EP0185357A1 - Method for regulating the voltage of vapour discharge lamps - Google Patents

Method for regulating the voltage of vapour discharge lamps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0185357A1
EP0185357A1 EP19850116092 EP85116092A EP0185357A1 EP 0185357 A1 EP0185357 A1 EP 0185357A1 EP 19850116092 EP19850116092 EP 19850116092 EP 85116092 A EP85116092 A EP 85116092A EP 0185357 A1 EP0185357 A1 EP 0185357A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
voltage
lamp current
lamp
period
nominal
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EP19850116092
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0185357B1 (en
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Volker Dipl.-Ing. Schaft
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/04—Dimming circuit for fluorescent lamps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for regulating the luminous flux of ignited vapor discharge lamps, in particular metal vapor lamps such as mercury vapor lamps.
  • Mercury vapor lamps not only serve as light sources for the lighting of industrial plants, roads and / or sports facilities (floodlights), but are also used as UV lamps in technological processes.
  • UV-reactive inks and varnishes are increasingly used. These paints and varnishes dry extremely quickly when irradiated with UV light and also allow manipulation of the surface quality (e.g. the impression of high-quality special material can be created by printing on poor quality paper and cardboard with UV varnishes).
  • the throughput of the printing material is usually not continuous, so that with the large power consumption of the dryer from approx. 10 kW to several 100 kW considerable amounts of energy can be saved if the radiation sources were switched off during the printing material breaks or at least throttled in the power consumption.
  • the reduction in output during the breaks in the substrate also extends the lifespan of the UV radiation sources.
  • Mercury vapor lamps like all vapor discharge lamps, have the disadvantage that they have to cool each time they are switched off until the entire metal vapor condenses and that an ignition process takes place during switching on, during which the condensed metal evaporates, which can take several minutes. This type of power control is unsuitable because of the considerable inertia. When such radiation sources are operated far below the nominal load range, there is a risk that the arc discharge generating the radiation will collapse due to excessive cooling of the radiation source, which is equivalent in effect to the switching off of the radiation source.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a control method for the operation of steam discharge lamps and thus de luminous flux emitted by these lamps, with which the operation of the radiation source both below the nominal load range and a instantaneous switching from the partial load range to full load is ensured at all times.
  • the lamp current is preferably reduced from the nominal intensity to a value not below 15% of the nominal current, the voltage drop is measured during and after the retraction of the lamp current, and when the constant voltage following the voltage drop period is reached, the lamp current increases the nominal strength is increased while determining the voltage rise and then the lamp current is reduced again when the nominal voltage is reached.
  • the lamp current when the period of constant voltage following the voltage drop occurs, the lamp current is not increased to the nominal intensity, but only until the voltage has risen to a predetermined value, the magnitude of which between the nominal voltage and the Voltage value of the period of constant voltage lies.
  • the lamp current is then controlled so that the predetermined voltage value is maintained during the partial load operation of the lamp.
  • a vapor discharge lamp e.g. B. a mercury vapor lamp
  • current IN and voltage U N are essentially constant quantities in the nominal range. If, in order to reduce the luminous flux output of the lamp, as shown in FIG. 1, the current I to be supplied to the lamp is reduced at time A, which can take place suddenly, the voltage U applied to the lamp poles also gradually decreases. During this process, the lamp cools down so that the vapors of the metallic charge carrier (e.g. mercury) begin to condense when the dew point is reached. With insertion of the metal Vapor condensation changes the voltage U as long as there are no more metal vapors in the lamp chamber and the arc discharge of the lamp is maintained.
  • the metallic charge carrier e.g. mercury

