EP0176426A1 - Ammunition storage and automatic loading device for tanks - Google Patents

Ammunition storage and automatic loading device for tanks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0176426A1
EP0176426A1 EP85401762A EP85401762A EP0176426A1 EP 0176426 A1 EP0176426 A1 EP 0176426A1 EP 85401762 A EP85401762 A EP 85401762A EP 85401762 A EP85401762 A EP 85401762A EP 0176426 A1 EP0176426 A1 EP 0176426A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ammunition
containers
container
pallet
pocket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85401762A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Edmond Daniel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Creusot Loire SA
Creusot Loire Industrie SA
Original Assignee
Creusot Loire SA
Creusot Loire Industrie SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Creusot Loire SA, Creusot Loire Industrie SA filed Critical Creusot Loire SA
Publication of EP0176426A1 publication Critical patent/EP0176426A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H7/00—Armoured or armed vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
    • F42B39/08—Cartridge belts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/04—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using endless-chain belts carrying a plurality of ammunition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/24—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using a movable magazine or clip as feeding element
    • F41A9/25—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using a movable magazine or clip as feeding element using a sliding clip
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for automatically storing and loading a weapon in ammunition of several types, intended more particularly for battle tanks.
  • the battle tanks include a body forming a protective shell and on which is mounted a turret supporting a weapon such as a cannon.
  • the turret rotatably mounted on the vehicle body, around a vertical axis of azimuth orientation, is therefore orientable in all firing directions, and the gun is itself articulated around a horizontal axis for orientation in site between positive and negative pointing angles.
  • These turrets may include an ammunition storage magazine allowing the automatic feeding of the gun in all angular positions of the turret, and a transfer mechanism which ensures the removal of ammunition from the storage magazine and their introduction into the barrel loading chamber.
  • the ammunition storage magazine can for example be constituted by an endless rotating barrel containing a certain number of ammunition and arranged for example in the rear pocket of the vehicle.
  • this type of container means that inside the vehicle there must be storage areas for empty containers, as well as additional and particularly bulky handling mechanisms for transferring said empty containers to the storage areas.
  • the objective of the present invention is therefore to propose a particularly simple and consequently reliable device for storing ammunition and for automatically feeding the weapon of the vehicle, making it possible to correctly maintain each munition over its entire length not only in the area storage, but also during the transfer phase, and finally to obtain very short loading times for ammunition of different types.
  • the automatic storage and loading device comprising an ammunition reserve pocket fixed to the rear of the turret is characterized in that said pocket comprises at least two autonomous magazines each containing a certain number of stored ammunition and its own step-by-step handling mechanism for said ammunition, and by the fact that in each store, the ammunition is each placed in a disposable holding and protective container provided with assembly members making it possible to temporarily secure the containers to each other with the others, and all of said containers with the corresponding handling mechanism.
  • a turret 1 mounted on a body 2 for example of a battle tank.
  • This turret provided with a barrel 3 pivots about a vertical axis 4 via a rolling crown 5 for its orientation in all directions in azimuth.
  • the barrel 3 can pivot around a horizontal axis 6 for pointing in positive or negative sites.
  • the turret 1 has at its rear part a pocket 10 delimited by an armored shell 7 and in which ammunition is stored which are successively brought into the loading position for their introduction. duction in the breech of the barrel 3.
  • the rear pocket 10 communicates on the one hand with the interior of the turret 1 by a front shutter door 8, and on the other hand with the outside by a rear shutter door 9 .
  • the structure of the storage pocket 10 is such that inside the armored shell 7, the ammunition 11 is stored horizontally and parallel to the loading axis of the barrel 3.
  • the pocket 10 is divided into two symmetrical and autonomous magazines (10a-10b), arranged on either side of the axis of the barrel 3.
  • These magazines (10a-10b) are constituted by an upper plate 13a, a lower plate 13b, and side plates 14 , which provide between them an internal chamber 15 of sufficient dimensions to hold and guide the ammunition. All of these plates are held in the armored shell 7 by supports 12 and constitute a second protection for ammunition and handling mechanisms.
  • each ammunition is placed in a disposable container 16, of parallelepiped shape.
  • the number of munitions stored in each magazine 10a and 10b is determined so as to leave free in the axis of the barrel 3 a central channel 17 for positioning a container, the introduction of an ammunition into the breech of the barrel 3 and ejecting the empty container to the outside through the door 9.
  • each magazine (10a-10b) contains five munitions.
  • the containers 16 have on their upper face a longitudinal slot 18 allowing the extraction of an ammunition from its container positioned in the central channel 17, by means of a repressor 19 mounted on the upper plate 13a in the axis of the barrel 3 .
  • each disposable container 16 is provided on its lateral faces with assembly members making it possible to temporarily attach in each store (10a-10b), on the one hand the containers to each other and on the other hand with a step by step drive system.
  • assembly means are constituted, on one of the lateral faces of each container 16 by a longitudinal male cut 20 and on the opposite lateral face by a corresponding female longitudinal cut 21.
  • These male and female cuts 20-21 are for example in the form of a dovetail, as shown in the figure or in the form of a tenon.
  • the step-by-step drive system for the containers 16 in the magazine 10a is constituted by a pallet 22a moving in the room in dull 15.
  • This pallet 22a is formed by a vertical plate 23a fixed on two small horizontal tabs 24a which slide in guide slots 25 provided in the lower plate 13b of said chamber 15 (FIG. 3).
  • the internal face of the vertical plate 23a has a male horizontal cut 26a similar to the cutouts of the containers.
  • Each end of the pallet 22a is fixed to an endless chain 27a driven in rotation by a shaft 28a and a motor 29a.
  • the container drive system 16 is constituted by a pallet 22b formed by a vertical plate 23b and by two small horizontal tabs 24b also sliding in the guide slots 25.
  • the vertical plate 23b has a female horizontal cut 26b.
  • the movements of this pallet 22b are provided by endless chains 27b rotated by a shaft 28b and a motor 29b.
  • each store 10a and 10b communicates with the interior of the turret 1 respectively by a door 32a and 32b so as to be able to replenish them directly from the turret as will be seen later.
  • the operation of the container drive mechanisms and the opening of the various shutter doors is controlled by a servo system.
  • the same operations are carried out for filling the magazine 10b by moving the pallet 22b step by step until filling with containers fitted with ammunition.
  • the magazine 10a can contain ammunition of a different type from that contained in the magazine 10b.
  • the procedure is the same as previously, by introducing the containers fitted with ammunition, through the shutter door 32a for filling the magazine 10a and by the shutter door 32b for the magazine 10b.
  • the transfer of an ammunition from the magazine 10b is carried out in the same way by moving the pallet 22b.
  • the storage assembly is therefore separated into two autonomous stores each comprising its own handling mechanism. Thanks to this arrangement, if an incident occurs, for example a mechanical failure or an external attack on one of the stores, rendering it unusable, the tank gun can continue to be supplied by the other store.
  • Each handling mechanism is provided with a manual control.
  • the ammunition being stored in a room, which itself is protected by an armored shell, the protection is much more effective.
  • the structure of the magazines and the containers provided with assembly members ensure effective maintenance of the ammunition during its storage and during its transport.
  • disposable containers avoids providing storage areas for empty containers, as well as additional handling mechanisms for the transfer of said empty containers to the storage areas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Purses, Travelling Bags, Baskets, Or Suitcases (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for storage and automatic loading of a weapon with ammunition of a number of types. According to the invention, the device comprising a reserve pocket (10) for ammunition, fixed to the rear of the turret, is characterised in that said pocket (10) comprises at least two independent magazines (10a-10b) each containing a given quantity of stored ammunition (11) and its own mechanism for step-by-step handling of said ammunition, and in that in each magazine (10a-10b) the pieces of ammunition (11) are each placed in a disposable storage and protection container (16) equipped with assembly members (20, 21, 26a, 26b) which make it possible temporarily to integrate the containers (16) with one another, and the set of said containers with the corresponding handling mechanism. The invention finds application in particular in tanks. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de stockage et de chargement automatique d'une arme en munitions de plusieurs types, destiné plus particulièrement aux chars de combat.The present invention relates to a device for automatically storing and loading a weapon in ammunition of several types, intended more particularly for battle tanks.

