EP0175196B1 - Member, construction system with a support to be assembled with at least one member of such a kind and dismountable structure realized by assembling a plurality of such members and supports - Google Patents

Member, construction system with a support to be assembled with at least one member of such a kind and dismountable structure realized by assembling a plurality of such members and supports Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0175196B1
EP0175196B1 EP19850111011 EP85111011A EP0175196B1 EP 0175196 B1 EP0175196 B1 EP 0175196B1 EP 19850111011 EP19850111011 EP 19850111011 EP 85111011 A EP85111011 A EP 85111011A EP 0175196 B1 EP0175196 B1 EP 0175196B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
central portion
screw
upright
construction
side portions
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP19850111011
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0175196A2 (en
EP0175196A3 (en
Inventor
Eric Dini
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AZUCENA SA
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AZUCENA SA
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Publication of EP0175196A3 publication Critical patent/EP0175196A3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/70—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood
    • E04B2/701—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with integrated supporting and obturation function
    • E04B2/705—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with integrated supporting and obturation function with longitudinal horizontal elements placed between columns

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a construction element, a removable construction system comprising such an element and an assembly post, as well as a removable construction produced by means of this system.
  • the subject of the invention is, on the one hand, a construction element, consisting of a part having the general shape of a straight parallelepiped of rectangular section having at least one groove with a flat bottom parallel to its length and s extending over its entire lower face and at least one projecting part, extending over its upper face and forming a tongue corresponding to this groove, and, on the other hand, a construction system comprising such an element and an upright for the end assembly on such an element or the mutual assembly of at least two of these elements.
  • the object of the invention is to make it possible, by means of construction elements and assembly uprights of simple shape, constructions, in particular buildings, which can be easily dismantled and reassembled at will, a large number of times, without these operations altering the characteristics of these parts.
  • the building element according to the invention has the characteristics specified in claim 1 and the building system is as defined in claim 6.
  • the building element 1, shown in Figure 1 is composed of four parts each having the shape of a straight parallelepiped, parallel and integral with each other, namely two side parts 1a identical to each other and an upper central part 1b , as well as a lower central part 1c, having the same width and the same length, placed between the lateral parts 1 a.
  • These four parts are assembled in an appropriate manner, for example by nailing, screwing, or gluing, leaving between them an internal channel 2, open at its two ends, the walls of which are formed by the lower face of the upper central part 1b, the upper face of the lower central part 1c and part of the inner faces of the side parts 1a.
  • the lower face of the lower central part 1c is slightly set back on the lower faces of the lateral parts 1a, over the entire length of the element 1, thereby forming a groove with a flat bottom.
  • the upper face of the upper central part 1 exceeds the upper faces of the lateral parts 1a by a uniform height, equal to or slightly less than the depth of the groove, the bottom of which is constituted by the lower face of the upper central part 1c, over all the length of the element 1, thereby forming a projecting part playing the role of a tongue which can be embedded in the groove of an identical or similar element placed above the element described.
  • the two end faces of the upper central part 1b and of the lower central part 1 c slightly exceed and by the same distance the corresponding end faces of the lateral parts 1 a.
  • the distance beyond the end faces of the central parts 1 and 1 c is substantially equal to the depth of the groove.
  • the two lateral parts 1a as well as the central parts 1b and 1 preferably consist at least for the most part of solid wood, plywood or agglomerated but may also be made of any other suitable material, chosen for example from plastics, metals, in particular iron and its alloys as well as aluminum and its alloys, concrete, etc., or in various combinations of such materials.
  • the external parts of the lateral parts 1a can be formed of flat. ques or plastic sheets while the rest of these side parts can be solid wood, plywood or chipboard.
  • the element could be produced in a single piece, for example an extruded or cast part made of metal or plastic.
  • the element could possibly comprise several grooves and corresponding projecting parts, on the sole condition that these grooves and projecting parts are arranged so as to allow the interlocking of the projecting parts of one element in the corresponding grooves of another. identical or similar element placed above it to allow their assembly.
  • a screw 3 is removably and rotatably arranged in a cylindrical housing 4 with a vertical axis included in the longitudinal median plane of the element 1 and passing through it from the side of the face upper of its upper central part 1b to the lower face of its lower central part 1c.
  • the housing 4 is composed of two coaxial bores 4a and 4b, formed, respectively, in the upper central part 1 and the lower central part 1 c of the element 1.
  • the bore 4a is threaded and receives the head 3a of the screw 3, leaving behind a certain length of free thread.
  • the head 3a of the screw 3 is not threaded and it is delimited, relative to the body 3b of the screw 3, by a shoulder 3c which rests on the surface of the underside of the upper central part 1b of the element 1 by preventing the passage of the body 3b in the bore 4a.
  • the inner face of the bore 4a is constituted by a sleeve 5 which may be of a suitable material such as a metal such as copper or one of its alloys, or a plastic material such as polytetra- fluoroethylene, and in which is cut the thread of the bore 4a.
  • a socket 5 is not essential and the thread of the bore 4a could possibly be cut directly in the mass of the upper central part 1b.
  • the bore 4b is not threaded.
  • the total length of the screw 3 is such that when it is in place in the housing 4, the shoulder 3c being supported on the surface of the lower face of the upper central part 1b of the element 1, a shoulder 3d , which delimits the threaded front part 3e of the screw 3 relative to the body 3b of the latter comes flush with the surface of the lower face of the lower central part 1 c of the element 1.
  • the screw 3 can be at will inserted into the housing 4 and be withdrawn therefrom from the bottom and that it is freely movable in rotation about its axis, the rotational movement being able to be imparted to it by means of 'A screwdriver inserted into the housing 4 from the top and engaging in a groove 6 formed in the head 3a of the screw 3, in a manner well known per se.
  • housing 4 and the screw 3 it would of course be possible to arrange the housing 4 and the screw 3 so that the latter can be introduced into the housing 4 and be withdrawn therefrom from the top.
  • a simple groove made in the head of the screw 3 one could provide a housing of prismatic shape, for example a hexagonal housing, in a manner known per se.
  • the assembly amount 7 shown in Figure 3 is arranged to allow the assembly at right angles to two elements of the type of element 1 which has just been described.
  • the upright 7 is constituted by a prismatic body having the general shape of a right parallelepiped of square section having the same height as the lateral faces 1 has elements which are intended to be associated therewith as well as the same width as these elements.
  • Two of the lateral faces of the upright 7 each carry a prismatic appendage 8 of rectangular section, the shape and dimensions of which correspond to the section of the internal channel 2 of the element 1 intended to be associated with the upright 7.
  • the appendages 8 constitute assembly studs intended to be fitted at the end of the channel 2, forming a corresponding mortise, of the element 1.
  • Each stud 8 is crossed by vertical cylindrical passages 9, having a section sufficient to allow passage, with a slight clearance, the rod 3b of the straight screw, the axis of the passage 9 being disposed in a position such that it comes exactly opposite the bores 4a and 4b constituting the housing 4 of the screw 3, when the tenon 8 is engaged in the channel 2 of the corresponding element 1, the anterior face thereof abutting against the lateral face of the upright 7.
  • the assembly of an element 1 on an upright 7 is done simply by inserting the te no 8 of the upright 7 in the inner channel 2 of the element 1, so that the anterior face of the latter abuts against the corresponding lateral face of the upright 7, and introduction of the screw 3 into the housing 4 in order to block the element 1 compared to the amount 7.
  • the side faces of the upright 7 have grooves 10 whose width is equal to that of the central parts 1b and 1c of the element 1 intended to be associated with the upright 7 and the depth is equal to the distance from the projection of the front faces of these central parts 1b and 1c with respect to the end faces of the lateral parts 1a.
  • the mutual assembly of building elements 1 mounted one on top of the other, for example so as to constitute a wall or a wall, is carried out by simple screwing.
  • the three elements 1 1 , 1 2 , and 1 3 are assembled by successively screwing the screws 3 which are respectively associated with them, previously placed in the corresponding housings 4, in the bores 4a of the lower adjacent element.
  • this method of assembling the elements 1 has the advantage of allowing very high dimensional accuracy, even if the elements 1 are themselves produced with relatively large dimensional tolerances, as is the case, for example, for wooden elements. This facilitates the mass production of construction elements 1, while allowing the realization of assemblies with high dimensional accuracy.
  • the fixing of the bottom element 1 1 on the base of a construction can be carried out by means of threaded bushes 12 and 4, respectively fixed on the base of the construction and on the lower face of the lower central part 1 of the element 1 1 and assembled together by means of a threaded rod 13 of the same pitch as the screw 3.
  • the width of the elements 1 has the value 15 (expressed in appropriate units, for example in centimeters or inches)
  • a series of elements can be used (for example, corresponding to 40 different longitudinal dimensions) having staggered lengths between 15 and 600, with spacings of the axes of the housings 4 (indicated on the abscissa on the graph in Figure 9) varying between 7.5 and 90.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a balcony balustrade by means of a plurality of elements 1 and assembly uprights 7.
  • additional elements 15 having a wedge shape are used which can advantageously be assembled with the elements 1 by means of screws arranged in housings coming into correspondence with those of the elements 1, and / or by means of pins and arrangement similar to those of the pins 8 of the uprights 7.

