EP0190069B1 - Behandlung einer Faserbahn erhalten auf dem Wege der Papierherstellung im Hinblick auf die Verbesserung ihrer Abmessungsstabilität und Verwendung namentlich auf dem Gebiet der Boden- oder Wandbekleidungen - Google Patents
Behandlung einer Faserbahn erhalten auf dem Wege der Papierherstellung im Hinblick auf die Verbesserung ihrer Abmessungsstabilität und Verwendung namentlich auf dem Gebiet der Boden- oder Wandbekleidungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0190069B1 EP0190069B1 EP86400072A EP86400072A EP0190069B1 EP 0190069 B1 EP0190069 B1 EP 0190069B1 EP 86400072 A EP86400072 A EP 86400072A EP 86400072 A EP86400072 A EP 86400072A EP 0190069 B1 EP0190069 B1 EP 0190069B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dimensional stability
- latex
- binder
- peg
- sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
- D21H17/28—Starch
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/54—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen
- D21H17/55—Polyamides; Polyaminoamides; Polyester-amides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2484—Coating or impregnation is water absorbency-increasing or hydrophilicity-increasing or hydrophilicity-imparting
- Y10T442/2492—Polyether group containing
Definitions
- the invention relates to improving the dimensional stability of a fibrous sheet by supplying said sheet of chemicals in solution followed by a drying phase.
- fibrous sheet is meant here a material prepared by the papermaking route and comprising fibers of which at least a part consists of hydrophilic fibers, in particular cellulosic; this material may, where appropriate, comprise a mineral and / or organic filler which is not a binder, an organic binder and one or more adjuvants conventional in stationery.
- Mineral felts although more economical for the transformer, are less interesting in terms of their dimensional stability, compared to glass veils which are at least as stable as asbestos felts with respect to humidity and water. .
- the poor dimensional stability of mineral felts is mainly due to the cellulose fibers they contain. As the fibers are very hydrophilic, their dimensions vary greatly depending on the ambient humidity.
- Papermakers have conducted a lot of research to improve the dimensional stability of such fibrous sheets.
- cellulosic supports is known by impregnation with binders and wetting agents for purposes other than improving dimensional stability.
- the wetting agent can in fact, as a surfactant, be used to modify the characteristics of the binder.
- An object of the invention is to obtain an improvement in the dimensional stability of the coating supports for floor or wall coverings using a new chemical treatment.
- Another object of the treatment of the invention is, with equal dimensional stability, to be able to reduce the rate of mineral fibers in the supports for floor or wall coverings.
- Another object of the treatment of the invention is the improvement of the dimensional stability of other paper carriers containing cellulose fibers.
- the dimensional stability of the fibrous sheet with respect to moisture and water is remarkably improved when the fibrous sheet containing cellulosic fibers is impregnated with a chemical mixture comprising at least 15 parts by dry weight of at least one wetting agent per 85 parts by dry weight of at least one organic binder of the synthetic latex type or water-soluble binder.
- the impregnated sheet is then dried.
- wetting agent used are sufficient to, in addition to the possible fixing of a certain amount of wetting agent on the binder, allow satisfactory wetting of cellulose.
- the binder to be used is an organic binder of natural or synthetic origin since mineral binders and cements have the drawback of having too long a setting time.
- the organic binder also binds the constituents of the fibrous sheet to one another and can strengthen the physical properties of the paper sheet.
- the preferred synthetic latexes have a surface tension of less than 40mN / m.
- Wetting is understood to mean any hygroscopic chemical having a low surface tension and allowing the sheet to quickly take up large amounts of water even at low ambient humidity. In doing so, the sheet remains dimensionally stable during the evolution towards a higher humidity.
- the treatment of the fibrous sheet can be carried out directly on a paper machine or on an autonomous impregnation or coating installation.
- the treatment can therefore be carried out by the papermaker or by a processor.
- the fibrous sheet is treated by any impregnation process known to those skilled in the art. Possible devices are in particular spraying devices, impregnators, but the size press is preferred, which is the device commonly used on paper machines.
- Impregnation of the fibrous sheet may only be carried out on one side but it is preferable to use devices allowing impregnation on both sides.
- the sheet was impregnated by means of a size press fed with the pure, wetting or binding products, and their mixtures.
- the dry matter deposit on the sheet is adjusted by a more or less significant dilution of the impregnation solution with water.
- an anti-foam was selected and added to the bath.
- an alkaline sizing agent based on dimeric alkyl ketene was incorporated into the impregnation solution to reduce the surface absorption of water in the sheet after treatment.