Les chars de combat comprennent une caisse formant une carapace de protection et sur laquelle est montée une tourelle supportant une arme telle qu'un canon. La tourelle montée rotative sur la caisse du véhicule, autour d'un axe vertical d'orientation en azimut, est donc orientable en toutes directions de tir, et le canon est lui-même articulé autour d'un axe horizontal pour l'orientation en site entre des angles de pointage positifs et négatifs.The battle tanks include a body forming a protective shell and on which is mounted a turret supporting a weapon such as a cannon. The turret rotatably mounted on the vehicle body, around a vertical axis of azimuth orientation, is therefore orientable in all firing directions, and the gun is itself articulated around a horizontal axis for orientation in site between positive and negative pointing angles.

Ces tourelles peuvent comporter un magasin de stockage des munitions permettant l'alimentation automatique du canon en toutes positions angulaires de la tourelle, et un mécanisme de transfert qui assure le prélèvement des munitions du magasin de stockage et leur introduction dans la chambre de chargement du canon. Le magasin de stockage des munitions peut être par exemple constitué par un barillet tournant sans fin contenant un certain nombre de munitions et disposé par exemple en poche arrière du véhicule.These turrets may include an ammunition storage magazine allowing the automatic feeding of the gun in all angular positions of the turret, and a transfer mechanism which ensures the removal of ammunition from the storage magazine and their introduction into the barrel loading chamber. . The ammunition storage magazine can for example be constituted by an endless rotating barrel containing a certain number of ammunition and arranged for example in the rear pocket of the vehicle.

