Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
  • F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
  • F28G1/12—Fluid-propelled scrapers, bullets, or like solid bodies
  • F28G1/125—Fluid-propelled scrapers, bullets, or like solid bodies forced back and forth by means of flow reversal

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for improving the quality of tubular heat exchangers, such as surface condensers, inter alia, by lowering their flow losses, the heat exchanger having a plurality of tubes through which a medium flows and each of these tubes having a cleaning body, the inner jacket of which cleans discontinuously, in particular in the form of a brush , is assigned, so how this cleaning body is conveyed from the medium in accordance with its alternating flow direction in the tube and can be collected at the end of the relevant flowed tube in collecting sleeves attached to these ends, as well as each collecting sleeve at one end has a connecting body for its connection to the end of the respective tube and at its other end has holding means for limiting the conveying path of the cleaning body, and in which device the connecting body and the holding means are each provided on an annular collar, and the annular collars among one another via at least three, and in particular concentrically arranged to the longitudinal central axis of the collecting sleeve and an annular cage forming struts are
• the cleaning of the pipes can be carried out by means of balls or brushes during the operation of the heat exchanger.
• the flow of the medium is deflected at predetermined intervals, so that the brushes are moved from one end of the pipes to the other. This reciprocating movement of the brushes cleans each tube very intensively from its own brush.
• a cleaning system was developed and introduced in heat exchangers of such heat engines, which is formed by a cleaning body in the form of a brush.
• a collecting cage is provided at both ends of a respective cooling tube of the heat exchanger, into which the cleaning body is floated by the respective flow of the medium.
• the cleaning body remains held in this collecting cage until the flow of the medium has been diverted by a changeover valve, in order then to pass from this collecting cage, passing the cooling pipe, to the other collecting cage at the other end of the cooling pipe.
• the switching intervals can be set individually and can be long or short and essentially depend on the degree of contamination of the coolant or the cooling pipes.
• the cleaning body itself which is designed as a brush, has a clamping body for the bristles of the brush and two caps delimiting the ends of this clamping body, each of which is preferably conical with a streamlined shield.
• the respective cap has such a shape that it has a smaller diameter than the inner tube on its base facing the clamping body, so that an annular gap remains between the jacket of this base and the inner jacket of the cooling tube.
• This annular gap allows part of the medium, ie the coolant, to pass through, so that the walls of the respective cooling tube to be cleaned do not only remain sufficiently wetted when they are gripped by the bristles of the brush for the purpose of cleaning them.
• the coolant flowing past the annular gap is from the bristles the brush entrains any dirt that has been scraped off, thus removing it in front of the brush.
• the brush does not run up against the scraped-off dirt and does not have to push it in front of it, as is the case when cleaning with balls.
• the object of the invention is to further develop this device in such a way that the flow resistance is considerably reduced, the energy consumption of the pumps, in particular on the coolant side, is reduced and yet the Temperature transition between the heat exchanging media is increased.
• this object is achieved in a device of the type mentioned at the outset in that the annular collar having the holding means is arranged obliquely to the longitudinal central axis of the collecting sleeve and is connected to struts of this sleeve of different lengths.
• the heat exchange systems can be operated more quietly, and they remain quiet for the cooling capacity even with large amounts of water, which is of considerable importance especially when the device is used in the hearing area of people. It has also been found that when the measures according to the invention are used, the minimum cooling water flow required for the function of brush cleaning can also be reduced, as a result of which the power requirement of the cooling water pumps is also reduced. Due to the inventive design of the device, and here in particular by the inclined inclination of the collar which carries the holding means for the brush body, it is possible to position the collecting sleeves at the ends of the cooling tubes in such a way that the largest possible inlet or outlet cross sections remain open.
• FIG. 1 An only indicated heat exchanger with a plurality of cooling tubes arranged therein, only a few of which are drawn out and the supply and discharge lines together with the switchover fitting for the cooling medium,
• FIG. 2 is a side view of a collecting sleeve according to the invention with a cleaning body indicated by dash-dotted lines shortly before it reaches its rest position,
• FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the collecting sleeve according to FIG. 2,
• FIG. 4 is a view rotated by 90 ° of the collecting sleeve according to FIG. 2,
• FIG. 5 shows a section in the plane V-V through the collecting sleeve according to FIG. 4,
• Fig. 8 is a plan view of a tube sheet with some attached tubes or collecting sleeves, the outflow cross-section per tube or sleeve is indicated by hatching.
• the device which is designed according to the invention as a collecting cage 1 and which serves to improve the quality of tubular heat exchangers 2 and reduce the flow losses of such heat exchangers for heat engines, not shown in the drawing, such as steam turbines, air conditioning units, cooling machines and the like, is illustrated schematically using the example of a indicated tube heat exchanger shown and explained.
