilbahn selbst unvermeidlich ist. Die Verwendung unpigmentierter Beschichtungsmassen und ungefärbter oder zumindest hell gefärbter textiler Träger ist deshalb bevorzugt.The appearance of the textile web according to the invention can be adjusted in almost any way by using colored textile carriers and pigmented coating compositions, the translucency of the textile web being retained in any case, but it must be taken into account that the textile carrier and / or the coating composition is colored darker higher heat absorption by the textile web itself is inevitable. The use of unpigmented coating compositions and undyed or at least light-colored textile supports is therefore preferred.
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19850102648 EP0193636A1 (en) | 1985-03-08 | 1985-03-08 | Reflecting textile band, process for its preparation and its use |
US06/778,907 US4645704A (en) | 1985-03-08 | 1985-09-23 | Reflecting textile web and method for the production thereof |
EP19860102864 EP0194564B1 (en) | 1985-03-08 | 1986-03-05 | Reflecting textile material, process for its manufacture and its use |
DE8686102864T DE3664938D1 (en) | 1985-03-08 | 1986-03-05 | Reflecting textile material, process for its manufacture and its use |
AT86102864T ATE45402T1 (en) | 1985-03-08 | 1986-03-05 | REFLECTIVE TEXTILE MESH, PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND ITS USE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19850102648 EP0193636A1 (en) | 1985-03-08 | 1985-03-08 | Reflecting textile band, process for its preparation and its use |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0193636A1 true EP0193636A1 (en) | 1986-09-10 |
Family
ID=8193358
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP19850102648 Withdrawn EP0193636A1 (en) | 1985-03-08 | 1985-03-08 | Reflecting textile band, process for its preparation and its use |
EP19860102864 Expired EP0194564B1 (en) | 1985-03-08 | 1986-03-05 | Reflecting textile material, process for its manufacture and its use |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP19860102864 Expired EP0194564B1 (en) | 1985-03-08 | 1986-03-05 | Reflecting textile material, process for its manufacture and its use |
Country Status (3)
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US (1) | US4645704A (en) |
EP (2) | EP0193636A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3664938D1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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EP1053867A2 (en) * | 1999-05-21 | 2000-11-22 | Blum, Rainer | Planar translucent element for the building industry |
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DE3735689A1 (en) * | 1987-10-22 | 1989-05-18 | Helmuth Schmoock | LAMINATE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT |
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EP1053867A3 (en) * | 1999-05-21 | 2002-03-27 | Blum, Rainer | Planar translucent element for the building industry |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0194564A3 (en) | 1987-07-01 |
EP0194564B1 (en) | 1989-08-09 |
DE3664938D1 (en) | 1989-09-14 |
EP0194564A2 (en) | 1986-09-17 |
US4645704A (en) | 1987-02-24 |
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