EP0189714B1 - Vorrichtung zum Verbessern der Qualität des von einem pneumatischen Einspritzsystem gelieferten Gemisches - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Verbessern der Qualität des von einem pneumatischen Einspritzsystem gelieferten Gemisches Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0189714B1
EP0189714B1 EP85402627A EP85402627A EP0189714B1 EP 0189714 B1 EP0189714 B1 EP 0189714B1 EP 85402627 A EP85402627 A EP 85402627A EP 85402627 A EP85402627 A EP 85402627A EP 0189714 B1 EP0189714 B1 EP 0189714B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
prechamber
injection
nozzle
sleeve
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85402627A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0189714A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Trapy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Original Assignee
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Publication date
Application filed by Automobiles Peugeot SA, Automobiles Citroen SA, IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN filed Critical Automobiles Peugeot SA
Publication of EP0189714A1 publication Critical patent/EP0189714A1/de
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Publication of EP0189714B1 publication Critical patent/EP0189714B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/08—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by the fuel being carried by compressed air into main stream of combustion-air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M67/00—Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type
    • F02M67/02—Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device intended to improve the quality of the fuel mixture delivered by a pneumatic injection system, supplying an alternative internal combustion engine.
  • Direct or indirect injection of liquid fuel overcomes the harmful effects of poor distribution between cylinders and exhaust losses, and facilitates fuel metering.
  • a third process is still little or not used in reciprocating engines, it is pneumatic injection. This process combines the advantages of direct or indirect liquid injection, and those of carburetion. Indeed, the fluid mixture introduced is already a partially prepared fuel mixture, its distribution can be independent for each cylinder, and triggered so as to minimize losses to the exhaust.
  • the proposed invention relates to the arrangement of a pneumatic injector by means of a nozzle intended to improve the air-fuel mixture injected.
  • the present invention relates to a device for improving the quality of the fuel mixture delivered by a pneumatic injection system supplying a reciprocating internal combustion engine, said pneumatic injection system comprising a member for injecting the liquid fuel opening into a injection prechamber.
  • This device notably comprises at least two means for speeding up the fuel mixture, the first of which comprises an injection nozzle disposed in said injection prechamber, said injection nozzle comprising an outlet edge and being supplied with liquid fuel by said fuel injection member.
  • said injection nozzle comprises a sleeve open at both ends and having a throttle in its internal passage, this sleeve being inserted into the prechamber, leaving a space between its outer surface and the wall of the prechamber and includes the outlet edge at its outlet end, a current gas and at least one jet of liquid fuel from said injection member opening into the interior passage of the sleeve, the gas flow also passing outside the sleeve, and a member having the general shape of a tulip, this member being disposed at the outlet of the prechamber near the outlet end of the sleeve and forms a first annular orifice with the outlet end of the sleeve and, downstream of this first orifice, a second annular orifice with the outlet of the prechamber at less during the period of injection of the mixture, one of these orifices forming the second means of speeding up the fuel mixture, said prechamber communicating with the combustion chamber of the engine.
  • the injection nozzle may be arranged coaxially with said prechamber.
  • the injection nozzle may be integral with the walls of said prechamber and present, substantially at the level of its neck, at least one lateral orifice into which opens at least one liquid fuel injection member.
  • Said member having a general tulip shape may correspond to an injection valve closing and opening the outlet of the prechamber, and the second annular orifice can be formed with the outlet of the prechamber during the period of injection of the mixture.
  • the second speed setting means may comprise a fixed member having a tulip-shaped end leaving a permanent opening, this member comprising a rod passing through the nozzle.
  • the injection prechamber may be connected to a source of pressurized forced air.
  • the second speed setting means may comprise a maximum passage section of the fuel mixture of between 20% and 80% of the passage section of the total passage section of said chamber.
  • the fuel injection member can be positioned in the prechamber so as to produce a jet towards the internal surfaces of the nozzle.
