EP0183685A1 - Emulsion of fuel and fuel oil, process for the preparation and utilization thereof - Google Patents

Emulsion of fuel and fuel oil, process for the preparation and utilization thereof

Info

Publication number
EP0183685A1
EP0183685A1 EP19840900962 EP84900962A EP0183685A1 EP 0183685 A1 EP0183685 A1 EP 0183685A1 EP 19840900962 EP19840900962 EP 19840900962 EP 84900962 A EP84900962 A EP 84900962A EP 0183685 A1 EP0183685 A1 EP 0183685A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
emulsifier
emulsion
fuels
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19840900962
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Carl Jakob Disch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AR-CHIMMO SA
Original Assignee
AR-CHIMMO SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AR-CHIMMO SA filed Critical AR-CHIMMO SA
Publication of EP0183685A1 publication Critical patent/EP0183685A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase

Definitions

  • Fuel and heating oil emulsion as well as a process for their preparation and their use.
  • the present invention relates to a fuel and heating oil emulsion for internal combustion engines such as Otto, Wankel and diesel engines, as well.
  • Rotary piston machines and turbines or heating oils for oil firing in addition to a process for their manufacture and their use
  • Swiss patent 252 611 an assembly is described which increases the efficiency of the engine by additionally introducing gasified water with the fuel-air mixture into the combustion chamber.
  • the emulsifiers used hitherto have the disadvantage, among other things, that they have to be cleaned beforehand using salts which result from the use of catalysts. Further disadvantages can be seen in the fact that the emulsions produced are not stable enough, the aqueous phase separating off. It also has demonstrated that the fuel mixture was atomized by the carburetor, resulting in unstable mixtures, so that the hoped-for success did not materialize.
  • GDR patent specification 147 683 in particular discloses that the emulsifier must be cleaned of polyalkylene glycol ethers. A reason for this could not be given.
  • the purpose of the present invention is seen to avoid the separation of a fuel emulsion.
  • the present invention relates to a fuel and heating oil emulsion for internal combustion engines such as Otto, diesel and Wankel engines, as well as rotary piston machines and turbines or heating oils for oil firing systems, together with a process for their production and their use, characterized in that the emulsifier consists of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol polyglycol ether with 12 to 14 carbon atoms.
  • the emulsifier consists of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol polyglycol ether with 12 to 14 carbon atoms.
  • heating oil emulsion produced in this way is excellently suitable for oil firing.
  • the advantages of the fuels according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the hydrocarbons are burned more completely and the combustion temperature is reduced.
  • the emulsified vapor phase causes an increase in pressure in the combustion chamber of the engine, so that there is no need to add lead to the fuel.
  • environmentally hazardous exhaust gases such as (NO) X , CO, hydrocarbons and soot is significantly reduced.
  • Low octane gasoline of 70 octane can now be used without hesitation, which noticeably reduces operating costs.
  • the water content of the diesel engine can be increased by 50% while the output remains the same, whereby the emitted CO value drops by at least 40%, while the Bacharach value drops from the permitted 4 to 0.1 to 0.5.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

Pour la formation d'une émulsion stable de mazout et de carburant pour moteur à combustion interne, on utilise comme émulgateur un polyglycoléther alcool gras éthoxylé renfermant de 12 à 14 atomes de carbone. Pour empêcher la déstabilisation de l'émulsion, on mélange d'abord l'émulgateur avec le carburant puis on ajoute l'eau. L'émulsion ainsi obtenue demeure stable.For the formation of a stable emulsion of fuel oil and fuel for an internal combustion engine, an polyglycolether ethoxylated fatty alcohol containing 12 to 14 carbon atoms is used as the emulsifier. To prevent destabilization of the emulsion, the emulsifier is first mixed with the fuel and then water is added. The emulsion thus obtained remains stable.

