EP0187663A2 - Détecteur de particules - Google Patents

Détecteur de particules Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0187663A2
EP0187663A2 EP86100156A EP86100156A EP0187663A2 EP 0187663 A2 EP0187663 A2 EP 0187663A2 EP 86100156 A EP86100156 A EP 86100156A EP 86100156 A EP86100156 A EP 86100156A EP 0187663 A2 EP0187663 A2 EP 0187663A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipe means
pipe
particle detector
aperture
detector according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86100156A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0187663B1 (fr
EP0187663A3 (en
Inventor
Katsuyuki C/O Osaka Works Kogo
Shinji C/O Osaka Works Miyasaka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Publication of EP0187663A2 publication Critical patent/EP0187663A2/fr
Publication of EP0187663A3 publication Critical patent/EP0187663A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0187663B1 publication Critical patent/EP0187663B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/1031—Investigating individual particles by measuring electrical or magnetic effects
    • G01N15/12—Investigating individual particles by measuring electrical or magnetic effects by observing changes in resistance or impedance across apertures when traversed by individual particles, e.g. by using the Coulter principle
    • G01N15/131—Details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a particle detector for use in detection and measurement of the number of fine particle such as cells.
  • a blood cell counter is a typical particle counter using the electric conductivity measurement. A summary of the particle counter of the electric conductivity type will be explained hereinafter.
  • the particle counter of this type comprises two liquid tanks coupled together through the fine aperture and a pair of electrodes sank in the liquid in the liquid tanks.
  • the current of the pair of electrodes is measured applying suitable constant DC current or the voltage across the pair of electrodes is measured applying suitable constant DC current to the electrodes while the liquid flows from the first tank to the second tank through the aperture.
  • the impedance between the pair of electrodes changes every time the particles such as cells pass through the aperture since the impedance depends on the particles present interior of and near the aperture, so that the voltage or current measured across the electrodes is changed in a pulsed manner. Therefore, by counting the number of the pulse or measuring the amplitude of the pulse, the number of or the size of the particles can be measured.
  • the method mentioned above is suitable for measuring the number and density of the particles, it is impossible to isolate every particle and to divide the particles since the particles are discharged external of the tank through a long discharge tube acting as the part of the great capacity tank after the aperture.
  • An essential object of the present invention is to provide a particle detector which is able to isolate and/or divide the particles easily.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a particle detector which is able to reduce the diameter of the pipes for flowing the liquid so that the control of the flow of liquid is easy.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a particle detector which is effective to prevent corrosion of the pipes, thereby to enable correct particle measurement.
  • a particle detector which comprises a pair of pipe means for feeding liquid to be tested, means for coupling said pipe means through an aperture provided in the coupling means to communicate the liquid from one of the pipe means to another pipe means, means for applying voltage or current to the liquid present both sides of said aperture, said applying means being disposed on the pipe means or outside of the pipe means, and means for detecting change of the voltage or current occurring across the liquid present in both sides of the aperture.
  • the applying means which are the electrodes to apply voltage or current to the liquid containing particles are not placed inside the pipe means, so that the diameter of the pipe means can be reduced, thereby enabling to make the isolate or divide the flow of the particles easy.
  • a pair of pipes 1 and 2 made of electrical conductive material such as stainless steel are coupled together through a coupling unit 3 made of electrical insulating material. Both of the pipes 1 and 2 are detachably inserted in ports 31 having relatively large diameters. The ports 31 are continued to an aperture 4 through tapered portions 32 and the pipes 1 and 2 are communicated together through the aperture 4. The end portions of the pipes 1 and 2 are passed through connecting screws 5 which are engaged and screwed in connecting holes 33 respectively so that when the connecting screws 5 are fastened, each of sealing rings 6 fitted to the pipes 1 and 2 are clamped between the stepped face 34 of the coupling unit 3 and the end face 35 of the fasting screw 5, whereby the pipes 1 and 2 can be detachably fastened to the coupling unit 3 with hydraulically sealed.
  • a particle measurement circuit 7 is connected to the pipes 1 and 2 to apply a DC constant voltage or DC current to the pipes 1 and 2 acting as the electrodes so that the size and number of the particles passing through the aperture can be detected by the operation hereinafter described.
  • the liquid to be measured is supplied to the pipe 1.