Mais ce genre de dispositif ne présente pas toujours, toutes les garanties de fiabilité et de sécurité requises. En effet, si au niveau du barillet tournant, il se produit un incident, du par exemple à une défaillance mécanique ou une agression extérieure, entraînant le blocage du mécanisme, le char se trouve par conséquent totalement privé de munitions, avec les conséquences que cela peut entrainer.But this kind of device does not always have all the guarantees of reliability and security required. Indeed, if at the level of the rotating barrel, an incident occurs, for example due to a mechanical failure or an external attack, causing the blocking of the mechanism, the tank is consequently completely deprived of ammunition, with the consequences that can lead to.

D'autre part, il est très difficile de caler correctement les munitions au cours de leur transfert ou dans le magasin, et les chocs auxquels elles sont soumises notamment dans un char de combat, peuvent entrat- ner une détérioration du mécanisme de transfert et même des munitions lorsque celles-ci sont fragiles. Or, c'est le cas précisément d'une munition comportant un obus associé à une douille en matière combustible assez peu résistante et qui doit toujours être bien supportée sur toute sa longueur pour que l'obus reste solidaire de la douille combustible.On the other hand, it is very difficult to correctly wedge the ammunition during their transfer or in the store, and the shocks to which they are subjected in particular in a combat tank, can lead to a deterioration of the transfer mechanism and even ammunition when these are fragile. However, this is precisely the case with ammunition comprising a shell associated with a socket of combustible material that is not very resistant and which must always be well supported over its entire length so that the shell remains integral with the combustible socket.

A cet effet, on a déjà proposé de protéger la munition en la plaçant dans un conteneur tubulaire muni, le long de sa périphérie, d'organes d'appui qui maintiennent la munition dans l'axe du conteneur.To this end, it has already been proposed to protect the ammunition by placing it in a tubular container provided, along its periphery, with support members which hold the ammunition in the axis of the container.

Mais l'utilisation de ce genre de conteneur impose de prévoir à l'intérieur du véhicule des zones de stockage des conteneurs vides, ainsi que des mécanismes de manutention supplémentaires et particulièrement encombrants pour le transfert desdits conteneurs vides vers les zones de stockage.However, the use of this type of container means that inside the vehicle there must be storage areas for empty containers, as well as additional and particularly bulky handling mechanisms for transferring said empty containers to the storage areas.

L'objectif de la présente invention est donc de proposer un dispositif de stockage de munitions et d'alimentation automatique de l'arme du véhicule particulièrement simple et par conséquent fiable, permettant de maintenir correctement chaque munition sur toute sa longueur non seulement dans la zone de stockage, mais également pendant la phase de transfert, et enfin d'obtenir des temps très courts de chargement de munitions de différents types.The objective of the present invention is therefore to propose a particularly simple and consequently reliable device for storing ammunition and for automatically feeding the weapon of the vehicle, making it possible to correctly maintain each munition over its entire length not only in the area storage, but also during the transfer phase, and finally to obtain very short loading times for ammunition of different types.

Suivant l'invention, le dispositif de stockage et de chargement automatique comprenant une poche de réserve de munitions fixée sur l'arrière de la tourelle est caractérisé par le fait que ladite poche comporte au moins deux magasins autonomes contenant chacun un certain nombre de munitions stockées et son propre mécanisme de manutention pas à pas desdites munitions, et par le fait que dans chaque magasin, les munitions sont placées chacune dans un conteneur de maintien et de protection jetable muni d'organes d'assemblage permettant de solidariser temporairement les conteneurs les uns avec les autres, et l'ensemble desdits conteneurs avec le mécanisme de manutention correspondant.According to the invention, the automatic storage and loading device comprising an ammunition reserve pocket fixed to the rear of the turret is characterized in that said pocket comprises at least two autonomous magazines each containing a certain number of stored ammunition and its own step-by-step handling mechanism for said ammunition, and by the fact that in each store, the ammunition is each placed in a disposable holding and protective container provided with assembly members making it possible to temporarily secure the containers to each other with the others, and all of said containers with the corresponding handling mechanism.

Mais l'invention sera mieux comprise par la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation particulier donné à titre d'exemple et représenté sur les dessins annexés.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une tourelle de char munie du dispositif de stockage de munitions conforme à l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe selon AA de la figure 1.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon BB de la figure 2.
However, the invention will be better understood from the following description of a particular embodiment given by way of example and shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tank turret provided with the ammunition storage device according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view along AA of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view along BB of FIG. 2.

En se référant tout d'abord à la figure 1, on a représenté une tourelle 1 montée sur une caisse 2 par exemple d'un char de combat. Cette tourelle munie d'un canon 3 pivote autour d'un axe vertical 4 par l'intermédiaire d'une couronne à roulement 5 pour son orientation dans toutes les directions en azimut. Le canon 3 peut pivoter autour d'un axe horizontal 6 pour le pointage en sites positifs ou négatifs.Referring first to Figure 1, there is shown a turret 1 mounted on a body 2 for example of a battle tank. This turret provided with a barrel 3 pivots about a vertical axis 4 via a rolling crown 5 for its orientation in all directions in azimuth. The barrel 3 can pivot around a horizontal axis 6 for pointing in positive or negative sites.

