EP0189708B1 - Gaswassererhitzer - Google Patents

Gaswassererhitzer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0189708B1
EP0189708B1 EP85402597A EP85402597A EP0189708B1 EP 0189708 B1 EP0189708 B1 EP 0189708B1 EP 85402597 A EP85402597 A EP 85402597A EP 85402597 A EP85402597 A EP 85402597A EP 0189708 B1 EP0189708 B1 EP 0189708B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
jacket
exchanger
peripheral
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85402597A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0189708A1 (de
Inventor
Jacques Giraud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT85402597T priority Critical patent/ATE56087T1/de
Publication of EP0189708A1 publication Critical patent/EP0189708A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0189708B1 publication Critical patent/EP0189708B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0015—Guiding means in water channels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hot water generators heated by gas, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a hot water generator of this type is described in GB-A-154,476.
  • the invention also aims to avoid condensation in such a boiler in the chimney or combustion chamber which directly overcomes the burner.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to ensure, in the heat exchange circuit between the hot gases and the water, a circulation accelerated by the phenomenon of the thermo-siphon and to improve the heat exchange by one or several superheaters in which circulation is ensured, independently of the overall circulation of water in the generator, by said phenomenon of thermo-siphon.
  • FR-A-414 223 describes a solid fuel boiler with, in the hot gas flow, exchangers each consisting of a vertical tube with closed lower end in which is mounted a second axial tube open at its two ends, the upper ends of the two tubes being in communication with the water chamber to have circulation by thermo-siphon with the descent of the relatively cold water by the axial tube and the rise of the water heated by the peripheral jacket.
  • FR-A-1 095 505 describes a high pressure steam or hot water boiler, comprising two exchangers, a double jacket with tubes arranged in the chimney to improve the heat exchange between the combustion gases and the water. cold arriving in this envelope, as well as a superheater constituted by a balloon placed in the chimney to which the hot water arrives from the top of the envelope and leaves it by a tube towards the use.
  • the boiler described in this document which runs on coal, does not allow the superheater to be connected so as to avoid the water vaporizer.
  • the first exchanger element constitutes a cylindrical boiler which surrounds the central vertical chimney and is subdivided by walls in concentric cylindrical chambers communicating alternately at their high and low points, the arrival of the water to be heated or heated taking place in the peripheral chamber and the departure of hot water at the high point of the most central chamber.
  • the mass of water filling the boiler constituted by itself the insulation, the largest part of the volume and the coldest being in contact with the outer wall.
  • the walls other than that delimiting the central chimney which is in direct contact with the flame remain at very low temperatures and they can be made of inexpensive materials such as plastics.
  • the outlet of the second exchanger element (s) is connected to the high point of the second chamber from the chamber formed by the water jacket in contact with the wall from the chimney of the first exchanger to ensure its mixing with water at medium temperature, the mixture remaining thermally insulated from the outside by the peripheral water jackets.
  • the reference 1 designates the burner and the reference 2 the chimney which surmounts the burner and in which the hot gases G circulate in the direction of the double arrows.
  • a superheater designated by the general reference 3 which is constituted by a peripheral cylindrical tube 4 closed at its two ends and by a central tube 5 whose lower end is open.
  • the chimney 2 is doubled by a tubular wall 6 so as to form in contact with the chimney 2 a concentric chamber forming a water jacket 7.
  • the boiler is delimited by a peripheral cylindrical casing 8 closed at its two ends and the internal volume is subdivided therefrom, in addition by the tubular wall 6, by other concentric tubular walls 9 and 10 so as to form water jackets in concentric chambers 11, 12 and 13.
  • the tubular wall 6 is interrupted at a certain distance from the bottom of the peripheral cylindrical envelope 8 to provide a lower passage 14 between chambers 11 and 7
  • the concentric tubular wall 9 is interrupted at a certain distance from the upper wall of the peripheral cylindrical casing 8 to provide an upper passage 15 between the concentric chambers 11 and 12
  • the concentric tubular wall 10 is interrupted at a certain distance from the bottom of the envelope to spare an inferior passage 16 between the concentric chambers 13 and 12.
  • the central tube 5 of the superheater 3 is connected at its upper part by one or more tubes 17 with the high point of the central water jacket 7 while the high point of the peripheral water jacket 18 of the superheater 3 produced between the tube 4 and the central tube 5 is connected, by one or more tubes 19, with the upper part of the concentric chamber 11.
  • the water to be heated arrives by the tube 20 connected to the upper part of the concentric chamber 13 and the drawing is carried out by a tube 21.
  • the water circulation is materialized by arrows with simple point E.
  • the water arrives via the tube 20 substantially at ambient temperature and descends into the concentric chamber 13 at low speed given the large section of this chamber. It then passes through the passage 16 and rises in the concentric chamber 12, passes at the top of the latter by the passage 15 and descends in the concentric chamber 11 while heating by heat exchange through the tubular wall 6 and also by injection of '' a current of hot water from the superheater as explained below.
  • the water passes into the water jacket 7 through the lower passage 14 and circulates in the latter in the upward direction under the effect of the water withdrawal by the drawing tube 21 and the thermo-siphon phenomenon which arises in the water jacket 7 and in the superheater 3.
  • the water column located in the water jacket 7 heats up by direct exchange with the hot gases through the wall of the chimney 2 and the part of the ascending current which is not drawn off by the drawing-off tube. 21 is discharged through the tube or tubes 17 into the central tube 5 of the superheater 3.