Description

La présente invention concerne un élément de construction, un système de construction démontable comprenant un tel élément et un montant d'assemblage, ainsi qu'une construction démontable réalisée au moyen de ce système.The present invention relates to a construction element, a removable construction system comprising such an element and an assembly post, as well as a removable construction produced by means of this system.

Plus précisément, l'invention a pour objet, d'une part, un élément de construction, constitué par une pièce ayant la forme générale d'un parallélépipède droit de section rectangulaire présentant au moins une rainure à fond plat parallèle à sa longueur et s'étendant sur toute sa face inférieure et au moins une partie en saillie, s'étendant sur sa face supérieure et formant une languette correspondant à cette rainure, et, d'autre part, un système de construction comprenant un tel élément et un montant pour l'assemblage en bout sur un tel élément ou l'assemblage mutuel d'au moins deux de ces éléments.More specifically, the subject of the invention is, on the one hand, a construction element, consisting of a part having the general shape of a straight parallelepiped of rectangular section having at least one groove with a flat bottom parallel to its length and s extending over its entire lower face and at least one projecting part, extending over its upper face and forming a tongue corresponding to this groove, and, on the other hand, a construction system comprising such an element and an upright for the end assembly on such an element or the mutual assembly of at least two of these elements.

L'invention a pour but de permettre de réaliser, au moyen d'éléments de construction et de montants d'assemblage de forme simple, des constructions, notamment des bâtiments, pouvant être facilement démontés et remontés à volonté, un grand nombre de fois, sans que ces opérations n'altèrent les caractéristiques de ces pièces.The object of the invention is to make it possible, by means of construction elements and assembly uprights of simple shape, constructions, in particular buildings, which can be easily dismantled and reassembled at will, a large number of times, without these operations altering the characteristics of these parts.

A cet effet, l'élément de construction selon l'invention présente les caractéristiques spécifiées dans la revendication 1 et le système de construction est tel que défini dans la revendication 6.To this end, the building element according to the invention has the characteristics specified in claim 1 and the building system is as defined in claim 6.

Des caractéristiques supplémentaires, avantageuses mais facultatives, de l'élément sont spécifiées dans les revendications 2 à 5, des caractéristiques également facultatives bien que préférentielles du système étant spécifiées dans les revendications 7 et 8.Additional, advantageous but optional, characteristics of the element are specified in claims 2 to 5, also optional although preferred characteristics of the system being specified in claims 7 and 8.

