EP0182110B1 - Device for the generation of a stable emulsion for use in cleaning and decontamination equipments - Google Patents

Device for the generation of a stable emulsion for use in cleaning and decontamination equipments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0182110B1
EP0182110B1 EP85113281A EP85113281A EP0182110B1 EP 0182110 B1 EP0182110 B1 EP 0182110B1 EP 85113281 A EP85113281 A EP 85113281A EP 85113281 A EP85113281 A EP 85113281A EP 0182110 B1 EP0182110 B1 EP 0182110B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
emulsion
water
emulsifier
stirring element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85113281A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0182110A2 (en
EP0182110A3 (en
Inventor
Dieter Dipl.-Ing. Endtner
Roland Dipl.-Ing. Schick (Fh)
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Stelzmüller (FH)
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Alfred Kaercher SE and Co KG
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Alfred Kaercher SE and Co KG
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Priority to AT85113281T priority Critical patent/ATE49512T1/en
Publication of EP0182110A2 publication Critical patent/EP0182110A2/en
Publication of EP0182110A3 publication Critical patent/EP0182110A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/43—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using driven stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/41—Emulsifying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/10—Mixing by creating a vortex flow, e.g. by tangential introduction of flow components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/808—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with stirrers driven from the bottom of the receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/30—Driving arrangements; Transmissions; Couplings; Brakes
    • B01F35/32—Driving arrangements
    • B01F35/321—Disposition of the drive
    • B01F35/3213—Disposition of the drive at the lower side of the axis, e.g. driving the stirrer from the bottom of a receptacle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for producing a stable emulsion for use in cleaning and detoxification devices, which contains solids suspended in water, a solvent and an emulsifier.
  • a supply line for the solvent and the emulsifier which have a greater specific weight than water, is provided in a vessel with a circular cross section at the bottom, that a supply line is provided above this supply line
  • a feed for the solids slurried with water opens into the container, that means are provided which set the contents of the container in rotation about the longitudinal axis of the container, that the container is surrounded by a collecting space which receives the emulsion overflowing over the upper edge of the container, from which an outlet for the finished emulsion emerges, and that the feed for the solids slurried with water opens into the container at several points at different heights.
  • a device with similar features is known per se from LU-A-82 828, but this known device is used for mixing solids into a liquid, for example for producing a suspension, but not for producing a stable emulsion. Furthermore, this known device lacks the important feature that the substances to be supplied, in this case the solids suspended in water, are supplied at different levels. It is precisely this feature that is extremely important in the context of the present invention for producing a stable emulsion, because this feature means that the concentration of the slurry at the start of emulsion formation is significantly lower than the concentration in the finished emulsion. This means that the emulsion can be formed in the desired manner. It is only gradually that the concentration of the aqueous slurry in the emulsion increases, to the extent that the liquid in the container moves upward.
  • the emulsion is formed in the container by introducing the specifically lighter component (solid suspended in water) into the more heavily component (solvent and emulsifier) introduced into the container from below.
  • the liquid inside the container is rotated so that the aqueous slurry of the solid is introduced into a moving liquid from top to bottom.
  • the concentration of the aqueous slurry in the solvent and emulsifier is lower than in the finished emulsion; this promotes emulsion formation, particularly in this area of the most intensive mixing.
  • the emulsion formed in the container enters the collecting space via the upper edge of the container and is calmed and stabilized there, so that a stable emulsion can finally emerge from this collecting space.
  • the device works continuously and produces the desired emulsion in a surprisingly short time.
  • the device which rotates the contents of the container is a stirring element which is rotatable on the bottom of the container about the longitudinal axis of the container.
  • This can be designed as a flat disk, and it is advantageous if the stirring element is held on a drive shaft which penetrates the bottom of the container in a sealed manner.
  • the feed for the solids suspended in water is formed by a tube which concentrically enters the container from above and has outlet openings on its front side and at different heights in its jacket. This tube preferably ends approximately halfway up the container.
  • a vent line which can be closed by means of a floating body branches off from the tube, so that air entrained by the aqueous slurry can escape from the tube and from the container.
  • the supply for the solids suspended in water can be formed by pipelines which open into the side wall of the container and which open out at different heights.
  • the junction can be radial, in a modified embodiment it is also possible for the pipes to flow into the container tangentially and in the same direction of rotation.
  • a driven stirring element can be recorded under certain circumstances if the tangentially introduced aqueous slurry is introduced to such an extent that the liquid in the container alone is sufficiently rotated as a result.
  • vent line which ventilates the container and can be closed with a float body is provided.
  • the collecting space can protrude from the top of the container, so that the liquid rising due to the rotation on the container wall enters the collecting space via the container edge.
  • the liquid level which arises in this case has a substantially parabolic cross section in the lower region, while the liquid in the upper region runs much flatter, since the rotation of the liquid from the container is only transferred to the collecting space to a limited extent.
  • the outlet is arranged in the area of the underside of the collecting space, since the emulsion is particularly stable and calm in this area.
  • the underside of the collecting space can be arranged between the bottom of the container and approximately 2/3 of the container height.
  • the container is cylindrical, but it is also advantageous if the side walls of the container are parabolic.