La tourelle 1 comporte à sa partie arrière une poche 10 délimitée par une carapace blindée 7 et dans laquelle sont entreposées des munitions qui sont amenées successivement en position de chargement pour leur intro- duction dans la culasse du canon 3. La poche arrière 10 communique d une part avec l'intérieur de la tourelle 1 par une porte d'obturation avant 8, et d'autre part avec l'extérieur par une porte d'obturation arrière 9.The turret 1 has at its rear part a pocket 10 delimited by an armored shell 7 and in which ammunition is stored which are successively brought into the loading position for their introduction. duction in the breech of the barrel 3. The rear pocket 10 communicates on the one hand with the interior of the turret 1 by a front shutter door 8, and on the other hand with the outside by a rear shutter door 9 .

La structure du dispositif de stockage et de son mécanisme de manutention sera décrite plus en détail en se reportant aux figures 2 et 3.The structure of the storage device and its handling mechanism will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

La structure de la poche de stockage 10 est telle qu'à l'intérieur de la carapace blindée 7, les munitions 11 sont entreposées horizontalement et parallèlement à l'axe de chargement du canon 3. A cet effet la poche 10 est divisée en deux magasins (10a-10b) symétriques et autonomes, disposés de part et d'autre de l'axe du canon 3. Ces magasins (10a-10b) sont constitués par une plaque supérieure 13a, une plaque inférieure 13b, et des plaques latérales 14, qui ménagent entre elles une chambre interne 15 de dimensions suffisantes pour le maintien et le guidage des munitions. L'ensemble de ces plaques sont maintenues dans la carapace blindée 7 par des supports 12 et constituent une deuxième protection pour les munitions et les mécanismes de manutention.The structure of the storage pocket 10 is such that inside the armored shell 7, the ammunition 11 is stored horizontally and parallel to the loading axis of the barrel 3. For this purpose the pocket 10 is divided into two symmetrical and autonomous magazines (10a-10b), arranged on either side of the axis of the barrel 3. These magazines (10a-10b) are constituted by an upper plate 13a, a lower plate 13b, and side plates 14 , which provide between them an internal chamber 15 of sufficient dimensions to hold and guide the ammunition. All of these plates are held in the armored shell 7 by supports 12 and constitute a second protection for ammunition and handling mechanisms.

Chaque munition est placée dans un conteneur jetable 16, de forme parallèlépipèdique. Le nombre de munitions stockées dans chaque magasin 10a et 10b est déterminé de façon à laisser libre dans l'axe du canon 3 un canal central 17 pour le positionnement d'un conteneur, l'introduction d'une munition dans la culasse du canon 3 et l'éjection du conteneur vide vers l'extérieur par la porte 9. Dans l'exemple représenté sur les figures, chaque magasin (10a- 10b) contient cinq munitions.Each ammunition is placed in a disposable container 16, of parallelepiped shape. The number of munitions stored in each magazine 10a and 10b is determined so as to leave free in the axis of the barrel 3 a central channel 17 for positioning a container, the introduction of an ammunition into the breech of the barrel 3 and ejecting the empty container to the outside through the door 9. In the example shown in the figures, each magazine (10a-10b) contains five munitions.

Les conteneurs 16 comportent sur leur face supérieure une fente longitudinale 18 permettant l'extraction d'une munition de son conteneur positionné dans le canal central 17, au moyen d'un refouloir 19 monté sur la plaque supérieure 13a dans l'axe du canon 3.The containers 16 have on their upper face a longitudinal slot 18 allowing the extraction of an ammunition from its container positioned in the central channel 17, by means of a repressor 19 mounted on the upper plate 13a in the axis of the barrel 3 .

Par ailleurs, chaque conteneur jetable 16 est muni sur ses faces latérales d'organes d'assemblage permettant de solidariser temporairement dans chaque magasin (l0a-lOb), d'une part les conteneurs les uns entre les autres et d'autre part avec un système d'entraînement pas à pas. Ces moyens d'assemblage sont constitués, sur l'une des faces latérales de chaque conteneur 16 par une découpe longitudinale mâle 20 et sur la face latérale opposée par une découpe longitudinale femelle 21 correspondante. Ces découpes mâles et femelles 20-21 sont par exemple en forme de queue d'aronde, comme représenté sur la figure ou en forme de tenon.In addition, each disposable container 16 is provided on its lateral faces with assembly members making it possible to temporarily attach in each store (10a-10b), on the one hand the containers to each other and on the other hand with a step by step drive system. These assembly means are constituted, on one of the lateral faces of each container 16 by a longitudinal male cut 20 and on the opposite lateral face by a corresponding female longitudinal cut 21. These male and female cuts 20-21 are for example in the form of a dovetail, as shown in the figure or in the form of a tenon.

