EP0187212B1 - Antriebsaggregat zum aussenluftunabhängigen Verbrennen von Treibstoffkombinationen - Google Patents

Antriebsaggregat zum aussenluftunabhängigen Verbrennen von Treibstoffkombinationen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0187212B1
EP0187212B1 EP85113754A EP85113754A EP0187212B1 EP 0187212 B1 EP0187212 B1 EP 0187212B1 EP 85113754 A EP85113754 A EP 85113754A EP 85113754 A EP85113754 A EP 85113754A EP 0187212 B1 EP0187212 B1 EP 0187212B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reaction
drive unit
oxidizer
reaction chamber
alkali metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85113754A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0187212A1 (de
Inventor
Claus Cohrt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Erno Raumfahrttechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Erno Raumfahrttechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Erno Raumfahrttechnik GmbH filed Critical Erno Raumfahrttechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0187212A1 publication Critical patent/EP0187212A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0187212B1 publication Critical patent/EP0187212B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
    • F01K3/188—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters using heat from a specified chemical reaction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B19/00—Marine torpedoes, e.g. launched by surface vessels or submarines; Sea mines having self-propulsion means
    • F42B19/12—Propulsion specially adapted for torpedoes
    • F42B19/14—Propulsion specially adapted for torpedoes by compressed-gas motors
    • F42B19/20—Propulsion specially adapted for torpedoes by compressed-gas motors characterised by the composition of propulsive gas; Manufacture or heating thereof in torpedoes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drive unit for combustion of fuel combinations independent of outside air, in particular for underwater use.
  • DE-A 2459556 shows a drive for underwater vehicles with a drive turbine which is driven by the energy released in the catalytic decomposition of hydrazine or a hydrazine / water mixture.
  • this drive which is preferably designed for torpedoes, is able to achieve appropriate drive power for sufficient operating times or ranges of a torpedo, but the operation of such a drive does not guarantee freedom from bubbles. Since the absence of bubbles is a necessary prerequisite for the successful use of torpedoes, it is proposed to pump non-water-soluble gases back into the hydrazine container by means of a compressor.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a drive unit for use independent of outside air with easily conveyable fuel components and gas-free reaction products during operation. This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the measure according to the invention results in an easily controllable drive unit without gaseous reaction products.
  • the water addition of the oxidizer triggers a hypergolic ignition with a fuel component in the reaction chamber, so that the thermal energy released due to this reaction releases the oxygen of the (per) chlorates for a reaction with the other fuel components.
  • This course of the reaction involves binding the carbon dioxide from the reaction of the hydrocarbons with the oxygen formed via alkali metal hydroxide also formed, with the formation of solid and water-soluble alkali metal carbonate, which can be removed without gas.
  • the reaction chamber can be operated at a pressure above the critical pressure of the carbon dioxide and additionally cooled by the working medium of the power process and / or the ambient water.
  • Such a procedure has the result that carbon dioxide, which may occur in gaseous form, liquefies and therefore comes into extremely close contact with the alkali metal hydroxide carried in the combustion water.
  • the drive unit consists of a reaction chamber 1, the cooling system of which includes an evaporator zone, a superheater and a preheating zone for the working medium of the downstream converter process 2.
  • the fuel necessary for the operation of the drive unit is stored in a fuel tank 3 and is fed to the reaction chamber 1 via a feed pump 4.
  • the same applies to the oxidizer which is stored in an oxidizer tank 5 and reaches the reaction chamber 1 via a temperature controller 6 and a feed pump 7. If necessary, water can also be pumped into the oxidizer tank 5 via a water pump 8.
  • the reaction products formed in the reaction between the fuel and the oxidizer in the reaction chamber 1 are discharged via a heat exchanger 9 and possibly a pump 10.
  • the fuel pump 4 conveys the fuel, consisting for example of a mixture of hydrocarbons and metal compounds, for example alkali metal hydrides in pasty form, into the reaction chamber 1 with a mass flow rate adapted to the converter process 2 , where the water addition of the oxidizer supplied via the feed pump 7 triggers a hypergolic ignition. Since fuel and oxidizer are liquid, both components of this fuel combination can be easily conveyed and metered accordingly to control the downstream converter process 2.
  • the hypergolic ignition of the fuel combination offers the possibility of interrupting the reaction in the reaction chamber and re-igniting, so that the drive unit also has an additional control option in this regard.
  • reaction in the reaction chamber takes place as follows in the case of a hydrocarbon / alkali metal hydride fuel mixture and aqueous metal (per) chlorate solution as oxidizer:
  • Equations 1 to 4 show that the final reaction products are solid or liquid and thus the demand for a reaction without gaseous reaction products.
  • the reaction chamber 1 can also be operated at a pressure above the critical pressure of the carbon dioxide and additionally cooled by ambient water. In this way, the optionally gaseous carbon dioxide can be liquefied and come into intensive contact with the solid and water-soluble alkali metal hydroxide.
  • the hydrocarbon / alkali metal hydride / oxidizer mixing ratio is selected during operation so that excess gas fractions (oxygen, hydrogen, carbon oxides or hydrocarbon compounds) do not result in the reaction in reaction chamber 1.
  • the course of the reaction in the reaction chamber 1 requires longer dwell times for the reactants, for example several minutes, which guarantees the stability of the reaction products via the intensive cooling of the reaction mixture to ambient temperature. Therefore, thermal dissociations cannot occur.
  • reaction chamber in such a way that reaction products formed during the reaction remain in the reaction chamber either in solid and / or dissolved form. After a drive mission has ended, it is possible to wash out the reaction chamber 1, that is to say to make it ready for use again. Another possibility is to pump the reaction products that arise during operation back into the fuel tanks, in particular for volume compensation of the used fuel components.
  • the oxidizer When the drive unit is operating, the oxidizer can be prepared for delivery into the reaction chamber by supplying water via the water pump 8 and can also be maintained during operation.
  • the concentration of the oxidizer is controlled during operation by the temperature control at the outlet of the oxidizer tank 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
EP85113754A 1984-12-01 1985-10-29 Antriebsaggregat zum aussenluftunabhängigen Verbrennen von Treibstoffkombinationen Expired EP0187212B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843443984 DE3443984A1 (de) 1984-12-01 1984-12-01 Antriebsaggregat zum aussenluftunabhaengigen verbrennen von treibstoffkombinationen
DE3443984 1984-12-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0187212A1 EP0187212A1 (de) 1986-07-16
EP0187212B1 true EP0187212B1 (de) 1988-06-01