  • a swirl chamber can be connected to the outlet, which leads to an additional homogeneous mixing of the emulsion.
  • the emulsion produced in the device described below contains water, a solvent, e.g. Chlorine-containing, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, an emulsifier which acts as a phase transfer catalyst, and a solid which consists of active chlorine-containing compounds, i.e. Compounds which are capable of splitting off chlorine and hypochlorite with water with hydrolysis, such as, for. As calcium hypochlorite, chlorinated lime or alkali hypochlorite.
  • Such emulsions are used for cleaning and disinfection and are sprayed for this purpose using a high-pressure jet device.
  • an aqueous slurry is first prepared in a conventional manner by mixing water and the powdery or granular solids, which is then mixed in the device described below with a liquid chemical which contains solvent and emulsifier and is specifically heavier than water.
  • the first embodiment of a device for emulsion formation shown in FIG. 1 comprises a circular cylindrical container 1 with a flat bottom 2, through which a drive shaft 3 is sealed and concentrically guided and which carries a disk-shaped stirring element 4 at its end lying inside the container.
  • a feed line 5 enters through the bottom 2 into the interior of the container 1, the outlet point being below the disk-shaped stirring element 4.
  • solvent and emulsifier can be introduced into the container from a storage container for solvent and emulsifier by means of a feed pump in a manner not shown, the inflow quantity being adjustable by a metering valve, also not shown in the drawing.
  • the upper part of the container 1 is surrounded by a likewise circular cylindrical collecting space 6, the outer diameter of which is larger than that of the container 1 and the underside 7 of which is arranged approximately in the upper third of the container 1.
  • the collecting space 6 is closed by means of a cover 8, the closed upper side of the collecting space 6 projecting substantially beyond the upper edge 9 of the container, for example the upper edge 9 can end approximately halfway up the collecting space 6.
  • the collecting space 6 In the vicinity of the underside 7, the collecting space 6 has a radially emerging outlet 10.
  • a tube 11 is introduced through the cover 8 of the collecting space 6 concentrically to the container into the collecting space 6 and the container 1, the free end 12 of which ends approximately halfway up the container 1.
  • This tube 11 has in its end face 13 an outlet opening 14 and further outlet openings 15 in its side wall 16, the outlet openings 15 being arranged at different heights in the side wall; There are no outlet openings above the upper edge 9 of the container 1 15 in the side wall.
  • the aqueous slurry can be introduced into the container from a slurry device, not shown in the drawing.
  • an upwardly emerging ventilation line 17 also emerges through the cover 8 with a conically narrowing region 18, in which there is a float 19 which is conical on the top and which, together with the conical region 18, closes the ventilation line 17 when the floating body floats in the liquid. However, it releases the ventilation line 17 when there is air in the ventilation line 17 so that it can escape to the outside.
  • the liquid inside the container and to a lesser extent inside the collecting space is set in rotation about the longitudinal axis of the container by the stirring element 4, so that an essentially parabolic liquid level is formed in the container, which is increasingly flatter in the collecting space runs.
  • Solvent and emulsifier are introduced into the container from below, and the aqueous slurry through tube 11 from above. A substantial part of the aqueous slurry enters through the front exit opening 14 directly into the area above the stirring element 4, in which particularly intensive mixing takes place, as indicated by the arrows A in FIG. In this area, the concentration of the aqueous slurry is low, which promotes emulsion formation.
  • the emulsion formed is driven upwards along the container walls, further aqueous slurry entering the emulsion through the side openings 15 in the tube 11 and being emulsified.
  • the emulsion has reached the desired composition, thorough and uniform mixing having taken place, since the aqueous slurry is introduced from the stationary tube into the emulsion rotating rapidly around the tube.
  • the emulsion calms down and stabilizes, which is then finally discharged through the outlet 10, if necessary, in the drawing Swirl chamber, not shown, can be supplied for their final use.
  • the emulsion is subsequently stabilized in the swirl chamber, which can be equipped with baffles.
  • the concentration of the slurry at the beginning of the emulsion formation is substantially lower than the concentration in the finished emulsion, and this means that the emulsion formation can take place in the desired manner. It is only gradually that the concentration of the aqueous slurry in the emulsion increases, to the extent that the liquid in the container moves upward.
  • the container 1 is not circular cylindrical, but the wall of the container 1 has a parabola-shaped course, the parabola being cut off at the lower end by the flat bottom 2.
  • the collecting space 6 completely surrounds the container 1, so that the underside 7 of the collecting space 6 lies in one plane with the bottom 2 of the container 1.
  • the introduction of the aqueous slurry does not take place via a concentrically introduced pipe, but rather via a plurality of feed lines 20 which radially penetrate the collecting space 6 and open into the wall of the container 1 and are arranged at different heights.
  • the aqueous slurry is first introduced via deep-lying feed lines into the space above the stirring element 4, in which the concentration of the aqueous slurry is substantially lower than the final concentration in the finished emulsion.
  • additional aqueous slurry is subsequently introduced through higher-level feed lines until the final concentration is finally reached.
  • a vent line 17a is provided, which in this case does not branch off from the feed line for the aqueous slurry, but is held on the cover 8.
  • the feed line has a conically narrowing region 18a and surrounds a floating body 19a which can close the vent line in the region of the conically narrowing region.
  • the feed lines 20 are not introduced radially into the container, but tangentially, namely in a uniform direction of rotation, so that the liquid in the interior of the container is set in rotation by the aqueous slurry introduced. This makes it possible to dispense with a stirring element in the container. Otherwise, the emulsion is formed in the same way as in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2.
  • the inside of the container and the collecting space is under excess pressure, ie the two are inside Components fed into the room are fed under pressure.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