L'invention sera mieux comprise grâce à la description détaillée qui va suivre d'exemples de réalisation à titre non limitatif, en se référant au dessin annexé dans lequel:

  • La Figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un élément de construction selon l'invention;
  • La Figure 2 est une vue en coupe de l'élément représenté à la Figure 1, selon le plan de coupe indiqué par la ligne II-II dans cette figure;
  • La Figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'un montant pour l'assemblage de deux éléments de construction;
  • La Figure 4 est une vue, en plan, de dessus, d'un montant permettant l'assemblage de quatre éléments de construction;
  • La Figure 5 est une vue en perspective illustrant l'assemblage de trois éléments au moyen d'un montant;
  • Les Figures 6a et 6b sont respectivement une vue en plan, de dessus, et une vue en élévation latérale d'un montant pour l'assemblage de deux éléments, selon un angle variable;
  • La Figure 7 est une vue en coupe, selon un plan de coupe similaire à celui de la Figure 2, illustrant le mode de fixation de trois éléments superposés;
  • La Figure 8 est une vue en coupe, analogue à la Figure 7, illustrant le mode de fixation d'un élément sur le soubassement d'une construction;
  • La Figure 9 est un graphique illustrant les proportions relatives des longueurs d'une série d'éléments de dimensions croissantes et les emplacements des axes des logements de leurs vis de fixation;
  • La Figure 10 illustre un exemple de réalisation de la balustrade d'un balcon au moyen d'une pluralité d'éléments de construction et de montants d'assemblage selon l'invention; et
  • La Figure 11 illustre un exemple de réalisation de la partie supérieure d'une paroi, destinée à supporter le toit d'un bâtiment, également au moyen d'une pluralité d'éléments de construction et de montants d'assemblage selon l'invention, ainsi que d'éléments supplémentaires compatibles avec ceux-ci.
The invention will be better understood thanks to the detailed description which follows of non-limiting exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawing in which:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a building element according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of the element shown in Figure 1, along the section plane indicated by line II-II in this figure;
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of an upright for the assembly of two construction elements;
  • Figure 4 is a plan view from above of an upright allowing the assembly of four construction elements;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view illustrating the assembly of three elements by means of an upright;
  • Figures 6a and 6b are respectively a plan view, from above, and a side elevation view of an upright for the assembly of two elements, at a variable angle;
  • Figure 7 is a sectional view, along a section plane similar to that of Figure 2, illustrating the method of fixing three superimposed elements;
  • Figure 8 is a sectional view, similar to Figure 7, illustrating the method of fixing an element on the base of a construction;
  • Figure 9 is a graph illustrating the relative proportions of the lengths of a series of elements of increasing dimensions and the locations of the axes of the housings of their fixing screws;
  • FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the balustrade of a balcony by means of a plurality of construction elements and assembly uprights according to the invention; and
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the upper part of a wall, intended to support the roof of a building, also by means of a plurality of construction elements and assembly uprights according to the invention, as well as additional elements compatible with them.

L'élément de construction 1, représenté à la Figure 1, est composé de quatre parties ayant chacune la forme d'un parallélépipède droit, parallèles et solidaires entre elles, à savoir deux parties latérales 1 a identiques entre elles et une partie centrale supérieure 1b, ainsi qu'une partie centrale inférieure 1c, ayant la même largeur et la même longueur, placées entre les parties latérales 1 a. Ces quatre parties sont assemblées de manière appropriée, par exemple par clouage, vissage, ou collage, en laissant entre elles un canal intérieur 2, ouvert à ses deux extrémités, dont les parois sont formées par la face inférieure de la partie centrale supérieure 1b, la face supérieure de la partie centrale inférieure 1c et une partie des faces intérieures des parties latérales 1a.The building element 1, shown in Figure 1, is composed of four parts each having the shape of a straight parallelepiped, parallel and integral with each other, namely two side parts 1a identical to each other and an upper central part 1b , as well as a lower central part 1c, having the same width and the same length, placed between the lateral parts 1 a. These four parts are assembled in an appropriate manner, for example by nailing, screwing, or gluing, leaving between them an internal channel 2, open at its two ends, the walls of which are formed by the lower face of the upper central part 1b, the upper face of the lower central part 1c and part of the inner faces of the side parts 1a.

La face inférieure de la partie centrale inférieure 1c est légèrement en retrait sur les faces inférieures des parties latérales 1a, sur toute la longueur de l'élément 1, en formant ainsi une rainure à fond plat. La face supérieure de la partie centrale supérieure 1 dépasse les faces supérieures des parties latérales 1a sur une hauteur uniforme, égale ou légèrement inférieure à la profondeur de la rainure dont le fond est constitué par la face inférieure de la partie centrale supérieure 1c, sur toute la longueur de l'élément 1, en formant ainsi une partie en saillie jouant le rôle d'une languette pouvant s'encastrer dans la rainure d'un élément identique ou similaire placé au dessus de l'élément décrit.The lower face of the lower central part 1c is slightly set back on the lower faces of the lateral parts 1a, over the entire length of the element 1, thereby forming a groove with a flat bottom. The upper face of the upper central part 1 exceeds the upper faces of the lateral parts 1a by a uniform height, equal to or slightly less than the depth of the groove, the bottom of which is constituted by the lower face of the upper central part 1c, over all the length of the element 1, thereby forming a projecting part playing the role of a tongue which can be embedded in the groove of an identical or similar element placed above the element described.

Les deux faces d'extrémité de la partie centrale supérieure 1b et de la partie centrale inférieure 1 c dépassent légèrement et de la même distance les faces d'extrémité correspondantes des parties latérales 1 a. De préférence, la distance de dépassement des faces d'extrémité des parties centrales 1 et 1 c est sensiblement égale à la profondeur de la rainure.The two end faces of the upper central part 1b and of the lower central part 1 c slightly exceed and by the same distance the corresponding end faces of the lateral parts 1 a. Preferably, the distance beyond the end faces of the central parts 1 and 1 c is substantially equal to the depth of the groove.