Le système d'entrainement pas à pas des conteneurs 16 dans le magasin 10a est constitué par une palette 22a se déplaçant dans la chambre interne 15. Cette palette 22a est formée par une plaque verticale 23a fixée sur deux petites pattes horizontales 24a qui coulissent dans des lumières de guidage 25 prévues dans la plaque inférieure 13b de ladite chambre 15 (figure 3). La face interne de la plaque verticale 23a comporte une découpe horizontale mâle 26a semblable aux découpes des conteneurs. Chaque extrémité de la palette 22a est fixée sur une chaîne sans fin 27a entraînée en rotation par un arbre 28a et un moteur 29a.The step-by-step drive system for the containers 16 in the magazine 10a is constituted by a pallet 22a moving in the room in dull 15. This pallet 22a is formed by a vertical plate 23a fixed on two small horizontal tabs 24a which slide in guide slots 25 provided in the lower plate 13b of said chamber 15 (FIG. 3). The internal face of the vertical plate 23a has a male horizontal cut 26a similar to the cutouts of the containers. Each end of the pallet 22a is fixed to an endless chain 27a driven in rotation by a shaft 28a and a motor 29a.

Il en est de même pour le magasin 10b, où le système d'entraînement des conteneurs 16 est constitué par une palette 22b formée par une plaque verticale 23b et par deux petites pattes horizontales 24b coulissant également dans les lumières de guidage 25. Dans ce cas, la plaque verticale 23b comporte une découpe horizontale femelle 26b. Les déplacements de cette palette 22b sont assurés par des chaînes sans fin 27b entraînées en rotation par un arbre 28b et un moteur 29b.It is the same for the store 10b, where the container drive system 16 is constituted by a pallet 22b formed by a vertical plate 23b and by two small horizontal tabs 24b also sliding in the guide slots 25. In this case , the vertical plate 23b has a female horizontal cut 26b. The movements of this pallet 22b are provided by endless chains 27b rotated by a shaft 28b and a motor 29b.

Pour le chargement d'une munition 11 dans la culasse du canon 3, le positionnement dans le canal central 17 des conteneurs 16 provenant du magasin 10a est assuré par une rangée de butées escamotables 30a, alors que le positionnement des conteneurs provenant du magasin lOb est réalisé par une rangée de butées escamotables 30b. Ces butées (30a-30b) sont rappelées par des ressorts 31.For the loading of ammunition 11 into the breech of the barrel 3, the positioning in the central channel 17 of the containers 16 coming from the store 10a is ensured by a row of retractable stops 30a, while the positioning of the containers coming from the store 10b is produced by a row of retractable stops 30b. These stops (30a-30b) are returned by springs 31.

D'autre part chaque magasin 10a et 10b communique avec l'intérieur de la tourelle 1 respectivement par une porte 32a et 32b de façon à pouvoir les réapprovisionner directement à partir de la tourelle comme on le verra ultérieurement.On the other hand each store 10a and 10b communicates with the interior of the turret 1 respectively by a door 32a and 32b so as to be able to replenish them directly from the turret as will be seen later.

Le fonctionnement des mécanismes d'entrainement des conteneurs ainsi que l'ouverture des différentes portes d'obturation est commandé par un système d'asservissement.The operation of the container drive mechanisms and the opening of the various shutter doors is controlled by a servo system.

Le chargement des magasins vides de tout conteneur s'effectue de la manière suivante :

  • Tout d'abord par l'extérieur, on ouvre la porte d'obturation arrière 9, et on amène par exemple la palette 22a du magasin 10a dans l'axe du canal central 17. Un conteneur 16 équipé d'une munition 11 est introduit dans le canal central 17 en le passant par la porte d'obturation 9 et au passage il se solidarise sur la palette 22a par l'intermédiaire de la découpe mâle 26a de ladite palette et de la découpe femelle 21 du conteneur. Par la mise en route du moteur 29a, les chaînes 27a déplacent d'un pas la palette 22a qui entraîne le conteneur. Cette opération est répétée successivement jusqu'au remplissage du magasin 10a par les conteneurs équipés de munitions d'un type déterminé.
The loading of empty magazines of any container is carried out as follows:
  • First of all from the outside, the rear shutter door 9 is opened, and the pallet 22a of the magazine 10a is brought for example in the axis of the central channel 17. A container 16 equipped with ammunition 11 is introduced in the central channel 17 passing through the shutter door 9 and in passing it is secured to the pallet 22a by means of the male cut 26a of said pallet and the female cut 21 of the container. By starting the engine 29a, the chains 27a move the pallet 22a which drives the container one step. This operation is repeated successively until the magazine 10a is filled with the containers fitted with of a particular type.

Les mêmes opérations sont exécutées pour le remplissage du magasin 10b en déplaçant pas à pas la palette 22b jusqu'au remplissage par des conteneurs équipés de munitions. Le magasin 10a peut contenir des munitions d'un type différent à celles contenues dans le magasin lOb.The same operations are carried out for filling the magazine 10b by moving the pallet 22b step by step until filling with containers fitted with ammunition. The magazine 10a can contain ammunition of a different type from that contained in the magazine 10b.