In order to obtain a stable emulsion in a short time and in continuous operation of an apparatus for producing a stable emulsion for use in cleaning and decontamination devices, this apparatus containing solids suspended in water, a solvent and an emulsifier, it is suggested that a feed line for the solvent and the emulsifier which have a specific weight heavier than water be provided at the underside of a tank having a circular cross section, that a supply means for the solids suspended in water lead into the tank above the feed line, that means be provided for causing the contents of the tank to rotate about the longitudinal axis hereof and that the tank be surrounded by a collecting chamber receiving the emulsion overflowing over the upper edge of the tank, an outlet for the finished emulsion exiting from the collecting chamber.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen einer stabilen Emulsion zur Verwendung in Reinigungs- und Entgiftungsgeräten, die mit Wasser aufgeschlämmte Feststoffe, ein Lösungsmittel und einen Emulgator enthält.The invention relates to a device for producing a stable emulsion for use in cleaning and detoxification devices, which contains solids suspended in water, a solvent and an emulsifier.

Bei Reinigungs- und Entgiftungsgeräten kann es für bestimmte Aufgaben notwendig sein, stabile Emulsionen aus mehreren Flüssigkeitskomponenten und einem Pulver oder granulatförmig vorliegendem Feststoff kontinuierlich zu erzeugen, so daß aus diesen Komponenten kontinuierlich erzeugte Emulsion einem austretenden Reinigungs- oder Entgiftungsstrahl zugesetzt werden kann.In cleaning and detoxification devices, it may be necessary for certain tasks to continuously generate stable emulsions from several liquid components and a powder or granular solid, so that emulsion continuously generated from these components can be added to an emerging cleaning or detoxification jet.

Bisher wurden zu diesem Zweck in einem komplizierten Verfahren die Komponenten der Emulsion in einer Charge angesetzt und während des Einsatzes in Bewegung gehalten. Ein solcher Durchmischungsprozeß zur Erzeugung der Emulsion nahm dabei etwa 30 Minuten in Anspruch. Erst nach dieser relativ langen Zeit konnte ein Teil der Emulsion ausgebracht werden, wobei jedoch keine perfekte Durchmischung der einzelnen Komponenten zu erreichen war. Nachteilig ist bei diesem Verfahren weiterhin, daß die benötigte Menge im voraus nicht genau bestimmt werden kann, so daß bei der Restentsorgung der übriggebliebenen Emulsion Probleme auftreten.To date, the components of the emulsion have been prepared in one batch in a complicated process and kept in motion during use. Such a mixing process to produce the emulsion took about 30 minutes. Only after this relatively long time could part of the emulsion be applied, but it was not possible to achieve perfect mixing of the individual components. A further disadvantage of this method is that the required amount cannot be determined precisely in advance, so that problems arise with the residual disposal of the remaining emulsion.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art anzugeben, mit der eine stabile Emulsion kontinuierlich und in kurzer Zeit hergestellt werden kann, die hinsichtlich ihrer Zusammensetzung homogen ist.It is an object of the invention to provide a device of the generic type, with which a stable emulsion can be produced continuously and in a short time, the composition of which is homogeneous.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß in einem Gefäß mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt an dem Boden eine Zuleitung für das Lösungsmittel und den Emulgator, die ein größeres spezifisches Gewicht als Wasser haben, vorgesehen ist, daß oberhalb dieser Zuleitung eine Zufuhr für die mit Wasser aufgeschlämmten Feststoffe in den Behälter einmündet, daß Einrichtungen vorgesehen sind, die den Inhalt des Behälters um die Längsachse des Behälters in Rotation versetzen, daß der Behälter von einem die über den oberen Rand des Behälters überlaufende Emulsion aufnehmenden Sammelraum umgeben ist, aus dem ein Auslaß für die fertige Emulsion austritt, und daß die Zufuhr für die mit Wasser aufgeschlämmten Feststoffe an mehreren Stellen des Behälters in unterschiedlicher Höhe in diesen einmündet.This object is achieved according to the invention in a device of the type described in the introduction in that a supply line for the solvent and the emulsifier, which have a greater specific weight than water, is provided in a vessel with a circular cross section at the bottom, that a supply line is provided above this supply line A feed for the solids slurried with water opens into the container, that means are provided which set the contents of the container in rotation about the longitudinal axis of the container, that the container is surrounded by a collecting space which receives the emulsion overflowing over the upper edge of the container, from which an outlet for the finished emulsion emerges, and that the feed for the solids slurried with water opens into the container at several points at different heights.

An sich ist eine Vorrichtung mit ähnlichen Merkmalen aus der LU-A-82 828 bekannt, jedoch dient diese bekannte Vorrichtung zum Einmischen von Feststoffen in eine Flüssigkeit, beispielsweise zum Herstellen einer Suspension, nicht dagegen zum Herstellen einer stabilen Emulsion. Darüberhinaus fehlt bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung das wichtige Merkmal, wonach die zuzuführenden Substanzen, im vorliegenden Fall also die im Wasser aufgeschlämmten Feststoffe, in unterschiedlicher Höhe zugeführt werden. Gerade dieses Merkmal ist im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zur Herstellung einer stabilen Emulsion außerordentlich wichtig, denn durch dieses Merkmal ist die Konzentration der Aufschlämmung am Beginn der Emulsionsbildung wesentlich geringer als die Konzentration in der fertigen Emulsion. Dies führt dazu, daß die Emulsionsbildung in der gewünschten Weise erfolgen kann. Erst nach und nach wird die Konzentration der wässrigen Aufschlämmung in der Emulsion erhöht, und zwar in dem Maße, in dem die Flüssigkeit im Behälter nach oben wandert.A device with similar features is known per se from LU-A-82 828, but this known device is used for mixing solids into a liquid, for example for producing a suspension, but not for producing a stable emulsion. Furthermore, this known device lacks the important feature that the substances to be supplied, in this case the solids suspended in water, are supplied at different levels. It is precisely this feature that is extremely important in the context of the present invention for producing a stable emulsion, because this feature means that the concentration of the slurry at the start of emulsion formation is significantly lower than the concentration in the finished emulsion. This means that the emulsion can be formed in the desired manner. It is only gradually that the concentration of the aqueous slurry in the emulsion increases, to the extent that the liquid in the container moves upward.