Les deux parties latérales 1a ainsi que les parties centrales 1b et 1 sont de préférence constituées au moins en majeure partie de bois massif, contreplaqué ou aggloméré mais peuvent être également en toute autre matériau approprié, choisi par exemple parmi les matières plastiques, les métaux, notamment le fer et ses alliages ainsi que l'aluminium et ses alliages, le béton, etc... ou encore en diverses combinaisons de tels matériaux.The two lateral parts 1a as well as the central parts 1b and 1 preferably consist at least for the most part of solid wood, plywood or agglomerated but may also be made of any other suitable material, chosen for example from plastics, metals, in particular iron and its alloys as well as aluminum and its alloys, concrete, etc., or in various combinations of such materials.

Avantageusement, les parties extérieures des parties latérales la peuvent être formées de pla-. ques ou feuilles de matière plastique alors que le reste des ces parties latérales peut être en bois massif, contreplaqué ou aggloméré.Advantageously, the external parts of the lateral parts 1a can be formed of flat. ques or plastic sheets while the rest of these side parts can be solid wood, plywood or chipboard.

Selon un autre mode d'exécution (non représenté) l'élément pourrait être réalisé en une seule piêce, par exemple une pièce extrudée ou venue de coulée en métal ou matière plastique.According to another embodiment (not shown) the element could be produced in a single piece, for example an extruded or cast part made of metal or plastic.

L'élément pourrait éventuellement comporter plusieurs rainures et parties en saillies correspondantes, à la seule condition que ces rainures et parties en saillies soient agencées de manière à permettre l'emboîtement des parties en saillies d'un élément dans les rainures correspondantes d'un autre élément identique ou similaire placé au dessus de lui afin de permettre leur assemblage.The element could possibly comprise several grooves and corresponding projecting parts, on the sole condition that these grooves and projecting parts are arranged so as to allow the interlocking of the projecting parts of one element in the corresponding grooves of another. identical or similar element placed above it to allow their assembly.

Comme on le voit à la Figure 2, une vis 3 est disposée de manière amovible et rotative dans un logement cylindrique 4 à axe vertical compris dans le plan médian longitudinal de l'élément 1 et traversant celui-ci de part en part de la face supérieure de sa partie centrale supérieur 1 b à la face inférieure de sa partie centrale inférieure 1c. Plus précisément, le logement 4 est composé de deux alésages coaxiaux 4a et 4b, formés, respectivement, dans la partie centrale supérieure 1 et la partie centrale inférieure 1 c de l'élément 1. L'alésage 4a est fileté et il reçoit la tête 3a de la vis 3 en laissant en arrière de celle ci une certaine longueur de filetage libre. La tête 3a de la vis 3 n'est pas filetée et elle est délimitée, par rapport au corps 3b de la vis 3, par un épaulement 3c qui s'appuie sur la surface de la face inférieure de la partie centrale supérieure 1 b de l'élément 1 en empêchant le passage du corps 3b dans l'alésage 4a. Comme représenté à la Figure 2, la face intérieure de l'alésage 4a est constituée par une douille 5 qui peut être en un matériau approprié tel qu'un métal comme le cuivre ou un de ses alliages, ou une matière plastique comme le polytétra- fluoroéthylène, et dans laquelle est taillée le filetage de l'alésage 4a. Toutefois, la présence d'une douille 5 n'est pas indispensable et le filetage de l'alésage 4a pourrait éventuellement être taillé directement dans la masse de la partie centrale supérieure 1 b.As seen in Figure 2, a screw 3 is removably and rotatably arranged in a cylindrical housing 4 with a vertical axis included in the longitudinal median plane of the element 1 and passing through it from the side of the face upper of its upper central part 1b to the lower face of its lower central part 1c. More specifically, the housing 4 is composed of two coaxial bores 4a and 4b, formed, respectively, in the upper central part 1 and the lower central part 1 c of the element 1. The bore 4a is threaded and receives the head 3a of the screw 3, leaving behind a certain length of free thread. The head 3a of the screw 3 is not threaded and it is delimited, relative to the body 3b of the screw 3, by a shoulder 3c which rests on the surface of the underside of the upper central part 1b of the element 1 by preventing the passage of the body 3b in the bore 4a. As shown in Figure 2, the inner face of the bore 4a is constituted by a sleeve 5 which may be of a suitable material such as a metal such as copper or one of its alloys, or a plastic material such as polytetra- fluoroethylene, and in which is cut the thread of the bore 4a. However, the presence of a socket 5 is not essential and the thread of the bore 4a could possibly be cut directly in the mass of the upper central part 1b.

L'alésage 4b n'est pas fileté. La longueur totale de la vis 3 est telle que lorsqu'elle est en place dans le logement 4, l'épaulement 3c étant appuyé sur la surface de la face inférieure de la partie centrale supérieure 1 b de l'élément 1, un épaulement 3d, qui délimite la partie avant filetée 3e de la vis 3 par rapport au corps 3b de celle-ci vient affleurer la surface de la face inférieure de la partie centrale inférieure 1 c de l'élément 1. On comprendra que, dans la configuration représentée à la Figure 2, la vis 3 peut être à volonté introduite dans le logement 4 et en être retirée à partir du bas et qu'elle est librement mobile en rotation autour de son axe, le mouvement de rotation pouvant lui être conféré au moyen d'un tournevis introduit dans le logement 4 à partir du haut et venant en prise dans une rainure 6 ménagée dans la tête 3a de la vis 3, de manière bien connue en soi.The bore 4b is not threaded. The total length of the screw 3 is such that when it is in place in the housing 4, the shoulder 3c being supported on the surface of the lower face of the upper central part 1b of the element 1, a shoulder 3d , which delimits the threaded front part 3e of the screw 3 relative to the body 3b of the latter comes flush with the surface of the lower face of the lower central part 1 c of the element 1. It will be understood that, in the configuration shown in Figure 2, the screw 3 can be at will inserted into the housing 4 and be withdrawn therefrom from the bottom and that it is freely movable in rotation about its axis, the rotational movement being able to be imparted to it by means of 'A screwdriver inserted into the housing 4 from the top and engaging in a groove 6 formed in the head 3a of the screw 3, in a manner well known per se.

