EP0172985B1 - Lampe électroluminescente - Google Patents

Lampe électroluminescente Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0172985B1
EP0172985B1 EP85103636A EP85103636A EP0172985B1 EP 0172985 B1 EP0172985 B1 EP 0172985B1 EP 85103636 A EP85103636 A EP 85103636A EP 85103636 A EP85103636 A EP 85103636A EP 0172985 B1 EP0172985 B1 EP 0172985B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
coating
substrate
electroluminescent
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85103636A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0172985A2 (fr
EP0172985A3 (en
Inventor
Richard W. Mental
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ball Engineering Corp
Original Assignee
Ball Engineering Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US06/644,273 external-priority patent/US4617195A/en
Application filed by Ball Engineering Corp filed Critical Ball Engineering Corp
Priority to AT85103636T priority Critical patent/ATE49098T1/de
Publication of EP0172985A2 publication Critical patent/EP0172985A2/fr
Publication of EP0172985A3 publication Critical patent/EP0172985A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0172985B1 publication Critical patent/EP0172985B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/26—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electroluminescent device comprising a substrate, a first .electrode fixed to the substrate, an electrqlumi- nescent coating covering the first electrode, a second electrode covering substantially the whole of the electroluminescent coating, a first conductor contacting the first electrode, a second conductor contacting the second electrode, and a water vapor impervious coating extending over the first and second conductors with the possible exception of a terminal end portion thereof.
  • the invention also relates to a method of fabricating such an electroluminescent device in accordance with the preamble of claim 8.
  • a typical device comprises a finely divided phosphor dispersed in a binder and distributed in a thin layer between two plate or sheet electrodes, at least one of the electrodes being substantially transparent.
  • the application of an electrical signal to the two electrodes causes the phosphor material to emit light, part of which is directed outwardly through the substantially transparent electrode.
  • the entire device is typically covered by an insulating coating which acts as a barrier to prevent later ingress of moisture or other elements which, if not excluded, contribute to failure of the device.
  • the insulative layer also permits the device once formed to experience greater physical manipulation without failure.
  • Electroluminescent devices of the initially named kind, and a method of manufacturing such devices in accordance with the preamble of claim 8 are known from US-A-3,110,837 and US-A-3,205,393.
  • the principal object underlying the present invention is thus to provide a simplified device and a simplified method of manufacturing the same which can be economically manufactured to accurate tolerances with a minimum number of working steps.
  • the present invention provides an electroluminescent device of the initially named kind which is characterised in that the electroluminescent coating has a first edge spaced inwardly from an edge of the first electrode to form an exposed strip portion on the first electrode; in that the electroluminescent coating has a second edge extending across a second edge of the first electrode directly onto the substrate; in that the first conductor extends along the exposed strip portion on the first electrode and onto a selected portion of the substrate to form a first bus; in that the second conductor is unitary with the second electrode and extends across said second edge of said electroluminescent coating onto a second selected portion of the substrate to form a second bus adjacent to, but electrically isolated from, the first bus.
  • the present invention provides a development of the initially named method which is characterised by the characterising features of claim 8.
  • the first and second conductors are formed simultaneously with the second electrode and using one and the same method which results in a substantial simplification of the manufacturing process, and thus a saving in cost, and enables very accurate tolerances to be maintained.
  • the method used to form devices in accordance with the present teaching utilises a substrate which can be formed to include a body portion and a lead portion.
  • the first electrode is deposited on the body portion of the substrate in a preselected pattern.
  • the luminescent coating then covers a first portion of the first electrode with this first portion comprising only those areas which are intended to be excited by an applied electrical signal so as to emit light.
  • a second portion, usually a peripheral portion, of the first conductor is left uncovered by the luminescent coating.
  • the pair of first and second conductors are then deposited simultaneously adjacent to each other together with the second electrode overlying the luminescent coating. Both of the first and second conductors then extend from the body portion linearly along the lead portion of the substrate to form a two conductor lead of preselected length which terminates at the distal end of the lead portion of the substrate.