Bei der neuen Vorrichtung wird die Emulsion in dem Behälter dadurch gebildet, daß die spezifisch leichtere Komponente (in Wasser aufgeschlämmter Feststoff) in die von unten in den Behälter eingeleitete, spezifisch schwerere Komponente (Lösungsmittel und Emulgator) eingeleitet wird. Die Flüssigkeit im Innern des Behälters wird in Rotation versetzt, so daß die wässrige Aufschlämmung des Feststoffes in eine bewegte Flüssigkeit von oben nach unten eingeführt wird. Im Bereich intensivster Durchmischung ist dabei die Konzentration der wässrigen Aufschlämmung in Lösungsmittel und Emulgator geringer als in der fertigen Emulsion; dadurch wird die Emulsionsbildung gerade in diesem Bereich intensivster Durchmischung gefördert. Die im Behälter gebildete Emulsion tritt über den oberen Rand des Behälters in den Sammelraum und wird dort beruhigt und stabilisiert, so daß schließlich aus diesem Sammelraum eine stabile Emulsion austreten kann. Die Vorrichtung arbeitet kontinuierlich und erzeugt die gewünschte Emulsion in überraschend kurzer Zeit.In the new device, the emulsion is formed in the container by introducing the specifically lighter component (solid suspended in water) into the more heavily component (solvent and emulsifier) introduced into the container from below. The liquid inside the container is rotated so that the aqueous slurry of the solid is introduced into a moving liquid from top to bottom. In the area of the most intensive mixing, the concentration of the aqueous slurry in the solvent and emulsifier is lower than in the finished emulsion; this promotes emulsion formation, particularly in this area of the most intensive mixing. The emulsion formed in the container enters the collecting space via the upper edge of the container and is calmed and stabilized there, so that a stable emulsion can finally emerge from this collecting space. The device works continuously and produces the desired emulsion in a surprisingly short time.

Bei einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, daß die Einrichtung, die den Inhalt des Behälters in Rotation versetzt, ein an dem Boden des Behälters um die Längsachse des Behälters drehbares Rührelement ist. Dieses kann als fläche Scheibe ausgebildet sein, und es ist vorteilhaft, wenn das Rührelement an einer den Boden des Behälters abgedichtet durchsetzenden Antriebswelle gehalten ist.In a first preferred embodiment it is provided that the device which rotates the contents of the container is a stirring element which is rotatable on the bottom of the container about the longitudinal axis of the container. This can be designed as a flat disk, and it is advantageous if the stirring element is held on a drive shaft which penetrates the bottom of the container in a sealed manner.

Als besonders günstig hat es sich erwiesen, wenn die Zuleitung für das Lösungsmittel und den Emulgator unterhalb des Rührelementes in den Behälter einmündet. Dadurch werden das Lösungsmittel und der Emulgator im unteren Bereich des Behälters intensiv in Drehung versetzt, und in diese sich drehende Flüssigkeit wird die wässrige Aufschlämmung eingeleitet. Insgesamt fördert dies eine gleichmäßige Durchmischung und eine zuverlässige Emulsionsbildung.It has proven to be particularly favorable if the feed line for the solvent and the emulsifier opens into the container below the stirring element. As a result, the solvent and the emulsifier are rotated intensively in the lower region of the container, and the aqueous slurry is introduced into this rotating liquid. Overall, this promotes uniform mixing and reliable emulsion formation.

Bei einem ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Zufuhr für die in Wasser aufgeschlämmten Feststoffe durch ein konzentrisch von oben in den Behälter eintretendes Rohr gebildet wird, das an seiner Stirnseite und in verschiedener Höhe in seinem Mantel Austrittsöffnungen aufweist. Dieses Rohr endet vorzugsweise etwa auf halber Höhe des Behälters.In a first preferred embodiment it can be provided that the feed for the solids suspended in water is formed by a tube which concentrically enters the container from above and has outlet openings on its front side and at different heights in its jacket. This tube preferably ends approximately halfway up the container.

Günstig ist es, wenn von dem Rohr eine mittels eines Schwimmkörpers verschließbare Entlüftungsleitung abzweigt, so daß durch die wässrige Aufschlämmung mitgerissene Luft aus dem Rohr und aus dem Behälter entweichen kann.It is expedient if a vent line which can be closed by means of a floating body branches off from the tube, so that air entrained by the aqueous slurry can escape from the tube and from the container.

Bei einem abgewandelten Ausführungsbeispiel kann die Zufuhr für die in Wasser aufgeschlämmten Feststoffe durch in die Seitenwand des Behälters einmündende Rohrleitungen gebildet werden, die in unterschiedliche Höhe einmünden. Die Einmündung kann dabei radial erfolgen, bei einem abgewandelten Ausführungsbeispiel ist auch möglich, daß die Rohrleitungen tangential und im selben Drehsinn in den Behälter einmünden. In diesem Falle kann auf ein angetriebenes Rührelement unter Umständen verzeichnet werden, wenn die tangential eingeleitete wässrige Aufschlämmung in solcher Stärke eingeleitet wird, daß allein dadurch die Flüssigkeit im Behälter ausreichend in Rotation versetzt wird.In a modified exemplary embodiment, the supply for the solids suspended in water can be formed by pipelines which open into the side wall of the container and which open out at different heights. The junction can be radial, in a modified embodiment it is also possible for the pipes to flow into the container tangentially and in the same direction of rotation. In this case, a driven stirring element can be recorded under certain circumstances if the tangentially introduced aqueous slurry is introduced to such an extent that the liquid in the container alone is sufficiently rotated as a result.