En variante, il serait bien entendu possible d'agencer le logement 4 et la vis 3 de manière que cette dernière puisse être introduite dans le logement 4 et en être retirée à partir du haut. D'autre part, au lieu d'une simple rainure ménagée dans la tête de la vis 3, on pourrait prévoir un logement de forme prismatique, par exemple un logement hexagonal, de manière connue en soi. On pourrait également actionner la tête de la vis 3 en agissant sur un organe prismatique en saillie fixé sur sa face supérieure.As a variant, it would of course be possible to arrange the housing 4 and the screw 3 so that the latter can be introduced into the housing 4 and be withdrawn therefrom from the top. On the other hand, instead of a simple groove made in the head of the screw 3, one could provide a housing of prismatic shape, for example a hexagonal housing, in a manner known per se. One could also actuate the head of the screw 3 by acting on a projecting prismatic member fixed on its upper face.

Bien entendu, le nombre de vis de fixation 3 associées à chaque élément 1 et, par conséquent, le nombre de logements 4 correspondant, dépendra de la longueur de l'élément 1.Of course, the number of fixing screws 3 associated with each element 1 and, consequently, the corresponding number of housings 4, will depend on the length of the element 1.

Le montant d'assemblage 7 représenté à la Figure 3 est agencé pour permettre l'assemblage à angle droit de deux éléments du type de l'élément 1 qui vient d'être décrit. Le montant 7 est constitué par un corps prismatique ayant la forme générale d'un parallélépipède droit de section carrée ayant la même hauteur que les faces latérales 1 a des éléments qui sont destinés à lui être associés ainsi que la même largeur que ces éléments.The assembly amount 7 shown in Figure 3 is arranged to allow the assembly at right angles to two elements of the type of element 1 which has just been described. The upright 7 is constituted by a prismatic body having the general shape of a right parallelepiped of square section having the same height as the lateral faces 1 has elements which are intended to be associated therewith as well as the same width as these elements.

Deux des faces latérales du montant 7 portent chacune un appendice prismatique 8 de section rectangulaire, dont la forme et les dimensions correspondent à la section du canal intérieur 2 de l'élément 1 destiné à être associé au montant 7. Ainsi, les appendices 8 constituent des tenons d'assemblage destinés à être emboîtés à l'extrémité du canal 2, formant mortaise correspondante, de l'élément 1. Chaque tenon 8 est traversé par des passages cylindriques verticaux 9, ayant une section suffisante pour laisser passer, avec un léger jeu, la tige 3b de la vis droite, l'axe du passage 9 étant disposé en position telle que celui-ci vienne exactement en regard des alésages 4a et 4b constituant le logement 4 de la vis 3, lorsque le tenon 8 est engagé dans le canal 2 de l'élément 1 correspondant, la face antérieure de celui-ci venant buter contre la face latérale du montant 7. Ainsi, l'assemblage d'un élément 1 sur un montant 7 se fait simplement par insertion du tenon 8 du montant 7 dans le canal intérieur 2 de l'élément 1, de façon que la face antérieure de ce dernier bute contre la face latérale correspondante du montant 7, et introduction de la vis 3 dans le logement 4 afin de bloquer l'élément 1 par rapport au montant 7.Two of the lateral faces of the upright 7 each carry a prismatic appendage 8 of rectangular section, the shape and dimensions of which correspond to the section of the internal channel 2 of the element 1 intended to be associated with the upright 7. Thus, the appendages 8 constitute assembly studs intended to be fitted at the end of the channel 2, forming a corresponding mortise, of the element 1. Each stud 8 is crossed by vertical cylindrical passages 9, having a section sufficient to allow passage, with a slight clearance, the rod 3b of the straight screw, the axis of the passage 9 being disposed in a position such that it comes exactly opposite the bores 4a and 4b constituting the housing 4 of the screw 3, when the tenon 8 is engaged in the channel 2 of the corresponding element 1, the anterior face thereof abutting against the lateral face of the upright 7. Thus, the assembly of an element 1 on an upright 7 is done simply by inserting the te no 8 of the upright 7 in the inner channel 2 of the element 1, so that the anterior face of the latter abuts against the corresponding lateral face of the upright 7, and introduction of the screw 3 into the housing 4 in order to block the element 1 compared to the amount 7.

Selon la forme d'exécution représentée à la Figure 3, les faces latérales du montant 7 présentent des rainures 10 dont la largeur est égale à celle des partie centrales 1 b et 1 c de l'élément 1 destiné à être associé au montant 7 et la profondeur est égale à la distance de saillie des faces frontales de ces parties centrales 1 b et 1 c par rapport aux faces d'extrémité des parties latérales 1 a. Ceci permet d'obtenir un excellent ajustage de l'élément 1 sur le montant 7 et une transmission mutuelle intégrale des efforts, ce qui contribue à augmenter la résistance des assemblages réalisés avec une pluralité d'éléments 1 et de montants 7, pour les raisons indiquées dans la suite de la description.According to the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the side faces of the upright 7 have grooves 10 whose width is equal to that of the central parts 1b and 1c of the element 1 intended to be associated with the upright 7 and the depth is equal to the distance from the projection of the front faces of these central parts 1b and 1c with respect to the end faces of the lateral parts 1a. This makes it possible to obtain an excellent adjustment of the element 1 on the upright 7 and an integral mutual transmission of the forces, which contributes to increasing the resistance of the assemblies produced with a plurality of elements 1 and of the uprights 7, for the reasons indicated in the following description.

Cependant, la présence de telles rainures 10 n'est pas indispensable et il est clair qu'elles sont inutiles dans le cas où les faces d'extrémité de toutes les partie de l'élément 1 associées au montant, 7, seraient dans le même plan.However, the presence of such grooves 10 is not essential and it is clear that they are useless in the case where the end faces of all the parts of the element 1 associated with the upright, 7, are in the same plan.