- the antifoam is added at a rate of 0.05% relative to the total volume of the final bath.
- PEG 400 indeed has good efficiency for dimensional stability and low thermal degradation for temperatures encountered during the envisaged subsequent transformation phase. It is also possible, if necessary, to reduce the sensitivity of PEG to temperature, by the introduction into a size press of suitable stabilizing agents.
- the dimensional stability is lower than that obtained, with equal deposits, with PEG 400.
- the impregnation of the sheet has surprisingly improved the RTD by almost 100% without boring during processing.
- Table II also highlight the advantage of PEG-Nadavine mixtures over BEROCEL 404-Nadavine mixtures both in terms of dimensional stability and physical characteristics.
- Part 1 Impregnations with pure products.
- the high deposition PEG provides a good improvement in dimensional stability but it causes a loss of traction when hot and a loss of rigidity compared to the characteristics of the raw sheet.
- Latex or Nadavine LT does not improve dimensional stability.
- the latex is DM 122.
- impregnation with the mixture makes it possible to reduce the deposition of PEG 400 by more than half and to improve hot traction and rigidity.
- the presence of latex in the impregnation bath increases the binding power of the bath and makes it possible to eliminate the linting of the fibers on the surface of the sheet.
- Bath preparation is analogous to that of Study 1. Part 1 - impregnation with pure products Nadavine LT and latex have no influence on dimensional stability.
- PEG improves dimensional stability but there is a drop in cold traction and stiffness.
- the latex used is latex 3720.
- blends again allow for greater dimensional stability while providing less PEG 400 to the sheet.
- the mixtures make it possible to limit the losses of physical characteristics compared to the values measured for the paper before impregnation.
- the sheet has the following composition:
- the deposit in a BEROCEL 404-latex mixture is twice as important as for the PEG 400-latex mixture (Table V bis).
- the PEG 400-latex mixture provides better rigidity and better heat traction.
- the removal obtained was 25 g / m 2 sec (total of the two faces).
- Impregnation with the PEG 400-latex bath allows a better level of dimensional stability to be obtained without significantly degrading the essential mechanical characteristics of the sheet (Table VI).
- STUDY 5-Mineral wall covering support This is a thin sheet loaded with low latex content which is obtained according to the process described in European patent application EP 6390.
- the dimensional stability was measured on a FENCHEL type device.
- the test piece was steamed for 2 minutes at 200 ° C. before testing and the elongation measurement carried out after 8 minutes of immersion in water.
- the dimensional stability of the raw sheet is 0.85%.
- the removal was carried out at a rate of 10.3 g / m 2 sec (total of the 2 faces).
- the dimensional stability measured is 0.35%, ie a gain of more than 50% compared to the raw sheet.
- Latex 3726 was replaced in impregnation bath 1 by an equivalent quantity of CE 35 latex.
- the dry extract of the final mixture was 30%.
- the removal was carried out at a rate of 11 g / M 2 sec (total of the 2 faces).
- the dimensional stability is 0.27%, again a very significant gain in dimensional stability.
- the impregnation bath no longer contains synthetic latex but Nadavine LT.
- the removal was carried out at a rate of 11.1 g / m 2 sec (total of the 2 faces).
- reinforcing fibers may have technical drawbacks depending on the end use of the paper obtained, or economical due to the cost of certain qualities of reinforcing fibers such as polyester fibers.
- Test VIII-4 shows that the quantity of PEG 400 can be significantly reduced while obtaining a net gain in dimensional stability compared to the raw support.
- the deposit is 15 g / m of dry products for all the tests.
- Example IX-6 of this study shows that it is possible to obtain a very good improvement in dimensional stability, even with a wetting / binder ratio of 15/85. It also shows the use of specific binders which allows less wetting agent to be used in the impregnation mixture to obtain a level of dimensional stability which is still remarkable compared to that of the raw support.
- the whiteness was determined using a photovoltaic by measuring the reflectance of a light flux at 457 mm. The measurements were carried out in accordance with TAPPI T 4520M -83.
- the values indicated correspond to a visual classification of the surface states.
- test piece is cut from a sheet covered with a layer of expanded plastisol.
- delamination is started in the support sheet coated with the plastisol layer.
- the two parts are fixed to the jaws of the dynamometer.