  • the liquid containing particles thus applied to the pipe 1 flows to the pipe 2.
  • the particle measuring circuit 7 detects the change of the voltage or current across the pipes 1 and 2 every time the particles pass the aperture 4 one by one. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, only one particle can pass the aperture by reducing the diameter of the aperture up to near the particle size.
  • the pipes 1 and 2 act as electrodes, there is no need to provide any discrete electrodes in the device.
  • the absence of the electrode inside the pipe enables to suppress occurrence of turbulence of flow of the liquid in the pipes 1 and 2.
  • the absence of the electrode inside the pipes 1 and 2 enables to reduce the diameter of the pipe i.e., pipes of small diameter can be used whereby the quantity of the liquid flowing in the pipes 1 and 2 can be easily defined, therefore, the isolation and/or division of the liquid can be easily and correctly controlled.
  • the pipes 1 and 2 are coupled directly to the aperture in a body, the device can be made compact.
  • the pipes 1 and 2 may be formed in such a manner that only the parts of the pipes near the aperture 4 are made of electrical conductive materials and the other parts of the pipes are made of insulation materials. Also, the pipes per se may be made insulation materials with the inner cylindrical surface of the pipes coated with an electrical conductive layer.
  • the pipes 1 and 2 may be made of silver with the inner cylindrical surface thereof formed of silver chloride and the liquid contains chloride ion so that oxidation and reduction occur reversibly under substantially same potential in the silver/silver chloride electrodes, thereby enabling to prevent the polarization.
  • a detecting circuit 8 for detecting the voltage applied to the pipes 1 and 2.
  • the detecting circuit 8 outputs a control signal to change over the polarity of the pipes 1 and 2 in response to the voltage across the pipes 1 and 2.
  • a switch circuit 7a is provided in the measurement circuit 7. The operation of the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 is explained hereinafter with reference to the flow chart of Fig. 3.
  • the application of the power to the pipes 1 and 2 is turned off.
  • the off state of the power is informed from the measurement circuit 7 to the detection circuit 8 in the step S 2.
  • the detecting circuit 8 sends the reception of the off state of the power to the measurement circuit 7 in the step S 3 and effects to measure the voltage across the pipes 1 and 2. It is detected in the step S 4 whether the potential V1 of the pipe 1 is higher than the potential V2 of the pipe 2. In case the potential V1 of the pipe 1 is higher than the potential V2 of the pipe 2, the program flow goes to the step S 5, wherein the detecting circuit 8 outputs the control signal to make the pipe 1 negative polarity and the pipe 2 positive polarity to the measurement circuit 7.
  • the program flow goes to the step S 6, wherein the detecting circuit 8 outputs the control signals to make the pipe 1 positive polarity and the pipe 2 negative polarity.
  • the program flow goes to the step S 7 , wherein the measurement circuit 7 controls the switch circuit 7a to supply the power to the pipes 1 and 2 as defined by the control signal obtained in any one of the steps S 5 and S 6 so as to change over the polarity applied to the pipes 1 and 2. Also the measurement circuit 7 sends the acknowledge of reception of the control signal to the detecting circuit 8. Then the measurement circuit 7 applies the power to the pipes 1 and 2. Changing over the polarity of the pipes 1 and 2 as mentioned above enables to prevent consumption of the silver chloride at only one side of the pipes 1 or 2.
  • FIG. 4 showing another modification of the particle detecting device according to the present invention in which air bubbles occurring at the pipes 1 and 2 or electrodes can be collected to prevent the air bubbles from entering in the liquid.
  • a pair of cavities 10 are formed on both outer portions of the aperture 4 in the coupling unit 3 in a cylindrical shape coaxial with the aperture 4.
  • a pair of partition rings 11 made of porous material are respectively disposed in the cavities 10 aligned with the pipes 1 and 2 so as to separate the path of the liquid flowing the pipes 1 and 2 and the aperture from electrolyte 16 contained in the cavities 10.
  • a pair of electrodes 14 and 15 are soaked in the electrolyte 16 and the electrodes 14 and 15 are connected with the measurement circuit 7 to receive the DC voltage or current.
  • the pipes 1 and 2 may be made of electrical insulating material with a suitable corrosion resistance materials such as plastic resin.
  • the partition rings 11 may be made of tight ceramic, bore glass or bore filter having holes of 50 to 1000 A diameter so as to prevent to pass the particles but the electrical conduction by the ions can be obtained.
  • the particle measurement can be performed by counting the number of pulses of the current or voltage occurring on the electrodes 14 and 15 in a similar manner as performed in the embodiments already described.
  • the internal diameter of the pipes 1 and 2 is 0.5 to 1 mm .
  • the diameter of the aperture 4 may be 100 um.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
EP86100156A 1985-01-08 1986-01-08 Détecteur de particules Expired EP0187663B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1931/85 1985-01-08
JP60001931A JPS61160038A (ja) 1985-01-08 1985-01-08 粒子検出器