  • Electroluminescent devices are typically powered by a supply having an output signal in the audiofrequency range, preferably about 800 Hz. When such devices are used in closed proximity with audioamplifiers, or other circuits which may be responsive to a signal of such a frequency, some shielding must be employed. to prevent interference. While the shielding can be incorporated in separate physical structure it is an object of the present invention to provide shielding which permits a lower total cost of construction and quicker assembly while also ensuring reliability of performance. In order to satisfy this further object a specially preferred electroluminescent device is characterised in that a conductive shielding layer is substantially coextensive with the water vapor impervious coating, the shielding layer including a terminal portion for connection to ground.
  • This shielding layer ensures an effective shielding of the electrical signal applied to the device thereby preventing interference with desirable signals being processed by adjacent circuitry.
  • a further advantage of the device and method proposed herein is that a number of devices can be simultaneously formed on a large single sheet of substrate which is thereafter die cut to form the individual luminescent devices.
  • the pin elements or other contact devices can be attached using conventional contact stapling techniques with high reliability of both dimensional tolerances and electrical continuity.
  • FIG. 1 An electroluminescent device 10 in accordance with the present teaching is illustrated in the various stages of its construction in Figs. 1 through 5 and in final form in Fig. 8. While each of the Figs. 1-6 illustrate only a single device 10, it will be appreciated that a plurality of similar devices 10 can be formed simultaneously on a single substrate 12, the devices being separated from each other at a later stage in the manufacture.
  • the device 10 comprises a substrate 12 onto which is deposited a first electrode 14 which can be deposited in a plurality of discrete areas.
  • a luminescent coating 16 covers a first substantial portion 18 of the first electrode 14 while leaving a second generally peripheral portion 20 of the first electrode 14 uncovered.
  • the luminescent coating is similarly positionable on a plurality of discrete areas. One portion 19 of the luminescent coating 16 extends beyond an edge 13 of the first electrode 14.
  • a pair of first and second conductors 24 and 22 are deposited adjacent to each other.
  • the second conductor 22. is deposited so as to contact portion 19 and substantially cover the luminescent coating 16 to form a second electrode 26 parallel to the first electrode formed by first conductor 14.
  • the second conductor 22 can form bridges 23 between various second electrodes 26.
  • the first conductor 24 is deposited so as to contact only the substrate 12 and the first electrode 14 in the second or peripheral portion 20. The first conductor 24 thus forms an electrical lead or bus 25 for the first electrode 14.
  • An insulative layer 32 is deposited or positioned over the first and second conductors 24 and 22 so as to cover substantially all of the device 10.
  • a shielding layer 38 is then deposited over substantially the entirety of the insulative layer 32 except for a free edge 40 adjacent the terminal end of the first conductor 24. As shown in Fig. 5, the shielding layer 38 extends over the terminal end of the second conductor 22 which forms the second electrode 26. In an alternative embodiment shown in Fig. 6, the shielding layer is extended to form a third terminal 44 adjacent to but insulated from the first and second conductors 24 and 22 by free edge 40 of insulative layer 32.
  • a protective coating 42 can be applied over the shielding layer 38 as shown in Fig. 8 to protect it from abrasion and corrosion which might degrade its electrical performance.
  • the substrate 12 is shown to comprise a body portion 28 and a lead portion 30. While lead portion 30 is shown to extend outside the general periphery of the body portion 28, devices can be formed having lead portions within the periphery of the body portion 28.
  • the substrate is preferably formed of a flexible transparent sheet material composed of a polymeric resin which is sufficiently form stable to prevent any mechanical stretching which might destroy the continuity of the various coated layers placed on that substrate.
  • An example of a satisfactory material is a polyester such as biaxially oriented polyethelene terephthalate (PET).
  • PET biaxially oriented polyethelene terephthalate
  • the body portion 28 and lead portion 30 are unitary and in general are cut from a single sheet of about 0.125 to 0.175 mm (0.005 to 0.007 inch) thickness subsequent to the deposition of the various layers disclosed herein.
  • the first electrode 14 comprises generally a substantially transparent metal oxide film which is spaced inwardly from the edge of substrate 12.
  • Suitable metal oxide films can be formed of tin oxide, indium oxide, or nickel oxide with indium tin oxide being preferred.
  • Metal oxide films having an optical transmittance of 60% or greater can be achieved while maintaining electrical continuity throughout the layer, the layer having a sheet resistance of less than about 2000 ohms per square.
  • the metal oxide film is preferably formed by silk screening a solvent solution of a polyester resin containing the metal oxide on the substrate 12.
  • the metal oxide film may be formed in accordance with the general practices of U.S. Pat. 3,295,002.
  • the luminescent coating 16 is shown to cover substantially the whole of the first electrode 14 leaving only an edge portion 20 of the first electrode 14 exposed.