- the value of the recorded traction corresponds to the force which must be exerted to detach the layer of expanded plastisol from the support.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86400072T ATE41685T1 (de) | 1985-01-18 | 1986-01-15 | Behandlung einer faserbahn erhalten auf dem wege der papierherstellung im hinblick auf die verbesserung ihrer abmessungsstabilitaet und verwendung namentlich auf dem gebiet der bodenoder wandbekleidungen. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8500745A FR2576333B1 (fr) | 1985-01-18 | 1985-01-18 | Traitement d'une feuille fibreuse obtenue par voie papetiere en vue d'ameliorer sa stabilite dimensionnelle et application notamment dans le domaine des revetements de sol ou muraux |
FR8500745 | 1985-01-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0190069A1 EP0190069A1 (de) | 1986-08-06 |
EP0190069B1 true EP0190069B1 (de) | 1989-03-22 |
Family
ID=9315415
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86400072A Expired EP0190069B1 (de) | 1985-01-18 | 1986-01-15 | Behandlung einer Faserbahn erhalten auf dem Wege der Papierherstellung im Hinblick auf die Verbesserung ihrer Abmessungsstabilität und Verwendung namentlich auf dem Gebiet der Boden- oder Wandbekleidungen |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4710422A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0190069B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPS61215798A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE41685T1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR8600190A (de) |
CA (1) | CA1255457A (de) |
DE (1) | DE3662541D1 (de) |
FI (1) | FI80743C (de) |
FR (1) | FR2576333B1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8714056D0 (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1987-07-22 | Scott Bader Co | Heat stable prepastes |
US5618341A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-04-08 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Methods for uniformly dispersing fibers within starch-based compositions |
US5580624A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1996-12-03 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Food and beverage containers made from inorganic aggregates and polysaccharide, protein, or synthetic organic binders, and the methods of manufacturing such containers |
US5506046A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1996-04-09 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Articles of manufacture fashioned from sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
US5660903A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1997-08-26 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
NZ255666A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1997-04-24 | Khashoggi E Ind | Food/drink containers formed from a hydraulically settable binder, water and a rheology-modifying agent |
US5709827A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1998-01-20 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Methods for manufacturing articles having a starch-bound cellular matrix |
US5508072A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1996-04-16 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
US5679145A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-10-21 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Starch-based compositions having uniformly dispersed fibers used to manufacture high strength articles having a fiber-reinforced, starch-bound cellular matrix |
US5851634A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1998-12-22 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Hinges for highly inorganically filled composite materials |
US5631097A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1997-05-20 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Laminate insulation barriers having a cementitious structural matrix and methods for their manufacture |
US5453310A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1995-09-26 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Cementitious materials for use in packaging containers and their methods of manufacture |
US5660900A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-08-26 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Inorganically filled, starch-bound compositions for manufacturing containers and other articles having a thermodynamically controlled cellular matrix |
US5662731A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-09-02 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Compositions for manufacturing fiber-reinforced, starch-bound articles having a foamed cellular matrix |
US5582670A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1996-12-10 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Methods for the manufacture of sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
US5830305A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1998-11-03 | E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc | Methods of molding articles having an inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
US5800647A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1998-09-01 | E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc | Methods for manufacturing articles from sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
US5830548A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1998-11-03 | E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc | Articles of manufacture and methods for manufacturing laminate structures including inorganically filled sheets |
US5658603A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1997-08-19 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Systems for molding articles having an inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
US5928741A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1999-07-27 | E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc | Laminated articles of manufacture fashioned from sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