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0187663A2 true EP0187663A2 (fr) 1986-07-16
EP0187663A3 EP0187663A3 (en) 1987-10-14
EP0187663B1 EP0187663B1 (fr) 1991-01-16

Family

ID=11515349

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86100156A Expired EP0187663B1 (fr) 1985-01-08 1986-01-08 Détecteur de particules

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4891575A (fr)
EP (1) EP0187663B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61160038A (fr)
DE (1) DE3676828D1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0275409A2 (fr) * 1986-05-28 1988-07-27 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Analyseur de particules et système pour son utilisation
EP0488509A2 (fr) * 1990-11-30 1992-06-03 Toa Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Détecteur de particules, appareil pour détecter des particules et procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un détecteur de particules
US6624621B2 (en) * 2000-04-03 2003-09-23 Howard L. North, Jr. Particle counter volume sensor
WO2013052890A3 (fr) * 2011-10-06 2013-06-20 The Regents Of The University Of California Dispositifs pour détection de particule dans un échantillon et procédés d'utilisation de ceux-ci
US11579073B2 (en) 2017-02-07 2023-02-14 Nodexus Inc. Microfluidic system with combined electrical and optical detection for high accuracy particle sorting and methods thereof

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63184035A (ja) * 1986-05-28 1988-07-29 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 粒子単離分注器
USRE36074E (en) * 1990-11-30 1999-02-02 Toa Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Particle detector and particle detecting apparatus having the detector
US5441049A (en) * 1992-12-28 1995-08-15 Automata Medical Instrumentation, Inc. Conductivity meter
JP3276550B2 (ja) * 1995-12-19 2002-04-22 シスメックス株式会社 試料定量装置
US5907240A (en) * 1997-05-12 1999-05-25 Cdc Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for cell differentiation by measuring apparent cell size, membrane integrity and intracellular complexity
US6175227B1 (en) * 1997-07-03 2001-01-16 Coulter International Corp. Potential-sensing method and apparatus for sensing and characterizing particles by the Coulter principle
EP1257811A2 (fr) * 2000-02-16 2002-11-20 Kaiku Limited Methode pour separer un constituant d'un melange de fluides
EP1316792B1 (fr) * 2001-11-30 2009-09-16 Sysmex Corporation Analyseur de particules
JP5944118B2 (ja) * 2011-07-06 2016-07-05 シャープ株式会社 粒子測定装置
JP2013015497A (ja) * 2011-07-06 2013-01-24 Sharp Corp 粒子測定装置
WO2015151226A1 (fr) * 2014-04-01 2015-10-08 株式会社日立製作所 Dispositif d'analyse de particules et procédé d'analyse de particules
JP6258145B2 (ja) * 2014-07-18 2018-01-10 株式会社東芝 微粒子検査システム及びその駆動方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3783376A (en) * 1972-06-21 1974-01-01 Becton Dickinson Co Particle counter having removable aperture slide
US3868498A (en) * 1972-03-29 1975-02-25 Contraves Ag Method and apparatus for determining errors during counting of particles
DE2812470A1 (de) * 1977-09-15 1979-03-22 Becton Dickinson Co Verfahren und vorrichtung zur genauen zaehlung von blutkoerperchen o.dgl.
DE2855371A1 (de) * 1978-12-21 1980-07-03 Cortex Res Corp Geraet und verfahren zum zaehlen von teilchen