Description

Treibstoff- und Heizölemulsion, sowie ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihrer Verwendung. Fuel and heating oil emulsion, as well as a process for their preparation and their use.
Vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Treibstoff- und Heizölemulsion für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen wie Otto-, Wankel- und Dieselmotoren, sowie. Rotationskolbenmaschinen und Turbinen oder Heizöle für Oelfeuerungen nebst einem Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihrer VerwendungThe present invention relates to a fuel and heating oil emulsion for internal combustion engines such as Otto, Wankel and diesel engines, as well. Rotary piston machines and turbines or heating oils for oil firing in addition to a process for their manufacture and their use
Es ist bekannt, Treibstoffen für Otto-, Diesel- und Wankelmotoren, sowie Heizölen Wasser zuzusetzen, um den VerbrennungsVorgang zu verbessern. Durch gesteuerte Zufuhr von zerstäubtem Wasser oder Wasserdampf aus einem separaten Tank oder aus dem Kühler lassen sich verbesserte Verbrennungsvorgänge erzielen. Es ist jedoch zu beachten, dass Verfahren, die dem Benzin-oder Dieselöl- Luftgemisch Wasserdampf oder ein Gemisch von Wasserdampf und mechanisch zerstäubten Wasser zusetzen die Maximalleistung vermindert, dass jedoch die Klopffestigkeit des Ladegemisches um mehrere Oktanzahlen erhöht wird. Günstiger wirkt Wasser, das beim Eintritt in die Zylinder noch vorwiegend in zerstäubtem Zustand vorliegt, sodass dessen. Verdampfungswärme sich günstig auf den Füllungsgrad, die Klopffestigkeit des Ladegemisches, sowie die thermische Belastung des Verbrennungsräumes auswirken kann. Diese Erkenntnisse sind im Bericht Nr. 21 der schweizerischen Gesellschaft für das Studium der Motorbrennstoffe auf den Seiten 15, 16 und 17 des Jahres 1956 dargelegt.It is known to add fuels for gasoline, diesel and Wankel engines, as well as heating oils, water to improve the combustion process. Improved combustion processes can be achieved by controlled supply of atomized water or water vapor from a separate tank or from the cooler. It should be noted, however, that procedures related to petrol or diesel oil Air mixture of water vapor or a mixture of water vapor and mechanically atomized water add to the maximum output, but the knock resistance of the charging mixture is increased by several octane numbers. Water, which is still predominantly atomized when it enters the cylinders, has a more favorable effect. Evaporation heat can have a favorable effect on the degree of filling, the knock resistance of the charging mixture and the thermal load on the combustion chamber. These findings are set out in Report No. 21 of the Swiss Society for the Study of Motor Fuels on pages 15, 16 and 17 of 1956.
Gemäss Schweizerpatent 252 611 wird ein Aggregat beschrieben, das durch zusätzliche Einführung von vergastem Wasser mit dem Brennstoff-Luftgemisch in den Verbrennungsraum den Wirkungsgrad des Motors erhöht.According to Swiss patent 252 611, an assembly is described which increases the efficiency of the engine by additionally introducing gasified water with the fuel-air mixture into the combustion chamber.
In der DDR-Patentschrift 147 683 wird u.a. erwähnt, dass nur gereinigte, nichtionische Emulgatoren, die frei sind von Polyglykolethern und Katalysatorsalzen als Emulgator Verwendung finden können.In the GDR patent specification 147 683, i.a. mentions that only purified, nonionic emulsifiers which are free from polyglycol ethers and catalyst salts can be used as emulsifiers.
Die bis anhin verwendeten Emulgatoren haben u.a. den Nachteil, dass sie vorgängig dem Einsatz von Salzen, die durch die Anwendung von Katalysatoren entstehen, gereinigt werden müssen. Weitere Nachteile sind darin zu erblicken, dass die hergestellten Emulsionen nicht stabil genug sind, wobei sich die wässerige Phase abtrennt. Auch hat es sich gezeigt, dass sich bei der Zerstäubung des Treibstoffgemisches durch den Vergaser unstabile Gemische ergeben, so dass der erhoffte Erfolg ausblieb.The emulsifiers used hitherto have the disadvantage, among other things, that they have to be cleaned beforehand using salts which result from the use of catalysts. Further disadvantages can be seen in the fact that the emulsions produced are not stable enough, the aqueous phase separating off. It also has demonstrated that the fuel mixture was atomized by the carburetor, resulting in unstable mixtures, so that the hoped-for success did not materialize.
Gerade in der DDR-Patentschrift 147 683 wird offenbart, dass der Emulgator von Polyalkylenglykolethern gereinigt werden müsse. Ein Grund hiefür konnte nicht angegeben werden.GDR patent specification 147 683 in particular discloses that the emulsifier must be cleaned of polyalkylene glycol ethers. A reason for this could not be given.
Der Zweck der vorliegenden Erfindung wird darin erblickt, die Trennung einer Treibstoffemulsion zu vermeiden.The purpose of the present invention is seen to avoid the separation of a fuel emulsion.
Ueberraschenderweise konnte festgestellt werden, was nicht ohne weiteres vorausgesetzt werden konnte, dass sich die chemische Verbindung eines aethoxylierten Fettalkoholplyglykolethers mit 12 bis 14 C-Atomen als ein Emulgator erwies, der es ermöglicht, eine Treibstoff-und Heizölemulsion für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen wie Otto-, Dieselund Wankelmotoren, sowie Rotationskolbenmaschinen und Turbinen oder Heizöle für Oelfeuerungen bestens eignet.Surprisingly, it could be determined, which could not be assumed without further ado, that the chemical compound of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol polyglycol ether with 12 to 14 C atoms proved to be an emulsifier, which enables a fuel and heating oil emulsion for internal combustion engines such as Otto, diesel and Wankel engines , as well as rotary piston machines and turbines or heating oils for oil firing.
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Treibstoff- und Heizölemulsion für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen wie Otto-, Diesel- und Wankelmotoren, sowie Rotationskolbenmaschinen und Turbinen oder Heizöle für Oelfeuerungen nebst einem Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihrer Verwendung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Emulgator aus einem aethoxylierten Fettalkoholpolyglykolether mit 12 bis 14 C- Atomen besteht. Zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung wird dieselbe anhand einiger Ausführungsbeispiele erläutert.The present invention relates to a fuel and heating oil emulsion for internal combustion engines such as Otto, diesel and Wankel engines, as well as rotary piston machines and turbines or heating oils for oil firing systems, together with a process for their production and their use, characterized in that the emulsifier consists of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol polyglycol ether with 12 to 14 carbon atoms. For a better understanding of the invention, the same will be explained with the aid of some exemplary embodiments.
