EP0176266A1 - Procédé de moulage de poudre métallique, céramique et analogues - Google Patents

Procédé de moulage de poudre métallique, céramique et analogues Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0176266A1
EP0176266A1 EP85306184A EP85306184A EP0176266A1 EP 0176266 A1 EP0176266 A1 EP 0176266A1 EP 85306184 A EP85306184 A EP 85306184A EP 85306184 A EP85306184 A EP 85306184A EP 0176266 A1 EP0176266 A1 EP 0176266A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
support
molding
permeable
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85306184A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0176266B1 (fr
Inventor
Hiroaki Nishio
Yasushi Ueno
Jun Harada
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JFE Engineering Corp
Original Assignee
Nippon Kokan Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Kokan Ltd filed Critical Nippon Kokan Ltd
Priority to AT85306184T priority Critical patent/ATE60531T1/de
Publication of EP0176266A1 publication Critical patent/EP0176266A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0176266B1 publication Critical patent/EP0176266B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/36—Linings or coatings, e.g. removable, absorbent linings, permanent anti-stick coatings; Linings becoming a non-permanent layer of the moulded article
    • B28B7/364—Linings or coatings, e.g. removable, absorbent linings, permanent anti-stick coatings; Linings becoming a non-permanent layer of the moulded article of plastic material or rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/04—Compacting only by applying fluid pressure, e.g. by cold isostatic pressing [CIP]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/1208—Containers or coating used therefor
    • B22F3/1216—Container composition
    • B22F3/1233—Organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/1208—Containers or coating used therefor
    • B22F3/1258—Container manufacturing
    • B22F3/1275—Container manufacturing by coating a model and eliminating the model before consolidation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/003—Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/78—Processes of molding using vacuum
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/014—Expansible and collapsible