  • This stream of water descends into the central tube 5 of the superheater and passes at the lower end of this tube in the peripheral water jacket 18 of the superheater where it is intensively heated by direct exchange through the wall 4, which results in an acceleration of the flow rate resulting from the thermo-siphon phenomenon and this flow rate is returned by the tube or tubes 19 to the top of the concentric chamber 11.
  • thermo-siphon phenomenon which arises intensely in the water jacket 7 and 18 an internal circulation of hot water which is independent of the flow rate.
  • This circulation is ascending in the jacket 7, passes through the tubes 17, is descending in the central tube 5 of the superheater and ascending in the water jacket 18, passes through the tubes 19 and is descending in the concentric jacket 11 where the circulating volume mixes with a flow coming from the concentric chamber 12 equal to the drawing flow.
  • FIG. 2 the same references have been used to designate the elements equivalent to those of FIG. 1.
  • the essential difference lies in the fact that the generator is in a closed circuit, the hot water circuit of the generator being enclosed in a tank. constituted by a wall 22 surrounded by a thermal insulation layer 23, the sanitary water arriving via a pipe 24 which is preferably extended, as illustrated in phantom in Figure 2 in 24 ', to the bottom of the reserve and being taken off through a pipe 25.
  • the concentric chambers 11, 12 and 13 which are embedded in the volume of water in the balloon each consist of two cylindrical walls 25 crimped welded at their two ends.
  • the tubular wall 6 is also welded at its two ends to the outer surface of the wall defining the chimney 2, the passages 14, 15, 16 at the successively high and low points between the concentric chambers are produced by tubes 27 distributed around the periphery .
  • the circulation in the water circuit constituted by the water jacket 7 and the concentric chambers 11, 12 and 13 is done only under the effect of the phenomenon of thermo-siphon in the water jacket 7 and it is done the inner jacket towards the outer chamber with return from the bottom of the peripheral concentric chamber 13 to the bottom of the water jacket 7 by the tubes 27.
  • thermo-siphon phenomenon The upward flow in the water jacket 7 which results solely from the thermo-siphon phenomenon is distributed between a pumped flow, as illustrated by arrow 28, at the top of the concentric chamber 11 and a flow by the tube 17 towards the central tube 5 of the superheater, flow which is induced by the phenomenon of thermo-siphon in said superheater , this flow being reinjected by the tube 19 with the flow discharged according to arrow 28 to ensure circulation in the concentric chambers 11, 12 and 13.
  • the invention ensures natural circulation in the exchange circuit with a speed in said circuit, all the more reduced as the difference in temperatures between the water of the generator and the water to be heated is reduced which promotes heat exchange.
  • the concentric chambers 11, 12 and 13 and their connection tubes could be replaced by a coil connecting the tubes 19 and 27 taking advantage of the circulation induced by the water jacket 7 and the superheater 3 but the speed d flow would be constant throughout the exchange circuit which would remove the above advantage of a flow velocity in contact with the walls the lower the difference in temperature of the liquids participating in the exchange is smaller.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Ein Gaswassererhitzer mit verikalem Kamin (2), worin die heißen Gase aufsteigend zirkulieren, während die Wand (2) dieses Kamins einen peripheren Wassermantel (7) begrenzt, der einen Teil eines Wasserkreislaufs eines ersten Austauschers, der den vertikalen Kamin umgibt, bildet, und wenigstens ein zweites Austauscherelement (3), bestehend aus einem axialen Rohr (5) und einem peripheren Mantel (18), vertikal in diesem Kamin (2) montiert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes zweite Austauscherelement (3) einen Überhitzer für das bereits im ersten Austauscher erhitzte Wasser bildet, wobei der Wasserzufluß zu diesem bzw. diesen zweiten Austauscherelementen, ausgehend vom Scheitelpunkt des peripheren Wassermantels (7) des ersten Austauschers beim Kontakt mit dem Mantel (2) über das axiale Rohr (5) für die Aufwärtszirkulation dieses zweiten Austauscherelements zum Auslauf erfolgt und vom Scheitelpunkt des peripheren Mantels (18) dieses zweiten Austauscherelements zu einem Zwischenpunkt (19) des Wasser-Innenkreislaufs des Erhitzers vonstatten geht, und worin das Wasser zirkuliert und gleichzeitig von der Peripherie zur Mitte hin geleitet wird, während das zu erhitzende Wasser in direktem Kontakt mit der Wand (2) des Mantels am Tiefpunkt (14) in diesen peripheren Mantel (7) eintritt, um am hochliegenden Punkt des genannten Mantels abgeleitet zu werden.
2. Ein Gaswassererhitzer nach Anspruch 1 mit offenem Kreislauf und einem Wassereintritt (20) und einem Wasseraustritt (21), die an den Kessel angeschlossen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Austauscher einen zylindrischen Kessel (8) bildet, der den mittleren vertikalen Kamin (2) umgibt und durch Wände (6, 9, 10) in konzentrischezylindrische Kammern (7,11,12,13) unterteilt ist, die an den hochliegenden bzw. tiefliegenden Punkten (14,15,16) abwechselnd kommunizieren, während der Eintritt (20) des zu erhitzenden oder zu überhitzenden Wassers in der peripheren Kammer (13) vonstatten geht und der Austritt (21) des Heißwassers am hochliegenden Punkt der zentralsten Kammer (7) abläuft.
3. Ein Wassererhitzer nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Austritt (19) aus dem bzw. den zweiten Austauscherelementen mit dem hochliegenden Punkt der zweiten Kammer (11) verbunden ist, ausgehend von der Kammer, die durch den Wassermantel in Kontakt mit der Wand des Kamins des ersten Austauschers gebildet wird, um die Vermischung mit dem Wasser mittlerer Temperatur sicherzustellen, wobei die Vermischung thermisch nach außen durch die peripheren Wassermäntel (12-13) isoliert bleibt.
EP85402597A 1984-12-26 1985-12-23 Gaswassererhitzer Expired - Lifetime EP0189708B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85402597T ATE56087T1 (de) 1984-12-26 1985-12-23 Gaswassererhitzer.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8419826 1984-12-26
FR8419826A FR2575274B1 (fr) 1984-12-26 1984-12-26 Generateur d'eau chaude a gaz avec surchauffeur et circulation par thermo-siphon

