EP0176527A1 - Floodlight with light intensity adjustment - Google Patents

Floodlight with light intensity adjustment

Info

Publication number
EP0176527A1
EP0176527A1 EP85901381A EP85901381A EP0176527A1 EP 0176527 A1 EP0176527 A1 EP 0176527A1 EP 85901381 A EP85901381 A EP 85901381A EP 85901381 A EP85901381 A EP 85901381A EP 0176527 A1 EP0176527 A1 EP 0176527A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
headlight according
beam path
different
reflector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85901381A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Achim Willing
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Ing Willing GmbH
Original Assignee
Dr Ing Willing GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dr Ing Willing GmbH filed Critical Dr Ing Willing GmbH
Publication of EP0176527A1 publication Critical patent/EP0176527A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/04—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/006—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by means of optical elements, e.g. films, filters or screens, being rolled up around a roller
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/06—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0008—Reflectors for light sources providing for indirect lighting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0025—Combination of two or more reflectors for a single light source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
    • F21V7/28—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/40—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters with provision for controlling spectral properties, e.g. colour, or intensity

Definitions

  • Illumination headlights with adjustable light intensity distribution are provided.
  • the invention relates to an illuminating spotlight with adjustable light intensity distribution with a light source and an optical device which directs the light beams.
  • the lighting spotlights used for film, television and video are divided into different types of spotlights, which have arisen in particular as a result of their light distribution requirements.
  • three types of headlights are used, parabolic headlights, stepped lens headlights and surface spotlights, all of which can be used for different light sources, for example halogen incandescent lamps of different operating voltages and high-pressure discharge lamps.
  • the parabolic headlamp has a beam of light and a high luminous efficiency, since a large solid angle of the light source is detected by the parabolic reflector.
  • the light intensity distribution is fixed and cannot be changed, since a displacement of the lamp out of the focal point leads to a damming in of the light intensity distribution in the headlight axis and is therefore practically not applicable.
  • the surface spotlight also has a high luminaire efficiency and has a reflector optic with a fixed, extremely wide light distribution.
  • This headlight can also correspond to the parabolic headlight its light intensity distribution cannot be changed.
  • the most important type of projector is the stepped lens headlight shown in FIG. 1, which can be adjusted in its light intensity distribution.
  • the radiation emerging from a lamp 1 is reflected by a spherical mirror 12, as a result of which the luminous flux flowing in the direction of a collective lens designed as a stepped lens 6 increases without substantially changing the luminous intensity distribution of the lamp 1 in the spatial angle of interest.
  • the light intensity distribution can be adjusted by displacing the lamp 1 relative to the step lens 6, the two extreme light intensity distributions, the spot position 7 with a half-value angle of approximately 9 and the flood position 8 with a half-value angle of approximately 60 in FIG. 2 are shown.
  • the stepped lens headlights have the disadvantage that they have a very poor lighting efficiency.
  • the efficiency is limited on the one hand by the fact that only a part of the lamp luminous flux is encompassed by the lens, this proportion depending on the lamp position and thus on the spatial angle which the lens occupies with the lamp.
  • the stepped lens itself limits the luminaire efficiency through reflection losses on the prism surfaces, which are arranged obliquely in the beam path in order to achieve the optical effect.
  • there are losses in the so-called draft angles of the stepped lens which connect the prism steps to one another, with the partial use of the clear light in FIG. 3 Diameter of the stepped lens 6 is shown.
  • the prism surfaces 9 provide luminous zones, while the bevels 13 remain dark in the main beam direction and thus make no contribution to the light intensity. The transitions between draft angles 13 and prism surfaces 9, which cause unwanted scattered light, are also disturbing.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing an illuminating headlight which, with a high degree of luminaire efficiency, ensures an adjustment of the light intensity distribution in a large setting range, the aim being to reduce the weight and reduce the risk of breakage.
  • the headlamp according to the invention consists of a combination of light-focusing optics and an optical scattering device which can be brought into the beam path and reflects or transmits the light, the surface structure of which can be changed in accordance with the different light intensity distributions to be set, makes a large adjustment range without the need to shift the light source given so that the luminaire efficiency does not change at the different light intensity distributions and very much so can be made high.
  • the transmitting or reflecting disk is designed as a film that can be unwound from a roll, for example, and transported through the beam path by a transport device and wound up again. Since no complex optics with lenses and the like are necessary for the scattering device, the headlamp can be manufactured more cost-effectively and the weight of the entire headlamp is considerably reduced. In all of the exemplary embodiments, the risk of breakage is considerably reduced and practically excluded when using foils.
  • FIG. 4 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the optical structure of the headlamp according to the invention with a transmitting lens
  • FIG. 5 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the optical structure of the headlight according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the headlight according to the invention, in which a film is used as the scattering device, which is transported through the beam path and wound up and down outside the beam path.
  • the headlamp shown schematically in FIG. 4 has a light-focusing optic 2 and a scattering device 4.
