Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/14—Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
  • H01M10/08—Selection of materials as electrolytes
  • H01M10/10—Immobilising of electrolyte
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
  • H01M10/18—Lead-acid accumulators with bipolar electrodes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
  • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
  • H01M4/68—Selection of materials for use in lead-acid accumulators
  • H01M4/685—Lead alloys
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
  • H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
  • H01M2300/0005—Acid electrolytes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
  • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

• the invention relates to a lead-acid battery which contains cells connected in series, of which the two outer cells are connected to electrical connections, and electrodes which are separated from one another by corresponding spacings in the individual cells, while liquid-impermeable partition walls are inserted between the individual cells .
• the accumulator is known to be filled with dilute sulfuric acid at a concentration of 25 to 40%.
• the lead-acid battery according to the invention can also be produced in a closed version, in which a specific solution which far exceeds the known specific powers (power per weight unit) can be delivered;
• the active mass of the electrodes consisting of lead oxide and lead sulfate (lead vitriol) is known to be painted onto the grid, which is conventionally produced as a press casting, then the active mass is dried and the relatively large surface area for the desired chemical reactions is ensured .
• the material of the carrier grid is lead hardened with ordinary alloy substances, which is less resistant to sulfuric acid as an electrolyte.
• the lead batteries are made up of cells, the individual cells being provided with walls made of insulating material. In a cell, several adjacent electrode plates are attached side by side and alternately on an anode rail or. Cathode rail connected.
• the batteries for motor vehicles are said to satisfy numerous, opposing demands at the same time.
• the possibility of a large current draw when starting the vehicle and, on the other hand, an uninterrupted power supply to the electrical units of the vehicle are to be ensured.
• the size of the charging current and the discharge current should also be taken into account. If a charging voltage or a laate voltage greater than 2.38 V is used, the water in the electrolyte disintegrates electrolytically, the voltage limit mentioned must not be exceeded for a long time during battery operation.
• the completely closed versions i.e. those without gas outlet openings, can only be used with a relatively complicated structure and special material selection,
• the aim of the invention is to create a lead acid battery which frees itself from the above-mentioned disadvantages and has a greater energy density than the known outer guiding forms, so that the same power can be delivered with the same absenteeism and smaller weight.
• the invention is based on the knowledge that the thick lead grids that have been used more widely up to now can be replaced if the known one
• Painted plate technology is replaced by another technology.
• the task of creating a lead acid battery was solved with a constant lead acid battery, which can be planned particularly well for uniform uses, and which contains cells connected in series, of which the two external cells are connected to electrical connections, and in the individual cells from one another by corresponding Raunabatands separate electrodes arranged and liquid-tight between the cells
• the electrodes are designed according to the invention as a layer applied from lead as a starting material by metal spraying.
• the electrodes can preferably be surfaces formed on a lead plate, which are attached between the partition walls, the wall separating the cells made of a metal or metallic conductive material resistant to the dilute sulfuric acid, for example graphite or expediently of a thickness of at least 0.1 mm Lead plate is made. They form on this lead plate Electrodes of a single or multi-layer construction with lead base material,
• a layer is formed in the electrode which consists of lead alloyed with barium silicide from 0.1 to 2.0, preferably from 0.6 percent by weight.
• a network of insulating material e.g. made of washed fiberglass-free glass fiber, the edge of which projects beyond the surface of the carrier or the partition covered with the electrode.
• the cell separating and electrically conductive wall simultaneously separates the liquids filling the neighboring cells from one another and an electrical between the one given polarity of the one cell and the other opposite polarity of the other cell Series connection secures. So these electrically conductive partitions can also be arranged horizontally, the harmful appearance of a voltage gradient should not be expected.
• the battery can be mounted in a closed housing if a separator formed by colloidal silicic acid anhydride is used in the space between the partition walls separating the individual cells in a liquid-tight manner and contains silicon disulfide from 1.8 to 10, preferably from 2.6 percent by weight and with that Sulfuric acid as an electrolyte forms a gel-like substance, Daa silicon diaulfide disintegrates in water and favors the Chinese cells that play in the battery Reactions.
• a separator formed by colloidal silicic acid anhydride is used in the space between the partition walls separating the individual cells in a liquid-tight manner and contains silicon disulfide from 1.8 to 10, preferably from 2.6 percent by weight and with that Sulfuric acid as an electrolyte forms a gel-like substance, Daa silicon diaulfide disintegrates in water and favors the Chinese cells that play in the battery Reactions.