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of molding powders of metal, ceramic and the like into compression moldings of complicated shapes.
  • the Wiech process comprises kneading metal powder of about 10 to 15 pm and a thermoplastic resin and preparing pellets, injection molding the pellets by the use of an oversized mold in consideration of the desired shrinkage allowance, degreasing the resulting molding by the application of heat or by solvent extraction to make it porous and then densifying the porous molding by a sintering operation and this process is used for the production of intricately shaped machine parts from iron nickel alloy, stainless steel, etc.
  • the hydraulic pressure is uniformly applied to a material to be molded and thus under the ideal conditions the density of a molding becomes uniform making it possible to mold parts of complicate shapes.
  • Its first feature is the use of an inexpensive rubber mold and its second feature is the nonuse of any binder or the use of a very small amount of binder in the case of a granular powder material thus eliminating the disadvantage of the above (1).
  • its third feature resides in that the method is applicable to the production of thick-walled parts and this fact makes it possible to enjoy the advantage of not being subjected to the limitations due to the degreasing.
  • the CIP processes are roughly divided into two types one of which is a wet-bag type and the other is a dry-bag type and here the subject interest is the wet-bag type which is suited for the molding of parts of complicated shapes due to the reduced limitations to the shape of the rubber mold.
  • the CIP process having a number of advantages as mentioned above, however, the most serious disadvantage is inferiority in the dimensional accuracy of moldings (the accuracy is said to be in the range of ⁇ 0.3 and 1.5% at the most) and therefore the CIP process cannot be used for the production of parts requiring a high degree of dimensional accuracy.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 37383/1972 discloses a method comprising inserting a rubber bag into a mold of a given shape, packing a powder material in the rubber bag, reducing the pressure within the bag and removing the rubber bag packed with the powder material from the mold while maintaining the shape of the mold and then subjecting the bag as such to the molding operation by an isostatic press and in this method the procedure of inserting into the mold a thin rubber bag conforming with its inside involves difficulty thus making it difficult for this method to produce moldings having a high degree of dimensional accuracy.
  • the conventional methods have their own merits and demerits so that even any one of these methods is used, it is difficult to perform the CIP process if the merits and demerits of the method do not conform well with products to be molded.
  • a method of molding powders of metals, ceramics and the like which is characterized by closely fitting the opening of a baglike piece made of a thin rubber-like elastic material on the open gate of a permeable mold support communicated with a cavity formed within the support to define a mold, reducing the pressure of the atmosphere outside the permeabte mold support to evacuate the interior of the cavity and thereby cause the baglike piece to closely adhere in an inflated form to the inside of the cavity in the permeable mold support, packing a raw material powder in the mold formed on the inner side of the baglike piece closely adhered to the cavity, evacuating the interior of the mold through the opening of the baglike piece to produce a vacuum therein and then sealing the mold, breaking up the permeable mold support and removing a preformed molding in the form contained in the baglike piece and processing the preformed molding by a cold isostatic press thereby densifying the preformed molding.
  • the permeable mold support corresponds to the mold itself in terms of the ordinary conception, in the case of this invention the support is permeable and therefore there are cases where it cannot form a mold.
  • the support holds a rubber-like elastic material which is closely adhered in an inflated form to the inside of its cavity and the two define a so-called mold.
  • any material may be arbitrarily selected as occasion demands from among plastics such as polyamide resin, pohrcarbonate resin, ABS resin and AS resin, metals such as copper alloy, stainless steel and aluminum, ceramics such as ceramic, alumina and silica and composite materials of ceramics and metals for use as its material.
  • plastics such as polyamide resin, pohrcarbonate resin, ABS resin and AS resin
  • metals such as copper alloy, stainless steel and aluminum
  • ceramics such as ceramic, alumina and silica and composite materials of ceramics and metals for use as its material.
  • the mold support may be of the type having a mold defining cavity formed therein by the ordinary method and including a vent hold communicating with the cavity or it may be composed of a porous material provided by the use of a porous material or by the use of a foaming agent.
  • the baglike piece made of a thin rubber-lie elastic material is a bag made of natural rubber or synthetic rubber such as styrene butadiene rubber, polyisoprene or isobutylene-isoprene rubber and its thickness is suitably selected between 50 and 1000 .pm although it cannot be determined indiscriminately depending on the size of the mold with which it is used, etc.
  • the raw material used should preferably be one processed to have such particle size and shape which ensure good flow properties. More specifically, spherical powder produced by the argon gas atomizing process, the vacuum atomizing process, the rotary electrode process or the like is suitable in the case of stainless steel, tool steel, superall or the like and spherical powder obtained by the rotary electrode process is also suitable in the case of titanium or titanium alloy.
  • fine powder of metal such as carbonyl iron, carbonyl nickel or the like, dispersion reinforced alloy powder of hard metal, alumina, zirconia, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, solon, etc.
  • fine powder of metal such as carbonyl iron, carbonyl nickel or the like, dispersion reinforced alloy powder of hard metal, alumina, zirconia, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, solon, etc.
  • alumina, zirconia, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, solon, etc. are usually irregular-shaped fine powders of several pm with inadequate flow properties and therefore it is desirable to use them in the form of spherical powder procesed into granules.
  • Figs. 1 to 6 are schematic diagrams showing an example of a molding method according to the invention in the order of its processing steps.
  • a vacuum container 1 is composed of a top cover 3 including an open gate 2, a cylindrical member 4 and a lifting state 5.
  • a permeable mold support 7 is mounted on the lifting stage 5 through a specimen support 6.
  • the permeable mold support 7 is formed in its upper part with an opening 8 communicated with its internal cavity and the opening 8 is concentrically communicated with the gate 2.
  • the upper surface of the support 7 is held in close contact with the lower surface of the top cover 3.
  • a bag 9 comprising for example a thin bag of a rubber-like elastic material having a high degree of stretchability, e.g., a latex rubber bag of about 0.5 mm thick under no-load conditions and the bag 9 is inserted into the cavity of the permeable mold support 7.
  • raw material powder 13 is fed into the mold by means of a feeder 14 and at this time the operation of the vacuum pump 1 2 is continued.
  • auxiliary means such as a vibrator is suitably selected and used for the purpose of packing the mold with the powder 13 uniformly with a greater packing density.
  • Torr 133 Pa
  • 10 Torr T 13.3 Pa
  • the vacuum pump 12 is stopped and a three-way cock 10 is switched thereby restoring the pressure within the vacuum container 1 to the atmospheric pressure.
  • the rubber bag portion in the space 19 is crushed and the crushed portion is gripped by a clamp 20 thereby providing a seal.
  • the vacuum container 1 is disassembled and the permeable mold support 7 is broken up thereby removing a preformed molding 21 covered with the rubber bag 9.
  • the preformed molding 21 covered with the rubber bag 9 is set as such in a CIP unit 22 as shown in Fig. 6 and water is supplied into the CIP unit 22 thus increasing the pressure up to 2000 to 4000 atm (2026.5 X 105 4 053 X 10 5 Pa). This pressure is maintained for several minutes so that the preformed molding 21 is shrin- ked and densified thus producing a final product or molding 23.
  • a CIP unit 22 As shown in Fig. 6 and water is supplied into the CIP unit 22 thus increasing the pressure up to 2000 to 4000 atm (2026.5 X 105 4 053 X 10 5 Pa).
  • This pressure is maintained for several minutes so that the preformed molding 21 is shrin- ked and densified thus producing a final product or molding 23.
  • the thus produced molding 23 can be easily removed by disengaging the clamp 20 and tearing off the latex rubber 9 corresponding to the outer covering. Then, if necessary, the molding 23 may be further degreased and sintered.
  • HIP hot isostatic press
  • the molding may be sintered in an argon atmosphere and then subjected to the HIP operation to obtain a desired product
  • raw material powders respectively consisting of C1018 steel spherical powder (particle size of 80 to 200 mesh or 74 to 177 pm) and alumina granules (particle size of 20 to 100 pm)
  • the powders were molded in molds each made by adhering a baglike rubber of 200 pm thick and 50mm long to a gypsum mold support having a disk-shaped cavity of 80 mm diameter and 15 mm thick formed at a position of 80 mm from one end of a shaft having a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 100 mm.
  • the roundnesses of the molded disks so prepared were measured with the result that there were little variations in the disk diameter and all of the variations were less than 0.2%.
  • the disk diameters were as follows. Steel spherical powder 72.90 ⁇ 0.13 mm Alumina granules 68.10 ⁇ 0.09 mm