  • the reference 1 designates the combustion chamber of an alternative internal combustion engine, the cylinder head 2 of which has an injection orifice 3 making an injection prechamber 4 communicate with the chamber 1.
  • FIG. 1 represents the schematic section of an embodiment of a pneumatic injector equipped with a nozzle substantially improving the spraying of the fuel, and the qualities of homogeneity of the injected mixture.
  • This nozzle is referenced 5, and it is inserted into the prechamber 4, closed by the injection valve 6, and into which there opens an inlet 7 of gas containing oxygen, such as air, as well as one or more several liquid fuel injectors, referenced 8.
  • the reference 12 designates the outlet edge of the nozzle.
  • the nozzle constitutes a first means of speeding up the gases constituting the fuel mixture. Second means for speeding up these gases can be produced by the edge 12 of the nozzle outlet and by the valve 6 or by this same valve 6 and the seat 13 of this valve.
  • the movements of the valve can be caused by conventional or other control members, and this valve controls by its opening the actual injection, by establishing an air flow through the prechamber 4 and the nozzle 5, which sprays the fuel. and drives it outside the injector.
  • Liquid fuel may be introduced into the prechamber during the opening of the valve, or even before this opening, the prechamber, then acting as a reserve.
  • the air jet was blown by a system other than that of the valve, or if the fuel was metered and introduced into the prechamber by another device than commercial injectors .
  • the injection nozzle 5 is substantially coaxial with the prechamber 4 and is arranged so as to be substantially closed at the same time as the orifice 3 by the valve 6.
  • FIG. 2 represents an embodiment comprising a fixed member 10 having the general shape of a tulip and associated with the nozzle 5 which is integral with its rod 11.
  • This member is mounted so as to leave the injection orifice 3 permanently open, the alternative injection process being ensured by a flow of air pulsed under pressure through the pipe 7.
  • This embodiment is particularly well suited for an indirect injection system. It can be housed in the cylinder head or elsewhere, for example in the intake manifolds.
  • the injection orifice can serve as a second means of speeding up the fuel mixture.
  • these second means may be formed by the passage defined by the outlet edge 12 of the nozzle 5 and the tulip 10.
  • This embodiment makes it possible in particular to dispense with an injection valve control system. It is however necessary to provide means 16 to prevent the reflux of the gases during the combustion phases. This can be achieved by using a non-return valve.
  • the device described above makes it possible to inject good quality fuel mixture at high frequencies (greater than 100 Hz), and this for very small upstream-downstream pressure differences, down to at 0.1 bar.
  • the maximum opening of the injection orifice 3 also constitutes an important parameter, since it regulates the speed of the air flow, and it has been found that the results were satisfactory when the passage section of this opening is between 20% and 80% of the straight section of total passage of the injection prechamber. It has also been discovered that the nozzle allows much greater latitude in determining the timing of the injection of liquid fuel into the prechamber.
  • the outlet edge 12 of the nozzle is swept by a flow of air passing inside the nozzle (Arrows 14 in FIG. 2) and by a flow of air passing through the outside of the nozzle (Arrows 15 in Figure 2). It is also important that the injection member (s) 8 direct the fuel jets onto the internal walls of the nozzle.
  • Figure 3 is shown a type of nozzle which has brought substantial improvements to the quality of the injected mixture.
  • This nozzle is characterized in that its portion on the side of the gas outlet is evacuated over a certain length and that the outlet diameter is larger than the inlet diameter.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show, by way of comparison, iso-consumption maps of an engine powered by pneumatic direct injection, with (Fig. 4) and without (Fig. 5) injection nozzle.