Abstract

Beim Betrieb von gezündeten Dampfentladungslampen im Teillastbereich wird der Lampenstrom von der Nennstarke zurückgenommen, der Spannungsabfall während und nach der Zurücknahme des Lampenstromes gemessen sowie beim Erreichen der sich an den Spannungsabfall anschließenden Periode konstanter Spannung der Lampenstrom bei gleichzeitiger Ermittlung des Spannungsanstieges erhöht. Danach wird der Lampenstrom so gesteuert, daß während des Teillastbetriebes der Lampe der Spannungswert geringfügig über demjenigen der Periode konstanter Spannung liegt.When operating ignited vapor discharge lamps in the partial load range, the lamp current is reduced from the nominal intensity, the voltage drop is measured during and after the lamp current is reduced, and when the period of constant voltage following the voltage drop is reached, the lamp current is increased while determining the voltage rise. The lamp current is then controlled such that the voltage value is slightly above that of the constant voltage period during the partial load operation of the lamp.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Regeln des Lichtstromes von gezündeten Dampfentladungslampen insbesondere Metalldampflampen wie Quecksilberdampflampen.The invention relates to a method for regulating the luminous flux of ignited vapor discharge lamps, in particular metal vapor lamps such as mercury vapor lamps.

Quecksilberdampflampen dienen nicht nur als Lichtquellen bei der Beleuchtung von Industrieanlagen, Straßen und/oder Sportstätten (Flutlichtanlagen), sondern finden bei technologischen Prozessen auch als UV-Strahler Anwendung-So gelangen z. B. in der Druckindustrie UVreaktive Farben und Lacke immer häufiger zum Einsatz. Diese Farben und Lacke trocknen bei Bestahlung mit UV-Licht extrem schnell und erlauben darüber hinaus Manipulationen der Oberflächenqualität (z. B. kann durch Bedrucken minderer Papier- und Kartonqualitäten mit UV-Lacken der Eindruck hochwertigen Spezialmaterials erzeugt werden). Bei der Erstellung der erforderlichen UV-Bestrahlungsanlagen wird von einem kontinuierlichen Fluß des Bedruckstoffes durch die UV-Trockenstrecke ausgegangen. Der Durchlauf des Bedruckstoffes ist in der Regel nicht kontinuierlich, so daß bei der großen Leistungsaufnahme der Trockner von ca. 10 kW bis zu mehreren 100 kW beachtliche Energiemengen eingespart werden können, wenn die Strahlungsquellen in den Bedruckstoffpausen abgeschaltet oder wenigstens in der Leistungsaufnahme gedrosselt würden. Durch die Leistungsabsenkung in den Bedruckstoffpausen wird außerdem die Lebensdauer der UV-Strahlungsquellen verlängert.Mercury vapor lamps not only serve as light sources for the lighting of industrial plants, roads and / or sports facilities (floodlights), but are also used as UV lamps in technological processes. B. in the printing industry UV-reactive inks and varnishes are increasingly used. These paints and varnishes dry extremely quickly when irradiated with UV light and also allow manipulation of the surface quality (e.g. the impression of high-quality special material can be created by printing on poor quality paper and cardboard with UV varnishes). In the preparation of of the required UV radiation systems, it is assumed that the printing material will flow continuously through the UV drying section. The throughput of the printing material is usually not continuous, so that with the large power consumption of the dryer from approx. 10 kW to several 100 kW considerable amounts of energy can be saved if the radiation sources were switched off during the printing material breaks or at least throttled in the power consumption. The reduction in output during the breaks in the substrate also extends the lifespan of the UV radiation sources.

