EP0190075A1 - Dampferzeuger mit flüssigem Metall als Wärmetransportmittel und mit Leckfeststellung durch Entnahme eines solchen flüssigen Metalles - Google Patents

Dampferzeuger mit flüssigem Metall als Wärmetransportmittel und mit Leckfeststellung durch Entnahme eines solchen flüssigen Metalles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0190075A1
EP0190075A1 EP86400130A EP86400130A EP0190075A1 EP 0190075 A1 EP0190075 A1 EP 0190075A1 EP 86400130 A EP86400130 A EP 86400130A EP 86400130 A EP86400130 A EP 86400130A EP 0190075 A1 EP0190075 A1 EP 0190075A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
tubes
steam generator
tube
bundle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86400130A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0190075B1 (de
Inventor
René Traiteur
Jean-Pierre Fabregue
Jean-Luc Minguet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novatome SA
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Novatome SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Novatome SA filed Critical Novatome SA
Publication of EP0190075A1 publication Critical patent/EP0190075A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0190075B1 publication Critical patent/EP0190075B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/06—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium
    • F22B1/063—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium for metal cooled nuclear reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/42—Applications, arrangements, or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices
    • F22B37/421—Arrangements for detecting leaks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam generator, the heat transfer fluid is a liquid metal, to de- t ection leakage by sampling the liquid metal.
  • the steam generators of fast neutron nuclear reactors very often use a liquid metal such as sodium as heat transfer fluid, for heating and vaporizing feed water, from the heat taken from the reactor core.
  • a liquid metal such as sodium as heat transfer fluid
  • These steam generators are very often formed by an outer casing of generally cylindrical shape arranged with its vertical axis and connected at each of its ends to a very thick tubular plate.
  • the exchange part of the steam generator is constituted by a bundle of tubes placed in the outer casing inside a bundle casing coaxial with this outer casing.
  • Each of the tubes of the bundle is connected by welding at one of its ends, to the lower tube plate and at its other end, to the upper tube plate, in the extension of corresponding bore passing respectively through the lower tube plate and the plate upper tubular.
  • the lower tubular plate separates the internal volume of the envelope of the steam generator from a water box allowing to distribute the food water in the tubes of the bundle.
  • the upper tube plate separates the internal volume of the envelope of the steam generator from a vapor collector collecting the vapor formed in each of the tubes of the bundle.
  • the heat transfer liquid metal enters the internal volume of the envelope of the steam generator, in its upper part, that is to say a little below the upper tube plate.
  • the envelope of beam has its upper end situated at a certain distance below the upper tube plate, so that the molten metal penetrates into the beam envelope, above the upper end of this beam envelope.
  • the upper part of the bundle envelope constitutes a flow threshold of rounded and generally hollow shape.
  • thermal protection plate thinner than the tube plate.
  • the bundle tubes pass through the thermal protection plate in openings machined in this protection plate, to be welded at their upper end to end pieces machined in the tube plate.
  • the bundle tubes are surrounded over part of their length by protective tubes having an internal diameter such that a radial clearance remains between the bundle tube and the protective tube. corresponding.
  • the radial space between the bundle tube and the protection tube opens at one of its ends into the interior space of the steam generator below the thermal protection plate and at its other end in the space between the thermal protection plate and the upper tube plate.
  • Liquid sodium sampling devices have therefore been proposed, for the purpose of detecting and dosing hydrogen in the sampled sodium arranged in the vicinity of the upper end of the steam generator.
  • these samples making it possible to detect the presence of hydrogen indicative of a water leak in the liquid sodium, are carried out in an area where the hot sodium entering the steam generator arrives, so that they do not concern actually a flow of sodium having circulated in contact with the weld zone of the tubes and consequently. highly charged with hydrogen in the event of a leak on one of the tubes.