  • the light-bundling optics are reflector optics which, in order to capture the lamp luminous flux as completely as possible, envelops the lamp 1 in all of its light-emitting directions if possible.
  • the light-focusing optic 2 consists of a spherical reflector 12 and a paraboloid of revolution 14, the spherical reflector 12 reflecting the radiation from the lamp 1 onto the paraboloid of revolution 14, which in turn directs the radiation in the direction of the scattering device 4.
  • the scattering device 4 consists of a transmitting disk 11 placed perpendicular to the beam path whose surface structure determines the light intensity distribution.
  • the entire surface of the transmitting lens 11 is provided with different structures, so that the light intensity distribution can be changed by changing the areas of the transmitting lens 11 brought into the beam path.
  • the areas can be changed by displacing the diffusing screen 11, the displacement being shown in FIG. 4 by the arrow 15.
  • the light-bundling optics can also be realized in a different way than shown in FIG. 4.
  • the reflectors can be elliptical, or combinations between ellipse and parabola are conceivable.
  • a combination of spherical mirror and converging lens can also be used as the light-bundling optics.
  • the light-bundling optics 2 is open on one side, in connection with the geometric arrangement of the scattering device 4, solutions with radiation on two or even more sides can also be useful.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment which, compared to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, has an even better efficiency and an even better adjustment range.
  • the scattering device 4 is formed by a scattering reflector 10 which is placed obliquely in the beam path.
  • the reference numbers 3 and 5 For a better representation of the assignment of the light beams, they are designated by the reference numbers 3 and 5.
  • the light intensity can distribution of the system can be controlled to the desired extent.
  • the light intensity distribution can in turn be controlled by the displacement of the reflector 4, indicated by arrow 15, so that the different structures enter the beam path.
  • the region of the scattering reflector 10 placed in the beam path points no structure, so that the beam 5 differs from the light beam 3 only in the degree of reflection of the surface of the scattering reflector 10.
  • the inclination of the scattering reflector 10 in the * beam path at the same time systematically means the limitation of the possible radiation directions to one side, namely at most parallel to the reflector surface.
  • the reflector surfaces of the scattering reflector 10, as indicated in FIG. 6, can be arranged symmetrically to one another on double-sided light-bundling optics.
  • the scattering device designed as a scattering disc or as a scattering reflector can consist of glass, plastic or a film, for example a surface-coated film. If a film is used, the transport and winding device 16 shown in FIG. 6 is suitable, by means of which the scattering device, which is designed as a film and used as a diffusing screen or reflector, is unwound from a roll, pulled through the beam path and wound up again on a roll can.
  • a further embodiment of the displaceability of the spreading device 4 is shown in FIG. 5 by the arrow 17 indicating a rotary movement.
  • the scattering reflector 10 or a corresponding transmitting disk is designed in such a way that the different surface Structures are arranged on the circumference of the spreading device designed as a disk.
  • the introduction of the different surface structure areas and thus the adjustability of the light intensity distribution takes place by rotating the disk.
  • Both this turning of the scattering device and the shifting according to FIG. 8 or FIG. 4 result in a quasi-continuous changeability of the light intensity distribution.
  • the scattering device 4 can consist of several scattering elements, for example designed as disks, each with different ones Structures exist, with one scatter element being exchanged for the other in order to change the light intensity distribution.
  • the scattering device is flat, but it can also have surfaces that are curved uniaxially or biaxially, and devices can be provided directly in the headlight, by means of which the surface of the scattering device is curved in order to influence the light intensity distribution Luminous intensity distribution can also be achieved by different coloring of the scattering device, whereby the volume scatter changes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Phare d'éclairage avec réglage de la répartition de l'intensité lumineuse, formé d'une combinaison d'une optique (2) réunissant la lumière en faisceau et d'un dispositif de diffusion optique (4) réfléchissant ou transmettant la lumière et installable dans le parcours des rayons lumineux. Le dispositif de diffusion comporte une structure superficielle différente correspondant aux différents réglages de la répartition de l'intensité lumineuse, qui peuvent être introduits dans le parcours des rayons lumineux.Lighting headlight with adjustment of the distribution of the light intensity, formed by a combination of an optic (2) gathering the light in a beam and an optical diffusion device (4) reflecting or transmitting the light and installable in the path of light rays. The diffusion device has a different surface structure corresponding to the different adjustments of the distribution of the light intensity, which can be introduced into the path of the light rays.

Description

Beleuchtunσsscheinwerfer mit einstellbarer Licht- stärkeverteilunσ Illumination headlights with adjustable light intensity distribution
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Beleuchtungsschein¬ werfer mit einstellbarer Lichtstärkeverteilung mit einer Lichtquelle und einer die Lichtstrahlen len¬ kenden optischen Einrichtung.The invention relates to an illuminating spotlight with adjustable light intensity distribution with a light source and an optical device which directs the light beams.