On comprendra que le montant 7 pourrait être modifié pour permettre l'assemblage de deux éléments . du type de l'élément 1 dans le prolongement l'un de l'autre en disposant les tenons 8 sur des faces latérales opposées du montant 7.It will be understood that the amount 7 could be modified to allow the assembly of two elements. of the type of element 1 in the extension of one another by placing the pins 8 on opposite lateral faces of the upright 7.

De même, en vue de permettre l'assemblage en bout du montant 7 à l'extrémité d'un seul élément, ou bien l'assemblage mutuel de trois ou quatre éléments 1, il suffit de munir un montant similaire au montant 7 d'un nombre correspondant de tenons, comme illustré, par exemple, à la Figure 4 qui représente un montant 7' comprenant un tenon 8' sur chacune de ses quatre faces latérales.Similarly, in order to allow the assembly at the end of the upright 7 at the end of a single element, or although the mutual assembly of three or four elements 1, it suffices to provide an amount similar to the amount 7 with a corresponding number of lugs, as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 4 which represents an amount 7 ′ comprising a lug 8 'on each of its four side faces.

Dans l'exemple d'assemblage illustré à la Figure 5, trois éléments 1 sont assemblés en T au moyen d'un montant 7" comportant un tenon (non visible sur le dessin) sur trois des ses faces latérales, la face latérale restante comportant simplement une rainure 10" qui constitue un logement pour un joint d'étanchéité (non représenté) en matière souple. Du fait que les partie centrales supérieures 1 ainsi que les parties centrales inférieures 1c (non visibles sur le dessin) des éléments 1 sont ajustés dans les rainures des faces latérales correspondantes du montant 7", chaque élément 1 étant bloqué sur le tenon correspondant du montant 7", inséré dans son canal central 2, au moyen d'une vis logée dans un logement 4 (dont un seul est représenté à la Figure 5), la transmission au montant 7" des efforts éventuellement exercés sur chacun des éléments 1 se fait de manière instantanée et intégrale.In the assembly example illustrated in FIG. 5, three elements 1 are assembled in a T by means of an upright 7 "comprising a lug (not visible in the drawing) on three of its lateral faces, the remaining lateral face comprising simply a groove 10 "which constitutes a housing for a seal (not shown) in flexible material. Because the upper central parts 1 as well as the lower central parts 1c (not visible in the drawing) of the elements 1 are adjusted in the grooves of the corresponding lateral faces of the upright 7 ", each element 1 being locked on the corresponding lug of the upright 7 ", inserted in its central channel 2, by means of a screw housed in a housing 4 (of which only one is shown in FIG. 5), the transmission to the upright 7" of the forces possibly exerted on each of the elements 1 is made instantly and completely.

Le montant 7"' représenté aux Figures 6a et 6b, est composé de deux parties 7'" a et 7"'b articulées l'une à l'autre au moyen d'un pivot vertical central 11, dont chacune porte un tenon 8"' traversé par un passage cylindrique 9"', la forme d'ensemble du corps du montant 7"' étant par ailleurs analogue à celle des montants 7, 7' et 7". On comprendra que par rotation des parties 7"'a et 7"'b du montant 7"' autour du pivot 11, les tenons 8'" peuvent être orientés de tout angle désiré l'un par rapport à l'autre (l'orientation de 180° illustrée aux Figures 6a et 6b ne constituant qu'un simple cas particulier) ce qui permet l'assemblage de deux éléments 1 avec un angle quelconque (compte tenu, bien entendu, des limitations imposées par l'encombrement des éléments 1 eux-mêmes). Eventuellement, le pivot 11 peut être muni d'un mécanisme de blocage permettant l'immobilisation mutuelle des parties 7"'a et 7"'b du montant 7"' selon l'angle voulu.The upright 7 "'shown in Figures 6a and 6b, is composed of two parts 7'" a and 7 "'b hinged to each other by means of a central vertical pivot 11, each of which carries a tenon 8 "'crossed by a cylindrical passage 9"', the overall shape of the body of the upright 7 "'being moreover similar to that of the uprights 7, 7' and 7". It will be understood that by rotation of the parts 7 "'a and 7 "'b of the upright 7"' around the pivot 11, the studs 8 '"can be oriented at any desired angle relative to each other (the 180 ° orientation illustrated in Figures 6a and 6b do not constituting a simple particular case) which allows the assembly of two elements 1 with any angle (taking into account, of course, the limitations imposed by the size of the elements 1 themselves). be provided with a blocking mechanism allowing the mutual immobilization of the parts 7 "'a and 7"' b of the upright 7 "'at the desired angle.

L'assemblage mutuel d'éléments de construction 1 montés les uns sur les autres, par exemple de façon à constituer une paroi ou un mur, s'effectue par simple vissage. Par exemple, comme représenté à la Figure 7, les trois éléments 11, 12, et 13 sont assemblés par vissage successif des vis 3 qui leur sont respectivement associées, préalablement mises en place dans les logements 4 correspondants, dans les alésages 4a de l'élément adjacent inférieur.The mutual assembly of building elements 1 mounted one on top of the other, for example so as to constitute a wall or a wall, is carried out by simple screwing. For example, as shown in Figure 7, the three elements 1 1 , 1 2 , and 1 3 are assembled by successively screwing the screws 3 which are respectively associated with them, previously placed in the corresponding housings 4, in the bores 4a of the lower adjacent element.

Du fait que les vis 3 et les douilles 5 peuvent être réalisées avec une grande précision en un matériau relativement rigide, par exemple en métal, ce mode d'assemblage des éléments 1 présente l'avantage de permettre une très grande précision de dimensions, même si les éléments 1 sont eux-mêmes réalisés avec des tolérances de dimensions relativement grandes, comme c'est le cas, par exemple, pour des éléments en bois. Ceci facilite la construction en grande série des éléments de construction 1, tout en permettant la réalisation d'assemblages avec une grande précision de dimensions.Because the screws 3 and the sockets 5 can be produced with great precision from a relatively rigid material, for example metal, this method of assembling the elements 1 has the advantage of allowing very high dimensional accuracy, even if the elements 1 are themselves produced with relatively large dimensional tolerances, as is the case, for example, for wooden elements. This facilitates the mass production of construction elements 1, while allowing the realization of assemblies with high dimensional accuracy.