Quecksilberdampflampen haben wie sämtliche Dampfentladungslampen den Nachteil, daß sie nach jedem Ausschalten so weit abkühlen müssen, bis der gesamte Metalldampf kondensiert ist, und daß beim Einschalten ein Zündvorgang stattfindet, während dem das kondensierte Metall verdampft, was mehrere Minuten dauern kann. Diese Art der Leistungsregelung ist wegen der erheblichen Trägheit ungeeignet. Beim Betrieb derartiger Strahlungsquellen weit unterhalb des Nennlastbereiches besteht die Gefahr, daß wegen zu starker Abkühlung der Strahlungsquelle die die Strahlung erzeugende Bogenentladung zusammenbricht, was in den Auswirkungen gleichbedeutend mit dem Abschalten der Strahlungsquelle ist.Mercury vapor lamps, like all vapor discharge lamps, have the disadvantage that they have to cool each time they are switched off until the entire metal vapor condenses and that an ignition process takes place during switching on, during which the condensed metal evaporates, which can take several minutes. This type of power control is unsuitable because of the considerable inertia. When such radiation sources are operated far below the nominal load range, there is a risk that the arc discharge generating the radiation will collapse due to excessive cooling of the radiation source, which is equivalent in effect to the switching off of the radiation source.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es nun, ein Regelverfahren für den Betrieb von Dampfentladungslampen und damit de von diesen Lampen ausgesandten Lichtstromes zu schaffen, mit dem der Betrieb der Strahlungsquelle sowohl unterhalb des Nennlastbereiches als auch ein verzögerungsloses Umschalten derselben aus dem Teillastbereich auf Voll-Last jederzeit sichergestellt ist.The object of the invention is to provide a control method for the operation of steam discharge lamps and thus de luminous flux emitted by these lamps, with which the operation of the radiation source both below the nominal load range and a instantaneous switching from the partial load range to full load is ensured at all times.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst daß der Lampenstrom von der Nennstärke vorzugsweise auf einen Wert nicht unterhalb von 15 % des Nennstromes verringert, der Spannungsabfall während und nach der Zurücknahme des Lempenstromes gemessen sowie beim Erreichen der sich an den Spannungsabfall anschließenden Periode konstanter Spannung der Lampenstrom auf die Nennstärke bei gleichzeitiger Ermittlung des Spannungsanstieges erhöht und danach beim Erreichen der Nennspannung der Lampenstrom wieder zurückgenommen wird.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the lamp current is preferably reduced from the nominal intensity to a value not below 15% of the nominal current, the voltage drop is measured during and after the retraction of the lamp current, and when the constant voltage following the voltage drop period is reached, the lamp current increases the nominal strength is increased while determining the voltage rise and then the lamp current is reduced again when the nominal voltage is reached.

Durch dieses Verfahren nach der Erfindung wird erreicht, daß sofort mit dem Einsetzen der Kondensation der verdampften Ladungsträger als Folge der Abkühlung der gering belasteten Lampe dieselbe vor dem Zusammenbrechen der Bogenentladung wieder aufgeheizt wird. Dabei ändert sich der von der Lampe aufgenommene Strom wegen Fortbestehens der Bogenentladung ohne Zeitverzug, d. h. trägheitslos.By this method according to the invention it is achieved that immediately with the onset the condensation of the vaporized charge carriers as a result of the cooling of the lightly loaded lamp, the lamp is heated again before the arc discharge collapses. The current consumed by the lamp changes without delay due to the persistence of the arc discharge, ie without inertia.

Bei einem anderen erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird der Lampenstrom beim Erreichen der sich an den Spannungsabfall anschließenden Periode konstanter Spannung nicht auf die Nennstärke, sondern nur so weit und so lange erhöht, bis die Spannung auf einen vorbestimmten Wert angestiegen ist, dessen Größe zwischen der Nennspannung und dem Spannungswert der Periode konstanter Spannung liegt. Danach wird der Lampenstrom so gesteuert, daß während des Teillastbetriebes der Lampe der vorbestimmte Spannungswert gehalten wird.In another method according to the invention, when the period of constant voltage following the voltage drop occurs, the lamp current is not increased to the nominal intensity, but only until the voltage has risen to a predetermined value, the magnitude of which between the nominal voltage and the Voltage value of the period of constant voltage lies. The lamp current is then controlled so that the predetermined voltage value is maintained during the partial load operation of the lamp.

Die Erfindung wird noch an Hand von Diagrammen, in denen die Lampenspannung und der Lampenstrom schematisch als Funktion der Zeit dargestellt sind, erläutert.The invention is further explained on the basis of diagrams in which the lamp voltage and the lamp current are shown schematically as a function of time.

