EP0182922B1 - Method of straight-drawing round material and tube, and solid and hollow profiles, and installation therefor - Google Patents

Method of straight-drawing round material and tube, and solid and hollow profiles, and installation therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0182922B1
EP0182922B1 EP84112638A EP84112638A EP0182922B1 EP 0182922 B1 EP0182922 B1 EP 0182922B1 EP 84112638 A EP84112638 A EP 84112638A EP 84112638 A EP84112638 A EP 84112638A EP 0182922 B1 EP0182922 B1 EP 0182922B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drawn
machine
machines
deflection
guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84112638A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0182922A1 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Komp
Bruno Walczak
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Schumag AG
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Schumag AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schumag AG filed Critical Schumag AG
Priority to EP84112638A priority Critical patent/EP0182922B1/en
Priority to AT84112638T priority patent/ATE49144T1/en
Priority to DE8484112638T priority patent/DE3480908D1/en
Priority to JP60231419A priority patent/JPS6199515A/en
Publication of EP0182922A1 publication Critical patent/EP0182922A1/en
Priority to US07/085,275 priority patent/US4805434A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0182922B1 publication Critical patent/EP0182922B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C49/00Devices for temporarily accumulating material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/20Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes from stock of essentially unlimited length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/34Guiding or supporting the material or mandrels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for pulling straight elongated material prismatic cross-section with full or hollow cross-section to reduce the cross-section in at least two drawing stages, at least the second drawing stage being carried out on a drawing device with intermittently operating, linearly moving drawing slide, and a system for carrying out this method .
  • the drawing material is rolled up with a radius suitable for the drawing material and, after complete application, is transported to the next drawing machine as a whole package of materials, whereupon the known and already described drawing process is repeated there for the next reduction in cross-section after threading, etc.
  • this intermediate drum of the material to be drawn or at least with as few intermediate drums of the material to be drawn and to pass the drawn material directly from the drawing machine to the drawing machine.
  • this is not possible with such straight drawing machines because - as just described, the drawing machine works in intermittent mode during the drawing in, thus forcing the material to be stopped, while the preceding drawing machine is in the middle of the work flow, i.e. forcing a continuous material transport.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a method of the type described at the outset with which it is possible to connect straight-pulling machines in series and to avoid the intermediate drums previously required.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a system suitable for carrying out the method.
  • the solution to the first-mentioned object is seen according to the invention in that, in a method according to the preamble of claim 1, the drawing material is deflected from the straight line by a drawing device with intermittently operating, linearly moving drawing slide, insofar as this is not the first drawing device, as soon as the drawing device has taken over the beginning of the drawing material
  • This deflection of the drawing material from the straight line creates a buffer area for the movement of the drawing material, so that the preceding drawing machine, which works in the continuous drawing process, can transport the drawing material undisturbed into the resulting sheet, while the following drawing machine can take over the incoming drawing material in intermittent operation during the start of drawing.
  • the further object underlying the invention for creating a system suitable for carrying out the method is achieved in that, in the case of a system according to the preamble of claim 2, viewed in the working direction, at least the second pulling device is one for pulling straight with intermittently operating, linearly moving pulling slides and a pulling nozzle arranged stationary with the pulling device, at least two pulling devices of the system being connected to one another by means of a guide device for introducing the material to be pulled into the pulling nozzle of the subsequent machine, and the guide device being means has from the straight direction of flow to the deflection of the drawn material to less than 360 0th
  • the intermediate arrangement of the guiding device enables a drawing device adjacent to a preceding drawing device to be connected directly to the preceding drawing device, so that the drawn material can be passed on from machine to machine with this guiding device and it is in the guiding device for the necessary deflection of the material the straight flow direction is provided, whereby the necessary bow for buffering the drawn material is produced.
  • the resulting bow is automatically enlarged. Only an enlargement can also be considered, because the drawing material is ejected faster from the preceding drawing device during the intermittent operation of the second drawing device than can be taken over by the second drawing device.
  • the guide device has a guide element and a deformation element, at least the deformation element being movably guided to carry out the deformation.
  • the guide element ensures the straight line execution, while the deformation element ensures the deflection from the straight flow direction.
  • the functions of “guidance” and “deflection” can thus advantageously be separated.
  • the straight design is maintained as long as necessary and then, if necessary, the deformation is initiated by the independent deformation element.
  • a V-shaped channel connects the outlet of a first machine with the input of a second machine as a guide element, the channel having an interruption in at least one point in its longitudinal course and that a transverse to the course of the Channel through which interruption movable deformation element is provided.
  • the V-shaped guide trough is a particularly simple guide element with a sufficiently safe function. It is easy to interrupt its longitudinal course without any loss of function, so that a deformation element which can be moved through this area can be provided in this area for deflecting the drawn material from the straight flow direction. It is particularly advantageous here if this deformation element is provided approximately in the middle of the distance between the two drawing machines. As a result, the force to be applied by the deformation element to the drawn material for the deformation can be kept small and a uniform deflection is achieved, seen on both sides in the direction of flow.
  • the V-shaped channel is arranged to be movable in order to terminate the straight guidance of the drawn material before the deformation is initiated.
  • This simple means enables the radial plane in which the deformation is to be carried out to be selected independently of the angular position of the V-shaped channel. It then does not necessarily have to lie the radial deformation plane so that the drawing material is lifted out of the V-shaped groove by the deformation process, but rather the V-shaped groove can be so movable that it evades the deforming drawing material.
  • a supplementary embodiment of the invention provides that the gutter is lowered. This is an easy to design direction of movement of the channel.
  • the trough is arranged to be pivotable about an axis parallel to its course. This possibility of movement is also simple to design and allows the trough to evade the desired direction of deformation of the material to be drawn.
  • a deflection slide is provided as the deformation element, which can be guided radially against the drawn material.
  • a deflection slide can also be designed and moved easily and can be guided non-positively and thus under constant desired preload radially against the drawn material. In this way, a safe deflection of the material to be drawn is effected and, at the same time, the fact that the deflection slide only lies non-positively on the material to be drawn makes it easy to track both enlargements and reductions in the deflection curve of the material to be drawn with the deflection slide.
  • the deflection slide has a carrier connected to an actuating device and at least one contact element for acting on the drawn material.
  • This is also a particularly simple structure and it is possible to separate the elements which exert the movement and the force from the elements which come directly into contact with the drawing material, so that the latter can be adapted to the particular requirements of the drawing material in question, without at the same time all other assemblies or components would have to be changed.
  • At least one contact element is designed as a body that is rotationally symmetrical about at least one axis and perpendicular to the tangent to the at least this axis Point of contact of the drawing material and the contact element is rotatably arranged on the carrier.
  • This can be one or more rollers or wheels, whereby on the one hand the bending radius of the drawing material can be influenced in a simple manner and on the other hand the axial movement is not impeded by unnecessarily large friction.
  • an adverse influence on the surface fibers of the drawn material can be avoided.
  • a fluid-operated piston-cylinder unit is provided as the actuating device. This is the easiest way to achieve a positive connection of the components that cause the drawing material to deflect from the straight line.
  • the guide device has counter-holding pieces in the area of the exit of a preceding machine and in the area of the entrance of a subsequent machine.
  • the corresponding guide elements on the machines which are arranged in the area of the exit and the entrance are relieved and it a smooth transition arch to the deflection arch, which also relieves the drawn material, can be created.
  • the guide device is designed as a circular guide, which takes over the drawing material running out of a first machine in the tangential direction and, after a deflection along a circular arc shape, introduces it tangentially into the subsequent machine.
  • this device it is possible to arrange successive machines parallel to one another, so that an adaptation to the available spatial conditions is made possible at low cost. This is particularly advantageous if the deflection takes place along an arc of a circle - around approx. 180 °.
  • the deflection along an arc of a circle by approx. 180 ° is a particularly advantageous buffering because almost any speed differences between the two machines can be absorbed only by moving the arc further apart or closer by 160 ° as a whole from the two parallel machines The arch itself can remain unchanged.
  • the guide device essentially consists of a central bearing, on which a boom is arranged so as to be pivotable about a vertical axis, the free end of the boom having a gripping device, suitable for taking over and transferring the drawing material, whereby two drawing machines to be connected to one another are arranged in such a way that their output or input lies in the effective range of the gripping device of the boom.
  • the desired deflection and thus the required buffer zone can be generated with relatively simple means.
  • the drawing machines are set up with a working direction running parallel to one another and that the guide device connecting them deflects the drawing material by approximately 180 °.
  • the boom can be driven in rotation via an associated drive.
  • This is not necessary for drawn material with a larger cross-section.
  • the boom itself which is centrally mounted and could also be designed as a wheel, for example, can then be driven by the working movement of the drawing material. With drawn material of smaller cross section, this leads to difficulties because the drawn material then buckles at undesired points.
  • the drive of the boom which must rotate the boom synchronously with the speed of the drawing material, therefore ensures that the buckling is prevented at undesired locations on the drawing material with a smaller cross-section.
  • FIG. 1 shows a system in which two drawing machines 1 are linked to one another by means of a guide device 2.
  • the working direction of the system assembled in this way is indicated by arrow 23.
  • the drawn material 7 is thus transported in the direction of arrow 23.
  • the drawn material 7 is processed, for example, in a first drawing stage by the drawing machine 1 arranged to the left of the guide device 2 in a straight-line drawing process and exits in a straight-line direction at the exit 12 of this drawing machine.
  • a bed 35 of the guide device 2 carries, aligned in the straight direction of the outflowing drawing material 7, a V-shaped channel 30 which, open at the top, is supported there.
  • an angle of 90 ° is chosen as the angle between the two legs of the channel.
  • the drawn material 7 can flow straight through this V-shaped channel and is guided by this channel straight ahead and threaded into the input 13 of the drawing machine 1 arranged on the right in the system.
  • Angel is provided, which passes through the drawing nozzle 29, so that the drawing material 7 can first be taken over by the drawing carriage 22 on this conventional fishing rod.
  • the drawing carriage 22 must first follow up on the drawing material in several steps already described at the outset of the prior art, so that during the follow-up a complete standstill of the drawing material occurs in the right drawing machine 1.
  • the left-hand drawing machine of this system according to FIG. 1 continues to operate continuously, and so there would be no special measures for buckling and destruction of both the drawing material 7 and, as a result, at least the downstream drawing machine.
  • the guide device 2 eliminates this problem.
  • an interruption 31 is provided in the course of the V-shaped channel 30 approximately in the central region of the distance between the outlet 12 of the left machine and the inlet 13 of the right drawing machine.
  • the bed 35 has a cantilever 36 on which a deformation element 21 is arranged.
  • This deformation element 21 is displaceable on the upper bed level in the radial direction of the drawn material and can for example assume a position which is shown in broken lines in FIG. 1. If the deformation element 21 is displaced radially, the drawing material 7 is thereby correspondingly deformed, that is to say deflected from its straight direction.
  • the V-shaped channel 30 can be pivoted about an axis 32 (FIG. 2), so that the V-shaped channel 30, which is intended as a guide, is no longer an obstacle to deflection of the drawing material 7 the deformation element 21 moved radially against the drawing material 7 with the necessary force.
  • This force can be generated, for example, by a fluid-actuated piston-cylinder unit 19 (FIG. 2), which moves the deformation element 21 with the appropriate force in the direction of arrow 37 and vice versa.
  • the force of the piston-cylinder unit 19 is dimensioned in such a way that, although it causes deflection of the drawing material, the drawing process itself is not adversely affected by this.
  • the piston-cylinder unit 19 is connected to a pump unit 38 or the tank 42 via the lines 40 and 41 and via the valve 39.
  • the piston-cylinder unit 19 is supplied with pressure medium by means of the pump unit 38 via the line 40, which ensures that the piston rod of the piston-cylinder unit extends and therefore a movement of the deformation element 21 in the direction of arrow 37 takes place because the piston rod of the piston-cylinder unit 19 is connected to the deformation element 21 in the manner shown in FIG. 2 or in another suitable manner.
  • the cylinder of the piston-cylinder unit is preferably supported on the bed 35 of the guide device 2.
  • the fluid displaced from the cylinder space on the piston rod side of the piston-cylinder unit 19 travels via the line 41 and again through the valve 39 into the tank 42.
  • a controllable counterpressure valve 43 can ensure that the piston of the piston-cylinder Unit 19 remains hydraulically clamped.
  • a movement of the piston rod of the piston-cylinder unit 19 in the opposite direction is achieved in that the valve 39 is moved into the second switching position.
  • counter-holding pieces 17 and 18 can be provided in the areas mentioned, which have a specific and desired contour force the drawing material 7 in this area.
  • the entire system 24 can also be equipped with a device 44 which checks the size of the radial deformation of the drawing material 7 and emits a corresponding signal. This makes it possible to regulate the working speeds of the drawing machines 1 of the system 24 as a function of the size of the radial deflection of the drawing material in such a way that an undisturbed material flow is always ensured.
  • the movements of the tappet 45 in the radial direction are measured by an electronic displacement sensor 47, for example in the form of a commercially available linear displacement sensor, the impulses of the displacement sensor 47 being forwarded to a computer 48 , which in turn forwards its calculation results to a suitable display device 49.
  • the display device 49 can also be omitted and instead the values of the computer 48 of a control device suitable for this purpose are used to coordinate the working speeds of the drawing machines of a system. Since the structure of a control loop is fundamentally known, there is no need to go into this in detail.
  • the system 24 shows a functional interlinking of two pulling devices, of which at least the pulling device lying on the right in the working direction is one for pulling straight
  • FIG. 1 Systems as shown in FIG. 1 can be: coupled several times in succession, so that a system 25 according to FIG. 6 is created.
  • the system 25 according to FIG. 6 it is also entirely possible to use guide devices 2 according to FIG. 1.
  • slightly modified guide devices 3 have been used in the system 25 as linking means between the individual drawing machines 1.
  • Such a guide device 3 is shown more clearly in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 3 shows a system of the structure according to FIG. 1, but with the modified guide device 3.
  • a support 33 can be displaced as a deformation element 20, in a manner similar to the deformation element 21, in the direction of arrow 55.
  • On the support 33 there are contact elements 34 along a circular line attached in the form of rotatable rollers. In the middle region, two rollers 34 are provided in an opposing arrangement, between which the drawing material 7 is passed.
  • position I of carrier 33 marks the starting position and position 11 of carrier 33 the permissible end position.
  • the counter-holding pieces 51 and 52 arranged on the bed 50 fulfill the same function as the counter-holding pieces 17 and 18 according to FIG. 1. However, the counter-holding pieces 51 and 52, as elements for guiding the drawing material 7, have roles which are not specified in a similar arrangement to that Rollers 34 which are arranged on the carrier 33.
  • rollers 34 arranged on the carrier 33 could also be replaced by a wheel 53 (marked with a dashed line) which would be rotatably mounted on a correspondingly enlarged carrier 33 about the axis 54 (marked with a dashed line).
  • the entire guide device 3 described for FIG. 3 can also be constructed in the same way as the guide device 2 according to FIG. 1. It is therefore based on the detailed description, for example, of the V-shaped channel 30 according to FIG. 1, which is also provided for a guide device according to FIG can, waives. The same applies to the possible pivoting position of the bed 50.
  • a guide device has the advantage that all guide elements for the drawing material 7 carry out a rolling movement, so that friction between the drawing material and the corresponding guide elements can be largely prevented.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 Another structure of a guide device is represented by the guide device 4 according to FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • a guide device of this type makes it possible to pull machines 1 z. B. in parallel to each other.
  • a central bearing 8 is formed in the form of a column about a vertical axis 9 and a boom 5 is rotatably mounted on the column about the vertical axis 9.
  • the boom 5 is driven in rotation by a drive 6.
  • the boom 5 has a gripping device 11 at its free end 10. In the position shown in FIG. 4, the gripping device 11 of the boom 5 can grip the drawing material 7 emerging from the outlet 12 of a first drawing machine 1 and by its rotary movement around the Hochach Guide 9 in a circular arc.
  • the drawn material 7 enters the gripping device 11 of the boom 5 in the tangential direction 14 for its circular deflection.
  • a system 28 can be formed in which the individual drawing machines arranged parallel to one another can advantageously be arranged in such a way that their operating sides face one another, so that both machines can be operated by a single operator.
  • the circular deflection of the drawn material between the outlet and the inlet of the two machines of the system 28 is very easy to manufacture and very easy to control, because a higher working speed of the first machine is simply intercepted by an outward displacement of the circular arc of the drawn material 7 that links the two machines, as shown in FIG 4 is shown in dashed lines.
  • the circular arc shape of the drawing good 7, once produced, is maintained by a guide device 56 even if the circular arc of the drawn good 7 moves radially further outward. It is then advantageous depending on the property of the drawing material 7 if the.
  • Guide device 56 is pressed against the drawing material under a slight preload and constantly moves with the circular arc of the drawing material, so that a clean deflection of the drawing material is constantly maintained. The risk of undesired deformations and buckling in the case of particularly unstable drawn goods can thus be eliminated.
  • the drive 6 of the guide device 4 can be omitted, because the moving drawing material itself can drive the boom 5.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 systems 26 and 27 are shown schematically, which make clear the different arrangements and linkages of the straight-pulling machines.
  • the two different guide devices 2 or 3 and 4 it is possible to link the individual drawing machines both in series one behind the other and in a parallel arrangement to one another or in parallel rows to one another.
  • Figure 7 shows a system 26, which consists of two groups of three, of which two machines are arranged parallel to each other and two machines in a row one behind the other.
  • This arrangement has the advantage that three machines can be operated by a single operator.
  • the system 26 thus allows six drawing machines to be operated with only two operators.
  • a guide device 4 and a guide device are provided in each of the two groups. 3 or 2 required.
  • FIG. 8 In the system 27 according to FIG. 8, six machines are chained together, which can also be operated by two operators.
  • the system 27 thus allows a six-stage drawing process to be carried out without interruption.
  • two drawing machines are linked together on the left side of FIG. 8 via a guide device 4, so that these two machines are arranged parallel to one another.
  • the working direction is as indicated by arrow 57 in FIG. 8.
  • the second machine which is linked in parallel, is followed in line by another machine which is connected in a straight line to the preceding machine via a guide device 3.
  • the subsequent drawing machine i.e. fourth stage
  • this machine closes as a fifth stage another drawing machine in a parallel arrangement, which must therefore be linked to the preceding machine via a guide device 4.
  • the sixth stage is followed by a straight-chained machine, which can therefore be chained to the preceding machine again with a guide device 3.
  • a straight-chained machine which can therefore be chained to the preceding machine again with a guide device 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)