  • the luminescent coating 16 generally comprises a light emitting layer 15 and an insulative, light reflecting layer 17 as shown in Fig. 7.
  • the light emitting layer 15 generally comprises a mixture of a phosphor and a binder.
  • the phosphor may be an inorganic compound such as zinc sulfide or zinc oxide combined with suitable activators such as copper, manganese, lead or silver.
  • the phosphor may be an organic luminescent agent such as anthracene, napthalene, butadiene, acridine or other similar material.
  • the phosphor is mixed with a suitable binder which is selected to be compatible with the phosphor.
  • suitable binders are polyvinyl chlorides, cellulose acetate, eposy cements, and other similar materials. Particularly useful binders include cyanoethyl cellulose and ethyl
  • the light reflective layer 17 is generally a mixture of a light reflective opacifier in a matrix which is itself a dielectric.
  • the layer preferably has a dielectric constant of about 10 or greater, and a breakdown strength of at least 800 volts/ mil.
  • the reflective opacifier is generally a metal oxide powder such as titanium oxide, lead oxide or barium titanate in a resin matrix of acrylic, epoxy, or other suitable resin. The relative positioning of layers 15 and 17 is such that light is emitted from the device 10 through the substrate 12.
  • the pair of first and second conductors 24 and 22 are deposited, preferably simultaneously, so as to be positioned side by side on the lead portion 30 of the substrate 12.
  • the second conductor 22 unitarily extends on top of the luminescent coating 16 so as to form the second electrode 26.
  • the first conductor 24 extends merely over the second portion 20 of the first electrode 14 which was left uncovered by the luminescent coating 16.
  • the first conductor 24 is spaced from the luminescent coating by a distance sufficient to insure electrical isolation of the first electrode 14 and first conductor 24 from the second electrode 26.
  • the first and second conductors 24 and 22 including the second electrode portion 26 of second conductor 22 are formed of a particulate metal in colloidal form which is deposited in combination with an evaporable medium leaving behind a conductive film of particulate metal.
  • a suitable material is a silver conductive coating material commercially available from Atcheson Colloids Company, Port Huron, Michigan, under part name Electrodag 426SS (Electrodag is a registered trademark).
  • Electrodag 426SS Electrodag is a registered trademark
  • Other types of fluid silver conductive materials are commercially available which may perform satisfactorily.
  • the insulative coating 32 is applied over the top of the various layers previously described to cover the entirety of the device as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the insulative coating 32 preferably has a low dielectric constant of less than about 4 which acts to minimise the capacitive coupling from the circuit formed by the various layers 14,16, 22, and 24 to the shielding layer 38.
  • a particularly advantageous material is a biaxially oriented PET film coated on one side with about 0.025 mm (0.001 inch) of a crosslinking acrylic adhesive such as 3-M No. 467 (3-M is a registered trademark).
  • a shielding layer 38 is applied on top of and substantially coextensive with the insulative coating 32 as shown in Figs. 5-8.
  • the shielding layer 38 extends over the terminal portion of conductor 22.
  • the shielding layer 38 includes a separate terminal 44 which can be attached to an appropriate ground to effect the desired shielding.
  • the shielding layer can comprise a metal foil or metalosed plastic film which can be cut to shape and directly applied, or a particulate metal in colloidal form which is deposited in a manner similar to first and second conductors 24 and 22.
  • a suitable metalised plastic film is available in conjunction with easily handled release sheets from Flexcon, Inc. of Spencer, Mass. under part MM-100.
  • a suitable particulate metal colloid is that indicated previously for conductors 22 and 24.
  • a protective overcoat 42 can be applied over the shielding layer 38.
  • the overcoat 42 is preferably abrasion resistant and moisture proof. While curable silicone materials generally may be satisfactory to form this layer, a particularly advantageous material is the polyester resins dissolved in a suitable carrier to be applied by overprinting.
  • the overcoat layer 42 can also be formed using the adhesively coated PET film disclosed for insulative layer 32.
  • the PET or other similarly suitable polymeric film can include a second adhesive layer 46 and a removable release sheet 48 as shown in Fig. 7.
  • the release sheet 48 is adapted to be removed to expose the adhesive layer 46 so as permit mounting of the finished product on other apparatus with which the device is intended to be used.
  • the completed assembly is easily die cut to the final desired configuration with a multiplicity of devices 10 being cut from a single substrate 12 and pin connectors 36 applied.
  • the pin connector acts to electrically connect the shielding layer 38 to the conductor 22 which is then connected to a suitable ground.
  • a suitable connector is AMP 88997-2 (AMP is a registered trademark).
  • the metal connectors 36 can be attached to the terminal portions of conductors 22 and 24 by stapling or other appropriate means.
  • the spacing between the connector pins or elements 36 are set by the attaching equipment and by the spacing between the first and second conductors 24 and 22 as well as on terminal 44 where present as a separate terminal element.