Es ist allgemein günstig, wenn eine den Behälter entlüftende, mit einem Schwimmerkörper verschließbare Entlüftungsleitung vorgesehen ist.It is generally advantageous if a vent line which ventilates the container and can be closed with a float body is provided.

Der Sammelraum kann den Behälter an dessen Oberseite überragen, so daß die durch die Rotation an der Behälterwand steigende Flüssigkeit über den Behälterrand nach außen in den Sammelraum eintritt. Der Flüssigkeitsspiegel, der sich dabei einstellt, hat im unteren Bereich einen im wesentlichen parabelförmigen Querschnitt, während die Flüssigkeit im oberen Bereich wesentlich flacher verläuft, da sich die Rotation der Flüssigkeit aus dem Behälter nur in begrenztem Umfange in den Sammelraum überträgt.The collecting space can protrude from the top of the container, so that the liquid rising due to the rotation on the container wall enters the collecting space via the container edge. The liquid level which arises in this case has a substantially parabolic cross section in the lower region, while the liquid in the upper region runs much flatter, since the rotation of the liquid from the container is only transferred to the collecting space to a limited extent.

Besonders günstig ist es, wenn der Auslaß im Bereich der Unterseite des Sammelraums angeordnet ist, da die Emulsion gerade in diesem Bereich besonders stabil und beruhigt ist.It is particularly expedient if the outlet is arranged in the area of the underside of the collecting space, since the emulsion is particularly stable and calm in this area.

Die Unterseite des Sammelraums kann zwischen dem Boden des Behälters und etwa 2/3 der Behälterhöhe angeordnet sein.The underside of the collecting space can be arranged between the bottom of the container and approximately 2/3 of the container height.

Bei einem ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Behälter zylindrisch ausgebildet, es ist jedoch auch günstig, wenn die Seitenwände des Behälters parabelförmig verlaufen.In a first preferred embodiment, the container is cylindrical, but it is also advantageous if the side walls of the container are parabolic.

An den Auslaß kann sich eine Wirbelkammer anschließen, die zu einer zusätzlichen homogenen Durchmischung der Emulsion führt.A swirl chamber can be connected to the outlet, which leads to an additional homogeneous mixing of the emulsion.

Die nachfolgende Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der Erfindung dient im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung der näheren Erläuterung. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Schnittansicht einer Vorrichtung zur Emulsionsbildung;
  • Fig. 2 eine Ansicht ähnlich Fig. 1 eines abgewandelten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Vorrichtung zur Emulsionsbildung und
  • Fig. 3 eine Ansicht ähnlich Fig. 1 einer weiteren abgewandelten Ausführung einer Vorrichtung zur Emulsionsbildung.
The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention serves in conjunction with the drawing for a more detailed explanation. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a device for emulsion formation.
  • Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modified embodiment of a device for emulsion formation and
  • Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of another modified embodiment of a device for emulsion formation.

Die in der nachstehend beschriebenen Vorrichtung hergestellte Emulsion enthält als Bestandteile Wasser, ein Lösungsmittel, z. B. chlorhaltige, aliphatische und aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe, einen Emulgator, der als Phasentransfer-Katalysator wirkt, und einen Feststoff, welcher aus aktivchlorhaftigen Verbindungen besteht, d.h. Verbindungen, die mit Wasser unter Hydrolyse zur Abspaltung von Chlor und Hypochlorit befähigt sind, wie z. B. Calciumhypochlorit, Chlorkalk oder Alkalihypochlorfte.The emulsion produced in the device described below contains water, a solvent, e.g. Chlorine-containing, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, an emulsifier which acts as a phase transfer catalyst, and a solid which consists of active chlorine-containing compounds, i.e. Compounds which are capable of splitting off chlorine and hypochlorite with water with hydrolysis, such as, for. As calcium hypochlorite, chlorinated lime or alkali hypochlorite.

Derartige Emulsionen werden zur Reinigung und Desinfektion eingesetzt und zu diesem Zwecke mittels eines Hochdruckstrahlgerätes versprüht.Such emulsions are used for cleaning and disinfection and are sprayed for this purpose using a high-pressure jet device.

Zur Bildung der Emulsion wird zunächst in herkömmlicher Weise durch Vermischung von Wasser und den pulvrigen oder granulatförmigen Feststoffen eine wässrige Aufschlämmung hergestellt, die dann in der nachfolgend beschriebenen Vorrichtung mit einer flüssigen Chemikalie vermischt wird, die Lösungsmittel und Emulgator enthält und spezifisch schwerer ist als Wasser.To form the emulsion, an aqueous slurry is first prepared in a conventional manner by mixing water and the powdery or granular solids, which is then mixed in the device described below with a liquid chemical which contains solvent and emulsifier and is specifically heavier than water.

Die in Figur 1 dargestellte erste Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Emulsionsbildung umfaßt einen kreiszylindrischen Behälter 1 mit einem ebenen Boden 2, durch den abgedichtet und konzentrisch eine Antriebswelle 3 hindurchgeführt ist, die an ihrem im Innern des Behälters liegenden Ende ein scheibenförmiges Rührelement 4 trägt. Unterhalb dieses Rührelementes 4 tritt eine Zuleitung 5 durch den Boden 2 hindurch in das Innere des Behälters 1 ein, wobei die Mündungsstelle unterhalb des scheibenförmigen Rührelementes 4 liegt. Durch diese Zuleitung kann in nicht dargestellter Weise aus einem Vorratsbehälter für Lösungsmittel und Emulgator mittels einer Förderpumpe Lösungsmittel und Emulgator in den Behälter eingeführt werden, wobei die Zuflußmenge durch ein in der Zeichnung ebenfalls nicht dargestelltes Dosierventil einstellbar ist.The first embodiment of a device for emulsion formation shown in FIG. 1 comprises a circular cylindrical container 1 with a flat bottom 2, through which a drive shaft 3 is sealed and concentrically guided and which carries a disk-shaped stirring element 4 at its end lying inside the container. Below this stirring element 4, a feed line 5 enters through the bottom 2 into the interior of the container 1, the outlet point being below the disk-shaped stirring element 4. Through this feed line, solvent and emulsifier can be introduced into the container from a storage container for solvent and emulsifier by means of a feed pump in a manner not shown, the inflow quantity being adjustable by a metering valve, also not shown in the drawing.