Abstract

Method of straight-line drawing for reducing the cross section of round material, tubing, solid and hollow profiles in at least two drawing stages, which includes feeding material to be drawn with a leading end to a first drawing machine for a first drawing stage, feeding the material to be drawn with the leading end in a straight line downstream of the first drawing machine. Subsequently the material to be drawn is fed with the leading end to at least one second drawing machine having a linearly movable intermittently operable drawing carriage operating at a discontinuous speed at the beginning of the drawing while said first drawing machine is already operating continuously, being disposed downstream of the straight line for at least one second drawing stage. Next, the material to be drawn from the straight line upstream of the second drawing machine is deflected as soon as the leading end of the material to be drawn has reached the second drawing machine, and the length of the deflected material is varied for equalizing differences in feeding speed between said first and second machine.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Geradeausziehen von langgestrecktem Material prismatischen Querschnitts mit vollem oder hohlem Querschnitt zur Querschnittsverminderung in mindestens zwei Ziehstufen, wobei mindestens die zweite Ziehstufe auf einer Zieheinrichtung mit intermittierend arbeitendem, sich linear bewegendem Ziehschlitten durchgeführt wird, sowie eine Anlage zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for pulling straight elongated material prismatic cross-section with full or hollow cross-section to reduce the cross-section in at least two drawing stages, at least the second drawing stage being carried out on a drawing device with intermittently operating, linearly moving drawing slide, and a system for carrying out this method .

Es sind mit der DE-C-31 30 520 Schlittenziehmaschinen zur Durchführung des o.g. Verfahrens bekannt geworden, die sich im Einsatz gut bewährt haben. Solche Maschinen arbeiten einstufig und sind in der Lage, in Abhängigkeit von der Duktilität des zu ziehenden Werkstoffes eine bestimmte Querschnittsverminderung in einer Ziehstufe zu erreichen. Hierbei bewegen sich die Ziehschlitten gegenläufig hin und her. Zu Beginn des Ziehvorgangs, also während des Einziehvorgangs, werden die Einziehklemmbacken eines Ziehschiittens genau im vorderen Totpunkt dieses ersten Ziehschlittens geschlossen. Hierdurch wird das zum Ziehen anstehende Material beim nachfolgenden Vorhub dieses ersten Ziehschiittens ruckfrei eingezogen. Am Ende dieses vom ersten Ziehschiitten ausgeführten Einziehhubes, spätestens jedoch mit Beginn des Rückhubs dieses Ziehschiittens, lösen sich die Einziehbacken von dem nunmehr eingezogenen Ziehgut Dieser Einziehvorgang wiederholt sich nun mehrmals. Hierbei wird durch sinngemäßes und abwechselndes Schließen und Öffnen der Klemmbacken das Ziehgut bei der entsprechenden Unearbewegung des Ziehschlittens intermittierend eingezogen. Es wird also bei diesem Einziehvorgang das Ziehgut vom ersten Ziehschlitten mit unterbrochenen Einzelhüben eingezogen so lange, bis der Anfang des Ziehgutes sich hinter dem zweiten Ziehschiitten befindet Nunmehr kann das Ziehgut vom zweiten Ziehschlitten übernommen werden und es erfolgt nun bei entsprechender Steuerung beider Ziehschlitten zu einer sinnvollen gleichzeitigen Bewegung ein ruckfreier Vorschub des Ziehgutes. Am Ausgang einer solchen bekannten Ziehmaschine wird das Ziehgut mit einem für das Ziehgut geeigneten Radius aufgetrommelt und nach vollständiger Auftrommlung zur nächsten Ziehmaschine als gesamtes Werkstoffpaket weitertransportiert, worauf sich dort nach Einfädelung der bereits beschriebene und bekannte Ziehvorgang für die nächste Querschnittsverminderung wiederholt usw. An sich wäre es wünschenswert, ohne diese Zwischentrommelung des zu ziehenden Werkstoffes oder mindestens mit möglichst wenig Zwischentrommelungen des zu ziehenden Werkstoffes auszukommen und das Ziehgut von Ziehmaschine zu Ziehmaschine direkt weiterzuleiten. Dies ist aber bei solchen Geradeziehmaschinen nicht möglich, weil -wie eben beschriebenwährend des Einzuges die Ziehmaschine im intermittierenden Betrieb arbeitet, also Stockungen des Ziehgutes erzwingt, während die vorangehende Ziehmaschine mitten im Arbeitsfluß ist, also einen kontinuierlichen Werkstofftransport erzwingt. Dazu kommt noch, daß beide hintereinander anzuordnenden Ziehmaschinen nicht mit exakt gleicher Geschwindigkeit des Masseflusses des Ziehgutes arbeiten, so daß auch aus diesem Grunde eine Hintereinanderkopplung von Geradeausziehmaschinen nicht möglich erscheint Somit sind die den eigentlichen Ziehvorgang unterbrechenden Zwischentrommelungen des Ziehgutes beim Einsatz solcher Ziehmaschinen notwendig. Eine ältere Bauart solcher Geradeausziehmaschinen ist gezeigt in « Lehrbuch der Umformtechnik, Band 2, Massivumformung », Kurt Lange, Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg - New York, 1974, S.312, Bild 5.55.There are with the DE-C-31 30 520 slide drawing machines for performing the above. Process become known that have proven themselves well in use. Such machines work in one step and are able to achieve a certain reduction in cross-section in one drawing step, depending on the ductility of the material to be drawn. The pulling slides move back and forth in opposite directions. At the beginning of the pulling process, that is to say during the pulling-in process, the pulling-in jaws of a pulling slide are closed exactly at the front dead center of this first pulling slide. As a result, the material to be drawn is pulled in smoothly during the subsequent forward stroke of this first drawing slide. At the end of this pulling-in stroke carried out by the first pulling slide, but at the latest at the beginning of the return stroke of this pulling slide, the pulling-in jaws detach from the now drawn-in material to be drawn in. This pulling-in process is now repeated several times. Here, by appropriately and alternately closing and opening the clamping jaws, the drawing material is drawn in intermittently during the corresponding unear movement of the drawing slide. In this pulling-in process, the drawing material is drawn in by the first drawing slide with interrupted single strokes until the beginning of the drawing material is behind the second drawing slide.Now the drawing material can be taken over by the second drawing slide and, with appropriate control of both drawing slides, it now takes place in a sensible manner simultaneous movement a smooth feed of the drawn material. At the exit of such a known drawing machine, the drawing material is rolled up with a radius suitable for the drawing material and, after complete application, is transported to the next drawing machine as a whole package of materials, whereupon the known and already described drawing process is repeated there for the next reduction in cross-section after threading, etc. In itself it is desirable to get by without this intermediate drum of the material to be drawn or at least with as few intermediate drums of the material to be drawn and to pass the drawn material directly from the drawing machine to the drawing machine. However, this is not possible with such straight drawing machines because - as just described, the drawing machine works in intermittent mode during the drawing in, thus forcing the material to be stopped, while the preceding drawing machine is in the middle of the work flow, i.e. forcing a continuous material transport. In addition, the two drawing machines to be arranged one behind the other do not work at exactly the same speed of the mass flow of the drawing material, so that for this reason it is also not possible to couple straight drawing machines in series. Thus, the interim drums of the drawing material that interrupt the actual drawing process are necessary when using such drawing machines. An older design of such straight-line drawing machines is shown in “Textbook of Metal Forming Technology, Volume 2, Massive Forming”, Kurt Lange, Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg - New York, 1974, p.312, Fig. 5.55.