Die für Film, Fernsehen und Video verwendeten Be¬ leuchtungsscheinwerfer sind in unterschiedliche Scheinwerfertypen aufgeteilt, die insbesondere durch Anforderungen an ihre Lichtverteilung ent¬ standen sind. Im wesentlichen werden drei Schein¬ werfertypen angewandt, Parabolscheinwerfer, Stufen- linsenscheinwerfer und Flächenstrahler, die alle für unterschiedliche Lichtquellen, beispielsweise Halogenglühlampen unterschiedlicher Betriebsspan¬ nung und Hochdruckentladungslampen verwendbar sind.The lighting spotlights used for film, television and video are divided into different types of spotlights, which have arisen in particular as a result of their light distribution requirements. Essentially, three types of headlights are used, parabolic headlights, stepped lens headlights and surface spotlights, all of which can be used for different light sources, for example halogen incandescent lamps of different operating voltages and high-pressure discharge lamps.
Der Parabolscheinwerfer besitzt ein eήgstrahlendes Lichtbündel und einen hohen Leuchf$irkungsgrad, da ein großer Raumwinkel der Lichtquelle von dem ParabolrefLektor erfaßt wird. Die LichtStärkever¬ teilung ist fest vorgegeben und kann nicht ver¬ ändert werden, da eine Verschiebung der Lampe aus dem Brennpunkt heraus zu einer Einsattelung der Lichtstärkeverteilung in der Scheinwerferachse führt und somit praktisch nicht anwendbar ist.The parabolic headlamp has a beam of light and a high luminous efficiency, since a large solid angle of the light source is detected by the parabolic reflector. The light intensity distribution is fixed and cannot be changed, since a displacement of the lamp out of the focal point leads to a damming in of the light intensity distribution in the headlight axis and is therefore practically not applicable.
Der Flächenstrahler weist ebenfalls einen hohen Leuchtenwirkungsgrad auf und besitzt eine Reflek¬ toroptik mit fest eingestellter, extrem breiter Lichtstärkeverteilung. Entsprechend dem Para¬ bolscheinwerfer kann auch dieser Scheinwerfer nicht in seiner Lichtstärkeverteilung veränderbar eingestellt werden.The surface spotlight also has a high luminaire efficiency and has a reflector optic with a fixed, extremely wide light distribution. This headlight can also correspond to the parabolic headlight its light intensity distribution cannot be changed.
Der wichtigste Seheinwerfertyp ist der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Stufenlinsenscheinwerfer, der in sei¬ ner Lichtstärkeverteilung einstellbar ist. Die aus einer Lampe 1 austretende Strahlung wird von einem Kugelspiegel 12 reflektiert, wodurch sich der in Richtung einer als Stufenlinse 6 ausgebildete Sam¬ mellinse fließende Lichtstrom erhöht, ohne dabei die Lichtstärkeverteilung der Lampe 1 im inter¬ essierenden Raumwinkel wesentlich zu verändern. Durch Verschiebung der Lampe 1 relativ zur Stufen¬ linse 6 kann die Lichtstärkeverteilung verstellt werden, wobei die beiden extremen Lich stärkeVer¬ teilungen, die Spotstellung 7 mit einem Halbwerts¬ winkel von ungefähr 9 und die Flutstellung 8 mit einem Halbwertswinkel von ungefähr 60 in Fig. 2 dargestellt sind.The most important type of projector is the stepped lens headlight shown in FIG. 1, which can be adjusted in its light intensity distribution. The radiation emerging from a lamp 1 is reflected by a spherical mirror 12, as a result of which the luminous flux flowing in the direction of a collective lens designed as a stepped lens 6 increases without substantially changing the luminous intensity distribution of the lamp 1 in the spatial angle of interest. The light intensity distribution can be adjusted by displacing the lamp 1 relative to the step lens 6, the two extreme light intensity distributions, the spot position 7 with a half-value angle of approximately 9 and the flood position 8 with a half-value angle of approximately 60 in FIG. 2 are shown.