Family

ID=6251733

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85113754A Expired EP0187212B1 (de) 1984-12-01 1985-10-29 Antriebsaggregat zum aussenluftunabhängigen Verbrennen von Treibstoffkombinationen

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4663933A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0187212B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3443984A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4023738C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1990-07-26 1991-09-26 Erno Raumfahrttechnik Gmbh, 2800 Bremen, De

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3737722C1 (en) * 1987-11-06 1988-11-10 Erno Raumfahrttechnik Gmbh Appliance for energy generation

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3388554A (en) * 1959-11-02 1968-06-18 Solid Fuels Corp Organic fusible solid fuel binders and stabilizers and method of extruding and burning
US3486332A (en) * 1961-10-12 1969-12-30 Trw Inc Power plant
US3705495A (en) * 1963-01-21 1972-12-12 Texaco Experiment Inc Fuel systems and oxidizers
US4090895A (en) * 1966-01-13 1978-05-23 Thiokol Corporation High energy fuel slurry
US4214439A (en) * 1966-05-13 1980-07-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Multi component propulsion system and method
GB1159209A (en) * 1966-11-21 1969-07-23 Trw Inc Improvements in or relating to Oxidant and Propellant Systems
US3577289A (en) * 1968-02-12 1971-05-04 Jacque C Morrell Composite high energy solid rocket propellants and process for same
DE2459556A1 (de) * 1974-12-17 1980-08-21 Erno Raumfahrttechnik Gmbh Verfahren zum blasenfreien antrieb von unterwasserfahrzeugen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4023738C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1990-07-26 1991-09-26 Erno Raumfahrttechnik Gmbh, 2800 Bremen, De

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4663933A (en) 1987-05-12
EP0187212A1 (de) 1986-07-16
DE3443984C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-01-18
DE3443984A1 (de) 1986-06-12

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