  • the detection is therefore random and depends on the speed with which the hydrogen diffuses into the liquid sodium circulating in its upper part.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a steam generator in which the heat transfer fluid is a liquid metal, with leak detection by sampling this liquid metal, comprising an outer casing of generally cylindrical shape connected at each of its ends to a very thick tubular plate, a bundle of tubes arranged inside a bundle of coaxial bundle with the external envelope and placed inside this envelope, having one of its ends or inlet end of the heat transfer fluid located at a certain distance from the corresponding tube plate, at least one inlet opening for the hot liquid metal passing through the external envelope in the vicinity of the entry end of the bundle envelope which constitutes a threshold of flow of rounded and hollow shape over which the liquid metal passes to enter the bundle envelope, each of the bundle tubes being welded at one of its ends to one of the tubular plates and at its other end on the other tube plate, at a bore passing through the tube plate.
  • thermal protection plate placed parallel to the tube plate corresponding to the inlet end of the heat transfer fluid and between this tube plate and the end of the bundle envelope, protective tubes each surrounding a bundle tube with a certain radial clearance between the thermal protection plate and the corresponding tubular plate, so that the radial space formed between the two tubes opens at one of its ends on the face of the protective plate diri towards the inside of the steam generator and at its other end in the space between the tube plate and the corresponding thermal protection plate, steam generator which makes it possible to quickly and reliably detect a leak of water or steam at one end of the bundle tubes, without requesting any significant modification to the structure of the steam generator.
  • a steam generator comprising an outer casing 1 of generally cylindrical shape connected to an end portion in the form of a spherical sector itself welded to a very thick tubular plate 2.
  • a bundle casing 4 of cylindrical shape is arranged inside the outer casing 1 and coaxially with it.
  • the bundle consists of a large number of straight tubes 3, the upper part of which is connected by welding to the tube plate 2 is visible in FIG. 1a.
  • the tube plate 2 has a bore 7 in the extension of the internal bore of the tube 3 which is thus in communication with the vapor collector 9 situated above the tube plate 2.
  • FIG. 1a A single tube has been shown in FIG. 1a but it is obvious that the tube plate has a very large number end pieces such as 5 for connecting all the tubes of the straight tube bundle of the steam generator.
  • Fig. 1 there is shown the axes 3 'of a set of tubes 3 of the bundle.
  • Each tube 3 is connected at its part in- f érieure not shown in Figs. 1 and 1a, to the lower tubular plate of the steam generator secured to the lower part of the outer casing 1.
  • the ends of the tube are connected to the lower tubular plate and to the upper tubular plate by welding on a connector provided on the upper face of the lower tube plate and on the lower face of the upper tube plate respectively.
  • a tube 12 fixed on the outer casing 1 of the steam generator allowing the introduction of hot liquid sodium inside the steam generator.
  • a thermal protection plate 10 parallel to the tubular plate 2 and of a thickness much thinner than that of the plate 2 is arranged below the latter at a certain distance. This plate 10 prevents the hot liquid sodium entering through the tubing 12 and circulating according to the arrows 13, from coming into direct contact with the tubular plate 2 of great thickness and very sensitive to thermal shocks.
  • the thermal protection plate 10 is fixed under the tubular plate 2 by means of a frustoconical ferrule 15 completely closing on its periphery, the space 17 between the plates 2 and 10.
  • a deflection ferrule 16 of the sodium liquid is also fixed on the lower external edge of the thermal protection plate 10.
  • the thermal protection plate 10 is pierced with a very large number of bores 18 with a diameter substantially greater than the diameter of the tubes 3, along the axes 3 ′ of these tubes of the bundle.
  • a protective sheath 20 is placed, the internal diameter of which is such that a relatively large radial clearance remains between the tube 3 and the sheath 20.
  • Each of the sheaths 20 is fixed inside a bore 18 and welded at its lower portion on the protective plate t ion 10. the sheath 20 has a sufficient length such that the weld zone 6 of the tube 3 of the tube plate 2 is located within the sheath.
  • the upper part of the bundle envelope 4 constitutes a hollow threshold generally designated by the reference 22.
  • This hollow threshold consists of a cylindrical-conical ferrule 23 welded to the upper part of the cylindrical bundle envelope 4, a cylindrical internal ferrule 24 and an upper annular and rounded closure part 25 visible in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a space of small thickness is provided between the ferrules 23 and 24 at their lower part in order to put the interior volume of the threshold 22 into communication with the interior space of the bundle envelope 4.
  • the upper part of the bundle envelope 4 constituted by the flow threshold 22 makes it possible to guide the flow of hot sodium circulating according to the arrows 13 and to distribute it homogeneously in the bundle, at the moment when it flows at the above the rounded part 25 of the flow threshold.
  • This part 25 has openings 26 distributed with a constant angular spacing over its entire circumference. In each of the openings 26 is fixed the lower end of a vertical tube 27 whose end upper part is engaged in an opening 28 passing through the thermal protection plate 10, at its periphery.