Comme on le voit à la Figure 8, la fixation de l'élément du bas 11 sur le soubassement d'une construction (non représentée) peut être effectuée au moyen de douilles filetées 12 et 4, respectivement fixées sur le soubassement de la construction et sur la face inférieure de la partie centrale inférieure 1 de l'élément 11 et assemblées entre elles au moyen d'une tige filetée 13 de même pas que la vis 3.As seen in Figure 8, the fixing of the bottom element 1 1 on the base of a construction (not shown) can be carried out by means of threaded bushes 12 and 4, respectively fixed on the base of the construction and on the lower face of the lower central part 1 of the element 1 1 and assembled together by means of a threaded rod 13 of the same pitch as the screw 3.

Afin de permettre de réaliser, au moyen d'une pluralité d'éléments de construction 1 de différentes longueurs mais ayant toutes la même largeur, et de montants d'assemblage 7 (ou7', 7", 7"') des constructions modulaires de dimensions variées, il suffit que les éléments 1 aient des longueurs multiples de la largeur des montants 7 (donc, également, de la largeur de l'élément 1 lui-même) et que les axes des logements 4 soient disposés avec des espacements multiples ou sous-multiples de cette même largeur.In order to make it possible, by means of a plurality of construction elements 1 of different lengths but all having the same width, and of assembly uprights 7 (or 7 ', 7 ", 7"') of modular constructions of various dimensions, it suffices that the elements 1 have multiple lengths of the width of the uprights 7 (therefore, also, of the width of the element 1 itself) and that the axes of the housings 4 are arranged with multiple spacings or submultiples of this same width.

Par exemple, comme représenté à la Figure 9, dans le cas où la largeur des éléments 1 (et des montants7) a la valeur 15 (exprimée en unités appropriée, par exemple en centimètres ou en pouces) on peut utiliser une série d'éléments (par exemple, correspondant à 40 dimensions longitudinales différentes) ayant des longueurs échelonnées entre 15 et 600, avec des écartements des axes des logements 4 (indiqués en abcisses sur le graphique de la Figure 9) variant entre 7,5 et 90.For example, as shown in Figure 9, in the case where the width of the elements 1 (and the uprights7) has the value 15 (expressed in appropriate units, for example in centimeters or inches) a series of elements can be used (for example, corresponding to 40 different longitudinal dimensions) having staggered lengths between 15 and 600, with spacings of the axes of the housings 4 (indicated on the abscissa on the graph in Figure 9) varying between 7.5 and 90.

Comme indiqué ci-dessus, dans les assemblages réalisés au moyen d'éléments de construction et de montants d'assemblage du type décrit, toute force exercée sur l'une quelconque des parties de l'assemblage est intégralement transmise à l'ensemble du système. Ainsi, on obtient par l'effet bien connu de répartition de l'effet statique des forces dit "effet boîte" une résistance mécanique optimale et une bonne élasticité de l'ensemble, compte tenu des propriétés physiques des matériaux employés.As indicated above, in assemblies made by means of construction elements and assembly uprights of the type described, any force exerted on any of the parts of the assembly is fully transmitted to the whole system. . Thus, the well-known distribution effect of the so-called "box effect" distribution effect is obtained with optimum mechanical resistance and good elasticity of the assembly, taking into account the physical properties of the materials used.

La Figure 10 illustre un exemple de réalisation d'une balustrade de balcon au moyen d'une pluralité d'éléments 1 et de montants d'assemblage 7.FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a balcony balustrade by means of a plurality of elements 1 and assembly uprights 7.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré à la Figure 11, on utilise, en plus d'éléments du type des éléments 1 et des montants du type des montants 7, décrits ci-dessus, des éléments supplémentaires 15 ayant une forme en coin qui peuvent avantageusement être assemblés avec les éléments 1 au moyen de vis disposées dans des logements venant en correspondance avec ceux des éléments 1, et/ou au moyen de tenons d'agencement et fonction similaires à ceux des tenons 8 des montants 7.In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 11, in addition to elements of the type of elements 1 and uprights of the type of uprights 7, described above, additional elements 15 having a wedge shape are used which can advantageously be assembled with the elements 1 by means of screws arranged in housings coming into correspondence with those of the elements 1, and / or by means of pins and arrangement similar to those of the pins 8 of the uprights 7.

De même, on comprendra qu'il est possible d'associer aux éléments 1 et aux montants 7 encore d'autres éléments de construction ou parties d'éléments de construction de toutes formes et dimensions appropriées constituant, par exemple, des éléments terminaux de parois de faîtage, en respectant les principes d'assemblage décrits ci-dessus, comme cela apparaîtra clairement aux hommes du métier.Likewise, it will be understood that it is possible to combine with the elements 1 and with the uprights 7 still other construction elements or parts of construction elements of all appropriate shapes and dimensions constituting, for example, wall end elements. ridge, respecting the assembly principles described above, as will be clear to those skilled in the art.

Les exemples de réalisation donnés dans la description qui précède et illustrés aux dessins annexés ne constituent qu'une illustration partielle des multiples possibilités offertes par l'invention. Celle-ci peut être mise en oeuvre dans les domaines les plus variés parmi lesquels on peut notamment citer la construction de bâtiments démontables, la réalisation d'éléments de meubles, de supports d'appareils ou d'agencement d'expositions, etc... ainsi que la réalisation de jeux de construction et de maquettes, en employant des matériaux très variés tels que le bois les matières plastiques et les métaux ainsi que des combinaisons de tels matériaux.The exemplary embodiments given in the foregoing description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings constitute only a partial illustration of the multiple possibilities offered by the invention. This can be implemented in a wide variety of fields, including the construction of demountable buildings, the realization tion of pieces of furniture, apparatus supports or arrangement of exhibitions, etc ... as well as the realization of building sets and models, by using very varied materials such as wood plastics and metals as well as combinations of such materials.