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  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Dispositif électroluminescent, comprenant un substrat (12), une première électrode (14) fixée au substrat (12), un revêtement électroluminescent (16) recouvrant la première électrode (14), une seconde électrode (26) recouvrant la quasi-totalité du revêtement électroluminescent (16), un premier conducteur (24) en contact avec la première électrode (14), un second conducteur (22) en contact avec la seconde électrode (26), et un revêtement (42) imperméable à la vapeur d'eau, recouvrant les premier et second conducteurs (24, 22) à l'exception possible d'une portion d'extrémité terminale de ces conducteurs, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement électroluminescent (16) présente un premier bord espacé vers l'intérieur d'un bord de la première électrode (14) pour former une bande découverte (20) sur la première électrode (14); en ce que le revêtement électroluminescent (16) comprend un second bord s'étendant en travers du second bord de la première électrode (14) directement sur le substrat (12), en ce que le premier conducteur (24) s'étend le long de la bande découverte (20) sur la première électrode (14) et jusque sur une portion choisie du substrat (12) pour former une première barre omnibus; en ce que le second conducteur (22) fait bloc avec la seconde électrode et s'étend au travers du second bord dudit revêtement électroluminescent (16) jusque sur une seconde portion choisie du substrat (12) pour former une seconde barre omnibus qui est adjacente à la première mais qui en est isolée électriquement.
2. Dispositif électroluminescent suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le substrat (12) comprend un corps (28) et une portion conductrice (30), la première électrode (14) et le revêtement électroluminescent (16) étant limités à la portion (28) constituant le corps, et les premier et second conducteurs (24, 22) s'étendant depuis la portion corps (28) le long de la portion conductrice (30) du substrat (12) parallèlement l'une à l'autre jusqu'à l'extrémité terminale distante de la portion corps (28).
3. Dispositif électroluminescent suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une paire de broches est fixée à l'extrémité terminale des premier et second conducteurs (22, 24).
4. Dispositif électroluminescent suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une couche de protection (38) conductrice a pratiquement la même étendue que le revêtement (42) imperméable à la vapeur d'eau, ladite couche protectrice (38) comprenant une portion terminale (44) pouvant être reliée à la terre.
5. Dispositif électroluminescent suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la portion terminale (44) de ladite couche protectrice (38) recouvre la portion terminale de l'un (21) de premier et second conducteurs (24, 22) et y est connectée électriquement.
6. Dispositif électroluminescent suivant la revendication 4 ou la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un revêtement isolant (32) est prévu entre la couche protectrice et les premier et second conducteurs (24, 22) et présente une faible constante diélectrique inférieure à environ quatre.
7. Dispositif électroluminescent suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par une couche adhésive (46) appliquée sur une face extérieure du dispositif et par une feuille anti-adhésive (48) amovible située sur la couche adhésive (46) et pouvant être enlevée ultérieurement pour permettre le montage du dispositif.
8. Procédé pour former un dispositif électroluminescent, qui comprend les étapes consistant à déposer une première électrode (14) sur un substrat (12), à recouvrir la première électrode (14) d'un revêtement électroluminescent (16), à recouvrir la quasi-totalité du revêtement électroluminescent (16) d'une seconde électrode (26), à mettre en place un premier conducteur (24) en contact avec la première électrode (14) et un second conducteur (22) en contact avec la seconde électrode (26), et à appliquer un revêtement (42) imperméable à la vapeur d'eau, recouvrant lesdits premier et second conducteurs (24, 22) à l'exception possible d'une portion d'extrémité terminale de ces conducteurs; caractérisé en ce que la position occupée par le revêtement électroluminescent (16) est limitée de manière à laisser découverte une bande (20) sur le premier bord de la première électrode (14) par extension d'une portion du revêtement électroluminescent (16) au travers d'un second bord de la première électrode jusque sur le substrat (12), en ce que les premier et second conducteurs (24, 22) et la seconde électrode (26) sont ensuite déposés simultanément en une étape unique, le premier conducteur (24) s'étendant le long de la bande découverte (20) sur la première électrode (14) et jusque sur une portion choisie du substrat (12) pour former une première barre omnibus, et le second conducteur (22) et la seconde électrode (26) formant bloc s'étendant au travers du second bord dudit revêtement électroluminescent jusque sur une seconde portion choisie du substrat (12) pour former une seconde barre omnibus qui est adjacente à la première mais qui en est isolée électriquement.
9. Procédé suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé par l'étape qui consiste à attacher une broche (36) à chacune des portions d'extrémités terminales desdits premier et second conducteurs (24, 22).
10. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 8 et 9, caractérisé par l'étape consistant à déposer une couche de protection (38) conductrice pratiquement de même étendue que le revêtement (42) imperméable à la vapeur d'eau, ladite couche de protection (38) comprenant une borne (44) conçue pour être reliée à une masse convenable.
11. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé par l'étape consistant à appliquer une couche adhésive (46) à une surface extérieure du dispositif et à disposer une feuille anti-adhésive (48) amovible par-dessus la couche adhésive (46), qui peut être enlevée ultérieurement afin de permettre le montage du dispositif.
EP85103636A 1984-08-27 1985-03-27 Lampe électroluminescente Expired EP0172985B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85103636T ATE49098T1 (de) 1984-08-27 1985-03-27 Elektrolumineszenzlampe.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/644,273 US4617195A (en) 1984-03-26 1984-08-27 Shielded electroluminescent lamp
US644273 1984-08-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0172985A2 EP0172985A2 (fr) 1986-03-05
EP0172985A3 EP0172985A3 (en) 1986-10-01
EP0172985B1 true EP0172985B1 (fr) 1989-12-27

