WO1985004183A1

WO1985004183A1 - Emulsion of fuel and fuel oil, process for the preparation and utilization thereof

Info

Publication number: WO1985004183A1
Application number: PCT/CH1984/000037
Authority: WO
Inventors: Carl Jakob Disch
Original assignee: Archimmo S.A.
Priority date: 1984-03-12
Filing date: 1984-03-12
Publication date: 1985-09-26
Also published as: EP0183685A1

Abstract

To form a stable emulsion of fuel and fuel oil for internal combustion engines, ethoxylated fatty alcohol polyglycol ether with 12 to 14 atoms of carbon is used as emulsifier. To prevent the destabilization of the emulsion, the emulsifier is first mixed with the fuel and water is then added. The emulsion thus obtained remains stable.

Description

Fuel and heating oil emulsion, as well as a process for their preparation and their use.

The present invention relates to a fuel and heating oil emulsion for internal combustion engines such as Otto, Wankel and diesel engines, as well. Rotary piston machines and turbines or heating oils for oil firing in addition to a process for their manufacture and their use

It is known to add fuels for gasoline, diesel and Wankel engines, as well as heating oils, water to improve the combustion process. Improved combustion processes can be achieved by controlled supply of atomized water or water vapor from a separate tank or from the cooler. It should be noted, however, that procedures related to petrol or diesel oil Air mixture of water vapor or a mixture of water vapor and mechanically atomized water add to the maximum output, but the knock resistance of the charging mixture is increased by several octane numbers. Water, which is still predominantly atomized when it enters the cylinders, has a more favorable effect. Evaporation heat can have a favorable effect on the degree of filling, the knock resistance of the charging mixture and the thermal load on the combustion chamber. These findings are set out in Report No. 21 of the Swiss Society for the Study of Motor Fuels on pages 15, 16 and 17 of 1956.

According to Swiss patent 252 611, an assembly is described which increases the efficiency of the engine by additionally introducing gasified water with the fuel-air mixture into the combustion chamber.

In the GDR patent specification 147 683, i.a. mentions that only purified, nonionic emulsifiers which are free from polyglycol ethers and catalyst salts can be used as emulsifiers.

The emulsifiers used hitherto have the disadvantage, among other things, that they have to be cleaned beforehand using salts which result from the use of catalysts. Further disadvantages can be seen in the fact that the emulsions produced are not stable enough, the aqueous phase separating off. It also has demonstrated that the fuel mixture was atomized by the carburetor, resulting in unstable mixtures, so that the hoped-for success did not materialize.

GDR patent specification 147 683 in particular discloses that the emulsifier must be cleaned of polyalkylene glycol ethers. A reason for this could not be given.

The purpose of the present invention is seen to avoid the separation of a fuel emulsion.

Surprisingly, it could be determined, which could not be assumed without further ado, that the chemical compound of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol polyglycol ether with 12 to 14 C atoms proved to be an emulsifier, which enables a fuel and heating oil emulsion for internal combustion engines such as Otto, diesel and Wankel engines , as well as rotary piston machines and turbines or heating oils for oil firing.

The present invention relates to a fuel and heating oil emulsion for internal combustion engines such as Otto, diesel and Wankel engines, as well as rotary piston machines and turbines or heating oils for oil firing systems, together with a process for their production and their use, characterized in that the emulsifier consists of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol polyglycol ether with 12 to 14 carbon atoms. For a better understanding of the invention, the same will be explained with the aid of some exemplary embodiments.

Embodiment 1

89.3% by volume of unleaded petrol are mixed with 0.7% by volume of the emulsifier and then mixed with 10% by volume of demineralized water, the whole being swirled until the emulsion sets in.

Embodiment 2

89.3 vol.% Of a normal gasoline are mixed with 0.7 vol.% Of the emulsifier, with which the tobacco of an automobile is filled up. Shortly before the carburetor, 10% by volume of demineralized water is mixed into the above-mentioned fuel mixture by means of a vortex, so that an emulsion is formed.

Embodiment 3

83.3% by volume of diesel oil are mixed with 1.7% by volume of the emulsifier and mixed. 15% by volume of demineralized water is then added to this mixture and the mixture is stirred until the emulsion has formed.

Embodiment 4

100 volumes of a heating oil with 50 ° E are first mixed thoroughly with 3 volumes of the emulsifier. This mixture is then 25 volumes of distilled or demineralized water and stirred vigorously. The heating oil emulsion produced in this way is excellently suitable for oil firing.

The advantages of the fuels according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the hydrocarbons are burned more completely and the combustion temperature is reduced. The emulsified vapor phase causes an increase in pressure in the combustion chamber of the engine, so that there is no need to add lead to the fuel. The formation of environmentally hazardous exhaust gases such as (NO) _X , CO, hydrocarbons and soot is significantly reduced. Low octane gasoline of 70 octane can now be used without hesitation, which noticeably reduces operating costs. In contrast to the petrol engine, the water content of the diesel engine can be increased by 50% while the output remains the same, whereby the emitted CO value drops by at least 40%, while the Bacharach value drops from the permitted 4 to 0.1 to 0.5. Tests have also shown that an increase in engine performance can be achieved by heating the fuel before injecting it into the engine. In the case of fuel for diesel engines, heating of the same to 100-110 ° C is shown to increase performance, while this is the case for petrol engines at 90-100 ° C.

Claims

Patent claims

1. Fuels for internal combustion engines or heating oils which contain water and an emulsifier, characterized in that the emulsifier consists of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol polyglycol ether having 12 to 14 carbon atoms.

2. Fuels or heating oils according to claim 1, characterized in that they

84.3 to 92.5 vol.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture as it is commonly known as gasoline

Diesel or heating oil is used, 0.5 to 3.0 vol.% Of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol polyglycol ether with 12 to 14 carbon atoms and

Contain 7 to 20.0% by volume of demineralized water.

3. A process for the preparation of a fuel according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that an ionic, alkaline-reacting emulsifier is used for the production which is known per se and has less than 0.1% by weight of salt fractions. Use of fuels or heating oils according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that they are used for diesel, Otto and Wankel engines, rotary piston machines or turbines or for oil firing.