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0189708A1 EP0189708A1 (de) 1986-08-06
EP0189708B1 true EP0189708B1 (de) 1990-08-29

Family

ID=9310980

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85402597A Expired - Lifetime EP0189708B1 (de) 1984-12-26 1985-12-23 Gaswassererhitzer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0189708B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE56087T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3579442D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2575274B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2751735B1 (fr) * 1996-07-29 1998-09-18 Deville Sa Chaudiere de chauffage central a bruleur fioul

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR965609A (de) * 1950-09-16
FR414223A (fr) * 1910-03-30 1910-08-29 Leon Nanquette Chaudière pour chauffage à vapeur ou à eau chaude
GB154476A (en) * 1920-01-10 1920-12-02 Henry Chalk Webb Improvements in and connected with single tank apparatus for heating water
US1754102A (en) * 1927-03-09 1930-04-08 Samuel B Harding Boiler
GB321044A (en) * 1928-10-12 1929-10-31 Albert Archie Stow Improvements in geysers and other heaters for liquid
FR826477A (fr) * 1937-09-09 1938-03-31 Chauffe-eau à accumulation, chauffé au mazout
FR1095505A (fr) * 1953-12-08 1955-06-03 Chaudière haute pression à vapeur ou eau chaude
US4397297A (en) * 1981-03-11 1983-08-09 Wie Chwang T Water heater heat reclaimer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE56087T1 (de) 1990-09-15
EP0189708A1 (de) 1986-08-06
FR2575274A1 (fr) 1986-06-27
FR2575274B1 (fr) 1989-06-16
DE3579442D1 (de) 1990-10-04

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