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Family Applications (1)

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EP85103636A Expired EP0172985B1 (fr) 1984-08-27 1985-03-27 Lampe électroluminescente

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EP (1) EP0172985B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE49098T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3575066D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4853079A (en) * 1984-12-03 1989-08-01 Lumel, Inc. Method for making electroluminescent panels
US4767966A (en) * 1984-12-03 1988-08-30 Luminescent Electronics, Inc. Electroluminescent panels
US4864473A (en) * 1988-03-21 1989-09-05 Asc Incorporated Electroluminescent dome light for a convertible automobile
JPH04215292A (ja) * 1990-09-01 1992-08-06 Fuji Electric Co Ltd エレクトロルミネッセンス表示パネルおよびその製造方法
DE10238054B4 (de) * 2002-08-20 2007-08-09 Fer Fahrzeugelektrik Gmbh Elektrolumineszenz-Schild, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeug-Kennzeichenschild

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3110837A (en) * 1961-04-04 1963-11-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electroluminescent device and method
US3205393A (en) * 1953-12-09 1965-09-07 Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd Electroluminescent lamp with a dielectric reflective material

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1934946A1 (de) * 1968-07-25 1970-01-29 Galileo Spa Off Leuchtstofflampe

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3205393A (en) * 1953-12-09 1965-09-07 Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd Electroluminescent lamp with a dielectric reflective material
US3110837A (en) * 1961-04-04 1963-11-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electroluminescent device and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3575066D1 (de) 1990-02-01
EP0172985A2 (fr) 1986-03-05
EP0172985A3 (en) 1986-10-01
ATE49098T1 (de) 1990-01-15

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