Dans certaines circonstances et notamment quand le char se trouve à proximité d'une zone de combat, il est possible de réapprovisionner les magasins (IOa-10b) directement de l'intérieur de la tourelle de façon à éviter au personnel de sortir du véhicule.In certain circumstances and in particular when the tank is near a combat zone, it is possible to replenish the stores (IOa-10b) directly from inside the turret so as to prevent personnel from leaving the vehicle.

Dans ce cas on procède de la même façon que précédemment en introduisant les conteneurs équipés de munitions, par la porte d'obturation 32a pour le remplissage du magasin 10a et par la porte d'obturation 32b pour le magasin 10b.In this case, the procedure is the same as previously, by introducing the containers fitted with ammunition, through the shutter door 32a for filling the magazine 10a and by the shutter door 32b for the magazine 10b.

Lorsque les magasins sont remplis, le tir d'une munition s'effectue de la façon suivante :

  • En fonction du tir que l'on désire effectuer, on choisit le type de munition contenu soit dans le magasin 10a ou soit dans le magasin 10b. Si la munition 11 choisie se trouve par exemple dans le magasin 10a, le système d'asservissement commande la mise en route du moteur 29a ce qui a pour effet de déplacer les conteneurs 16 dudit magasin vers le canal central 17 par l'intermédiaire des chaines 27a et de la palette 22a. En se déplaçant, le premier conteneur 16 escamote la rangée de butées 30b et vient en contact avec la rangée de butées 30a. Ensuite on ouvre la porte d'obturation avant 8 et on actionne le refouloir 19 qui pousse la munition vers la culasse du canon. Après ouverture de la porte d'obturation arrière 9, le refouloir 19 en revenant dans sa position initiale éjecte le conteneur jetable par ladite porte et on referme les portes d'obturation avant et arrière (8-9). Le tir de la munition peut s'effectuer.
When the magazines are full, the firing of an ammunition is carried out as follows:
  • Depending on the shot you wish to make, you choose the type of ammunition contained either in the magazine 10a or in the magazine 10b. If the ammunition 11 chosen is for example in the magazine 10a, the servo system controls the starting of the motor 29a which has the effect of moving the containers 16 from said magazine to the central channel 17 via the chains 27a and the pallet 22a. While moving, the first container 16 retracts the row of stops 30b and comes into contact with the row of stops 30a. Then the front shutter door 8 is opened and the repressor 19 is actuated which pushes the ammunition towards the barrel breech. After opening the rear shutter door 9, the repressor 19 returning to its initial position ejects the disposable container through said door and the front and rear shutter doors (8-9) are closed. The ammunition can be fired.

Le transfert d'une munition du magasin 10b s'effectue de la même manière en déplaçant la palette 22b.The transfer of an ammunition from the magazine 10b is carried out in the same way by moving the pallet 22b.

Si après avoir placé dans le canal central 17 un conteneur 16 équipé d'une munition 11 provenant par exemple du magasin 10a, on désire pour une raison quelconque, changer de type de munition et utiliser une munition du magasin 10b. Il suffit de commander la mise en route en sens inverse du moteur 29a ce qui entratne le recul de la palette 22a. Cette palette étant solidaire des conteneurs par les découpes mâles et femelles, l'ensemble des conteneurs recule et libère le canal central 17 pour le positionnement d'un conteneur du magasin 10b. Il est bien évident que la même opéra-If after having placed in the central channel 17 a container 16 equipped with ammunition 11 coming for example from the magazine 10a, it is desired for some reason, to change the type of ammunition and use an ammunition from the magazine 10b. It suffices to order the starting in the opposite direction of the motor 29a which causes the recoil of the pallet 22a. This pallet being secured to the containers by the male and female cutouts, the set of containers moves back and releases the central channel 17 for positioning a container from the magazine 10b. It is quite obvious that the same operation-

tion peut être effectuée pour les conteneurs du magasin 10b.This can be done for the containers in store 10b.

L'ensemble de stockage est donc séparé en deux magasins autonomes comportant chacun son propre mécanisme de manutention. Grâce à cette disposition, s'il se produit un incident, par exemple une défaillance mécanique ou une agression extérieure au niveau de l'un des magasins, le rendant inutilisable, le canon du char peut continuer à être approvisionné par l'autre magasin. Chaque mécanisme de manutention est pourvu d'une commande manuelle. De plus, les munitions étant stockées dans une chambre, qui elle-même est protégée par une carapace blindée, la protection est beaucoup plus efficace. D'autre part, dans le cas par exemple de munitions fragiles, notamment à douille combustible, la structure des magasins et les conteneurs munis d'organes d'assemblage assurent un maintien efficace de la munition pendant son stockage et au cours de son transport.The storage assembly is therefore separated into two autonomous stores each comprising its own handling mechanism. Thanks to this arrangement, if an incident occurs, for example a mechanical failure or an external attack on one of the stores, rendering it unusable, the tank gun can continue to be supplied by the other store. Each handling mechanism is provided with a manual control. In addition, the ammunition being stored in a room, which itself is protected by an armored shell, the protection is much more effective. On the other hand, in the case for example of fragile ammunition, in particular with a combustible case, the structure of the magazines and the containers provided with assembly members ensure effective maintenance of the ammunition during its storage and during its transport.