Der Erfindung liegt, ausgehend von dem Stand der Technik gemäß DE-C-31 30 820, die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Art vorzuschlagen, mit dem es möglich wird, Geradeausziehmaschinen hintereinander zu schalten und hierbei die bisher notwendigen Zwischentrommelungen zu vermeiden.Based on the prior art according to DE-C-31 30 820, the invention is based on the object of proposing a method of the type described at the outset with which it is possible to connect straight-pulling machines in series and to avoid the intermediate drums previously required.

Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung liegt darin, eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignete Anlage vorzuschlagen.Another object of the invention is to propose a system suitable for carrying out the method.

Die Lösung der erstgenannten Aufgabe wird nach der Erfindung darin gesehen, daß bei einem Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 das Ziehgut von einer Zieheinrichtung mit intermittierend arbeitendem, sich linear bewegendem Ziehschlitten, soweit dies nicht die erste Zieheinrichtung ist, aus der Geraden ausgelenkt wird, sobald die Zieheinrichtung den Anfang des Ziehgutes übernommen hat Diese Auslenkung des Ziehgutes aus der Geraden schafft einen Pufferbereich für die Bewegung des Ziehgutes, so daß die vorangehende, im kontinuierlichen Ziehprozeß arbeitende Ziehmaschine ungestört in diesen entstehenden Bogen hinein das Ziehgut transportieren kann, während die nachfolgende Ziehmaschine im intermittierenden Betrieb während des Ziehbeginns das ankommende Ziehgut übemehmen kann. Der von der vorangehenden Ziehmaschine zu schnell nachgelieferte Werkstoff fließt aufgrund der Auslenkung des Ziehgutes einfach in den ausgelenkten Bogen und vergrößert diesen Bogen soweit wie nötig. Mit dieser überraschend einfachen Maßnahme gelingt es erstmals Geradeausziehmaschinen direkt und ohne Zwischentrommelung des Ziehgutes hintereinander zu schalten und gleichzeitig arbeiten zu lassen. Das Ziehgut bleibt in kontinuierlichem Durchfluß und der Ziehvorgang muß nicht zur Durchführung von Wickelvorgängen und Transportvorgängen unterbrochen werden.The solution to the first-mentioned object is seen according to the invention in that, in a method according to the preamble of claim 1, the drawing material is deflected from the straight line by a drawing device with intermittently operating, linearly moving drawing slide, insofar as this is not the first drawing device, as soon as the drawing device has taken over the beginning of the drawing material This deflection of the drawing material from the straight line creates a buffer area for the movement of the drawing material, so that the preceding drawing machine, which works in the continuous drawing process, can transport the drawing material undisturbed into the resulting sheet, while the following drawing machine can take over the incoming drawing material in intermittent operation during the start of drawing. The material supplied too quickly by the previous drawing machine simply flows into the deflected sheet due to the deflection of the drawing material and enlarges this sheet as much as necessary. With this surprisingly simple measure, it is possible for the first time to connect straight pulling machines one after the other directly and without intermediate drumming of the drawn goods and to let them work at the same time. The drawn material remains in a continuous flow and the drawing process does not have to be interrupted in order to carry out winding processes and transport processes.

Die weitere der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe zur Schaffung einer zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeigneten Anlage ist dadurch gelöst, daß bei einer Anlage gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 2 in Arbeitsrichtung gesehen, mindestens die zweite Zieheinrichtung eine solche zum Geradeausziehen mit intermittierend arbeitenden, linear bewegten Ziehschiitten und ortsfest zur Zieheinrichtung angeordneter Ziehdüse ist, wobei mindestens zwei Zieheinrichtungen der Anlage mittels einer Führungseinrichtung zur Einführung des Ziehgutes in die Ziehdüse der nachfolgenden Maschine miteinander verbunden sind und wobei die Führungseinrichtung Mittel zur Auslenkung des Ziehgutes um weniger als 3600 aus der geraden Flußrichtung aufweist. Hierdurch kann durch die Zwischenschaltung der Führungseinrichtung eine jeweils zu einer vorangehenden Zieheinrichtung benachbarte Zieheinrichtung direkt mit der vorangehenden Zieheinrichtung verbunden werden, so daß das Ziehgut von Maschine zu Maschine mit dieser Führungseinrichtung weitergeleitet werden kann und es ist in der Führungseinrichtung für die notwendige Auslenkung des Materials aus der geraden Flußrichtung gesorgt, wodurch der notwendige Bogen für die Pufferung des Ziehgutes hergestellt ist Ist erst einmal eine Auslenkung aus der geraden Flußrichtung erzeugt, wird eine Vergrö- ßereung des entstandenen Bogens von selbst bewirkt. Es kann auch nur eine Vergrößerung in Frage kommen, denn aus der vorangehenden Zieheinrichtung wird das Ziehgut ja während des intermittierenden Betriebes der zweiten Zieheinrichtung schneller ausgestoßen, als es von der zweiten Zieheinrichtung übernommen werden kann.The further object underlying the invention for creating a system suitable for carrying out the method is achieved in that, in the case of a system according to the preamble of claim 2, viewed in the working direction, at least the second pulling device is one for pulling straight with intermittently operating, linearly moving pulling slides and a pulling nozzle arranged stationary with the pulling device, at least two pulling devices of the system being connected to one another by means of a guide device for introducing the material to be pulled into the pulling nozzle of the subsequent machine, and the guide device being means has from the straight direction of flow to the deflection of the drawn material to less than 360 0th As a result, the intermediate arrangement of the guiding device enables a drawing device adjacent to a preceding drawing device to be connected directly to the preceding drawing device, so that the drawn material can be passed on from machine to machine with this guiding device and it is in the guiding device for the necessary deflection of the material the straight flow direction is provided, whereby the necessary bow for buffering the drawn material is produced. Once a deflection from the straight flow direction has been created, the resulting bow is automatically enlarged. Only an enlargement can also be considered, because the drawing material is ejected faster from the preceding drawing device during the intermittent operation of the second drawing device than can be taken over by the second drawing device.

Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Führungseinrichtung ein Führungselement und ein Verformungselement aufweist, wobei mindestens das Verformungseiement beweglich geführt ist zur Durchführung der Verformung. Das Führungselement sorgt hierbei für die Geradeausführung, während das Verformungselement für die Auslenkung aus der geraden Flußrichtung sorgt. Somit können vorteilhafterweise die Funktionen « Führung » und « Auslenkung getrennt werden. Die Geradeausführung wird hierbei solange wie erforderlich aufrecht erhalten und dann wenn notwendig, durch das unabhängige Verformungselement die Verformung eingeleitet.According to one embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the guide device has a guide element and a deformation element, at least the deformation element being movably guided to carry out the deformation. The guide element ensures the straight line execution, while the deformation element ensures the deflection from the straight flow direction. The functions of “guidance” and “deflection” can thus advantageously be separated. The straight design is maintained as long as necessary and then, if necessary, the deformation is initiated by the independent deformation element.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, daß als Führungselement eine V-förmige Rinne den Ausgang einer ersten Maschine mit dem Eingang einer zweiten Maschine verbindet, wobei die Rinne in ihrem Längsverlauf an mindestens einer Stelle eine Unterbrechung aufweist und daß ein quer zum Verlauf der Rinne durch deren Unterbrechung hindurch bewegbares Verformungselement vorgesehen ist. Die V-förmige Führungsrinne ist ein besonders einfaches Führungselement von ausreichend sicherer Funktion. Es ist ohne Funktionseinbuße in seinem Längsverlauf problemlos zu unterbrechen, so daß in diesem Bereich ein durch diesen Bereich hindurch bewegbares Verformungselement vorgesehen sein kann zur Ablenkung des Ziehgutes aus der geraden Flußrichtung. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es hierbei, wenn dieses Verformungselement etwa in der Mitte des Abstandes zwischen den beiden Ziehmaschinen vorgesehen ist. Hierdurch kann die von dem Verformungselement auf das Ziehgut aufzubringende Kraft für die Verformung klein gehalten werden und es wird eine zu beiden Seiten in Flußrichtung gesehen gleichmäßige Auslenkung erreicht.According to a further embodiment of the invention it is proposed that a V-shaped channel connects the outlet of a first machine with the input of a second machine as a guide element, the channel having an interruption in at least one point in its longitudinal course and that a transverse to the course of the Channel through which interruption movable deformation element is provided. The V-shaped guide trough is a particularly simple guide element with a sufficiently safe function. It is easy to interrupt its longitudinal course without any loss of function, so that a deformation element which can be moved through this area can be provided in this area for deflecting the drawn material from the straight flow direction. It is particularly advantageous here if this deformation element is provided approximately in the middle of the distance between the two drawing machines. As a result, the force to be applied by the deformation element to the drawn material for the deformation can be kept small and a uniform deflection is achieved, seen on both sides in the direction of flow.