Die Stufenlinsenscheinwerfer haben aber den Nach¬ teil, daß sie einen sehr schlechten Leuchtenwir¬ kungsgrad aufweisen. Der Wirkungsgrad wird einer¬ seits dadurch begrenzt, daß nur ein Teil des Lampen¬ lichtstroms von der Linse umfaßt wird, wobei dieser Anteil von der Lampenstellung und damit von dem Raumwiπkel, den die Linse zur Lampe einnimmt, ab¬ hängt. Andererseits begrenzt die Stufenlinse selbst den Leuchtenwirkungsgrad durch Reflektionsverluste an den Prismenflächen, die zur Erreichung des op¬ tischen Effektes schräg im Strahlengang angeordnet sind. Weiterhin entstehen Verluste an den soge¬ nannten Entformungsschrägen der Stufenlinse, die die Prismenstufen miteinander verbinden, wobei in Fig. 3 die nur teilweise Ausnutzung des lichten Durchmessers der Stufenlinse 6 dargestellt ist. Die Prismenflächen 9 liefern leuchtende Zonen, während die Entfor ungsschrägen 13 in Hauptstrahlrichtung dunkel bleiben, und somit keinen Beitrag zur Licht¬ stärke leisten. Störend sind außerdem die Übergänge zwischen Entformungsschrägen 13 und Prismenflächen 9, die unerwünschtes Streulicht verursachen.However, the stepped lens headlights have the disadvantage that they have a very poor lighting efficiency. The efficiency is limited on the one hand by the fact that only a part of the lamp luminous flux is encompassed by the lens, this proportion depending on the lamp position and thus on the spatial angle which the lens occupies with the lamp. On the other hand, the stepped lens itself limits the luminaire efficiency through reflection losses on the prism surfaces, which are arranged obliquely in the beam path in order to achieve the optical effect. Furthermore, there are losses in the so-called draft angles of the stepped lens, which connect the prism steps to one another, with the partial use of the clear light in FIG. 3 Diameter of the stepped lens 6 is shown. The prism surfaces 9 provide luminous zones, while the bevels 13 remain dark in the main beam direction and thus make no contribution to the light intensity. The transitions between draft angles 13 and prism surfaces 9, which cause unwanted scattered light, are also disturbing.
Weitere Nachteile des bekannten Stufenlinsenschein- werfers sind die hohe Bruchgefahr, die sich aus dem Material der Stufenlinse in Zusammenhang mit der komplizierten Form ergibt und das hohe Gewicht der Stufenlinse.Further disadvantages of the known stepped lens headlight are the high risk of breakage which results from the material of the stepped lens in connection with the complicated shape and the high weight of the stepped lens.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer zu schaffen, der bei hohem Leuchtenwirkungsgrad eine Verstellung der Lichtstär¬ keverteilung in einem großen Einstellbereich gewähr¬ leistet, wobei eine Verringerung des Gewichtes sowie eine Verringerung der Bruchgefahr erreicht werden soll.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing an illuminating headlight which, with a high degree of luminaire efficiency, ensures an adjustment of the light intensity distribution in a large setting range, the aim being to reduce the weight and reduce the risk of breakage.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kenn¬ zeichnenden Merkmale des Hauptanspruchs in Verbin¬ dung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of the main claim in conjunction with the features of the preamble.
Dadurch, daß der erfindungsgemäße Scheinwerfer aus einer Kombination aus einer lichtbündelnden Optik und einer in den Strahlengang bringbaren, das Licht reflektierenden oder transmittierenden optischen Streuvorrichtung besteht, deren Oberflächenstruktur entsprechend den unterschiedlichen einzustellenden Lichtstärkeverteilungen veränderbar ist, wird ein großer Verstellbereich ohne die Notwendigkeit der Verschiebung der Lichtquelle gegeben, so daß der Leuchtenwirkungsgrad bei den verschiedenen Licht¬ stärkeverteilungen sich nicht verändert und sehr hoch gemacht werden kann.The fact that the headlamp according to the invention consists of a combination of light-focusing optics and an optical scattering device which can be brought into the beam path and reflects or transmits the light, the surface structure of which can be changed in accordance with the different light intensity distributions to be set, makes a large adjustment range without the need to shift the light source given so that the luminaire efficiency does not change at the different light intensity distributions and very much so can be made high.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen angegebenen Maß-The dimensions specified in the subclaims
Weiter- nahmen sind vorteilhafte bildungen und Verbesserungen möglich. Durch Vorsehen einer transmittierenden oder reflektierenden Scheibe, die unterschiedliche Ober¬ flächenstrukturen aufweist, können durch Verschieben der Scheibe und somit Einbringen der unterschied¬ lichen Oberflächenstrukturen in den Strahlengang kontinuierlich unterschiedliche Lichtstärkeverteilun¬ gen erzielt werden.Advantageous education and improvements are possible. By providing a transmitting or reflecting pane which has different surface structures, different light intensity distributions can be continuously achieved by moving the pane and thus introducing the different surface structures into the beam path.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn die transmittierende oder reflektierende Scheibe als Folie ausgebildet ist, die beispielsweise von einer Rolle abgewickelt und durch eine Transportvorrichtung durch den Strah¬ lengang transportiert und wieder aufgewickelt werden kann. Da für die Streuvorrichtung keine aufwendigen Optiken mit Linsen und dergleichen notwendig sind, ist der Scheinwerfer kostengünstiger herzustellen und das Gewicht des gesamten Scheinwerfers wird er¬ heblich reduziert. Bei allen Ausführungsbeispielen wird die Bruchgefahr erheblich verringert und bei der Verwendung von Folien praktisch ausgeschlossen.It is particularly advantageous if the transmitting or reflecting disk is designed as a film that can be unwound from a roll, for example, and transported through the beam path by a transport device and wound up again. Since no complex optics with lenses and the like are necessary for the scattering device, the headlamp can be manufactured more cost-effectively and the weight of the entire headlamp is considerably reduced. In all of the exemplary embodiments, the risk of breakage is considerably reduced and practically excluded when using foils.
Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher er¬ läutert. Es zeigen:The invention is illustrated in the drawing and is explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1 die optische Anordnung eines Stufen- linsenscheinwerfers entsprechend dem Stand der Technik,1 shows the optical arrangement of a stepped lens headlight according to the prior art,
Fig. 2 den Bereich der Ausstrahlungswinkel eines Stufenlinsenscheinwerfers nach dem Stand der Technik in der Spot- Stellung und Flutstellung,2 shows the range of the beam angle of a stepped lens headlight according to the prior art in the spot Position and flood position,
Fig. 3 den Ausstrahlungsbereich einer Stufen¬ linse entsprechend dem Stand der Technik,3 shows the radiation area of a step lens according to the prior art,
Fig. 4 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel des optischen Aufbaus des erfindungsge¬ mäßen Scheinwerfers mit transmittieren- de Streuscheibe,4 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the optical structure of the headlamp according to the invention with a transmitting lens,
Fig. 5 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel des optischen Aufbaus des erfindungsge¬ mäßen Scheinwerfers und5 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the optical structure of the headlight according to the invention, and
Fig. 6 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfers, bei dem als Streuvorrichtung eine Folie verwendet wird, die durch den Strahlen¬ gang hindurchtransportiert und außer¬ halb des Strahlengangs auf- und abge¬ wickelt wird.6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the headlight according to the invention, in which a film is used as the scattering device, which is transported through the beam path and wound up and down outside the beam path.
Der in Fig. 4 schematisch dargestellte Scheinwerfer weist eine lichtbündelnde Optik 2 und eine Streuvor¬ richtung 4 auf. Die lichtbündelnde Optik ist eine Reflektoroptik, die zur möglichst vollständigen Er¬ fassung des Lampenlichtstromes die Lampe 1 möglichst in allen ihren lichtabstrahlenden Richtungen umhüllt. Die lichtbündelnde Optik 2 besteht aus einem Kugel¬ reflektor 12 und einem Rotationsparaboloid 14, wobei der Kugelreflektor 12 die Strahlung der Lampe 1 auf das Rotationsparaboloid 14 reflektiert, das wiederum die Strahlung in Richtung Streuvorrichtung 4 lenkt. Die Streuvorrichtung 4 besteht aus einer senkrecht zum Strahlengang gestellten transmittierenden Scheibe 11 deren Oberflächenstruktur die Lichtstärkeverteilung bestimmt. Die gesamte Oberfläche der transmittieren¬ den Streuscheibe 11 ist mit unterschiedlichen Struk¬ turen versehen, so daß durch Verändern der in den Strahlengang gebrachten Bereiche der transmittieren¬ den Streuscheibe 11 die LichtStärkeverteilung geän¬ dert werden kann. Das Verändern der Bereiche kann durch Verschieben der Streuscheibe 11 erfolgen, wo¬ bei die Verschiebung in der Fig. 4 durch den Pfeil 15 dargestellt ist.The headlamp shown schematically in FIG. 4 has a light-focusing optic 2 and a scattering device 4. The light-bundling optics are reflector optics which, in order to capture the lamp luminous flux as completely as possible, envelops the lamp 1 in all of its light-emitting directions if possible. The light-focusing optic 2 consists of a spherical reflector 12 and a paraboloid of revolution 14, the spherical reflector 12 reflecting the radiation from the lamp 1 onto the paraboloid of revolution 14, which in turn directs the radiation in the direction of the scattering device 4. The scattering device 4 consists of a transmitting disk 11 placed perpendicular to the beam path whose surface structure determines the light intensity distribution. The entire surface of the transmitting lens 11 is provided with different structures, so that the light intensity distribution can be changed by changing the areas of the transmitting lens 11 brought into the beam path. The areas can be changed by displacing the diffusing screen 11, the displacement being shown in FIG. 4 by the arrow 15.
Die lichtbündelnde Optik kann auch in anderer Weise als in Fig. 4 dargestellt, realisiert werden. Bei¬ spielsweise können die Reflektoren elliptisch aus¬ gebildet sein, oder es sind Kombinationen zwischen Ellipse und Parabel denkbar. Abhängig von den Ab¬ strahlcharakteristiken der Lampen kann als licht¬ bündelnde Optik auch eine Kombination von Kugel¬ spiegel und Sammellinse herangezogen werden. In der Fig. 4 ist die lichtbündelnde Optik 2 nach einer Seite geöffnet, im Zusammenhang mit der geometrischen Anordnung der StreuVorrichtung 4 können auch Lösungen mit Abstrahlungen nach zwei oder auch nach mehr Seiten sinnvoll sein.The light-bundling optics can also be realized in a different way than shown in FIG. 4. For example, the reflectors can be elliptical, or combinations between ellipse and parabola are conceivable. Depending on the radiation characteristics of the lamps, a combination of spherical mirror and converging lens can also be used as the light-bundling optics. 4, the light-bundling optics 2 is open on one side, in connection with the geometric arrangement of the scattering device 4, solutions with radiation on two or even more sides can also be useful.