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
EP85306184A 1984-09-04 1985-08-30 Procédé de moulage de poudre métallique, céramique et analogues Expired - Lifetime EP0176266B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85306184T ATE60531T1 (de) 1984-09-04 1985-08-30 Verfahren zum verdichten von pulver aus metall, keramik und aehnlichem.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP183780/84 1984-09-04
JP59183780A JPS6164801A (ja) 1984-09-04 1984-09-04 金属、セラミツクス等の粉体の成形方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0176266A1 true EP0176266A1 (fr) 1986-04-02
EP0176266B1 EP0176266B1 (fr) 1991-01-30

Family

ID=16141810

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85306184A Expired - Lifetime EP0176266B1 (fr) 1984-09-04 1985-08-30 Procédé de moulage de poudre métallique, céramique et analogues

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4612163A (fr)
EP (1) EP0176266B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6164801A (fr)
AT (1) ATE60531T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1271011A (fr)
DE (1) DE3581575D1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0249936A2 (fr) * 1986-06-17 1987-12-23 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de moulage de poudre
WO1988005701A1 (fr) * 1987-02-03 1988-08-11 Uddeholm Tooling Aktiebolag Procede de fabrication d'articles par metallurgie des poudres et appareil de realisation dudit procede
EP0452936A2 (fr) * 1990-04-20 1991-10-23 Hutschenreuther AG Procédé pour la fabrication d'un objet en céramique et dispositif pour le pressage d'une ébauche en céramique
EP0482220A1 (fr) * 1990-10-20 1992-04-29 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Procédé de préparation de pièces de forme compliquée à partir de poudre métallique ou céramique
WO1993013923A1 (fr) * 1990-06-07 1993-07-22 The Dow Chemical Company Composites pour ceramique non cuite, a base de poudre pour moulage par injection, exempts de lignes de raccord
EP0676381A1 (fr) * 1994-04-11 1995-10-11 Georg Dr.-Ing. Kalawrytinos Procédé pour la fabrication d'un implant