Wiederum nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die V-förmige Rinne beweglich angeordnet ist, um die Geradführung des Ziehgutes vor der Einleitung der Verformung zu beenden. Durch dieses einfache Mittel gelingt es, die Radialebene, in der die Verformung vorgenommen werden soll, unabhängig von der Winkellage der V-förmigen Rinne zu wählen. Es muß dann nicht gezwungenermaßen die radiale Verformungsebene so liegen, daß das Ziehgut durch den Verformungsvorgang aus der V-förmigen Rinne herausgehoben wird, sondern es kann vielmehr die V-förmige Rinne so beweglich sein, daß sie dem sich verformenden Ziehgut ausweicht.Again, according to an embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the V-shaped channel is arranged to be movable in order to terminate the straight guidance of the drawn material before the deformation is initiated. This simple means enables the radial plane in which the deformation is to be carried out to be selected independently of the angular position of the V-shaped channel. It then does not necessarily have to lie the radial deformation plane so that the drawing material is lifted out of the V-shaped groove by the deformation process, but rather the V-shaped groove can be so movable that it evades the deforming drawing material.

Eine ergänzende Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Rinne absenkbar geführt ist. Dies ist eine einfach zu gestaltende Bewegungsrichtung der Rinne.A supplementary embodiment of the invention provides that the gutter is lowered. This is an easy to design direction of movement of the channel.

Eine andere Ausgestaltung sieht vor, daß die Rinne um eine Achse parallel zu ihrem Verlauf schwenkbar angeordnet ist Auch diese Bewegungsmöglichkeit ist einfach gestaltbar und erlaubt, daß die Rinne der gewünschten Verformungsrichtung des Ziehgutes ausweicht.Another embodiment provides that the trough is arranged to be pivotable about an axis parallel to its course. This possibility of movement is also simple to design and allows the trough to evade the desired direction of deformation of the material to be drawn.

Wiederum nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgeschlagen, daß als Verformungselement ein Auslenkschieber vorgesehen ist, der radial gegen das Ziehgut führbar ist. Auch ein solcher Auslenkschieber ist einfach gestaltbar und einfach bewegbar und kann kraftschlüssig und damit unter ständiger gewünschter Vorlast, radial gegen das Ziehgut geführt werden. Auf diese Art und Weise wird eine sichere Auslenkung des Ziehgutes bewirkt und es gelingt gleichzeitig dadurch, daß der Auslenkschieber nur kraftschlüssig am Ziehgut anliegt, sowohl Vergrößerungen als auch Verkleinerungen des Auslenkbogens des Ziehgutes problemlos mit dem Auslenkschieber zu verfolgen.Again according to an embodiment of the invention it is proposed that a deflection slide is provided as the deformation element, which can be guided radially against the drawn material. Such a deflection slide can also be designed and moved easily and can be guided non-positively and thus under constant desired preload radially against the drawn material. In this way, a safe deflection of the material to be drawn is effected and, at the same time, the fact that the deflection slide only lies non-positively on the material to be drawn makes it easy to track both enlargements and reductions in the deflection curve of the material to be drawn with the deflection slide.

Eine weiterbildende Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß der Auslenkschieber einen mit einer Betätigungseinrichtung verbundenen Träger und mindestens ein Anlageelement für die Einwirkung auf das Ziehgut aufweist. Dies ist ebenfalls ein besonders einfacher Aufbau und es gelingt, die die Bewegung und die Kraft ausübenden Elemente von den Elementen, die direkt zur Anlage am Ziehgut kommen, zu trennen, so daß letztere den besonderen Erfordernissen des jeweiligen Ziehgutes angepaßt werden können, ohne daß gleichzeitig alle anderen Baugruppen oder Bauteile mit verändert werden müßten.A further development of the invention provides that the deflection slide has a carrier connected to an actuating device and at least one contact element for acting on the drawn material. This is also a particularly simple structure and it is possible to separate the elements which exert the movement and the force from the elements which come directly into contact with the drawing material, so that the latter can be adapted to the particular requirements of the drawing material in question, without at the same time all other assemblies or components would have to be changed.

Es ist auch nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß mindestens ein Anlageelement als ein um mindestens eine Achse rotationssymmetrischer Körper ausgebildet und um mindestens diese Achse senkrecht zur Tangente an den Berührungspunkt von Ziehgut und Anlageelement drehbar an dem Träger angeordnet ist. Es kann sich hierbei um ein oder mehrere Rollen oder Räder handeln, wodurch auf einfache Art und Weise einerseits der Biegeradius des Ziehgutes beeinflußbar ist und andererseits die Axialbewegung nicht durch unnötig große Reibung behindert wird. Außerdem kann durch die Minderung der Axialreibung eine nachteilige Beeinflussung der Oberfiächenfasem des Ziehgutes vermieden werden.It is also provided according to an embodiment of the invention that at least one contact element is designed as a body that is rotationally symmetrical about at least one axis and perpendicular to the tangent to the at least this axis Point of contact of the drawing material and the contact element is rotatably arranged on the carrier. This can be one or more rollers or wheels, whereby on the one hand the bending radius of the drawing material can be influenced in a simple manner and on the other hand the axial movement is not impeded by unnecessarily large friction. In addition, by reducing the axial friction, an adverse influence on the surface fibers of the drawn material can be avoided.

In ergänzender Ausgestaltung ist nach der Erflndung noch vorgesehen, daß als Betätigungseinrichtung eine strömungsmittelbetätigre Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit vorgesehen ist. Dies ist das einfachste Mittel eine kraftschlüssige Anlage der Bauteile, die die Auslenkung des Ziehgutes aus der Geraden bewirken, zu erzielen.In a supplementary embodiment, according to the invention it is also provided that a fluid-operated piston-cylinder unit is provided as the actuating device. This is the easiest way to achieve a positive connection of the components that cause the drawing material to deflect from the straight line.

Eine andere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Führungseinrichtung Gegenhaltestücke im Bereich des Ausgangs einer vorangehenden und im Bereich des Eingangs einer nachfolgenden Maschine aufweist Hierdurch werden die entsprechenden Führungselemente an den Maschinen, die im Bereich des Ausgangs und des Eingangs angeordnet sind, entlastet und es kann ein auch das Ziehgut selbst entlastender sanfter Übergangsbogen zum Auslenkbogen geschaffen werden.Another embodiment of the invention provides that the guide device has counter-holding pieces in the area of the exit of a preceding machine and in the area of the entrance of a subsequent machine. As a result, the corresponding guide elements on the machines which are arranged in the area of the exit and the entrance are relieved and it a smooth transition arch to the deflection arch, which also relieves the drawn material, can be created.

Eine alternative Entwicklung nach der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Führungseinrichtung als Kreisführung ausgebildet ist, die das aus einer ersten Maschine auslaufende Ziehgut in tangentialer Richtung übernimmt und nach einer Umlenkung entlang einer Kreisbogenform tangential in die nachfolgende Maschine einführt. Mit dieser Einrichtung gelingt es, aufeinander folgende Maschinen parallel zueinander anzuordnen, so daß hierdurch eine Anpassung an die jeweils zur Verfügung stehenden räumlichen Verhältnisse günstig möglich wird. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dies, wenn die Umlenkung entlang einer Kreisbogenform -um ca. 180°, erfolgt Bei vielstufigen Ziehvorgängen ist es auch möglich dann eine Maschinengruppe aus mehreren Ziehmaschinen zunächst hintereinander anzuordnen und dann über eine 1800-Umlenkung weitere Maschinen parallel anzuordnen. Die Umlenkung entlang einer Kreisbogenform um ca. 180° ist eine besonders günstige Pufferung, weil hier nahezu beliebige Geschwindigkeitsunterschiede zwischen beiden Maschinen aufgefangen werden können lediglich dadurch, daß der Bogen um 160° als Ganzes weiter von den beiden parallel zueinander stehenden Maschinen abrückt oder näher herankommt Der Bogen selbst kann hierbei unverändert bleiben.An alternative development according to the invention provides that the guide device is designed as a circular guide, which takes over the drawing material running out of a first machine in the tangential direction and, after a deflection along a circular arc shape, introduces it tangentially into the subsequent machine. With this device it is possible to arrange successive machines parallel to one another, so that an adaptation to the available spatial conditions is made possible at low cost. This is particularly advantageous if the deflection takes place along an arc of a circle - around approx. 180 °. In multi-stage drawing processes, it is also possible to arrange a machine group consisting of several drawing machines one after the other and then to arrange additional machines in parallel using a 180 ° deflection. The deflection along an arc of a circle by approx. 180 ° is a particularly advantageous buffering because almost any speed differences between the two machines can be absorbed only by moving the arc further apart or closer by 160 ° as a whole from the two parallel machines The arch itself can remain unchanged.

In ergänzender Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Führungseinrichtung im wesentlichen aus einer Zentrallagerung besteht, an welcher ein Ausleger um eine Hochachse schwenkbar gelagert angeordnet ist, wobei das freie Ende des Auslegers eine Greifeinrichtung, geeignet zur Übernahme und zur Übergabe des Ziehgutes aufweist, wobei zwei miteinander zu verbindende Ziehmaschinen derart zueinander angeordnet sind, daß ihr Ausgang bzw. ihr Eingang im Wirkbereich der Greifeinrichtung des Auslegers liegt. Auf diese Art und Weise gelingt es mit relativ einfachen Mitteln die gewünschte Auslenkung und damit die erforderliche Pufferzone zu erzeugen. Es gelingt gleichzeitig zwei Ziehmaschinen nicht nur in Reihe hintereinander miteinander zu verkoppeln, sondern sie können nunmehr auch parallel zueinander angeordnet sein.In a supplementary embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the guide device essentially consists of a central bearing, on which a boom is arranged so as to be pivotable about a vertical axis, the free end of the boom having a gripping device, suitable for taking over and transferring the drawing material, whereby two drawing machines to be connected to one another are arranged in such a way that their output or input lies in the effective range of the gripping device of the boom. In this way, the desired deflection and thus the required buffer zone can be generated with relatively simple means. At the same time, it is not only possible to couple two drawing machines with one another in a row, but they can now also be arranged parallel to one another.

Ergänzend ist daher auch nach der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß die Ziehmaschinen zueinander mit parallel verlaufender Arbeitsrichtung aufgestellt sind und daß die sie verbindende Führungseinrichtung eine Umlenkung des Ziehgutes um ca. 180° durchführt.In addition, it is therefore also proposed according to the invention that the drawing machines are set up with a working direction running parallel to one another and that the guide device connecting them deflects the drawing material by approximately 180 °.

Nach einer Weiterentwicklung ist noch vorgeschlagen, daß der Ausleger über einen zugeordneten Antrieb drehantreibbar ist. Bei Ziehgut von größerem Querschnitt ist dies nicht erforderlich. Es kann dann der Ausleger selbst, der ja zentral gelagert ist und beispielsweise auch als Rad ausgebildet sein könnte, von der Arbeitsbewegung des Ziehgutes angetrieben werden. Bei Ziehgut von geringerem Querschnitt führt dies zu Schwierigkeiten, weil dann das Ziehgut an unerwünschten Stellen ausknickt. Der Antrieb des Auslegers, der synchron zur Geschwindigkeit des ankommenden Ziehgutes den Ausleger drehen muß, sorgt daher-dafür, daß die Ausknickung an unerwünschten Stellen des Ziehgutes mit kleinerem Querschnitt verhindert wird.According to a further development, it is also proposed that the boom can be driven in rotation via an associated drive. This is not necessary for drawn material with a larger cross-section. The boom itself, which is centrally mounted and could also be designed as a wheel, for example, can then be driven by the working movement of the drawing material. With drawn material of smaller cross section, this leads to difficulties because the drawn material then buckles at undesired points. The drive of the boom, which must rotate the boom synchronously with the speed of the drawing material, therefore ensures that the buckling is prevented at undesired locations on the drawing material with a smaller cross-section.