Der Behälter 1 ist in seinem oberen Teil von einem ebenfalls kreiszylindrischen Sammelraum 6 umgeben, dessen Außendurchmesser größer ist als der des Behälters 1 und dessen Unterseite 7 etwa im oberen Drittel des Behälters 1 angeordnet ist. Der Sammelraum 6 ist mittels eines Deckels 8 verschlossen, wobei die verschlossene Oberseite des Sammelraums 6 wesentlich über den oberen Rand 9 des Behälters übersteht, beispielsweise kann der obere Rand 9 etwa auf halber Höhe des Sammelraumes 6 enden.The upper part of the container 1 is surrounded by a likewise circular cylindrical collecting space 6, the outer diameter of which is larger than that of the container 1 and the underside 7 of which is arranged approximately in the upper third of the container 1. The collecting space 6 is closed by means of a cover 8, the closed upper side of the collecting space 6 projecting substantially beyond the upper edge 9 of the container, for example the upper edge 9 can end approximately halfway up the collecting space 6.

In der Nähe der Unterseite 7 weist der Sammelraum 6 einen radial austretenden Auslaß 10 auf.In the vicinity of the underside 7, the collecting space 6 has a radially emerging outlet 10.

Durch den Deckel 8 des Sammelraums 6 hindurch ist konzentrisch zum Behälter ein Rohr 11 in den Sammelraum 6 und den Behälter 1 eingeführt, dessen freies Ende 12 etwa auf halber Höhe des Behälters 1 endet. Dieses Rohr 11 weist in seiner Stirnseite 13 eine Austrittsöffnung 14 sowie weitere Austrittsöffnungen 15 in seiner Seitenwand 16 auf, wobei die Austrittsöffnungen 15 in der Seitenwand in unterschiedlicher Höhe angeordnet sind; oberhalb des oberen Randes 9 des Behälters 1 befinden sich keine Austrittsöffnungen 15 in der Seitenwand.A tube 11 is introduced through the cover 8 of the collecting space 6 concentrically to the container into the collecting space 6 and the container 1, the free end 12 of which ends approximately halfway up the container 1. This tube 11 has in its end face 13 an outlet opening 14 and further outlet openings 15 in its side wall 16, the outlet openings 15 being arranged at different heights in the side wall; There are no outlet openings above the upper edge 9 of the container 1 15 in the side wall.

Durch das Rohr 11 kann aus einer in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Aufschlämmvorrichtung die wässrige Aufschlämmung in den Behälter eingeleitet werden.Through the tube 11, the aqueous slurry can be introduced into the container from a slurry device, not shown in the drawing.

Seitlich zweigt vom Rohr 11 eine nach oben auch durch den Deckel 8 austretende Belüftungsleitung 17 mit einem sich konisch verengenden Bereich 18 ab, in der sich ein an der Oberseite kegelförmiger Schwimmkörper 19 befindet, der mit dem konischen Bereich 18 zusammen die Belüftungsleitung 17 verschließt, wenn der Schwimmkörper in der Flüssigkeit aufschwimmt. Er gibt die Belüftungsleitung 17 jedoch frei, wenn sich in der Belüftungsleitung 17 Luft befindet, so daß diese nach außen entweichen kann.Laterally from the pipe 11, an upwardly emerging ventilation line 17 also emerges through the cover 8 with a conically narrowing region 18, in which there is a float 19 which is conical on the top and which, together with the conical region 18, closes the ventilation line 17 when the floating body floats in the liquid. However, it releases the ventilation line 17 when there is air in the ventilation line 17 so that it can escape to the outside.

Im Betrieb der beschriebenen Vorrichtung wird die Flüssigkeit im Innern des Behälters und in geringerem Maße auch im Innern des Sammelraumes durch das Rührelement 4 in eine Rotation um die Behälterlängsachse versetzt, so daß sich im Behälter ein im wesentlichen parabelförmiger Flüssigkeitsspiegel ausbildet, der im Sammelraum zunehmend flacher verläuft. Von unten wird in den Behälter Lösungsmittel und Emulgator eingeführt, durch das Rohr 11 von oben die wässrige Aufschlämmung. Dabei tritt ein wesentlicher Teil der wässrigen Aufschlämmung durch die stirnseitige Austrittsöffnung 14 unmittelbar in den oberhalb des Rührelementes 4 liegenden Bereich ein, in dem eine besonders intensive Durchmischung stattfindet, wie dies in Figur 1 durch die Pfeile A angedeutet ist. In diesem Bereich ist die Konzentration der wässrigen Aufschlämmung gering, wodurch die Emulsionsbildung gefördert wird. Nachdem in dem Bereich oberhalb des Rührelementes 4 die Emulsionsbildung begonnen hat, wird die gebildete Emulsion längs der Behälterwände nach oben getrieben, wobei durch die seitlichen Öffnungen 15 im Rohr 11 weitere wässrige Aufschlämmung in die Emulsion eintritt und emulgiert wird. Nach Erreichen des oberen Randes des Behälters 1 hat die Emulsion die gewünschte Zusammensetzung erreicht, wobei eine gründliche und gleichmäßige Durchmischung stattgefunden hat, da die wässrige Aufschlämmung aus dem ortsfesten Rohr in die sich schnell um das Rohr drehende Emulsion eingeleitet wird.In the operation of the device described, the liquid inside the container and to a lesser extent inside the collecting space is set in rotation about the longitudinal axis of the container by the stirring element 4, so that an essentially parabolic liquid level is formed in the container, which is increasingly flatter in the collecting space runs. Solvent and emulsifier are introduced into the container from below, and the aqueous slurry through tube 11 from above. A substantial part of the aqueous slurry enters through the front exit opening 14 directly into the area above the stirring element 4, in which particularly intensive mixing takes place, as indicated by the arrows A in FIG. In this area, the concentration of the aqueous slurry is low, which promotes emulsion formation. After the emulsion formation has begun in the area above the stirring element 4, the emulsion formed is driven upwards along the container walls, further aqueous slurry entering the emulsion through the side openings 15 in the tube 11 and being emulsified. After reaching the upper edge of the container 1, the emulsion has reached the desired composition, thorough and uniform mixing having taken place, since the aqueous slurry is introduced from the stationary tube into the emulsion rotating rapidly around the tube.