  • Consumption is expressed in grams per horse per hour, the correspondence between the references and the consumption is as follows: AREA REFERENCE CONSUMPTION RANGE IN GRAM BY HORSE AND BY HOUR C1 less than 190 C2 between 190 and 200 C3 between 200 and 210 C4 between 210 and 220 C5 between 220 and 250 C6 between 250 and 300 C7 more than 300.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 shows the clear improvement brought by the use of the nozzle 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Verbessern der Qualität des vergasten Gemisches, das ein pneumatisches eine Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine speisendes System liefert, wobei das pneumatische Einspritzsystem ein Einspritzorgan für den flüssigen Brennstoff umfaßt, das in eine Einspritzvorkammer mündet, welche mit der Verbrennungskammer des Motors in Verbindung steht, mit wenigstens zwei Beschleunigungsmitteln für das vergaste Gemisch, deren ersteres eine Einspritzdüse (5) umfaßt, die in der Einspritzvorkammer (4) angeordnet ist, wobei diese Einspritzdüse einen an seinen beiden Enden offenen Stutzen umfaßt, der in seinem Innendurchgang eine Drosselung aufweist, wobei der Stutzen in die Vorkammer derart eingesetzt ist, daß ein Raum zwischen seiner Außenfläche und der Wandung der Vorkammer belassen ist und daß er eine Austrittskante (12) an seinem Austrittsende aufweist, wobei ein Gasstrom sowie wenigstens ein Strahl flüssigen Brennstoffs aus diesem Einspritzorgan in den inneren Durchlaß des Stutzens mündet und der Gasstrom auch außerhalb des Stutzens passiert, gekennzeichnet durch ein Element von im allgemeinen Tulpengestalt, wobei das Element am Austritt aus der Vorkammer nahe des Austrittsendes des Stutzens angeordnet ist und eine erste ringförmige Öffnung mit dem Austrittsende des Stutzens und in Strömungsrichtung hinter dieser ersten Öffnung eine zweite Ringöffnung mit dem Austritt der Vorkammer wenigstens während der Einspritzperiode des Gemisches bildet, wobei eine dieser Öffnungen das zweite Beschleunigungsmittel für das vergaste Gemisch bildet.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einspritzdüse koaxial zu dieser Vorkammer (4) angeordnet ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Einspritzdüse (5) fest mit den Wandungen dieser Vorkammer (4) ist und im wesentlichen in Höhe ihrer Engstelle wenigstens eine seitliche Öffnung (5) aufweist, in die wenigstens ein Einspritzorgan (8) für flüssigen Kraftstoff mündet.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieses allgemein Tulpengestalt aufweisende Element einem Einspritzventil (6) entspricht, welches den Austritt aus der Vorkammer öffnet und schließt, und die zweite Ringöffnung mit dem Austritt der Vorkammer während der Einspritzperiode des Gemisches gebildet wird.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Element von der allgemeinen Tulpengestalt ein festes Element ist, dessen Ende (10) von Tulpenform eine dauernde Öffnung bestehen läßt, wobei dieses Element eine durch die Düse gehende Stange umfaßt und daß diese Einspritzvorkammer (4) mit einer unter Druck stehenden pulsierenden Luftquelle verbunden ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese zweiten Beschleunigungsmittel einen maximalen Durchgangsquerschnitt des vergasten Gemisches zwischen 20 und 80 % des Durchgangsgesamtquerschnittes dieser Kammer haben.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieses Kraftstoffeinspritzelement in dieser Vorkammer derart positioniert ist, daß ein Strahl in Richtung auf die Innenflächen dieser Düse erzeugt wird.