Es ist schließlich nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung noch vorgesehen, daß mehr .als zwei Ziehmaschinen über Führungseinrichtungen miteinander verkettet sind. Auf diese Art und Weise gelingt es, einen Ziehvorgang in beliebig viele Stufen zu unterteilen und dennoch einen ununterbrochenen ArbeitsprozeB herzustellen durch Verkettung aller Ziehmaschinen miteinander. Eine Unterbrechung des Ziehprozesses ist nicht mehr erforderlich.Finally, it is provided according to an embodiment of the invention that more than two drawing machines are linked to one another via guide devices. In this way it is possible to divide a drawing process into any number of stages and still create an uninterrupted work process by linking all drawing machines together. It is no longer necessary to interrupt the drawing process.

Die Erfindung soll nun anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen, die Ausführungsbeispiele zeigen, näher erläutert werden.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1 perspektivische Darstellung einer Verkopplung von zwei Ziehmaschinen mit einer zwischengeschalteten Führungseinrichtung Figur 2 ausschnittsweise Schnitt entlang der Linie A-A nach Figur 1
  • Figur 3 Draufsicht auf eine Anlage nach Figur 1, jedoch mit veränderter Führungseinrichtung
  • Figur 4 Draufsicht auf zwei parallel angeordnete Ziehmaschinen mit Führungseinrichtung zur Kreisbogenführung des Ziehguts
  • Figur 5 Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils B nach Figur 4
  • Figur 6 Ansicht wie Figur 3, jedoch in der Verkettung von mehr als zwei Ziehmaschinen
  • Figur 7 Anlage mit zwei Gruppen von Ziehmaschinen, verkettet mit unterschiedlichen Führungseinrichtungen
  • Figur 8 sechsstufige Anlage, verkettet mit unterschiedlichen Führungseinrichtungen
Show it :
  • 1 shows a perspective view of a coupling of two drawing machines with an interposed guide device. FIG. 2 shows a section along the line AA according to FIG. 1
  • Figure 3 plan view of a system according to Figure 1, but with a modified guide device
  • Figure 4 top view of two drawing machines arranged in parallel with a guide device for circular arc guidance of the drawing material
  • Figure 5 view in the direction of arrow B of Figure 4
  • Figure 6 View like Figure 3, but in the chain of more than two drawing machines
  • Figure 7 plant with two groups of drawing machines, linked with different guide devices
  • Figure 8 six-stage system, chained to below different management facilities

In Figur ` 1 ist eine Anlage dargestellt, in welcher zwei Ziehmaschinen 1 mittels einer Führungseinrichtung 2 miteinander verkettet sind. Die Arbeitsrichtung der solcherart zusammengestellten Anlage ist durch den Pfeil 23 gekennzeichnet. Das Ziehgut 7 wird somit in Richtung des Pfeiles 23 weitertransportiert. Hierbei wird das Ziehgut 7 beispielsweise in einer ersten Ziehstufe von der links von der Führungseinrichtung 2 angeordneten Ziehmaschine 1 im Geradeausziehverfahren bearbeitet und tritt am Ausgang 12 dieser Ziehmaschine in Geradeausrichtung aus.FIG. 1 shows a system in which two drawing machines 1 are linked to one another by means of a guide device 2. The working direction of the system assembled in this way is indicated by arrow 23. The drawn material 7 is thus transported in the direction of arrow 23. Here, the drawn material 7 is processed, for example, in a first drawing stage by the drawing machine 1 arranged to the left of the guide device 2 in a straight-line drawing process and exits in a straight-line direction at the exit 12 of this drawing machine.

Ein Bett 35 der Führungseinrichtung 2 trägt, in gerader Richtung des ausfließenden Ziehgutes 7 ausgerichtet, eine V-förmige Rinne 30, die, nach oben offen, dort gelagert ist. Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist als Winkel zwischen den beiden Schenkeln der Rinne ein Winkel von 90° gewählt. Durch diese V-förmige Rinne kann geradeaus das Ziehgut 7 hindurchfließen und wird hierbei von dieser Rinne geradeaus geführt und in den Eingang 13 der rechts in der Anlage angeordneten Ziehmaschine 1 eingefädelt. Im vorderen Bereich des Ziehgutes 7 ist in bekannter Weise eine sogen. Angel vorgesehen, die durch die Ziehdüse 29 hindurchtritt, so daß an dieser üblichen Angel das Ziehgut 7 von dem Ziehschlitten 22 zunächst übernommen werden kann. Wenn das Ziehgut 7 den gesamten Weg von der linken Maschine durch die V-förmige Rinne bis zur Ziehdüse 29 der rechten Ziehmaschine 1 zurückgelegt hat, ist die Angel am Anfang des Ziehgutes so, daß der Ziehschlitten 22 die Angel zur Einleitung des Ziehprozesses erfassen kann. Es wird daher auch sofort die durch die Ziehdüse 29 hindurchtretende Angel von dem Ziehschlitten 22 erfaßt. Da jedoch in der Ziehdüse 29 eine Querschnittsverminderung des Ziehgutes eintritt, wird von der linken Ziehmaschine der rechten Ziehmaschine mehr Ziehgut 7 angeboten, als von dem Ziehschlitten 22 durch die Ziehdüse 29 hindurchgezogen werden kann. Erschwerend kommt während des Beginnes des Ziehprozesses noch hinzu, daß, bevor an der rechten Ziehmaschine 1 ein kontinuierlicher Ziehbetrieb einsetzen kann, zunächst der Ziehschlitten 22 in mehreren, eingangs zum Stand der Technik bereits beschriebenen Schritten, das Ziehgut nachfassen muß, so daß während des Nachfassens ein vollständiger Stillstand des Ziehgutes in der rechten Ziehmaschine 1 eintritt. Die linke Ziehmaschine dieser Anlage nach Figur 1 arbeitet jedoch indessen kontinuierlich weiter und so würde es ohne besondere Maßnahmen zur Ausknickung und Zerstörung sowohl des Ziehgutes 7, als in dessen Gefolge auch mindestens der nachgeordneten Ziehmaschine kommen. Die Führungseinrichtung 2 beseitigt dieses Problem. Hierzu ist im Verlauf der V-förmigen Rinne 30 etwa im mittleren Bereich des Abstandes zwischen dem Ausgang 12 der linken Maschine und dem Eingang 13 der rechten Ziehmaschine eine Unterbrechung 31 vorgesehen. In diesem Bereich weist das Bett 35 einen Ausleger 36 auf, auf dem ein Verformungselement 21 angeordnet ist. Dieses Verformungselement 21 ist auf der oberen Bettebene in radialer Richtung zum Ziehgut verschiebbar und kann beispielsweise eine Lage einnehmen, die in Figur 1 gestrichelt dargestellt ist. Wird das Verformungselement 21 radial verschoben, so wird hierdurch das Ziehgut 7 entsprechend verformt, also aus seiner geraden Richtung ausgelenkt. Hierzu kann bei vorbeschriebener Anordnung die V-förmige Rinne 30 um eine Achse 32 (Figur 2) geschwenkt werden, so daß die als Führung gedachte V-förmige Rinne 30 einer Auslenkung des Ziehgutes 7 nicht mehr hinderlich entgegen steht Zur Durchführung der Auslenkung des Ziehgutes wird das Verformungselement 21 mit der notwendigen Kraft radial gegen das Ziehgut 7 gefahren. Diese Kraft kann erzeugt werden beispielsweise von einer strömungsmittelbetätigten Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 19 (Figur 2), die das Verformungselement 21 bei entsprechender Schaltung in Richtung des Pfeiles 37 und umgekehrt mit der notwendigen Kraft bewegt. Die Kraft der Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 19 ist hierbei so bemessen, daß zwar eine Auslenkung des Ziehgutes bewirkt, nicht aber der ZiehprozeB selbst hiervon in unzulässiger Weise beeinflußt wird. Zur Betätigung ist hierbei die Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 19 über die Leitungen 40 und 41 und über das Ventil 39 mit einer Pumpeneinheit 38 bzw. dem Tank 42 verbunden. In der dargestellten Schaltlage des Ventils 39 wird die Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 19 mittels der Pumpeneinheit 38 über die Leitung 40 mit Druckmedium versorgt, das dafür sorgt, daß die Kolbenstange der Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit ausfährt und daher eine Bewegung des Verformungselementes 21 in Richtung des Pfeils 37 erfolgt, da die Kolbenstange der Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 19 mit dem Verformungselement 21 in der in Figur 2 dargestellten Weise oder in einer sonstigen geeigneten Weise verbunden ist. Der Zylinder der Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit stützt sich hierbei vorzugsweise am Bett 35 der Führungseinrichtung 2 ab. Das auf der Kolbenstangenseite der Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 19 aus dem Zylinderraum verdrängte Strömungsmittel wandert über die Leitung 41 und wiederum durch das Ventil 39 hindurch in den Tank 42. Hierbei kann ein regelbares Gegendruckventil 43 dafür sorgen, daß der Kolben der Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 19 hydraulisch eingespannt bleibt. Eine Bewegung der Kolbenstange der Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 19 in umgekehrter Richtung wird dadurch erreicht, daß das Ventil 39 in die zweite Schaltstellung gefahren wird.A bed 35 of the guide device 2 carries, aligned in the straight direction of the outflowing drawing material 7, a V-shaped channel 30 which, open at the top, is supported there. In the exemplary embodiment, an angle of 90 ° is chosen as the angle between the two legs of the channel. The drawn material 7 can flow straight through this V-shaped channel and is guided by this channel straight ahead and threaded into the input 13 of the drawing machine 1 arranged on the right in the system. In the front area of the drawing material 7 is a so-called. Angel is provided, which passes through the drawing nozzle 29, so that the drawing material 7 can first be taken over by the drawing carriage 22 on this conventional fishing rod. When the drawing material 7 has traveled all the way from the left machine through the V-shaped channel to the drawing nozzle 29 of the right drawing machine 1, the hinge at the beginning of the drawing material is such that the drawing carriage 22 can grip the hinge to initiate the drawing process. Therefore, the tang passing through the drawing nozzle 29 is immediately gripped by the drawing slide 22. However, since there is a reduction in the cross section of the drawing material in the drawing nozzle 29, more drawing material 7 is offered by the left drawing machine to the right drawing machine than can be pulled through the drawing nozzle 29 by the drawing slide 22. To make matters worse, at the beginning of the drawing process, before a continuous drawing operation can start on the right drawing machine 1, the drawing carriage 22 must first follow up on the drawing material in several steps already described at the outset of the prior art, so that during the follow-up a complete standstill of the drawing material occurs in the right drawing machine 1. However, the left-hand drawing machine of this system according to FIG. 1 continues to operate continuously, and so there would be no special measures for buckling and destruction of both the drawing material 7 and, as a result, at least the downstream drawing machine. The guide device 2 eliminates this problem. For this purpose, an interruption 31 is provided in the course of the V-shaped channel 30 approximately in the central region of the distance between the outlet 12 of the left machine and the inlet 13 of the right drawing machine. In this area, the bed 35 has a cantilever 36 on which a deformation element 21 is arranged. This deformation element 21 is displaceable on the upper bed level in the radial direction of the drawn material and can for example assume a position which is shown in broken lines in FIG. 1. If the deformation element 21 is displaced radially, the drawing material 7 is thereby correspondingly deformed, that is to say deflected from its straight direction. For this purpose, with the arrangement described above, the V-shaped channel 30 can be pivoted about an axis 32 (FIG. 2), so that the V-shaped channel 30, which is intended as a guide, is no longer an obstacle to deflection of the drawing material 7 the deformation element 21 moved radially against the drawing material 7 with the necessary force. This force can be generated, for example, by a fluid-actuated piston-cylinder unit 19 (FIG. 2), which moves the deformation element 21 with the appropriate force in the direction of arrow 37 and vice versa. The force of the piston-cylinder unit 19 is dimensioned in such a way that, although it causes deflection of the drawing material, the drawing process itself is not adversely affected by this. For actuation, the piston-cylinder unit 19 is connected to a pump unit 38 or the tank 42 via the lines 40 and 41 and via the valve 39. In the illustrated switching position of the valve 39, the piston-cylinder unit 19 is supplied with pressure medium by means of the pump unit 38 via the line 40, which ensures that the piston rod of the piston-cylinder unit extends and therefore a movement of the deformation element 21 in the direction of arrow 37 takes place because the piston rod of the piston-cylinder unit 19 is connected to the deformation element 21 in the manner shown in FIG. 2 or in another suitable manner. The cylinder of the piston-cylinder unit is preferably supported on the bed 35 of the guide device 2. The fluid displaced from the cylinder space on the piston rod side of the piston-cylinder unit 19 travels via the line 41 and again through the valve 39 into the tank 42. A controllable counterpressure valve 43 can ensure that the piston of the piston-cylinder Unit 19 remains hydraulically clamped. A movement of the piston rod of the piston-cylinder unit 19 in the opposite direction is achieved in that the valve 39 is moved into the second switching position.