Während des Betriebes einer Dampfentladungslampe, z. B. einer Quecksilberdampflampe, deren maximale Stromaufnahme durch ein übliches Vorschaltgerät begrenzt ist, im Nennbereich sind Strom IN und Spannung UN im wesentlichen konstante Größen. Wird nun, um die Lichtstromabgabe der Lampe herabzusetzen, wie es in Fig. 1 gezeigt ist, der der Lampe zuzuführende Strom I zum Zeitpunkt A verringert, was schlagartig erfolgen kann, geht auch die an den Lampenpolen anliegende Spannung U allählich zurück. Während dieses Vorganges kühlt die Lampe ab, so daB die Dämpfe des metallischen Ladungsträgers (z. B. Queckdlber) bei Erreichen des Taupunktes zu kondensieren beginnen. Mit Einsetzen der Metalldampfkondensation verändert sich die Spannung U so lange nicht mehr als noch Metalldämpfe im Lampenraum vorhanden sind und die Bogenentladung der Lampe aufrechterhalten. Mit Beginn dieser Periode konstanter Spannung UK zum Zeitpunkt B wird der Lampenstrom I wieder und ebenfalls schlagartig auf die Nennstärke erhöht. Da zu diesem Zeitpunkt die Bogenentladung der Lampe noch nicht zusammengebrochen ist, nimmt nicht zur die Lampe den Strom sofort auf, sondern es steigt mit zunehmender Lampentemperatur auch die Spannung U wieder auf den Nennwert UNe Falls gewünscht, kann zu diesem Zeitpunkt C ein neuer Regelzyklus durch Zurücknehmen des Lampenstromes I eingeleitet werden.During the operation of a vapor discharge lamp, e.g. B. a mercury vapor lamp, the maximum current consumption is limited by a conventional ballast, current IN and voltage U N are essentially constant quantities in the nominal range. If, in order to reduce the luminous flux output of the lamp, as shown in FIG. 1, the current I to be supplied to the lamp is reduced at time A, which can take place suddenly, the voltage U applied to the lamp poles also gradually decreases. During this process, the lamp cools down so that the vapors of the metallic charge carrier (e.g. mercury) begin to condense when the dew point is reached. With insertion of the metal Vapor condensation changes the voltage U as long as there are no more metal vapors in the lamp chamber and the arc discharge of the lamp is maintained. At the beginning of this period of constant voltage U K at time B, the lamp current I is increased again and also suddenly to the nominal intensity. Since the arc discharge of the lamp has not yet collapsed at this point, the current does not immediately take up for the lamp, but the voltage U rises again to the nominal value U Ne as the lamp temperature increases. If desired, C can start a new control cycle at this point in time be initiated by withdrawing the lamp current I.

Bei dem in Fig. 2 schematisch im Diagramm dargestellten Regelverfahren für den Teillastbetrieb von Damptentladungslampen wird mit dem Einleiten des Teillastbetriebes zum Zeitpunkt A durch Absenken des Lampenstromes I nach Erreichen des Taupunktes, d. h. der Periode konstanter Spannung UK (Zeitpunkt B) der Lampenstrom I nur so weit und so lange erhöht, bis die Spannung auf einen Wert U1 angestiegen ist. Danach (Zeitpunkt C) wird durch gesteuertes Verändern des Lampenstromes I während der Dauer des Teillastbetriebes die Spannung auf dem Wert U1 gehalten.In the control method for the partial-load operation of steam discharge lamps shown schematically in the diagram in FIG. 2, when the partial-load operation is initiated, Time A by lowering the lamp current I after reaching the dew point, ie the period of constant voltage U K (time B), the lamp current I is increased only until the voltage has risen to a value U 1 . Thereafter (time C), the voltage is kept at the value U 1 by controlled change in the lamp current I during the duration of the part-load operation.

Claims (3)