EP85402627A 1984-12-28 1985-12-24 Vorrichtung zum Verbessern der Qualität des von einem pneumatischen Einspritzsystem gelieferten Gemisches Expired - Lifetime EP0189714B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8420057 1984-12-28
FR8420057A FR2575521B1 (fr) 1984-12-28 1984-12-28 Dispositif pour ameliorer la qualite du melange carbure delivre par un systeme d'injection pneumatique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0189714A1 EP0189714A1 (de) 1986-08-06
EP0189714B1 true EP0189714B1 (de) 1992-01-29

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EP85402627A Expired - Lifetime EP0189714B1 (de) 1984-12-28 1985-12-24 Vorrichtung zum Verbessern der Qualität des von einem pneumatischen Einspritzsystem gelieferten Gemisches

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US (1) US4703740A (de)
EP (1) EP0189714B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0660611B2 (de)
DE (1) DE3585320D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2575521B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2617240B1 (fr) * 1987-06-26 1992-10-02 Inst Francais Du Petrole Dispositif et methode d'introduction sous pression de melange carbure dans le cylindre d'un moteur
FR2623854B1 (fr) * 1987-11-27 1992-11-27 Inst Francais Du Petrole Dispositif d'injection pneumatique de carburant dans un cylindre d'un moteur a combustion interne
JPH02221649A (ja) * 1989-02-22 1990-09-04 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd 燃料噴射装置
JPH03121262A (ja) * 1989-10-02 1991-05-23 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd 空気燃料噴射式２サイクルエンジン
JP2761422B2 (ja) * 1990-01-10 1998-06-04 三信工業株式会社 燃料噴射式エンジン
FR2678319A1 (fr) * 1991-06-25 1992-12-31 Inst Francais Du Petrole Systeme d'aide a la pulverisation d'un melange carbure dans une chambre de combustion et application du systeme a un moteur a combustion interne.
US5216990A (en) * 1991-08-02 1993-06-08 Rolf Moosmann Glow plug for internal combustion diesel engine

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE359399C (de) * 1922-09-22 Franz Maedler Arbeitsverfahren fuer Verpuffungsmaschinen
DE2014140A1 (de) * 1969-03-27 1970-10-08 Marolla, Sergio, Mailand (Italien) Einrichtung zum Regulieren des Luftstromes in Vergasern, insbesondere in Vergasern von Explosionsmotoren, u. dgl.

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR313652A (de) * 1900-01-01
US943684A (en) * 1906-07-07 1909-12-21 American Oil Engine Company Vaporizer for internal-combustion engines.
FR563174A (fr) * 1922-05-17 1923-11-28 Injecteur-pulvérisateur-vaporisateur de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne
US1520772A (en) * 1923-04-26 1924-12-30 Ricardo Harry Ralph Internal-combustion engine
FR669767A (fr) * 1929-02-16 1929-11-20 Dispositifs pour alimenter en mélange explosif les moteurs à combustion interne
US2030247A (en) * 1933-02-23 1936-02-11 Gen Motors Corp Oil engine
FR1037550A (fr) * 1950-05-31 1953-09-17 Daimler Benz Ag Procédé pour l'injection de carburant au moyen d'air comprimé
AU5098373A (en) * 1972-04-17 1974-07-11 Ford Motor Company Of Canada, Limited System and method for supplying airto a fuel-injected internal combustion engine
US3996906A (en) * 1975-04-24 1976-12-14 General Motors Corporation Controlled exhaust gas fuel atomizing nozzle
US4159703A (en) * 1976-12-10 1979-07-03 The Bendix Corporation Air assisted fuel atomizer
JPS55109732A (en) * 1979-02-14 1980-08-23 Hitachi Ltd Electronic engine controlling system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE359399C (de) * 1922-09-22 Franz Maedler Arbeitsverfahren fuer Verpuffungsmaschinen
DE2014140A1 (de) * 1969-03-27 1970-10-08 Marolla, Sergio, Mailand (Italien) Einrichtung zum Regulieren des Luftstromes in Vergasern, insbesondere in Vergasern von Explosionsmotoren, u. dgl.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0189714A1 (de) 1986-08-06
JPH0660611B2 (ja) 1994-08-10
FR2575521B1 (fr) 1989-04-07
JPS61268864A (ja) 1986-11-28
US4703740A (en) 1987-11-03
DE3585320D1 (de) 1992-03-12
FR2575521A1 (fr) 1986-07-04

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BE409746A (de)

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