Ausführungsbeispiel 1Embodiment 1
89,3 Vol .% bleifreies Benzin werden mit 0,7 Vol.% des Emulgators vermischt und alsdann mit 10 Vol.% entmineralisiertem Wasser versetzt, wobei das Ganze solange verwirbelt wird, bis die Emulsion sich einstellt.89.3% by volume of unleaded petrol are mixed with 0.7% by volume of the emulsifier and then mixed with 10% by volume of demineralized water, the whole being swirled until the emulsion sets in.
Ausführungsbeispiel 2Embodiment 2
89,3 Vol.% eines Normalbenzins werden mit 0,7 Vol.% des Emulgators vermischt, womit der Tabk eines Automobils aufgefüllt wird. Kurz vor dem Vergaser wird dem oben erwähnten Treibstoffgemisch mittelst einer Durchlaufverwirbelung 10 Vol.% entmineralisiertes Wasser beigemischt, derart, dass eine Emulsion entsteht.89.3 vol.% Of a normal gasoline are mixed with 0.7 vol.% Of the emulsifier, with which the tobacco of an automobile is filled up. Shortly before the carburetor, 10% by volume of demineralized water is mixed into the above-mentioned fuel mixture by means of a vortex, so that an emulsion is formed.
Ausführungsbeispiel 3Embodiment 3
83,3 Vol.% Dieselöl werden mit 1,7 Vol.% des Emulgators versetzt und gemischt. Hierauf wird diesem Gemisch 15 Vol .% entmineralisiertes Wasser zugefügt und gerührt, bis sich die Emulsion gebildet hat.83.3% by volume of diesel oil are mixed with 1.7% by volume of the emulsifier and mixed. 15% by volume of demineralized water is then added to this mixture and the mixture is stirred until the emulsion has formed.
Ausführungsbeispiel 4Embodiment 4
100 Volumen eines Heizöls mit 50° E werden zunächst mit 3 Volumen des Emulgators gründlich vermischt. Dieser Mischung werden daraufhin 25 Volumen von destilliertem oder entmineralisiertem Wasser hinzugegeben und kräftig umgerührt. Die so hergestellte Heizölemulsion eignet sich vortrefflich für Oelfeuerungen.100 volumes of a heating oil with 50 ° E are first mixed thoroughly with 3 volumes of the emulsifier. This mixture is then 25 volumes of distilled or demineralized water and stirred vigorously. The heating oil emulsion produced in this way is excellently suitable for oil firing.
Die Vorteile der erfindungsgemässen Treibstoffe sind darin zu erblicken, dass eine vollständigere Verbrennung der Kohlenwasserstoffe erfolgt und wobei sich eine Reduktion der Verbrennungstemperatur ergibt. Durch die emulgierte Dampfphase erfolgt im Verbrennungsraum des Motors ein Druckanstieg, sodass ein Bleizusatz zum Treibstoff sich erübrigt. Die Bildung von umweltgefährdenden Abgasen wie ( NO)X, CO, Kohlenwasserstoffe und Russ wird merklich herabgesetzt. Niederoktanbenzin von 70 Oktan kann nun bedenkenlos eingesetzt werden, was die Betriebskosten merklich senkt. Als Unterschied zum Ottomotor kann beim Dieselmotor der Wasseranteil bei gleichbleibender Leistung um 50 % erhöht werden, wobei der ausgestossene CO-Wert um mindestens 40 % sinkt, während der Bacharachwert von den erlaubten 4 auf 0,1 bis 0,5 zurückgeht. Versuche haben weiterhin gezeigt, dass eine Leistungssteigerung des Motors dadurch erreicht werden kann, wenn der Treibstoff vor dem Einspritzen in den Motor erhitzt wird. Beim Treibstoff für Dieselmotoren zeigt sich eine Erhitzung desselben auf 100 - 110° C leistungssteigernd, während dies beim Treibstoff für Otto-Motoren bei 90 - 100° C der Fall ist. The advantages of the fuels according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the hydrocarbons are burned more completely and the combustion temperature is reduced. The emulsified vapor phase causes an increase in pressure in the combustion chamber of the engine, so that there is no need to add lead to the fuel. The formation of environmentally hazardous exhaust gases such as (NO) X , CO, hydrocarbons and soot is significantly reduced. Low octane gasoline of 70 octane can now be used without hesitation, which noticeably reduces operating costs. In contrast to the petrol engine, the water content of the diesel engine can be increased by 50% while the output remains the same, whereby the emitted CO value drops by at least 40%, while the Bacharach value drops from the permitted 4 to 0.1 to 0.5. Tests have also shown that an increase in engine performance can be achieved by heating the fuel before injecting it into the engine. In the case of fuel for diesel engines, heating of the same to 100-110 ° C is shown to increase performance, while this is the case for petrol engines at 90-100 ° C.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Treibstoffe für Verbrennungsmotoren oder Heizöle, die Wasser und einen Emulgator enthalten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Emulgator aus einem aethoxylierten Fettalkoholpolyglykolether mit 12 bis 14 C-Atomen besteht.1. Fuels for internal combustion engines or heating oils which contain water and an emulsifier, characterized in that the emulsifier consists of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol polyglycol ether having 12 to 14 carbon atoms.
2. Treibstoffe oder Heizöle nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie2. Fuels or heating oils according to claim 1, characterized in that they
84,3 bis 92,5 Vol. % eines Kohlenwasserstoffgemisches wie es allgemein als Benzin, als84.3 to 92.5 vol.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture as it is commonly known as gasoline
Diesel- oder Heizöl eingesetzt wird, 0,5 bis 3,0 Vol.% eines aethoxylierten Fettalkoholpolyglykolethers mit 12 bis 14 C-Atomen undDiesel or heating oil is used, 0.5 to 3.0 vol.% Of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol polyglycol ether with 12 to 14 carbon atoms and
7 bis 20,0 Vol.% entmineralisiertes Wasser enthalten.Contain 7 to 20.0% by volume of demineralized water.
3. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Treibstoffes nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man für die in an sich bekannter Weise erfolgende Herstellung einen ionischen, alkalisch reagierenden Emulgator einsetzt, der weniger als 0,1 Gew.% an Salzanteilen aufweist. Verwendung von Treibstoffen oder Heizölen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man sie für Diesel-, Otto-und Wankelmotoren, Rotationskolbenmaschinen oder Turbinen bzw. für Oelfeuerungen einsetzt. 3. A process for the preparation of a fuel according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that an ionic, alkaline-reacting emulsifier is used for the production which is known per se and has less than 0.1% by weight of salt fractions. Use of fuels or heating oils according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that they are used for diesel, Otto and Wankel engines, rotary piston machines or turbines or for oil firing.
EP19840900962 1984-03-12 1984-03-12 Emulsion of fuel and fuel oil, process for the preparation and utilization thereof Withdrawn EP0183685A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH1984/000037 WO1985004183A1 (en) 1984-03-12 1984-03-12 Emulsion of fuel and fuel oil, process for the preparation and utilization thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0183685A1 true EP0183685A1 (en) 1986-06-11