Um eine Behinderung des Ziehgutes während der Verformung durch die V-förmige Rinne 30 zu vermeiden, wird diese um die Achse 32 geschwenkt und nimmt die in Figur 2 dargestellte gestrichelte Lage ein.In order to avoid obstruction of the drawn material during the deformation by the V-shaped channel 30, this is pivoted about the axis 32 and assumes the dashed position shown in FIG. 2.

Um eine unerwünschte Verformung des Ziehgutes im Ausgangsbereich 12 bzw. im Eingangsbereich 13 der jeweiligen Ziehmaschine 1 infolge der Betätigung des Verformungselementes 21 zu verhindern, können in den genannten Bereichen noch Gegenhaltestücke 17 bzw. 18 vorgesehen sein, die eine bestimmte und gewünschte Kontur des Ziehgutes 7 in diesem Bereich erzwingen. Darüber hinaus kann die gesamte Anlage 24 noch mit einer Einrichtung 44 ausgerüstet sein, die die Größe der Radialverformung des Ziehgutes 7 überprüft und ein entsprechendes Signal abgibt. Hierdurch wird es möglich, die Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten der Ziehmaschinen 1 der Anlage 24 in Abhängigkeit von der Größe der radialen Durchbiegung des Ziehgutes so zu regeln, daß immer ein störungsfreier Materialfluß gewährleistet ist Unzulässige Geschwindigkeitsunterschiede in der Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit der Maschinen einer Anlage können verhindert werden. Dies ist ein besonders wichtiger Gesichtspunkt, der auch dann vorteilhaft ist, wenn beispielsweise die Ziehmaschinen einer Anlage durch einen Austausch der Ziehdüsen 29 umgerüstet werden für die Bearbeitung jeweils wechselnder Querschnitte des Ziehgutes. Die Anpassung der Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten der Maschinen aufeinander kann dann mit Hilfe der Einrichtung 44 automatisch erfolgen. Hierzu kann beispielsweise ein Stößel 45 radial von außen gegen das Ziehgut 7 geführt sein. Stößel 45 ist radial beweglich und steht unter der Vorlast einer Feder 46. Die Bewegungen des Stößels 45 in radialer Richtung werden von einem elektronischen Weggeber 47, beispielsweise in der Form eines handelsüblichen Linearweggebers, gemessen, wobei die Impulse des Weggebers 47 an einen Rechner 48 weitergeleitet werden, der seinerseits seine Rechenergebnisse an eine geeignete Anzeigeeinrichtung 49 weitergibt Die Anzeigeeinrichtung 49 kann auch entfallen und statt dessen werden die Werte des Rechners 48 einer hierfür geeigneten Regeleinrichtung zur Abstimmung der Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten der Ziehmaschinen einer Anlage verwertet. Da der Aufbau eines Regelkreises grundsätzlich bekannt ist, muß hierauf nicht näher eingegangen werden.In order to prevent undesired deformation of the drawn material in the exit area 12 or in the entrance area 13 of the respective drawing machine 1 as a result of the actuation of the deformation element 21, counter-holding pieces 17 and 18 can be provided in the areas mentioned, which have a specific and desired contour force the drawing material 7 in this area. In addition, the entire system 24 can also be equipped with a device 44 which checks the size of the radial deformation of the drawing material 7 and emits a corresponding signal. This makes it possible to regulate the working speeds of the drawing machines 1 of the system 24 as a function of the size of the radial deflection of the drawing material in such a way that an undisturbed material flow is always ensured. Inadmissible speed differences in the operating speed of the machines in a system can be prevented. This is a particularly important point of view, which is also advantageous if, for example, the drawing machines of a plant are converted by exchanging the drawing nozzles 29 for the processing of changing cross-sections of the drawing material. The adaptation of the working speeds of the machines to one another can then take place automatically with the aid of the device 44. For this purpose, for example, a plunger 45 can be guided radially from the outside against the drawn material 7. Tappet 45 is radially movable and is under the preload of a spring 46. The movements of the tappet 45 in the radial direction are measured by an electronic displacement sensor 47, for example in the form of a commercially available linear displacement sensor, the impulses of the displacement sensor 47 being forwarded to a computer 48 , which in turn forwards its calculation results to a suitable display device 49. The display device 49 can also be omitted and instead the values of the computer 48 of a control device suitable for this purpose are used to coordinate the working speeds of the drawing machines of a system. Since the structure of a control loop is fundamentally known, there is no need to go into this in detail.

Es ist auch möglich bei einer Anlage 24 die Schwenkbarkeit und auch die Schwenkung der V-förmigen Rinne 30 zu vermeiden, indem man das Bett 35 der Führungseinrichtung 2 um 90° gegenüber der Darstellung in Figur 1 schwenkt, so daß das Verformungselement 21 dann von unten nach oben verfahrbar ist und damit das Ziehgut 7 aus der V-förmigen Rinne 30, die ihre Position beibehalten soll, bei Durchführung des Auslenkvorganges heraushebt Hierzu reicht auch, je nach Winkelgestaltung und Winkellage der V-förmigen Rinne 30, ein Schwenkwinkel für das Bett 35 von weniger als 90°. Insgesamt zeigt die Anlage 24 eine funktionsfähige Verkettung von zwei Zieheinrichtungen, von denen mindestens die in Arbeitsrichtung rechts liegende Zieheinrichtung eine solche zum Geradeausziehen istIt is also possible to prevent the pivoting and also the pivoting of the V-shaped channel 30 in a system 24 by pivoting the bed 35 of the guide device 2 by 90 ° with respect to the illustration in FIG. 1, so that the deformation element 21 then from below can be moved upwards and thus the drawn material 7 lifts out of the V-shaped groove 30, which is intended to maintain its position, when the deflection process is carried out, depending on the angular configuration and angular position of the V-shaped groove 30, a swivel angle for the bed 35 is also sufficient of less than 90 °. Overall, the system 24 shows a functional interlinking of two pulling devices, of which at least the pulling device lying on the right in the working direction is one for pulling straight

Anlagen wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, können durchaus : mehrfach hintereinander gekoppelt werden, so daß eine Anlage 25 nach Figur 6 entsteht. Auch bei der Anlage 25 nach Figur 6 ist es durchaus möglich, Führungseinrichtungen 2 nach Figur 1 zu verwenden. Aus Gründen der weiteren Erläuterung sind jedoch in der Anlage 25 leicht abgewandelte Führungseinrichtungen 3 als Verkettungsmittel zwischen den einzelnen Ziehmaschinen 1 eingesetzt worden. Eine solche Führungseinrichtung 3 ist deutlicher dargestellt in Figur 3. Figur 3 zeigt eine Anlage des Aufbaus nach Figur 1, jedoch mit der veränderten Führungseinrichtung 3.Systems as shown in FIG. 1 can be: coupled several times in succession, so that a system 25 according to FIG. 6 is created. In the system 25 according to FIG. 6 it is also entirely possible to use guide devices 2 according to FIG. 1. For reasons of further explanation, however, slightly modified guide devices 3 have been used in the system 25 as linking means between the individual drawing machines 1. Such a guide device 3 is shown more clearly in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 shows a system of the structure according to FIG. 1, but with the modified guide device 3.

Auf einem Bett 50, das eine ähnliche Funktion erfüllt wie das Bett 35 nach Figur 1, ist als Verformungselement 20, in ähnlicher Weise verschieblich wie das Verformungselement 21 ein Träger 33 in Richtung des Pfeiles 55. Auf dem Träger 33 sind entlang einer Kreislinie Anlageelemente 34 in der Form von drehbaren Rollen befestigt. Im mittleren Bereich sind hierbei in sich gegenüberliegender Anordnung zwei Rollen 34 vorgesehen, zwischen denen das Ziehgut 7 hindurchgeführt ist. In Figur 3 markiert hierbei die Stellung I des Trägers 33 die Ausgangsposition und die Stellung 11 des Trägers 33 die zulässige Endposition. Hierbei erfüllen die auf dem Bett 50 angeordneten Gegenhaltestücke 51 und 52 die gleiche Funktion wie die Gegenhaltestücke 17 und 18 nach Figur 1. Die Gegenhaftestücke 51 und 52 weisen jedoch als Elemente zur Führung des Ziehgutes 7 nicht näher bezeichnete Rollen auf, in ähnlicher Anordnung wie die Rollen 34, die auf dem Träger 33 angeordnet sind.On a bed 50, which fulfills a function similar to that of the bed 35 according to FIG. 1, a support 33 can be displaced as a deformation element 20, in a manner similar to the deformation element 21, in the direction of arrow 55. On the support 33 there are contact elements 34 along a circular line attached in the form of rotatable rollers. In the middle region, two rollers 34 are provided in an opposing arrangement, between which the drawing material 7 is passed. In FIG. 3, position I of carrier 33 marks the starting position and position 11 of carrier 33 the permissible end position. Here, the counter-holding pieces 51 and 52 arranged on the bed 50 fulfill the same function as the counter-holding pieces 17 and 18 according to FIG. 1. However, the counter-holding pieces 51 and 52, as elements for guiding the drawing material 7, have roles which are not specified in a similar arrangement to that Rollers 34 which are arranged on the carrier 33.

Die auf dem Träger 33 angeordneten Rollen 34 könnten in einer abweichenden Ausbildung auch durch ein Rad 53 (gestrichelt markiert) ersetzt werden, das auf einem entsprechend vergrößerten Träger 33 um die Achse 54 (gestrichelt markiert) drehbar gelagert wäre.In a different embodiment, the rollers 34 arranged on the carrier 33 could also be replaced by a wheel 53 (marked with a dashed line) which would be rotatably mounted on a correspondingly enlarged carrier 33 about the axis 54 (marked with a dashed line).