In dem Sammelraum oberhalb des oberen Randes 9 des Behälters 1 und auch in dem den Behälter 1 an der Oberseite umgebenden Ringraum oberhalb der Unterseite 7 des Sammelraums 6 beruhigt und stabilisiert sich die Emulsion, die dann schließlich durch den Auslaß 10 gegebenenfalls durch eine in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte Verwirbelungskammer ihrer endgültigen Verwendung zugeführt werden kann. In der Wirbelkammer, die mit Schikanen ausgerüstet sein kann, ergibt sich eine Nachstabilisierung der Emulsion.In the collecting space above the upper edge 9 of the container 1 and also in the annular space surrounding the container 1 on the upper side above the underside 7 of the collecting space 6, the emulsion calms down and stabilizes, which is then finally discharged through the outlet 10, if necessary, in the drawing Swirl chamber, not shown, can be supplied for their final use. The emulsion is subsequently stabilized in the swirl chamber, which can be equipped with baffles.

Wichtig ist in diesem Zusammenhang die allmähliche Einmischung der in der Emulsion am Ende volumenmäßig einen größeren Anteil einnehmenden wässrigen Aufschlämmung. Dadurch ist die Konzentration der Aufschlämmung am Beginn der Emulsionsbildung wesentlich geringer als die Konzentration in der fertigen Emulsion, und dies führt dazu, daß die Emulsionsbildung in der gewünschten Weise erfolgen kann. Erst nach und nach wird die Konzentration der wässrigen Aufschlämmung in der Emulsion erhöht, und zwar in dem Maße, in dem die Flüssigkeit im Behälter nach oben wandert.In this context, it is important to gradually mix in the aqueous slurry, which in the end takes up a larger proportion in volume in the emulsion. As a result, the concentration of the slurry at the beginning of the emulsion formation is substantially lower than the concentration in the finished emulsion, and this means that the emulsion formation can take place in the desired manner. It is only gradually that the concentration of the aqueous slurry in the emulsion increases, to the extent that the liquid in the container moves upward.

Das in Figur 2 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel ist ähnlich aufgebaut wie das der Figur 1, gleiche Teile tragen daher dieselben Bezugszeichen.The embodiment shown in Figure 2 is constructed similarly to that of Figure 1, the same parts therefore have the same reference numerals.

Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Behälter 1 nicht kreiszylindrisch ausgebildet, sondern die Wand des Behälters 1 hat einen parabetförmigen Verlauf, wobei die Parabel am unteren Ende durch den ebenen Boden 2 abgeschnitten ist. Der Sammelraum 6 umgibt den Behälter 1 vollständig, so daß die Unterseite 7 des Sammelraumes 6 mit dem Boden 2 des Behälters 1 in einer Ebene liegt.In this embodiment, the container 1 is not circular cylindrical, but the wall of the container 1 has a parabola-shaped course, the parabola being cut off at the lower end by the flat bottom 2. The collecting space 6 completely surrounds the container 1, so that the underside 7 of the collecting space 6 lies in one plane with the bottom 2 of the container 1.

Die Einleitung der wässrigen Aufschlämmung erfolgt nicht über ein konzentrisch eingeführtes Rohr, sondern über mehrere radial den Sammelraum 6 durchsetzende und in die Wand des Behälters 1 einmündende Zufuhrleitungen 20, die in verschiedenen Höhen angeordnet sind. Dadurch wird wie im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 1 die wässrige Aufschlämmung zunächst über tiefliegende Zufuhrleitungen in den Raum oberhalb des Rührelementes 4 eingebracht, in dem die Konzentration der wässrigen Aufschlämmung wesentlich geringer ist als die Endkonzentration in der fertigen Emulsion. Beim Aufsteigen der Emulsion im Inneren des Behälters 1 wird nachfolgend durch höher gelegene Zufuhrleitungen 20 zusätzliche wässrige Aufschlämmung eingebracht, bis schließlich die Endkonzentration erreicht ist.The introduction of the aqueous slurry does not take place via a concentrically introduced pipe, but rather via a plurality of feed lines 20 which radially penetrate the collecting space 6 and open into the wall of the container 1 and are arranged at different heights. As a result, as in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1, the aqueous slurry is first introduced via deep-lying feed lines into the space above the stirring element 4, in which the concentration of the aqueous slurry is substantially lower than the final concentration in the finished emulsion. When the emulsion rises inside the container 1, additional aqueous slurry is subsequently introduced through higher-level feed lines until the final concentration is finally reached.