  • a sampling means makes it possible to recover part of the sodium circulating in the direction indicated by the arrows 13 ′ to send it to a device for detecting and dosing hydrogen.
  • This sampling means consists of a rectangular section toroidal envelope 31 having openings 33 in its upper wall arranged inside the hollow threshold 22 and by a sampling pipe 32 visible in FIGS. 1 and 2 taking this sodium taken from the exterior of the external envelope 1 of the steam generator, to the hydrogen detection and metering installation.
  • This sodium sampled by the device 31, 32 is taken directly to the detection and metering device without undergoing mixing with the sodium entering the steam generator. Detection is therefore very sensitive and very rapid.
  • the temperature of the sodium circulating along the path represented by the arrows 13 ′ undergoes a different evolution from that of the main sodium flow following the descending axial path represented by the arrows 13 ".
  • the sodium exiting at the bottom of the threshold 22 is generally more as cold as the sodium circulating in the beam.
  • holes 35 are provided in the lower part of the threshold, below the sampling torus 31. Hot sodium entering along the path 13 comes to mix with the sodium leaving at the lower part of the threshold passing through it through the holes 35. This reintroduction of hot sodium makes it possible to balance the temperature of the flow 13 'with respect to the temperature of the 13 "main flow. This reintroduction of sodium below the sampling torus therefore does not dilute the sodium sampled with incoming hot sodium.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 an alternative embodiment of the upper part of the steam generator is seen, the corresponding elements in FIGS. 3 and 4 on the one hand and 1 and 2 on the other hand bearing the same references.
  • the space 17 between the protective plate 10 and the tubular plate 2 is separated into six distinct parts 37 by vertical and radial partitions 36 substantially sealed arranged angularly at 60 * with respect to each other.
  • Each of the parts 37 of the space 17 is associated with a vertical tube 27 disposed inside an opening 28 passing through the tubular plate 10.
  • the tube 27 makes it possible to bring the sodium flow 13 ′ having circulated in contact with the welding zone of the tube 3 in a sampling tube 39.
  • the six tubes 39 each corresponding to a part 37 of the space 27 are independently connected to the hydrogen detection and metering device.
  • This device makes it possible, in the event of a leak in the weld zone of one of the tubes 3, to distinguish the conduit 39 having brought the flow of sodium polluted by hydrogen, that is to say the part 37 in the form sector in which the leaking tube is located. Individual sampling by sector therefore makes it easier to find the leakage and repair of the steam generator.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments which have been described; this is how the threshold can have a different shape from that which has been described, that the sampling assembly can be produced in a different way and that the vertical tubes joining the interior volume of the threshold to the upper space of the steam generator, above the thermal protection plate can be rigidly fixed at one of their ends on this protection plate and mounted sliding at their other end in the threshold, instead of reverse mounting that has been described. Any partitioning of the upper space 17 of the steam generator can be adopted to refine the location of the leaks.
  • the steam generator can include a sampling assembly as described in its lower part, in the case where the lower end of the steam generator constitutes the inlet end of the heat-transfer fluid.
  • the lower end of the bundle envelope constitutes its entry end 'produced in the form of a hollow and rounded threshold.
  • a thermal protection plate is arranged above the lower tube plate at a certain distance from this plate. This avoids direct contact with the lower tube plate of hot sodium which, in this embodiment, is brought by a tube in the vicinity of the lower part of the steam generator.
  • the arrangement of the elements allowing the sampling of sodium having circulated in the vicinity of the zone of welding of the tubes of the bundle on the lower tubular plate is moreover practically identical to the arrangement which has been described above.
  • the steam generators according to the invention can use a heat transfer fluid different from liquid sodium and constituted for example by the eutectic sodium-potassium mixture, or by lithium.
  • the generator can be with straight tubes, or with helical tubes, the ends of these tubes being arranged parallel and vertical to be welded to the tube plate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP86400130A 1985-01-25 1986-01-22 Dampferzeuger mit flüssigem Metall als Wärmetransportmittel und mit Leckfeststellung durch Entnahme eines solchen flüssigen Metalles Expired EP0190075B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8501070A FR2576708B1 (fr) 1985-01-25 1985-01-25 Generateur de vapeur dont le fluide caloporteur est du metal liquide et dont la detection des fuites est effectuee par prelevement de ce metal liquide
FR8501070 1985-01-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0190075A1 true EP0190075A1 (de) 1986-08-06
EP0190075B1 EP0190075B1 (de) 1988-05-04