• the lead-acid battery according to the invention can be accommodated in a plastic battery box and can be operated during its entire lifespan with appropriate operation, especially without peak loads and with continuous and even use without any maintenance.
• the energy density was based on a value of 80 to 110 Wh / kg by weight and based on volume on a value of 750 to 950 Wh / dm 3 (instead of the previous value of 48 to 110 Wh / dm 3 ). elevated.
• the proposed lead-acid battery (acid battery) is essentially constructed according to the known principles, whereby it consists of cells connected in series, of which the two outside cells are connected to a positive pole or a negative pole.
• a partition 1 is arranged between the adjacent cells, which is a liquid-tight plate.
• electrodes 2 made of lead base material are applied electrolytically or by metal spraying to a corresponding carrier in the proposed lead battery.
• An electrode 2 can e.g. on a perforated or smooth, at least 0.1 mm thick lead plate are applied, which are used in the known batteries ala cathode or as an anode
• the thickness of the lead plate is determined by the respective stresses, inter alia by the fact that the processes that take place during the operation of the battery can cause a mechanical deformation in the material of the electrodes 2.
• the other possibility of radically improving the characteristics of the battery of the electrodes 2 is that they are applied electrolytically or by metal spraying to both sides of the partition 1 and geniasan ensure their liquid-tight property.
• the use of the lead plates between the partition walls in the individual cells is superfluous.
• the partition 1 is made of an electrically conductive material which is resistant to the dilute sulfuric acid and is expediently made of graphite or lead. The thickness of such a partition 1 is also determined here by the operating conditions.
• Each end partition 1 of the outside cells is connected to the electrical connections in the battery designed in this way.
• the battery can therefore also be operated horizontally with horizontal partition walls 1.
• the partition walls 1 take part in the formation of the circuit with their entire surface in every spatial position of the battery, so the formation of a harmful voltage gradient during charging and discharging can be avoided, which at least limits the possibility of gas formation.
• the electrode 2 is suitably made up of several layers.
• a lead layer is applied to the carrier element, for example to the partition 1, using a known technology, for example by electrolysis or metal spraying.
• a mesh 4 and a second lead layer are applied to this layer.
• the network 4 consists of an insulating material, while the lead layer expediently contains barium silicide from 0.1 to 2.0, preferably from 0.6 percent by weight, which, in addition to the appropriate electrical parameters, ensures the stability required during battery operation.
• the partition 1 is to be attached together with the applied electrodes 2 in a holding frame 5 in which a liquid-tight bedding is formed.
• the net 4 protrudes over the surface of the electrode 2 and is attached, for example, welded, to the holding frame.
• Holding frames 5 are made of insulating material and expediently arranged in a box 6, in which the cells are formed with the aid of the partition walls 1 and form an electrical chain through the partition walls 1 and with the aid of the electrolyte.
• a separator 3 is preferably arranged in the liquid-tight sealed cells and advantageously consists of silicon disulphide of 1.8 to 10.0, preferably 2.5% by weight, of silicic acid anhydride as the colloidal substance.
• the separator 3 has a much greater viscosity than that of the Sulfuric acid.
• the function of the separator 3 is to hold the electrolyte between the electrodes 2 and at the same time to ensure a space spacing so that the electrodes 2 cannot come into contact with one another in any position of the partition walls 1.
• the gel-like substance is also particularly suitable for preventing the electrolyte from running out in the event of mechanical damage to the battery box 6.
• the electrodes 2 are expediently designed with a multilayer structure, and the barium silicide alloys on the two sides of the network 4 are 0.5 to 0 , 7 mm thick lead layers.
• the first charging process of the lead battery according to the invention is to be carried out in a known manner. After the battery stops gassing, the box 6 can be completely closed and the hermetically sealed battery can be put into operation.
• the lead-acid battery according to the invention is durable thanks to its structure for the operation of everyone steady load suitable for significant loads. It can therefore be advantageous to use an integrated circuit arrangement which ensures that the current consumption remains within a given limit, depending on the number of cells in the battery. By using such a strictly limiting arrangement, the long life of the lead-acid battery according to the invention can be ensured.
• the significant 3 to 4-fold increase in weight and 8 to 10-fold increase in volume can be mentioned become.
• the lifespan of the battery is also increased, since the failure of the previously applied active mass and the erosion of the electrodes are eliminated.
• a particular advantage is the reduction in lead consumption and the improvement of the conditions of manufacture.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
• Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
• Secondary Cells (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=10958027

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

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Family Cites Families (5)

• 1984
  • 1984-06-04 HU HU842151A patent/HU196533B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1985
  • 1985-06-04 EP EP85902627A patent/EP0182852A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1985-06-04 WO PCT/HU1985/000036 patent/WO1985005738A1/de unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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