Die zu Figur 3 beschriebene gesamte Führungseinrichtung 3 kann im übrigen ebenso aufgebaut sein wie die Führungseinrichtung 2 nach Figur 1. Es ist daher auf die nähere Beschreibung beispielsweise der V-förmigen Rinne 30 nach Figur 1, die auch bei einer Führungseinrichtung nach Figur 3 vorgesehen sein kann, verzichtet. Gleiches gilt für die mögliche Schwenklage des Bettes 50.The entire guide device 3 described for FIG. 3 can also be constructed in the same way as the guide device 2 according to FIG. 1. It is therefore based on the detailed description, for example, of the V-shaped channel 30 according to FIG. 1, which is also provided for a guide device according to FIG can, waives. The same applies to the possible pivoting position of the bed 50.

Eine Führungseinrichtung nach Figur 3 hat den Vorteil, daß alle Führungselemente für das Ziehgut 7 eine Wälzbewegung durchführen, so daß eine Reibung zwischen dem Ziehgut und den entsprechenden Führungselementen weitgehend verhindert werden kann.A guide device according to FIG. 3 has the advantage that all guide elements for the drawing material 7 carry out a rolling movement, so that friction between the drawing material and the corresponding guide elements can be largely prevented.

Einen anderen Aufbau einer Führungseinrichtung stellt die Führungseinrichtung 4 nach den Figuren 4 und 5 dar. Eine Führungseinrichtung dieser Art ermöglicht es, Ziehmaschinen 1 z. B. in Parallelanordnung zueinander miteinander zu verketten. Bei einer solchen Führungseinrichtung 4 wird eine Zentrallagerung 8 in Form einer Säule um eine Hochachse 9 gebildet und auf dieser Säule ein Ausleger 5 um die Hochachse 9 drehbar gelagert. Im Ausführungsbeispiel wird der Ausleger 5 von einem Antrieb 6 drehangetrieben. Der Ausleger 5 weist an seinem freien Ende 10 eine Greifeinrichtung 11 auf. In der in Figur 4 dargestellten Lage kann die Greifeinrichtung 11 des Auslegers 5 das aus dem Ausgang 12 einer ersten Ziehmaschine 1 austretende Ziehgut 7 greifen und durch seine Drehbewegung um die Hochachse 9 kreisbogenförmig rund führen. Das Ziehgut 7 tritt hierbei in tangentialer Richtung 14 zu seiner kreisbogenförmigen Umlenkung in die Greifeinrichtung 11 des Auslegers 5 ein.Another structure of a guide device is represented by the guide device 4 according to FIGS. 4 and 5. A guide device of this type makes it possible to pull machines 1 z. B. in parallel to each other. In such a guide device 4, a central bearing 8 is formed in the form of a column about a vertical axis 9 and a boom 5 is rotatably mounted on the column about the vertical axis 9. In the exemplary embodiment, the boom 5 is driven in rotation by a drive 6. The boom 5 has a gripping device 11 at its free end 10. In the position shown in FIG. 4, the gripping device 11 of the boom 5 can grip the drawing material 7 emerging from the outlet 12 of a first drawing machine 1 and by its rotary movement around the Hochach Guide 9 in a circular arc. The drawn material 7 enters the gripping device 11 of the boom 5 in the tangential direction 14 for its circular deflection.

Ist nun der Ausleger 5 etwa um 180° geschwenkt, so ist der-Anfang des Ziehgutes 7 in tangentialer Richtung 16 zur kreisbogenförmigen Umlenkung in den Eingang 13 der nächsten Ziehmaschine 1 eingeführt, so daß die Angel des Ziehgutes 7 vom Ziehschlitten 22 erfaßt werden kann. Die Umlenkrichtung und die Arbeitsrichtung ist hierbei so wie Pfeil 15 in Figur 4 andeutet. Mittels der Führungseinrichtung 4 kann so eine Anlage 28 gebildet werden, bei denen die einzelnen parallel zueinander angeordneten Ziehmaschinen vorteilhafterweise so angeordnet werden können, daß ihre Bedienungsseiten einander zugekehrt sind, so daß beide Maschinen von einer einzigen Bedienungsperson bedient werden können. Die kreisbogenförmige Umlenkung des Ziehgutes zwischen Austritt und Eintritt der beiden Maschinen der Anlage 28 ist sehr einfach herstellbar und sehr einfach beherrschbar, weil eine höhere Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit der ersten Maschine einfach abgefangen wird durch eine Auswärtsverschiebung des beide Maschinen verkettenden Kreisbogens des Ziehgutes 7, wie dies in Figur 4 gestrichelt dargestellt ist Bei bestimmten Eigenschaften des Ziehgutes 7 kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn die einmal hergestellte Kreisbogenform des Ziehgutes 7 von einer Leiteinrichtung 56 aufrechterhalten wird auch dann, wenn der Kreisbogen des Ziehgutes 7 radial weiter nach außen wandert. Es ist je nach Eigenschaft des Ziehgutes 7 dann vorteilhaft, wenn die. Leiteinrichtung 56 unter leichter Vorlast gegen das Ziehgut angedrückt ist und mit dem Kreisbogen des Ziehgutes ständig mitwandert, so daß eine saubere Umlenkung des Ziehgutes ständig erhalten bleibt. Die Gefahr von unerwünschten Verformungen und Ausknickungen bei besonders labilem Ziehgut kann damit beseitigt werden.If the boom 5 is now pivoted about 180 °, the beginning of the drawing good 7 is introduced in the tangential direction 16 for the circular deflection into the input 13 of the next drawing machine 1, so that the tang of the drawing good 7 can be gripped by the drawing slide 22. The direction of deflection and the working direction is indicated here as arrow 15 in FIG. 4. By means of the guide device 4, a system 28 can be formed in which the individual drawing machines arranged parallel to one another can advantageously be arranged in such a way that their operating sides face one another, so that both machines can be operated by a single operator. The circular deflection of the drawn material between the outlet and the inlet of the two machines of the system 28 is very easy to manufacture and very easy to control, because a higher working speed of the first machine is simply intercepted by an outward displacement of the circular arc of the drawn material 7 that links the two machines, as shown in FIG 4 is shown in dashed lines. With certain properties of the drawing good 7, it can be advantageous if the circular arc shape of the drawing good 7, once produced, is maintained by a guide device 56 even if the circular arc of the drawn good 7 moves radially further outward. It is then advantageous depending on the property of the drawing material 7 if the. Guide device 56 is pressed against the drawing material under a slight preload and constantly moves with the circular arc of the drawing material, so that a clean deflection of the drawing material is constantly maintained. The risk of undesired deformations and buckling in the case of particularly unstable drawn goods can thus be eliminated.

Es ist auch in Abhängigkeit von den mechanischen Eigenschaften des Ziehgutes denkbar, daß der Antrieb 6 der Führungseinrichtung 4 entfallen kann, weil ja das sich bewegende Ziehgut selbst den Antrieb des Auslegers 5 bewirken kann.Depending on the mechanical properties of the drawing material, it is also conceivable that the drive 6 of the guide device 4 can be omitted, because the moving drawing material itself can drive the boom 5.

In den Figuren 7 und 8 sind Anlagen 26 und 27 schematisch dargestellt, die unterschiedliche Anordnungen und Verkettungen der Geradeausziehmaschinen deutlich machen. Mit den beiden unterschiedlichen Führungseinrichtungen 2 bzw. 3 sowie 4 gelingt es, die einzelnen Ziehmaschinen sowohl in Reihe hintereinander als auch in Parallelanordnung zueinander oder in parallelen Reihen zueinander zu verketten. Figur 7 zeigt hierbei eine Anlage 26, die aus zwei Dreiergruppen besteht, von denen jeweils zwei Maschinen parallel zueinander und zwei Maschinen in Reihe hintereinander angeordnet sind. Diese Anordnung hat den Vorteil, daß jeweils drei Maschinen von einer einzigen Bedienungsperson bedient werden können. Die Anlage 26 erlaubt es somit, sechs Ziehmaschinen mit nur zwei Bedienem zu bedienen. Hierzu ist bei beiden Gruppen jeweils eine Führungseinrichtung 4 und eine Führungseinrichtung . 3 bzw. 2 erforderlich.In FIGS. 7 and 8, systems 26 and 27 are shown schematically, which make clear the different arrangements and linkages of the straight-pulling machines. With the two different guide devices 2 or 3 and 4 it is possible to link the individual drawing machines both in series one behind the other and in a parallel arrangement to one another or in parallel rows to one another. Figure 7 shows a system 26, which consists of two groups of three, of which two machines are arranged parallel to each other and two machines in a row one behind the other. This arrangement has the advantage that three machines can be operated by a single operator. The system 26 thus allows six drawing machines to be operated with only two operators. For this purpose, a guide device 4 and a guide device are provided in each of the two groups. 3 or 2 required.

Bei der Anlage 27 nach Figur 8 sind sechs Maschinen hintereinander miteinander verkettet, die ebenfalls von zwei Bedienem bedient werden können. Die Anlage 27 erlaubt es somit einen sechsstufigen Ziehvorgang ohne Unterbrechung durchzuführen. Hierzu sind auf der linken Seite der Figur 8 zwei Ziehmaschinen über eine Führungseinrichtung 4 miteinander verkettet, so daß diese beiden Maschinen parallel zueinander angeordnet sind. Die Arbeitsrichtung sei hierbei so wie Pfeil 57 in Figur 8 angibt. Der zweiten parallel verketteten Maschine folgt in Linie eine weitere Maschine, die über eine Führungseinrichtung 3 in Geradeausverkettung mit der vorangehenden Maschine verbunden ist Auch die nachfolgende Ziehmaschine (also vierte Stufe) ist zu der vorangehenden Maschine geradeausverkettet über eine Führungseinrichtung 3. Dieser Maschine schließt sich jedoch als fünfte Stufe eine weitere Ziehmaschine in Parallelanordnung an, die daher über eine Führungseinrichtung 4 mit der vorangehenden Maschine verkettet sein muß. Als sechste Stufe folgt dann wieder eine geradeausverkettete Maschine, die daher zur vorangehenden Maschine wieder mit einer Führungseinrichtung 3 verkettet sein kann. Es ist hierbei zu sehen, daß es nicht nur gelingt Einzelmaschinen in Parallelanordnung zu verketten, sondern daß auch eine Reihe geradeausverketteter Maschinen zu einer weiteren Reihe geradeausverketteter Maschinen parallel angeordnet werden kann. Die beschriebenen unterschiedlichen Verkettungseinrichtungen erlauben daher eine optimale Platzausnutzung und eine unterbrechungslose Verkettung beliebig vieler Ziehmaschinen hintereinander, so daß auf günstigste Art und Weise Ziehanlagen mit Geradeausziehmaschihen und beliebiger Anzahl von Ziehstufen gebildet werden können. Es ist damit erstmals gelungen beliebige Anzahlen von Geradeausziehmaschinen miteinander zu verketten so daß sie hintereinander arbeiten können, ohne daß hierzu der Ziehvorgang unterbrochen werden müßte und es ist gleichzeitig gelungen die Art der Verkettung so zu gestalten, daß alle Maschinen außerordentlich - platzgünstig zueinander angeordnet werden können, wobei diese günstige Anordnung darüber hinaus erlaubt, daß mehrere Maschinen einer Anlage von nur einer Bedienungsperson bedient werden können. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren als solches ist natürlich für alle ziehfähigen Querschnitte des Ziehgutes anwendbar.In the system 27 according to FIG. 8, six machines are chained together, which can also be operated by two operators. The system 27 thus allows a six-stage drawing process to be carried out without interruption. For this purpose, two drawing machines are linked together on the left side of FIG. 8 via a guide device 4, so that these two machines are arranged parallel to one another. The working direction is as indicated by arrow 57 in FIG. 8. The second machine, which is linked in parallel, is followed in line by another machine which is connected in a straight line to the preceding machine via a guide device 3. The subsequent drawing machine (i.e. fourth stage) is also linked in a straight line to the preceding machine via a guide device 3. However, this machine closes as a fifth stage another drawing machine in a parallel arrangement, which must therefore be linked to the preceding machine via a guide device 4. The sixth stage is followed by a straight-chained machine, which can therefore be chained to the preceding machine again with a guide device 3. It can be seen here that it is not only possible to link individual machines in a parallel arrangement, but also that a row of straight-chain machines can be arranged in parallel with a further row of straight-chain machines. The different interlinking devices described therefore allow optimum use of space and uninterrupted interlinking of any number of drawing machines one after the other, so that drawing systems with straight-line drawing machines and any number of drawing stages can be formed in the most favorable manner. For the first time, it was possible to link any number of straight-line drawing machines with one another so that they can work in succession without having to interrupt the drawing process, and at the same time it was possible to design the type of chaining in such a way that all machines can be arranged in an extremely space-saving manner , This favorable arrangement also allows that several machines in a system can be operated by only one operator. The method according to the invention as such can of course be used for all drawable cross sections of the drawn goods.