Enfin, l'utilisation de conteneurs jetables évite de prévoir des zones de stockage des conteneurs vides, ainsi que des mécanismes de manutention supplémentaires pour le transfert desdits conteneurs vides vers les zones de stockage.Finally, the use of disposable containers avoids providing storage areas for empty containers, as well as additional handling mechanisms for the transfer of said empty containers to the storage areas.

Bien entendu l'invention n'est pas strictement limitée au mode de réalisation qui a été décrit à titre d'exemple, mais elle concerne également les inventions qui n'en différeraient que par des détails, par des variantes d'exécution ou par l'utilisation de moyens équivalents.Of course, the invention is not strictly limited to the embodiment which has been described by way of example, but it also relates to inventions which would differ from it only in details, in variant embodiments or by use of equivalent means.

Claims (7)

1.- Dispositif de stockage et de chargement automatique de munitions pour char de combat comprenant une arme mobile en site portée par une tourelle orientable en azimut, sur l'arrière de laquelle est fixée une poche de réserve de munitions protégée par une carapace blindée et comportant au moins deux magasins symétriques et autonomes, contenant chacun un certain nombre de munitions stockées et son propre mécanisme de manutention desdites munitions, caractérisé par le fait que dans chaque magasin (10a - 10b), les munitions (11) sont placées chacune dans un conteneur de maintien et de protection jetable (16) muni d'organes d'assemblage permettant de solidariser temporairement les conteneurs (16) les uns avec les autres, et l'ensemble desdits conteneurs avec le mécanisme de manutention correspondant.1.- Device for the automatic storage and loading of ammunition for a combat tank comprising a mobile weapon on site carried by an orientable turret in azimuth, on the rear of which is fixed an ammunition reserve pocket protected by an armored shell and comprising at least two symmetrical and autonomous magazines, each containing a certain number of stored ammunition and its own mechanism for handling said ammunition, characterized in that in each magazine (10a - 10b), the ammunition (11) are each placed in a disposable holding and protective container (16) provided with assembly members making it possible to temporarily secure the containers (16) with each other, and all of said containers with the corresponding handling mechanism. 2.- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les magasins (10a - 10b) disposés de part et d'autre de l'axe de l'arme (3), forment à l'intérieur de la poche (10) une chambre interne (15) délimitée par des plaques de protection (13a, 13b, 14), et de dimensions suffisantes pour le maintien et le guidage des conteneurs (16) équipés de munitions (11).2.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magazines (10a - 10b) arranged on either side of the axis of the weapon (3), form inside the pocket (10 ) an internal chamber (15) delimited by protective plates (13a, 13b, 14), and of sufficient dimensions to hold and guide the containers (16) equipped with ammunition (11). 3.- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la poche (10) communique d'une part avec l'intérieur de la tourelle (1) par une porte d'obturation centrale (8) pour l'introduction des munitions (11) dans la culasse de l'arme (3), et par deux portes d'obturation latérales (32a - 32b) disposées en face de chacun des magasins (10a - 10b) pour leur réapprovisionnement et d'autre part avec l'extérieur pour l'éjection des conteneurs vides (16) et également pour le réapprovisionnement des magasins (10a - 10b).3.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pocket (10) communicates on the one hand with the interior of the turret (1) by a central shutter door (8) for the introduction of ammunition (11) in the breech of the weapon (3), and by two lateral shutter doors (32a - 32b) arranged opposite each of the magazines (10a - 10b) for their replenishment and on the other hand with the outside for ejecting empty containers (16) and also for replenishing stores (10a - 10b). 4.- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les organes d'assemblage permettant de solidariser les conteneurs les uns avec les autres sont constitués par une découpe longitudinale mile (20) sur l'une des faces latérales de chaque conteneur (16) et par une découpe longitudinale femelle (21) correspondante sur l'autre face latérale opposée de chaque conteneur.4.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the assembly members for securing the containers with each other are constituted by a longitudinal cut mile (20) on one of the side faces of each container ( 16) and by a corresponding female longitudinal cut (21) on the other opposite lateral face of each container. 5.- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que dans chaque magasin (10a - 10b), le mécanisme d'entrainement pas à pas des conteneurs (16) est constitué par une palette (22a - 22b) se déplaçant dans la chambre interne (15) par l'intermédiaire de chaines sans fin (27a - 27b) entrainées en rotation par des moteurs (29a - 29b).5.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that in each store (10a - 10b), the step-by-step drive mechanism of the containers (16) consists of a pallet (22a - 22b) moving in the internal chamber (15) by means of endless chains (27a - 27b) driven in rotation by motors (29a - 29b). 6.- Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que chaque palette (22a - 22b) d'entrainement des conteneurs (16) est formé par une plaque verticale (23a - 23b) et par deux petites pattes horizontales (24a - 24b) coulissant dans des lumières de guidage (25) prévues dans le fond de la chambre interne (15).6.- Device according to claim 5, characterized in that each pallet (22a - 22b) for driving the containers (16) is formed by a vertical plate (23a - 23b) and by two small horizontal tabs (24a - 24b ) sliding in guide lights (25) provided in the bottom of the internal chamber (15). 7.- Dispositif selon les revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé par le fait que la plaque verticale (23a - 23b) comporte sur sa face interne un organe d'assemblage avec les conteneurs de chaque magasin (10a - 10b), formé par une découpe mâle (26a) pour l'une des palettes et une découpe femelle (26 b) pour l'autre palette, ces découpes (26a - 26b) étant similaires aux découpes (20 - 21) prévues sur les faces latérales desdits conteneurs (16).7.- Device according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the vertical plate (23a - 23b) has on its internal face an assembly member with the containers of each store (10a - 10b), formed by a cutout male (26a) for one of the pallets and a female cutout (26b) for the other pallet, these cutouts (26a - 26b) being similar to the cutouts (20 - 21) provided on the lateral faces of said containers (16) .
EP85401762A 1984-09-18 1985-09-10 Ammunition storage and automatic loading device for tanks Withdrawn EP0176426A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8414258A FR2570484B1 (en) 1984-09-18 1984-09-18 DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC STORAGE AND LOADING OF AMMUNITION FOR BATTLE TANK
FR8414258 1984-09-18