Fig. 5 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel, das gegenüber dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 4 einen noch besseren Wirkungsgrad und einen noch besseren Verstellbereich aufweist. In dieser Ausführungsform wird die Streuvorrichtung 4 durch einen Streureflek- tor 10 gebildet, der schräg in den Strahlengang gestellt wird. Zur besseren Darstellung der Zuord¬ nung der Lichtbündel sind diese mit den Bezugs¬ ziffern 3 und 5 bezeichnet. Je nach Oberfläche dieses Reflektors 10 - ohne Struktur bis zu stark ausgeprägter Struktur - kann damit die Lichtstärke- verteiiung des Systems in gewünschtem Maße gesteuert werden. Die Steuerung der Lichtstärkeverteilung kann wiederum durch die mit dem Pfeil 15 angedeutete Ver¬ schiebung des Reflektors 4 erfolgen, so daß die un¬ terschiedlichen Strukturen in den Strahlengang gelan¬ gen. Nach der Fig. 5 weist der in den Strahlengang gestellte Bereich des Streureflektors 10 keine Struk¬ tur auf, so daß sich das Strahlenbündel 5 nur durch den Reflektionsgrad der Oberfläche des Streureflek¬ tors 10 vom Lichtbündel 3 unterscheidet. Die Schräg¬ stellung des Streureflektors 10 im* Strahlengang be¬ deutet gleichzeitig systematisch die Begrenzung der möglichen Austrahlungsrichtungen nach einer Seite, nämlich höchstens parallel zur Reflektoroberfläche. Um diesen Nachteil für extrem breite Austrahlung aus¬ zugleichen, können die Reflektorflächen des Streu¬ reflektors 10, wie in Fig. 6 angedeutet, symmetrisch zueinander an zweiseitig abstrahlenden lichtbündeln¬ den Optiken angeordnet werden.FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment which, compared to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, has an even better efficiency and an even better adjustment range. In this embodiment, the scattering device 4 is formed by a scattering reflector 10 which is placed obliquely in the beam path. For a better representation of the assignment of the light beams, they are designated by the reference numbers 3 and 5. Depending on the surface of this reflector 10 - without a structure up to a pronounced structure - the light intensity can distribution of the system can be controlled to the desired extent. The light intensity distribution can in turn be controlled by the displacement of the reflector 4, indicated by arrow 15, so that the different structures enter the beam path. According to FIG. 5, the region of the scattering reflector 10 placed in the beam path points no structure, so that the beam 5 differs from the light beam 3 only in the degree of reflection of the surface of the scattering reflector 10. The inclination of the scattering reflector 10 in the * beam path at the same time systematically means the limitation of the possible radiation directions to one side, namely at most parallel to the reflector surface. In order to compensate for this disadvantage for extremely wide radiation, the reflector surfaces of the scattering reflector 10, as indicated in FIG. 6, can be arranged symmetrically to one another on double-sided light-bundling optics.
Die als Streuscheibe oder als Streureflektor ausge¬ bildete Streuvorrichtung kann aus Glas, Kunststoff oder aus einer Folie, beispielsweise einer ober¬ flächenbeschichteten Folie bestehen. Wird eine Folie verwendet, so bietet sich die in Fig. 6 dargestellte Transport- und AufWickelvorrichtung 16 an, durch die die als Folie ausgebildete und als Streuscheibe oder Reflektor verwendete Streuvorrichtung von einer Rolle abgewickelt, durch den Strahlengang gezogen und auf eine Rolle wieder aufgewickelt werde kann. Eine weitere Ausbildung der Verschiebbarkeit der Streuvorrichtung 4 ist in Fig. 5 durch den eine Drehbewegung andeutenden Pfeil 17 dargestellt. In diesem Falle ist der Streureflektor 10 oder eine entsprechende transmittierende Scheibe in der Weise ausgebildet, daß die unterschiedlichen Oberflächen- Strukturen auf dem Umfang der als Scheibe ausge¬ bildeten Streuvorrichtung angeordnet sind. Das Ein¬ bringen der unterschiedlichen Oberflächenstruktur¬ bereiche und damit die Verstellbarkeit der Licht¬ stärkeverteilung erfolgt durch Drehen der Scheibe. Sowohl dieses Drehen der Streuvorrichtung als auch das Verschieben nach Fig. 8 oder Fig. 4 ergeben eine quasi - kontinuierliche-Veränderbarkeit der Lichtstärkeverteilung, in einer anderen Ausfüh¬ rungsform kann die Stre Vorrichtung 4 aus mehreren beispielsweise als Scheiben ausgebildeten Streu¬ elementen mit jeweils anderen Strukturen bestehen, wobei zur Änderung der Lichtstärkeverteilung jeweils ein Streuelement gegen das andere ausgetauscht wird.The scattering device designed as a scattering disc or as a scattering reflector can consist of glass, plastic or a film, for example a surface-coated film. If a film is used, the transport and winding device 16 shown in FIG. 6 is suitable, by means of which the scattering device, which is designed as a film and used as a diffusing screen or reflector, is unwound from a roll, pulled through the beam path and wound up again on a roll can. A further embodiment of the displaceability of the spreading device 4 is shown in FIG. 5 by the arrow 17 indicating a rotary movement. In this case, the scattering reflector 10 or a corresponding transmitting disk is designed in such a way that the different surface Structures are arranged on the circumference of the spreading device designed as a disk. The introduction of the different surface structure areas and thus the adjustability of the light intensity distribution takes place by rotating the disk. Both this turning of the scattering device and the shifting according to FIG. 8 or FIG. 4 result in a quasi-continuous changeability of the light intensity distribution. In another embodiment, the scattering device 4 can consist of several scattering elements, for example designed as disks, each with different ones Structures exist, with one scatter element being exchanged for the other in order to change the light intensity distribution.