Auch bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist eine Entlüftungsleitung 17a vorgesehen, die in diesem Falle nicht von der Zufuhrleitung für die wässrige Aufschlämmung abzweigt, sondern am Deckel 8 gehalten ist. Wie im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 1, weist die Zufuhrleitung einen konisch sich verengenden Bereich 18a auf und umgibt einen Schwimmkörper 19a, der die Entlüftungsleitung im Bereich des konisch sich verengenden Bereiches verschließen kann.In this embodiment, too, a vent line 17a is provided, which in this case does not branch off from the feed line for the aqueous slurry, but is held on the cover 8. As in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1, the feed line has a conically narrowing region 18a and surrounds a floating body 19a which can close the vent line in the region of the conically narrowing region.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 3 ist ähnlich aufgebaut wie das der Figur 2, einander entsprechende Teile tragen dieselben Bezugszeichen.The embodiment of Figure 3 is constructed similarly to that of Figure 2, corresponding parts have the same reference numerals.

Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Zufuhrleitungen 20 nicht radial in den Behälter eingeführt, sondern tangential, und zwar in einem einheitlichen Drehsinn, so daß durch die eingeleitete wässrige Aufschlämmung die Flüssigkeit im Innern des Behälters in Rotation versetzt wird. Es ist dadurch möglich, auf ein Rührelement im Behälter zu verzichten. Im übrigen erfolgt die Emulsionsbildung in derselben Weise wie im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 2.In this embodiment, the feed lines 20 are not introduced radially into the container, but tangentially, namely in a uniform direction of rotation, so that the liquid in the interior of the container is set in rotation by the aqueous slurry introduced. This makes it possible to dispense with a stirring element in the container. Otherwise, the emulsion is formed in the same way as in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2.

In allen Ausführungsbeispielen befindet sich das Innere des Behälters und des Sammelraums unter Überdruck, d.h. die beiden in den Innenraum eingespeisten Komponenten werden unter Druck eingespeist.In all of the exemplary embodiments, the inside of the container and the collecting space is under excess pressure, ie the two are inside Components fed into the room are fed under pressure.

Claims (18)

1. Apparatus for producing a stable emulsion for use in purification and decontamination installations, which emulsion contains solid materials suspended in water, a solvent, and an emulsifier: wherein there is provided, in a container (1) which is of circular cross section at the bottom (2), a supply pipe for the solvent and the emulsifier, which have a greater specific weight than water; above this supply pipe (5) there opens into the container (1) an intake (pipe 11; feed pipes 20) for the solid materials which are suspended in water, devices (stirring element 4; tangential feed pipes 20) being provided, which set the contents of the container (1) into rotation about the longftu- dinal axis thereof; the container (1) being surrounded by a collecting chamber (6) which receives any emulsion which overflows at the upper edge (9) of the container (1) and wherefrom there opens an outlet (10) for the prepared emulsion, and the intake (11; 20) for the solid materials which are suspended in water opens into the container (1) at several places of the container (1), at different heights and below the upper edge (9) thereof.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the device which sets the contents of the container (1) into rotation is a stirring element (4) which is rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the container (1), on the bottom (2) of the container (1).
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that the stirring element (4) is a flat disc.
4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the stirring element (4) is held on a drive shaft (3) which passes in a sealed manner through the bottom (2) of the container (1).
5. Apparatus according to any one of the claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the supply pipe (5) for the solvent and the emulsifier opens into the container (1) below the stirring element (4).
6. Apparatus according to any one of the claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the intake for the solid materials which are suspended in water is formed by a tube (11) which enters into the container (1) concentrically from above and which has outlet openings (14 and/or 15) on its front side (13) and at different heights in its cylindrical outer surface (side wall 16).
7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that the tube (11) terminates at approximately half the height of the container (1).
8. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that from the tube (11) there branches off a ventilating pipe (17) which is closable by means of a floating member (19).
9. Apparatus according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the intake for the solid materials suspended in water is formed by feed pipes (20) which open into the side wall of the container (1).
10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that the feed pipes (20) open radially thereinto.
11. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that the feed pipes (20) open tangentially into the container (1) in the same direction of rotation.
12. Apparatus according to any one of the claims 1 to 7 or 9 to 11, characterised in that a ventilating pipe (17a) is provided, which ventilates the container (1) and which is closable by means of a floating member (19a).
13. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the collecting chamber (6) of the container (1) projects out on the upper side thereof.
14. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outlet (10) is arranged in the region of the underside (7) of the collecting chamber (6).
15. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterised in that the underside (7) of the collecting chamber (6) is arranged between the bottom (2) of the container (1) and approximately 2/3 of the height of the container.
16. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the container (1) is of cylindrical construction.
17. Apparatus according to any one of the claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the side walls of the container (1) extend in a parabolic shape.
18. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a swirl chamber is adjacent to the outlet (10).
EP85113281A 1984-11-14 1985-10-19 Device for the generation of a stable emulsion for use in cleaning and decontamination equipments Expired - Lifetime EP0182110B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT85113281T ATE49512T1 (en) 1984-11-14 1985-10-19 DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A STABLE EMULSION FOR USE IN CLEANING AND DETOXIFICATION EQUIPMENT.

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DE3441529 1984-11-14
DE19843441529 DE3441529A1 (en) 1984-11-14 1984-11-14 DEVICE FOR GENERATING A STABLE EMULSION FOR USE IN CLEANING AND DETOXIFYING DEVICES

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EP0182110A3 EP0182110A3 (en) 1987-05-06
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US4750843A (en) 1988-06-14
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DE3441529A1 (en) 1986-05-22
DE3575381D1 (en) 1990-02-22
EP0182110A3 (en) 1987-05-06

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