Family

ID=4541128

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840900962 Withdrawn EP0183685A1 (en) 1984-03-12 1984-03-12 Emulsion of fuel and fuel oil, process for the preparation and utilization thereof

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EP (1) EP0183685A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1985004183A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3614040A1 (en) * 1986-04-25 1987-11-05 Henkel Kgaa TURBINE-FREE STABILIZATION OF WATER IN HYDROCARBON FRACTIONS OF THE DIESEL OR. HEATING OIL AREA
EP0961822A1 (en) * 1997-01-16 1999-12-08 Clariant GmbH Fuel-water emulsions
DE19917753A1 (en) * 1999-04-20 2000-10-26 Ulrich Friesen Emulsion-type fuel for an internal combustion engine comprises a fuel, an emulsifier, and deionized water to reduce engine deposits
US20040111957A1 (en) 2002-12-13 2004-06-17 Filippini Brian B. Water blended fuel composition
RU2616921C2 (en) * 2015-09-11 2017-04-18 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский технологический университет" Method of producing diesel fuel emulsion formulations

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1205235A (en) * 1967-05-03 1970-09-16 Ici Ltd Emulsification of oil on water
DE2653026A1 (en) * 1975-06-30 1978-05-24 Edward C Wenzel LIQUID MIXTURE THAT CAN BE USED AS FUEL FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8504183A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1985004183A1 (en) 1985-09-26

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