In den dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen ist die Streuvorrichtung eben, sie kann aber auch einachsig oder zweiachsig gekrümmte Flächen aufweisen, und es können direkt in dem Scheinwerfer Vorrichtungen vorgesehen sein, durch die die Fläche der Streuvor¬ richtung zur Beeinflussung der Lichtstärkeverteilung gekrümmt wird» Eine weitere Beeinflussung der Licht¬ stärkeverteilung kann auch durch unterschiedliche Einfärbungen der Streuvorrichtung erfolgen, wodurch die Volumenstreuung sich verändert. In the exemplary embodiments shown, the scattering device is flat, but it can also have surfaces that are curved uniaxially or biaxially, and devices can be provided directly in the headlight, by means of which the surface of the scattering device is curved in order to influence the light intensity distribution Luminous intensity distribution can also be achieved by different coloring of the scattering device, whereby the volume scatter changes.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer mit einstellbarer Licht¬ stärkeverteilung mit einer Lichtquelle und einer die Lichtstrahlen lenkenden optischen Einrichtung, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Scheinwerfer eine Kombination aus einer lichtbündelnden Optik (2) und einer in den Strah¬ lengang bringbaren, das Licht reflektierenden oder transmittierenden optischen Streuvorrichtung (4) aufweist, deren Oberflächenstruktur ent¬ sprechend den unterschiedlichen einzustellenden Lichtstärkeverteilungen veränderbar ist.1. Illuminating headlamp with adjustable light intensity distribution with a light source and an optical device guiding the light rays, characterized in that the headlamp is a combination of light-bundling optics (2) and an optical scattering device that can be brought into the beam path and that reflects or transmits the light ( 4), the surface structure of which can be changed in accordance with the different light intensity distributions to be set.
2. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach Anspruch 1, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß die lichtbündelnde Optik (2) ein Parabolreflektor (14) ist, wobei die Lampe (1) im Brennpunkt liegt.2. Illumination headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that the light-focusing optics (2) is a parabolic reflector (14), the lamp (1) being in the focus.
3. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach Anspruch 1, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß die lichtbündelnde Optik ein Reflektor ist, dessen Schnittkurven Kegelschnitte sind, wobei die Lampe (1) im Brenn¬ punkt liegt.3. Illumination headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that the light-bundling optics is a reflector, the cutting curves of which are conic sections, the lamp (1) being in the focal point.
4. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche t bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die licht¬ bündelnde Optik (2) ein nach zwei Seiten sich öffnender Reflektor ist.4. Illumination headlight according to one of claims t to 3, characterized in that the light-bundling optics (2) is a reflector which opens on two sides.
5. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach Anspruch 1, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß die lichtbündelnde Optik (2) eine Sammellinse ist.5. Illumination headlight according to claim 1, da¬ characterized in that the light-focusing optics (2) is a converging lens.
6. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streu- Vorrichtung (4) über ihre Oberfläche verteilt unterschiedliche Strukturen aufweist und das die Einstellbarkeit der verschiedenen Licht¬ stärkeverteilungen durch quasi - kontinuier¬ liches Verschieben unterschiedlicher Oberflächen¬ bereiche in den Strahlengang erfolgt.6. Lighting headlight according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the scattering Device (4) has different structures distributed over its surface and that the adjustability of the different light intensity distributions takes place by quasi-continuous shifting of different surface areas in the beam path.
7. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streu¬ vorrichtung (4) aus mehreren getrennten Streuele¬ menten mit jeweils unterschiedlicher Oberflächen¬ struktur besteht und daß die Einstellbarkeit der verschiedenen Lichtstärkeyerteilung durch Aus¬ wechseln der Streuelemente erfolgt.7. Illuminating headlight according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the Streu¬ device (4) consists of several separate scattering elements, each with a different surface structure and that the adjustability of the different luminous intensity allocation is carried out by changing the scattering elements.
8. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streu¬ vorrichtung (4) scheibenförmig ausgebildet ist.8. Lighting headlight according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the Streu¬ device (4) is disc-shaped.
9. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streu¬ vorrichtung (4) eine schräg in den Strahlengang des gebündelten Lichtstroms gestellte Reflektor¬ fläche (10) aufweist.9. Lighting headlight according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the Streu¬ device (4) has an obliquely placed in the beam path of the bundled light flux reflector surface (10).
10. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streu¬ vorrichtung (4) eine in den Strahlengang des gebündelten Lichtstroms gestellte transmiitierende Scheibe (11) ist.10. Illuminating headlight according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the Streu¬ device (4) is a transmissive disc (11) placed in the beam path of the bundled light flux.
11. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streu¬ vorrichtung (4) aus einer Kombination einer senkrecht zum Strahlengang des gebündelten Lichtstroms gestellten transmittierenden Streu¬ scheibe (11) und einem schräg in den Strahlen¬ gang gestellten Reflektor (10) besteht.11. Lighting headlight according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the Streu¬ device (4) from a combination of a perpendicular to the beam path of the bundled Luminous flux transmitting diffuser (11) and a reflector (10) placed obliquely in the beam path.
12. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die im Strahlengang liegende Fläche der Streuvorrichtung (4 insgesamt eben ist.12. Lighting headlight according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the surface of the scattering device (4) lying in the beam path is flat overall.
13. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die im Strahlengang liegende Fläche der Streuvorrichtung (4) gekrümmt ist.13. Lighting headlight according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the surface of the scattering device (4) lying in the beam path is curved.
14.. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche14 .. Lighting headlights according to one of the claims
1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streu¬ vorrichtung (4) als reflektierende oder trans- ittierende Folie mit unterschiedlicher Ober¬ flächenstruktur ausgebildet ist.1 to 13, characterized in that the scattering device (4) is designed as a reflecting or transmitting film with a different surface structure.
15. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streu¬ vorrichtung (4) unterschiedlich eingefärbt ist.15. Lighting headlight according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the Streu¬ device (4) is colored differently.
16. Beleuchtungsscheinwerfer nach Anspruch 14, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Transport-/oder Aufwickelvorrichtung (16) vorgesehen ist, die die als Folie mit unterschiedlicher Oberflächen¬ struktur ausgebildete Streuvorrichtung durch den Strahlengang transportiert und aufwickelt. 16. Illuminating headlight according to claim 14, characterized in that a transport or winding device (16) is provided which transports and winds up the scattering device designed as a film with different surface structure through the beam path.
EP85901381A 1984-04-09 1985-04-04 Floodlight with light intensity adjustment Withdrawn EP0176527A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843413310 DE3413310A1 (en) 1984-04-09 1984-04-09 LIGHTING HEADLAMP WITH ADJUSTABLE BEAM ANGLE
DE3413310 1984-04-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0176527A1 true EP0176527A1 (en) 1986-04-09

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ID=6233069

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85901381A Withdrawn EP0176527A1 (en) 1984-04-09 1985-04-04 Floodlight with light intensity adjustment

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EP (1) EP0176527A1 (en)
DE (1) DE3413310A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1985004704A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3706498A1 (en) * 1987-02-27 1988-09-08 Siemens Ag INSTALLATION DEVICE WITH INFRARED TRANSMITTER
DE19943480B4 (en) * 1999-09-10 2005-03-17 Manfred Kluth Luminaire for indirect lighting
DE10113385C1 (en) * 2001-03-16 2002-08-29 Schott Glas Fresnels
DE10361116B4 (en) 2003-12-22 2010-06-17 Auer Lighting Gmbh Fresnels
DE102004013962A1 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-21 Schott Ag Fresnel lens spotlight for pocket lamp, has diffusing screen placed in center of fresnel lens to produce scattered light ratio and aperture angle of light to provide mixing ratio of light relative to another light imaged by lens
RU2302585C2 (en) * 2003-12-22 2007-07-10 Шотт Аг Searchlight
DE10361118B4 (en) * 2003-12-22 2011-12-22 Auer Lighting Gmbh Fresnels
DE502004012477D1 (en) * 2003-12-22 2011-06-16 Auer Lighting Gmbh Fresnels

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DE125671C (en) * 1900-01-01
FR767568A (en) * 1934-07-19
DE180969C (en) * 1900-01-01
DE299703C (en) *
GB534455A (en) * 1939-05-17 1941-03-07 Harold Martin Improvements in and relating to apparatus for the projection of light
DE3212284A1 (en) * 1982-04-02 1983-10-13 Heinrich 6238 Hofheim Wendel Luminaire housing
DE3319910A1 (en) * 1983-06-01 1984-12-06 Dr. Ing. Willing GmbH, 1000 Berlin Illuminating device

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DE3413310A1 (en) 1985-10-17

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