1. Verfahren zum Regeln des Lichtstromes von gezündeten Dampfentladungalampen, insbesondere Metalldampflampen, gekennzeichnet durch a) Verringerung des Lampenstromes (I), b) Messen des Spannungsabfalles während und nach der Verringerung des Lampenstromes (I) sowie Bestimmen der sich an den Spannungsabfall anschließenden Periode konstanter Spannung (UK), c) Erhöhen des Lampenstromes (I) auf die Nennstärke (IN) beim Erreichen der Periode konstanter Spannung (UK), d) Messen des Spannungsanstieges während und nach der Erhöhung des Lampenstromes (I) und Verringerung des Lampenstromes (I) beim Erreichen der Nennspannung (UN) 1. A method for regulating the luminous flux of ignited vapor discharge lamps, in particular metal vapor lamps, characterized by a) reducing the lamp current (I), b) measuring the voltage drop during and after the reduction in the lamp current (I) and determining the period of constant voltage (U K ) following the voltage drop, c) increasing the lamp current (I) to the nominal intensity (IN) when the period of constant voltage (U K ) is reached, d) measuring the voltage rise during and after increasing the lamp current (I) and reducing the lamp current (I) when the nominal voltage (U N ) is reached 2. Verfahren zum Regeln des Lichtstromes von gezündeten Dampfentladungslampen, insbesondere Metalldampflampen, gekennzeichnet durch a) Verringerung des Lampenstromes (I), b) Messen des Spannungsabfalles während und nach der Verringerung des Lampen- stomes (I) sowie Bestimmen der sich an den Spannungsabfall anschließenden Periode konstanter Spannung (UK), c) Erhöhen des Lampenstromes (I) beim Erreichen der Periode konstanter Spannung (UK), d) Messen des Spannungsanstieges während und nach der Erhöhung des Lampenstromes (I) und Verringerung des Lampenstromes (I) beim Erreichen einer Spannung (U1), deren Größe zwischen der Nennspannung (UN) und dem Spannungswert der Periode konstanter Spannung (Ux) liegt, sowie Erhöhen des Lampenstromes, sobald die Spannung (U1) unterschritten wird. 2. A method for regulating the luminous flux of ignited vapor discharge lamps, in particular metal vapor lamps, characterized by a) reducing the lamp current (I), b) measuring the voltage drop during and after the reduction in the lamp current (I) and determining the period of constant voltage (U K ) following the voltage drop, c) increasing the lamp current (I) when the period of constant voltage (U K ) is reached, d) Measuring the voltage rise during and after the increase in the lamp current (I) and decrease in the lamp current (I) when a voltage (U 1 ) is reached, the magnitude of which is between the nominal voltage (U N ) and the voltage value of the period of constant voltage (U x ), and increase the lamp current as soon as the voltage (U 1 ) falls below. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Lampenstrom (I) auf einen Wert nicht unterhalb von 15 % des Nennstromes (IN) verringert wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lamp current (I) is reduced to a value not below 15% of the nominal current (I N ).
EP85116092A 1984-12-18 1985-12-17 Method for regulating the voltage of vapour discharge lamps Expired - Lifetime EP0185357B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3446083 1984-12-18
DE3446083 1984-12-18
DE3505182 1985-02-15
DE3505182A DE3505182C2 (en) 1984-12-18 1985-02-15 Method for regulating the luminous flux of high pressure vapor discharge lamps

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EP0185357A1 true EP0185357A1 (en) 1986-06-25
EP0185357B1 EP0185357B1 (en) 1990-09-05

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EP85116092A Expired - Lifetime EP0185357B1 (en) 1984-12-18 1985-12-17 Method for regulating the voltage of vapour discharge lamps

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EP (1) EP0185357B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3505182C2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2319406A (en) * 1996-11-12 1998-05-20 Uvp Inc Dimming a medium pressure arc lamp; UV lamp standby mode

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2361414A1 (en) * 1973-12-10 1975-06-19 Dieter Geyer Starter for ultra-violet, e.g. mercury vapour lamps - consists of main transformer with ignition tube and inductor
US4162429A (en) * 1977-03-11 1979-07-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Ballast circuit for accurately regulating HID lamp wattage

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3991344A (en) * 1975-03-18 1976-11-09 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Solid-state dimmer for dual high pressure discharge lamps
US3989976A (en) * 1975-10-07 1976-11-02 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Solid-state hid lamp dimmer
US4146819A (en) * 1977-08-29 1979-03-27 Union Carbide Corporation Method for varying voltage in a high intensity discharge mercury lamp
US4507569A (en) * 1983-12-30 1985-03-26 Conservolite, Inc. Electrical control system and driver

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2361414A1 (en) * 1973-12-10 1975-06-19 Dieter Geyer Starter for ultra-violet, e.g. mercury vapour lamps - consists of main transformer with ignition tube and inductor
US4162429A (en) * 1977-03-11 1979-07-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Ballast circuit for accurately regulating HID lamp wattage

Also Published As

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US4733136A (en) 1988-03-22
DE3505182A1 (en) 1986-06-26
EP0185357B1 (en) 1990-09-05
DE3505182C2 (en) 1986-10-16

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