Liste der verwendeten BezugszeichenList of the reference symbols used

  • 1 Ziehmaschine1 drawing machine
  • 2 Führungseinrichtung2 guide device
  • 3 Führungseinrichtung3 guide device
  • 4 Führungseinrichtung4 guide device
  • 5 Ausleger5 outriggers
  • 6 Antrieb6 drive
  • 7 Ziehgut7 drawn material
  • 8 Zentrallagerung8 central storage
  • 9 Hochachse9 vertical axis
  • 10 freies Ende Ausleger10 free end boom
  • 11 Greifeinrichtung11 gripping device
  • 12 Ausgang12 exit
  • 13 Eingang13 entrance
  • 14 tangentiale Richtung14 tangential direction
  • 15 Umlenkung15 deflection
  • 16 tangentiale Richtung16 tangential direction
  • 17 Gegenhaltestück17 counterpart
  • 18 Gegenhaltestück18 counterpart
  • 19 Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit19 piston-cylinder unit
  • 20 Verformungselement20 deformation element
  • 21 Verformungselement21 deformation element
  • 22 Ziehschlitten22 pulling sledges
  • 23 Arbeitsrichtung23 working direction
  • 24 Anlage24 Appendix
  • 25 Anlage25 Appendix
  • 26 Anlage26 Appendix
  • 27 Anlage27 Appendix
  • 28 Anlage28 Appendix
  • 29 Ziehdüse29 drawing nozzle
  • 30 Rinne30 gutter
  • 31 Unterbrechung31 interruption
  • 32 Achse32 axis
  • 33 Träger33 carriers
  • 34 Anlageelement34 contact element
  • 35 Bett35 bed
  • 36 Ausleger36 outriggers
  • 37 Pfeil37 arrow
  • 38 Pumpeneinheit38 pump unit
  • 39 Ventil39 valve
  • 40 Leitung40 line
  • 41 Leitung41 line
  • 42 Tank42 tank
  • 43 Gegendruckventil43 back pressure valve
  • 44 Einrichtung44 Setup
  • 45 Stößel45 pestles
  • 46 Feder46 spring
  • 47 Weggeber47 encoder
  • 48 Rechner48 computers
  • 49 Anzeigeeinrichtung49 Display device
  • 50 Bett50 bed
  • 51 Gegenhaltestück51 counterpart
  • 52 Gegenhaltestück52 counterpart
  • 53 Rad53 wheel
  • 54 Achse54 axis
  • 55 Pfeil55 arrow
  • 56 Leiteinrichtung56 control device
  • 57 Pfeil57 arrow

Claims (17)

1. Method for the straight drawing of elongate material (7) of prismatic cross-section, with solid or hollow cross-section, in order to reduce the cross-section in at least two drawing steps, in which at least the second drawing step is carried out on a drawing device (1) with intermittently operating and linearly moving drawing carriage (22), and in which the material (7) is continuously drawn through drawing nozzles (29) which are associated with the drawing devices (1) and which are stationary relative to the drawing devices, but is drawn intermittently during the start-up process at the relevant drawing nozzle (29), characterised in that the drawn product (7) is deflected from the straight line in advance of a drawing device (1) with intermittently operating and linearly moving drawing carriage (22), so long as this is not the first drawing device, as soon as the drawing device (22) has taken up the forward end of the drawn product (7).
2. System for carrying out the method according to claim 1, including at least two drawing devices (1) for the drawing of elongate material (7) of prismatic cross-section, with solid or hollow cross-section, for the reduction of the cross-section in at least two steps, characterised in that at least the second drawing device (1), taken in the working direction (23), is a device for straight drawing with intermittently operating, linearly movable drawing carriage and drawing nozzle arranged stationary relative to the drawing device, in which at least two drawing devices (1) of the system (24-28) are connected together by means of a guide device (2, 3, 4) for the introduction of the drawn product (7) into the drawing nozzle (29) of the subsequent machine (1), and in which the guide device (2, 3, 4) comprises means for deflecting the drawn product (7) through less than 360° from the straight line direction of movement.
3. System according to claim 2, characterised in that the guide device (2, 3, 4) comprises a guide member (11, 30) and a deflecting member (5, 20, 21) as means for the deflection, in which at least the deflecting member (5, 20, 21) is movably guided for carrying out the deflection.
4. System according to at least one of claims 2 and 3, characterised in that a V-shaped channel (30) serves as guide member connecting the outlet (12) of a first machine (1) with the inlet (13) of a second machine (1), in which the channel (30) has a break (31) in its longitudinal extent at at least one position, and in that a movable deflecting member (20, 21) is provided transversely to the length of the channel (30) over the extent of its said break (31).
5. System according to at least one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the V-shaped channel (30) is arranged to be movable in order to terminate the linear guidance of the drawn product (7) before the beginning of the deflection.
6. System according to at least one of claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the channel (30) is guided to be lowerable.
7. System according to at least one of claims 2 to 6, characterised in that the channel (30) is arranged to be pivotable about an axis (32) parallel to its length.
8. System according to at least one of claims 2 to 7, characterised in that the deflecting member (20, 21) is a deflecting slide which is guidable radially in relation to the drawn product (7).
9. System according to at least one of claims 2 to 8, characterised in that the deflecting slide (20) comprises a carrier (33) connected to an actuating device (19) and at least one contact element (34) for pushing against the drawn product (7).
10. System at least according to claim 9, characterised in that at least one contact element (34) is formed as a body which is symmetrically rotatable about at least one axis, and is arranged to be rotatable on the carrier (33) about at least this axis perpendicular to the tangent at the contact point of the drawn product (7) and contact element (34).
11. System according to at least one of claims 2 to 10, characterised in that a fluid-actuated piston-cylinder unit (19) is provided as actuating device.
12. System according to at least one of claims 2 to 11, characterised in that the guide device (2), comprises counterpressure members (17, 18) in the region of the outlet (12) of a preceding machine (1) and in the region of the inlet (13) of a following machine (1).
13. System according to at least one of claims 2 and 3, characterised in that the guide device (4) is formed as an arcuate guide which takes up the drawn product (7) coming from a first machine (1) in the tangential direction (14) and after a deflection (15) along an arcuate path introduces it tangentially (16) into the following machine (1).
14. System at least according to claim 13, characterised in that the guide device (4) essentially comprises a central mounting (8) on which a boom arm (5) is mounted to be pivotable about a vertical axis (9), in which the free end (10) of the boom arm (5) has a gripping device (11) suitable for accepting and transferring the drawn product (7) in which two drawing machines (1) to be connected to each other are arranged in relation to each other such that their respective outlet (12) and inlet (13) lie in the working zone of the gripping device (11) of the boom arm (5).
15. System according to at least claim 14, characterised in that the drawing machines are set up relative to each other with parallel extending directions of operation (Figure 4) and in that the guide device (4) connecting them together effects a deflection of the drawn product (7) through approximately 180°.
16. System according to at least one of claims 13 to 15, characterised in that the boom arm (5) is rotatably drivable by means of an associated drive means (6).
17. System according to at least one of claims 2 to 16, characterised in that more than two drawing machines (1) are linked together by guide devices (2, 3, 4).
EP84112638A 1984-10-19 1984-10-19 Method of straight-drawing round material and tube, and solid and hollow profiles, and installation therefor Expired - Lifetime EP0182922B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP84112638A EP0182922B1 (en) 1984-10-19 1984-10-19 Method of straight-drawing round material and tube, and solid and hollow profiles, and installation therefor
AT84112638T ATE49144T1 (en) 1984-10-19 1984-10-19 PROCESS FOR STRAIGHT EXTRACTING ROUND MATERIAL AND PIPES, AS WELL AS SOLID AND HOLLOW PROFILE AND SYSTEM FOR THESE.
DE8484112638T DE3480908D1 (en) 1984-10-19 1984-10-19 METHOD FOR THE STRAIGHT EXTRACTION OF ROUND MATERIAL AND TUBES, AND FULL AND HOLLOW PROFILE, AND SYSTEM THEREFOR.
JP60231419A JPS6199515A (en) 1984-10-19 1985-10-18 Method and device for drawing and treating circular material, pipe, solid profile and hollow profile in rectilinear form
US07/085,275 US4805434A (en) 1984-10-19 1987-08-10 Method for straight-line drawing of round material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP84112638A EP0182922B1 (en) 1984-10-19 1984-10-19 Method of straight-drawing round material and tube, and solid and hollow profiles, and installation therefor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0182922A1 EP0182922A1 (en) 1986-06-04
EP0182922B1 true EP0182922B1 (en) 1990-01-03

Family

ID=8192232

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84112638A Expired - Lifetime EP0182922B1 (en) 1984-10-19 1984-10-19 Method of straight-drawing round material and tube, and solid and hollow profiles, and installation therefor

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4805434A (en)
EP (1) EP0182922B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6199515A (en)
AT (1) ATE49144T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3480908D1 (en)

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DE4328002C1 (en) * 1993-08-20 1994-08-04 Schumag Ag Procedure for preparing a thick-walled pipe blank for a subsequent cascade train
DE19606298A1 (en) * 1996-02-08 1997-08-14 Mannesmann Ag Procedure for drawing of long metal workpieces, especially pipes
DE19636322C1 (en) * 1996-08-29 1998-01-15 Mannesmann Ag Method and device for threading pipes into a drawing device
EP1645344A1 (en) 2004-10-06 2006-04-12 Schumag AG Process and assembly for the transport and joining of tubes along their longitudinal direction

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DE19544383C1 (en) * 1995-11-15 1997-04-10 Mannesmann Ag Method and device for pulling straight and threading long drawn goods in several steps
DE10122658C2 (en) * 2001-05-10 2003-05-28 Sms Meer Gmbh Pulling unit for pulling elongated material and drawing line
US9676016B2 (en) * 2013-09-23 2017-06-13 Manchester Copper Products, Llc Systems and methods for drawing materials

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DE19606298A1 (en) * 1996-02-08 1997-08-14 Mannesmann Ag Procedure for drawing of long metal workpieces, especially pipes
DE19636322C1 (en) * 1996-08-29 1998-01-15 Mannesmann Ag Method and device for threading pipes into a drawing device
EP1645344A1 (en) 2004-10-06 2006-04-12 Schumag AG Process and assembly for the transport and joining of tubes along their longitudinal direction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE49144T1 (en) 1990-01-15
US4805434A (en) 1989-02-21
JPS6199515A (en) 1986-05-17
DE3480908D1 (en) 1990-02-08
EP0182922A1 (en) 1986-06-04

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