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3281348A (en) * 1963-12-23 1966-10-25 Union Carbide Corp Reference cell for monitoring a liquid stream
US3855098A (en) * 1970-08-19 1974-12-17 Foxboro Co Ion-responsive electrode construction
CH539855A (de) * 1971-11-12 1973-07-31 Contraves Ag Leitfähigkeits-Messzelle einer Zähleinrichtung für in einer Flüssigkeit suspendierte Teilchen
US3958177A (en) * 1974-12-17 1976-05-18 Sherwood Medical Industries Inc. Particle analyzing device with changeable aperture means
US4157499A (en) * 1977-09-15 1979-06-05 Becton, Dickinson And Company Blood cell counter having dual testing heads
US4180091A (en) * 1977-11-18 1979-12-25 Becton, Dickinson And Company Purging means for aperture of blood cell counter
EP0059726B1 (fr) * 1980-09-12 1987-03-11 The Commonwealth Of Australia Mesure de la purete de l'eau
US4484134A (en) * 1981-08-31 1984-11-20 Coulter Electrnonics, Inc. Elongate particle sensing aperture

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3868498A (en) * 1972-03-29 1975-02-25 Contraves Ag Method and apparatus for determining errors during counting of particles
US3783376A (en) * 1972-06-21 1974-01-01 Becton Dickinson Co Particle counter having removable aperture slide
DE2812470A1 (de) * 1977-09-15 1979-03-22 Becton Dickinson Co Verfahren und vorrichtung zur genauen zaehlung von blutkoerperchen o.dgl.
DE2855371A1 (de) * 1978-12-21 1980-07-03 Cortex Res Corp Geraet und verfahren zum zaehlen von teilchen

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0275409A2 (fr) * 1986-05-28 1988-07-27 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Analyseur de particules et système pour son utilisation
EP0275409A3 (en) * 1986-05-28 1990-01-31 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Particle analyzer and a system utilizing the same
EP0488509A2 (fr) * 1990-11-30 1992-06-03 Toa Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Détecteur de particules, appareil pour détecter des particules et procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un détecteur de particules
EP0488509A3 (en) * 1990-11-30 1993-01-27 Toa Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Particle detector and particle detecting apparatus
US6624621B2 (en) * 2000-04-03 2003-09-23 Howard L. North, Jr. Particle counter volume sensor
WO2013052890A3 (fr) * 2011-10-06 2013-06-20 The Regents Of The University Of California Dispositifs pour détection de particule dans un échantillon et procédés d'utilisation de ceux-ci
US9201043B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2015-12-01 The Regents Of The University Of California Devices for detecting a particle in a sample and methods for use thereof
US9719991B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2017-08-01 The Regents Of The University Of California Devices for detecting a particle in a sample and methods for use thereof
US11579073B2 (en) 2017-02-07 2023-02-14 Nodexus Inc. Microfluidic system with combined electrical and optical detection for high accuracy particle sorting and methods thereof
US11674884B2 (en) 2017-02-07 2023-06-13 Nodexus Inc. Microfluidic system with combined electrical and optical detection for high accuracy particle sorting and methods thereof
US11686665B2 (en) 2017-02-07 2023-06-27 Nodexus Inc. Microfluidic system with combined electrical and optical detection for high accuracy particle sorting and methods thereof
US11733152B2 (en) 2017-02-07 2023-08-22 Nodexus Inc. Microfluidic system with combined electrical and optical detection for high accuracy particle sorting and methods thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61160038A (ja) 1986-07-19
US4891575A (en) 1990-01-02
EP0187663B1 (fr) 1991-01-16
JPH0354781B2 (fr) 1991-08-21
EP0187663A3 (en) 1987-10-14
DE3676828D1 (de) 1991-02-21

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