• the individual cooling tubes 3 are arranged with the smallest possible distance from one another. This forces the devices, ie the collecting cages 1 for the cleaning bodies 4 at the pipe ends 5 of the cooling pipes 3, to be arranged as closely as possible in order to obtain heat exchangers 2 of a compact design.
• These bundles of rings 6, 7 are in turn connected to one another by means of a series of webs 8, 9 which are arranged on the circumference of the collecting cage 1.
• the webs 8, 9, of which at least three can in turn be assigned to each collecting cage 1, are arranged concentrically around the longitudinal central axis X of the collecting cage.
• the heat exchanger 2 itself is known to be provided with a multiplicity of cooling tubes 3, and these tubes are rolled with their tube ends 5 into tube sheets 10, 11 or otherwise fastened there. Via supply and discharge lines 12, 13, these cooling tubes 3 are supplied with a medium flowing through them, for example cooling water. These supply and discharge lines 12, 13 of the heat exchanger 2 are connected to a special line system outside the same, which also allows an interval connection and change of the flow direction of the medium to be conducted through these cooling pipes 3.
• a control element 14 which is preferably designed as a four-way valve, which directs the flow according to its setting (H or X) on the one hand in the solid representation of arrow 15 through the individual cooling tubes 3, for another in the dashed representation of another arrow 16 steers so that the cooling tubes are flowed through alternately, ie in alternating flow direction, by the medium.
• the individual cooling tube 3, which are bordered in the so-called base plates, ie tube sheets 10, 11, of the heat exchanger 2 have the collecting cages 1 at their tube ends 5, and these collecting cages are firmly connected to these tube ends and are designed such that they the cleaning body 4, in the form of a brush, take accordingly.
• the cleaning body 4 which consists essentially of a clamping body 17 for the bordering of bristles 18 and two caps 19, 20 provided at the ends of this clamping body, is detected by this medium in accordance with the direction of flow of the medium to be conducted through the cooling tubes 3 and by the respective cooling pipe changed and thus floated from one pipe end 5 to the other pipe end. -Anal og the conveying direction of this cleaning body 4, this is picked up at the respective pipe end 5 of the collecting cage 1 provided there, the cleaning body being floated into this cage by the medium.
• the cleaning body 4 When the direction of flow of the medium is deflected by the control member 14, the cleaning body 4 is discharged again from this collecting cage 1, in which the cleaning body was during its rest phase, and conveyed to the other tube end 5, where it is again picked up by the collecting cage 1 used there.
• the rest time of the cleaning body 4 in the respective collecting cage 1 is essentially determined by the interval circuit, which is dependent on the degree of contamination of the coolant or the cooling tubes 3 and the flow direction, so that this rest time is canceled when the flow direction of the medium is reversed .
• each collecting cage 1 which holds the holding means 22 for the cleaning body 4 is connected to the webs 8, 9 thereof at an angle to the longitudinal central axis X of this collecting cage.
• the slant 23 of this ring collar 6 is made such that this ring collar is inclined at about 30 °.
• the holding means 22, which are attached to this collar 6, lie on a transverse plane 24 of the collecting cage 1 and here on the inner surface of the collar 6, these holding means being arranged in pairs and symmetrically to the longitudinal central axis X of the collecting cage.
• the holding means 22 themselves can be designed as knobs, which are molded onto the inner surface of the collar 6 when the collecting sleeve 1 is made as a plastic injection-molded part. It is important for the arrangement of the holding means 22 that they are at such a height and the same possible transverse plane 24 that they effectively stop the cap 19 or 20 of the cleaning body 4 and are able to hold this cleaning body in the collecting cage 1.
• F 1 area from the diameter of the collecting cage 1
• F 2 area from the inner diameter of the cooling tube 3
• each collecting cage 1 is inclined at an incline or at an angle of approximately 30 ° to the longitudinal central axis X. Of course, this does not preclude choosing other angles.
• the choice of the angles for the inclined position 23 of the respective ring collar 6 is largely determined by the possible length of the collecting cage 1 and the free spaces 27, 28 of the heat exchanger 2 present behind the respective tube sheet 10 or 11.
• the annular collar 7 facing these ends is provided with notches 32 into which a tool for driving the sleeves or Cages can be put on.
• These notches 32 can preferably be arranged symmetrically to a strut 8 or 9.
• the catch cages 1 seated on the tube ends 5 of the cooling tubes 3 are shown as "X" for the sake of simplicity. Of course, these are also collecting cages 1 as shown in FIGS. 2-7.
• the control element 14 is responsible for redirecting the flow direction of the cooling medium, which in the extended H position directs the incoming flow into the space 28 of the heat exchanger 2, while in the X position this flow leads into the space 27. Analogue to the inflow, the outflow of this cooling medium takes place, which need not be discussed further here.
• the arrows 33 are intended to symbolize the inflow and outflow of the cooling medium.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Cleaning In General (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6238497

Family Applications (1)

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• 1984
  • 1984-06-15 DE DE19843422353 patent/DE3422353A1/de active Granted
• 1985
  • 1985-06-12 ZA ZA854413A patent/ZA854413B/xx unknown
  • 1985-06-13 EP EP85902963A patent/EP0186687A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1985-06-13 JP JP60502791A patent/JPS61503046A/ja active Granted
  • 1985-06-13 WO PCT/DE1985/000203 patent/WO1986000127A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1985-06-13 HU HU853035A patent/HU198334B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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