Claims (9)

1. A structural member consisting of a piece (1) having in general the shape of a right parallelepiped of rectangular section and exhibiting at least one flat-bottomed groove extending all along its bottom face and at least one projecting portion extending along its top face and forming a small tongue corresponding with the said groove, characterized by the fact that it includes an inner channel (2) open at both ends and extending right through the length of the piece in parallel with its top and bottom faces.
2. A structural member as in Claim 1, characterized in that the section of the inner channel is rec- . tangular.
3. A structural member as in Claim 2, characterized in that it is composed of four right parallelepi- pedal portions of rectangular section integral with one another, namely two side portions (1 a) identical with one another and one upper central portion (1b) and one lower central portion (1 c) of equal width which are placed between the said two side portions, the top face of the upper central portion (1b) rising above the top faces of the side portions to form the aforesaid projection and the bottom face of the lower central portion (1 c) being recessed with respect to the bottom faces of the side portions to form the bottom of the said groove, the bottom face of the upper central portion (1b), the top face of the lower central portion (1 c) and one portion of the inner faces of the side portions (1 a) forming the walls of the inner channel (2) and the endfaces of the upper central portion (1 b) and of the lower central portion (1 c) extending by equal amounts beyond the corresponding endfaces of the side portions (1 a).
4. A structural member as in Claim 3, characterized in that it includes at least one screw (3) arranged detachably and able to rotate in a cylindrical seating (4) of which the axis is arranged vertically in the longitudinal central plane of the member (1), the total length of this screw being at most equal to the width of the sidefaces of the member (1) so as to enable assembly of two members (1) mounted one upon the other, by screwing.
5. A structural member as in Claim 4, characterized in that the said seating (4) is composed of two vertical coaxial bores (4a, 4b) formed though each of the two central portions (1 b, 1 c) of the member (1), the bore (4a) passing through the upper central portion (1b) being threaded and receiving the head (3a) of the screw (3) whilst leaving at the rear of the latter a certain length of free thread and the bore (4b) passing through the lower central portion (1c) being without thread and receiving a portion of the screw (3) situated immediately to the rear of the thread on it at the front end (3e) which projects from the bottom of the groove in the member so as to enable assembly of the two members (1) mounted one upon the other by screwing the threaded end (3e) of the screw (3) associated with the member (1) on top into the upper portion (4a) of a bore in the member (1) underneath.
6. A system of dismountable construction comprising a structural member as in Claim 1 and an upright, characterized in that the upright consists of a prismatic body which has in general the shape of a right parallelepiped of square section and is of the same height as the sidefaces (1a) of the member (1) and of the same width as the latter and of which at least one of the four sidefaces is equipped with a prismatic appendage (8) forming an assembly tenon arranged so as to be able to be fitted into the ends of the inner channel (2) in the member (1).
7. A system of construction 3, characterized in that those sidefaces of the upright (7) which are equipped with the appendages (8) form grooves the width of which corresponds with that of the central portions of the member (1) and the depth of which is at least equel to the amount of projection of the latter with respect to the endfaces of the side portions (1 a) of the member (1).
8. A system of construction as in Claim 7, characterized in that each of the appendages (8) has at least one vertical cylindrical hole (9) through it, arranged so as to enable the central portion (3b) of a fixing screw (3) of the members (1) to pass through and placed so as to arrive in a position coaxial with a corresponding cylindrical seating (4) in one of the said members (1) when the appendage (8) is engaged in the inner channel (2) in the latter, whilst the end of the member (1) comes to butt against the bottom of the groove (10) arranged in that face. of the upright (7) which is equipped with the appendage (8).
9. A dismountable construction realized by assembly of a plurality of uprights (7) and structural members (1) as in Claim 1, by means of the system of construction as in Claim 6.
EP19850111011 1984-09-12 1985-08-31 Member, construction system with a support to be assembled with at least one member of such a kind and dismountable structure realized by assembling a plurality of such members and supports Expired - Lifetime EP0175196B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH435084A CH661307A5 (en) 1984-09-12 1984-09-12 CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT, MOUNT FOR ASSEMBLY ON AT LEAST ONE SUCH ELEMENT AND DEMOUNTABLE CONSTRUCTION MADE BY ASSEMBLY OF A PLURALITY OF SUCH ELEMENTS AND UPRIGHTS.
CH4350/84 1984-09-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0175196A2 EP0175196A2 (en) 1986-03-26
EP0175196A3 EP0175196A3 (en) 1987-05-13
EP0175196B1 true EP0175196B1 (en) 1990-05-23

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EP19850111011 Expired - Lifetime EP0175196B1 (en) 1984-09-12 1985-08-31 Member, construction system with a support to be assembled with at least one member of such a kind and dismountable structure realized by assembling a plurality of such members and supports

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EP (1) EP0175196B1 (en)
CH (1) CH661307A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3577896D1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9516577D0 (en) * 1995-08-12 1995-10-11 R B Farquhar Limited Connector
US20050102962A1 (en) * 2003-11-19 2005-05-19 Mcinerney Kevin Timber block

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2263027A1 (en) * 1971-12-29 1973-07-05 Megumi Naomitsu COMPONENT COMPOSED FROM SHORT WOODEN PARTS
FR2393894A1 (en) * 1977-06-08 1979-01-05 Salmeron Floreal Box section for prefabricated house walls - has upper and lower plates joined by rectangular strut with dovetailed ends
CH643025A5 (en) * 1980-07-18 1984-05-15 Nello Scapozza Building structure
DE3229262C2 (en) * 1982-08-05 1985-12-05 Josef 8091 Soyen Griesbeck Panel-shaped building element made of wood

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EP0175196A2 (en) 1986-03-26
DE3577896D1 (en) 1990-06-28
EP0175196A3 (en) 1987-05-13
CH661307A5 (en) 1987-07-15

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