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EP0176426A1 true EP0176426A1 (en) 1986-04-02

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EP85401762A Withdrawn EP0176426A1 (en) 1984-09-18 1985-09-10 Ammunition storage and automatic loading device for tanks

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EP (1) EP0176426A1 (en)
KR (1) KR860002712A (en)
BR (1) BR8504372A (en)
ES (1) ES8701969A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2570484B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2610396A1 (en) * 1987-01-29 1988-08-05 Rheinmetall Gmbh LOADING SYSTEM FOR CONTAINERS COMPRISING CARTRIDGE AMMUNITION
CH675473A5 (en) * 1988-07-15 1990-09-28 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Firearm with housing, barrel, and shell chamber - has each chamber in separate link detachable from chamber groups

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE673731A (en) * 1965-02-17 1966-04-01
US4175656A (en) * 1977-12-27 1979-11-27 The Boeing Company Track mounted cargo shuttle
FR2444247A1 (en) * 1978-12-12 1980-07-11 France Etat Automatic loading system for large calibre gun - uses ammunition in containers fed by moving arm scissors mechanism and rammer
FR2496249A1 (en) * 1980-12-11 1982-06-18 Wegmann & Co Firearm automatic loading mechanism - comprises two magazines mounted symmetrically in relation to lengthwise axis and used selectively
EP0083288A1 (en) * 1981-12-24 1983-07-06 Creusot-Loire Ammunition feeding system for a gun
US4454799A (en) * 1982-05-26 1984-06-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Ammunition storage and weapon loading system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE673731A (en) * 1965-02-17 1966-04-01
US4175656A (en) * 1977-12-27 1979-11-27 The Boeing Company Track mounted cargo shuttle
FR2444247A1 (en) * 1978-12-12 1980-07-11 France Etat Automatic loading system for large calibre gun - uses ammunition in containers fed by moving arm scissors mechanism and rammer
FR2496249A1 (en) * 1980-12-11 1982-06-18 Wegmann & Co Firearm automatic loading mechanism - comprises two magazines mounted symmetrically in relation to lengthwise axis and used selectively
EP0083288A1 (en) * 1981-12-24 1983-07-06 Creusot-Loire Ammunition feeding system for a gun
US4454799A (en) * 1982-05-26 1984-06-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Ammunition storage and weapon loading system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2610396A1 (en) * 1987-01-29 1988-08-05 Rheinmetall Gmbh LOADING SYSTEM FOR CONTAINERS COMPRISING CARTRIDGE AMMUNITION
DE3702603A1 (en) * 1987-01-29 1988-08-11 Rheinmetall Gmbh CHARGING SYSTEM FOR CARTRIDGED AMMUNITION CONTAINERS
US4819518A (en) * 1987-01-29 1989-04-11 Rheinmetall Gmbh Loading system for containers holding cartridged ammunition
CH675473A5 (en) * 1988-07-15 1990-09-28 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Firearm with housing, barrel, and shell chamber - has each chamber in separate link detachable from chamber groups

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8504372A (en) 1986-07-08
FR2570484A1 (en) 1986-03-21
KR860002712A (en) 1986-04-28
FR2570484B1 (en) 1988-10-21
ES547047A0 (en) 1986-12-01
ES8701969A1 (en) 1986-12-01

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