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61273298A (ja) * 1985-05-28 1986-12-03 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 粉体の成形方法
US4931241A (en) * 1987-08-06 1990-06-05 Ltv Aerospace And Defense Company Method for producing structures by isostatic compression
JPH0324202A (ja) * 1989-06-22 1991-02-01 Nkk Corp 金属、セラミックス等の粉体の成形方法
US5098620A (en) * 1990-06-07 1992-03-24 The Dow Chemical Company Method of injection molding ceramic greenward composites without knit lines
US5244623A (en) * 1991-05-10 1993-09-14 Ferro Corporation Method for isostatic pressing of formed powder, porous powder compact, and composite intermediates
US5401292A (en) * 1992-08-03 1995-03-28 Isp Investments Inc. Carbonyl iron power premix composition
US5503795A (en) * 1995-04-25 1996-04-02 Pennsylvania Pressed Metals, Inc. Preform compaction powdered metal process
WO2003067207A2 (fr) * 2002-02-08 2003-08-14 Hormel Foods Corporation Indicateur de pression
KR101868736B1 (ko) * 2017-02-20 2018-06-18 에스케이씨솔믹스 주식회사 고분자 봉지를 활용한 성형품 제조장치
US10947448B2 (en) * 2017-02-28 2021-03-16 Nichia Corporation Method for manufacturing wavelength conversion member
CN111790906B (zh) * 2020-06-15 2022-02-08 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 一种可收缩的湿袋式冷等静压成型模具

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1863854A (en) * 1929-11-04 1932-06-21 Champion Porcelain Company Method of and apparatus for shaping articles
GB787352A (en) * 1955-03-17 1957-12-04 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of metal articles from metal powders
EP0133515A2 (fr) * 1983-08-11 1985-02-27 Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union MàœNchen Gmbh Procédé de fabrication d'ébauches par compression isostatique à froid

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US31355A (en) * 1861-02-05 Chttbjst
SE323179B (fr) * 1967-11-08 1970-04-27 Asea Ab
US3523148A (en) * 1968-01-04 1970-08-04 Battelle Development Corp Isostatic pressure transmitting apparatus and method
US3956452A (en) * 1973-08-16 1976-05-11 Shinagawa Firebrick, Co., Ltd. Dry-type isostatic pressing method involving minimization of breaks or cracks in the molded bodies
USRE31355E (en) 1976-06-03 1983-08-23 Kelsey-Hayes Company Method for hot consolidating powder
US4271114A (en) * 1977-07-14 1981-06-02 General Electric Company Method of compacting dry powder into shapes

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1863854A (en) * 1929-11-04 1932-06-21 Champion Porcelain Company Method of and apparatus for shaping articles
GB787352A (en) * 1955-03-17 1957-12-04 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of metal articles from metal powders
EP0133515A2 (fr) * 1983-08-11 1985-02-27 Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union MàœNchen Gmbh Procédé de fabrication d'ébauches par compression isostatique à froid

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0249936A2 (fr) * 1986-06-17 1987-12-23 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de moulage de poudre
EP0249936A3 (fr) * 1986-06-17 1989-11-15 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de moulage de poudre
WO1988005701A1 (fr) * 1987-02-03 1988-08-11 Uddeholm Tooling Aktiebolag Procede de fabrication d'articles par metallurgie des poudres et appareil de realisation dudit procede
EP0452936A2 (fr) * 1990-04-20 1991-10-23 Hutschenreuther AG Procédé pour la fabrication d'un objet en céramique et dispositif pour le pressage d'une ébauche en céramique
EP0452936A3 (en) * 1990-04-20 1992-04-15 Hutschenreuther Ag Process for making a ceramic object and apparatus for pressing a ceramic blank
US5314646A (en) * 1990-04-20 1994-05-24 Hutschenreuther Ag Method for the production of a ceramic moulding
WO1993013923A1 (fr) * 1990-06-07 1993-07-22 The Dow Chemical Company Composites pour ceramique non cuite, a base de poudre pour moulage par injection, exempts de lignes de raccord
EP0482220A1 (fr) * 1990-10-20 1992-04-29 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Procédé de préparation de pièces de forme compliquée à partir de poudre métallique ou céramique
EP0676381A1 (fr) * 1994-04-11 1995-10-11 Georg Dr.-Ing. Kalawrytinos Procédé pour la fabrication d'un implant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3581575D1 (de) 1991-03-07
EP0176266B1 (fr) 1991-01-30
CA1271011A (fr) 1990-07-03
JPS6164801A (ja) 1986-04-03
ATE60531T1 (de) 1991-02-15
US4612163A (en) 1986-09-16

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