US5545450A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1996-08-13 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Molded articles having an inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
US5641584A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1997-06-24 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Highly insulative cementitious matrices and methods for their manufacture |
US5683772A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-11-04 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Articles having a starch-bound cellular matrix reinforced with uniformly dispersed fibers |
DK169728B1 (da) | 1993-02-02 | 1995-01-23 | Stein Gaasland | Fremgangsmåde til frigørelse af cellulosebaserede fibre fra hinanden i vand og støbemasse til plastisk formning af celluloseholdige fiberprodukter |
US5738921A (en) | 1993-08-10 | 1998-04-14 | E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc | Compositions and methods for manufacturing sealable, liquid-tight containers comprising an inorganically filled matrix |
CA2122168A1 (en) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-06-17 | David P. Hultman | Polymer-reinforced paper having improved cross-direction tear |
US6238789B1 (en) | 1994-03-22 | 2001-05-29 | Omnova Solutions Inc. | Breathable wallcovering |
US5624532A (en) * | 1995-02-15 | 1997-04-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for enhancing the bulk softness of tissue paper and product therefrom |
DE60235691D1 (de) * | 2001-04-11 | 2010-04-29 | Int Paper Co | Papierartikel mit langzeit-lagerfähigkeit |
MX2007000195A (es) * | 2004-07-06 | 2007-06-15 | Thilmany Llc | Cubierta de papel aislante que contiene un antimicotico o fungicida y metodos de fabricacion y uso de la misma. |
AU2006213665B2 (en) * | 2005-02-11 | 2011-03-10 | International Paper Company | Paper substrates useful in wallboard tape applications |
MX2007011271A (es) * | 2005-03-16 | 2007-11-07 | Int Paper Co | Substratos de papel utiles en aplicaciones de cinta para pladur. |
WO2010148156A1 (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2010-12-23 | International Paper Company | Anti-microbial paper substrates useful in wallboard tape applications |
US11111174B2 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2021-09-07 | United States Gypsum Company | Mineral fiber roof cover boards |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1995623A (en) * | 1932-01-20 | 1935-03-26 | Brown Co | Manufacture of impregnated articles |
US2773114A (en) * | 1954-08-31 | 1956-12-04 | Us Rubber Co | Battery separator and method of making same |
US2801937A (en) * | 1955-01-07 | 1957-08-06 | Congoleum Nairn Inc | Felt product and process |
US2898313A (en) * | 1956-08-10 | 1959-08-04 | Upson Co | Process of dimensionally stabilizing cellulose, composition used therefor, and article produced |
FR1250132A (fr) * | 1959-02-24 | 1961-01-06 | Armstrong Cork Co | Perfectionnements apportés aux dispersions aqueuses de liants organiques pour enduction de fibres de papeterie ou analogues, et aux procédés pour l'enduction de telles fibres |
US3884685A (en) * | 1970-12-16 | 1975-05-20 | Xerox Corp | Low density paper used in transfer electrophotography |
DE2523670B2 (de) * | 1975-05-28 | 1978-11-02 | Feldmuehle Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf | Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Herstellen und gleichzeitigem Beschichten von Spanplatten, die mit mindestens einer Decklage aus kunstharzgetränktem Papier belegt sind |
JPS52107308A (en) * | 1976-03-04 | 1977-09-08 | Kuraray Co | Treatment of paper |
GR65316B (en) * | 1978-06-20 | 1980-08-02 | Arjomari Prioux | Method for the preparation of fibrous leaf |
JPS5525324A (en) * | 1978-08-11 | 1980-02-23 | Nippon Oils & Fats Co Ltd | Method of improving quality of material of fiber material |
ATE4231T1 (de) * | 1979-05-04 | 1983-08-15 | Rockwool Aktiebolaget | Traegermaterial. |
US4230746A (en) * | 1979-09-24 | 1980-10-28 | Gaf Corporation | Foaming composition for textile finishing and coatings |
DE3015733C2 (de) * | 1980-04-24 | 1982-07-01 | Beiersdorf Ag, 2000 Hamburg | Verfahren zur Herstellung imprägnierter glatter oder gekreppter Papiere in einem Arbeitsgang auf der Papiermaschine und deren Verwendung als Trägermaterial für druckempfindliche Klebstoffschichten |
US4319956A (en) * | 1980-06-16 | 1982-03-16 | The Dexter Corporation | Nonwoven web material for medical towels and the like |
JPS5993728A (ja) * | 1982-11-22 | 1984-05-30 | Dick Hercules Kk | 紙塗工用樹脂の製造方法 |
-
1985
- 1985-01-18 FR FR8500745A patent/FR2576333B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-01-15 AT AT86400072T patent/ATE41685T1/de active
- 1986-01-15 EP EP86400072A patent/EP0190069B1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-01-15 DE DE8686400072T patent/DE3662541D1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-01-16 US US06/819,349 patent/US4710422A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-01-17 FI FI860221A patent/FI80743C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-01-17 CA CA000499809A patent/CA1255457A/en not_active Expired
- 1986-01-17 BR BR8600190A patent/BR8600190A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-01-18 JP JP61008821A patent/JPS61215798A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI860221A0 (fi) | 1986-01-17 |
FR2576333B1 (fr) | 1987-09-25 |
EP0190069A1 (de) | 1986-08-06 |
JPS61215798A (ja) | 1986-09-25 |
BR8600190A (pt) | 1986-09-30 |
FR2576333A1 (fr) | 1986-07-25 |
US4710422A (en) | 1987-12-01 |
FI80743C (fi) | 1990-07-10 |
CA1255457A (en) | 1989-06-13 |
DE3662541D1 (en) | 1989-04-27 |
ATE41685T1 (de) | 1989-04-15 |
FI860221A (fi) | 1986-07-19 |
FI80743B (fi) | 1990-03-30 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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