Family

ID=9315619

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86400130A Expired EP0190075B1 (de) 1985-01-25 1986-01-22 Dampferzeuger mit flüssigem Metall als Wärmetransportmittel und mit Leckfeststellung durch Entnahme eines solchen flüssigen Metalles

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4724799A (de)
EP (1) EP0190075B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS61175402A (de)
DE (1) DE3660176D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2576708B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2204942A (en) * 1987-04-07 1988-11-23 Nat Nuclear Corp Ltd Flour restricting tube support grids for steam generators
WO2012143495A2 (de) 2011-04-21 2012-10-26 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Neue binder-wirkstoff konjugate (adcs) und ihre verwendung

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5320967A (en) * 1993-04-20 1994-06-14 Nalco Chemical Company Boiler system leak detection
US5565619A (en) * 1994-11-14 1996-10-15 Betz Laboratories, Inc. Methods and apparatus for monitoring water process equipment
US5663489A (en) * 1994-11-14 1997-09-02 Betzdearborn Inc. Methods and apparatus for monitoring water process equipment
MY156932A (en) * 2010-04-28 2016-04-15 Sharp Kk Cooking device
US9170193B2 (en) 2013-06-06 2015-10-27 General Electric Company Detecting coolant leaks in turbine generators
US9097657B2 (en) 2013-07-23 2015-08-04 General Electric Company Leak detection of stator liquid cooling system

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2287668A1 (fr) * 1974-10-11 1976-05-07 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif de protection thermique pour echangeur de chaleur
EP0057643A2 (de) * 1981-02-02 1982-08-11 Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Schutzeinrichtung für die Rohrplatte an der heissen Seite eines vertikaler Wärmetauschers
EP0070758A1 (de) * 1981-07-08 1983-01-26 Electricite De France Dampferzeuger mit einer Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung von Undichtheiten

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2658728A (en) * 1948-06-25 1953-11-10 Lummus Co Method of detecting leakage between heat transfer fluids
US4140176A (en) * 1973-03-26 1979-02-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Protective tubes for sodium heated water tubes
GB1472445A (en) * 1973-08-23 1977-05-04 Electricite De France Leak detection in heat-exchangers
US4090554A (en) * 1976-11-17 1978-05-23 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Heat exchanger
US4368694A (en) * 1981-05-21 1983-01-18 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Leak detection system for a steam generator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2287668A1 (fr) * 1974-10-11 1976-05-07 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif de protection thermique pour echangeur de chaleur
EP0057643A2 (de) * 1981-02-02 1982-08-11 Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Schutzeinrichtung für die Rohrplatte an der heissen Seite eines vertikaler Wärmetauschers
EP0070758A1 (de) * 1981-07-08 1983-01-26 Electricite De France Dampferzeuger mit einer Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung von Undichtheiten

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2204942A (en) * 1987-04-07 1988-11-23 Nat Nuclear Corp Ltd Flour restricting tube support grids for steam generators
GB2204942B (en) * 1987-04-07 1991-08-21 Nat Nuclear Corp Ltd Heat exchangers
WO2012143495A2 (de) 2011-04-21 2012-10-26 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Neue binder-wirkstoff konjugate (adcs) und ihre verwendung
WO2012143496A2 (de) 2011-04-21 2012-10-26 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Neue binder-wirkstoff konjugate (adcs) und ihre verwendung
WO2012143499A2 (de) 2011-04-21 2012-10-26 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Neue binder-wirkstoff konjugate (adcs) und ihre verwendung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3660176D1 (en) 1988-06-09
FR2576708B1 (fr) 1987-04-30
EP0190075B1 (de) 1988-05-04
US4724799A (en) 1988-02-16
FR2576708A1 (fr) 1986-08-01
JPS61175402A (ja) 1986-08-07

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