EP0171409A1

EP0171409A1 - Combinatory element game for covering surfaces with various aspects, particularly to be used as a game or a surface covering.

Info

Publication number: EP0171409A1
Application number: EP85900727A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Valeria Hidvegi
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: PIKY SA
Priority date: 1984-01-31
Filing date: 1985-01-28
Publication date: 1986-02-19
Also published as: US4717342A; DK443785D0; JPH075687U; HUT37065A; DK157603C; WO1985003453A1; DE3561283D1; HU191122B; DK443785A; AU3933185A; DK157603B; EP0171409B1; JPS61501071A

Abstract

Le jeu d'éléments illustrés se compose d'éléments individuels carrés de préférence de même grandeur, pouvant être distribués selon des types d'aspect différent, le nombre des éléments individuels étant essentiellement plus important que celui des types. Les types se différencient par des motifs géométriques différents formés sur les surfaces des éléments et par la disposition des motifs sur les divers éléments individuels carrés. La forme de chaque motif et sa position sur la surface carrée sont déterminées par rapport à une mesure de base correspondant à la moitié du côté de l'élément individuel carré. Les types peuvent être distribués, en raison de la forme des lignes de séparation intérieures du motif situées à l'intérieur de la surface carrée, en groupes de types rectilignes et circulaires, deux points d'angle de chaque motif du groupe de types rectilignes tombant sur les deux points extrêmes d'un côté de l'élément individuel carré et un autre point d'angle ou deux autres points d'angle tombant sur la médiane d'un ou des deux côtés du carré proches du côté mentionné. Le rayon ou le diamètre de la circonférence de chaque motif du groupe de types circulaires est divisible par la mesure de base de manière à obtenir un nombre entier et le centre de courbure de la circonférence se trouve soit dans un coin, soit au milieu d'un côté, soit au centre de gravité de l'élément individuel carré.The set of elements illustrated consists of individual square elements preferably of the same size, which can be distributed according to types of different appearance, the number of individual elements being essentially greater than that of the types. The types are differentiated by different geometric patterns formed on the surfaces of the elements and by the arrangement of the patterns on the various individual square elements. The shape of each pattern and its position on the square surface are determined with respect to a base measurement corresponding to half the side of the individual square element. The types can be distributed, due to the shape of the inner dividing lines of the pattern located inside the square surface, into rectilinear and circular type groups, two corner points of each pattern of the rectilinear type group falling on the two extreme points of one side of the individual square element and another corner point or two other corner points falling on the median of one or both sides of the square close to the mentioned side. The radius or diameter of the circumference of each pattern in the circular type group is divisible by the base measurement so as to obtain an integer and the center of curvature of the circumference is either in a corner or in the middle of one side, or at the center of gravity of the individual square element.

Description

COMBINATIVE SET OF ELEMENTS FOR LAYING OUT SURFACES WITH VARIABLE APPEARANCE, IN PARTICULAR TO APPLY AS A TOY OR AS A SURFACE.

The invention relates to a combinative set of elements for laying out surfaces with a verieable appearance, in particular for use els toys or as surface covering, the elements of which have square surfaces and the individual element surfaces can be divided into types of different appearances, the number of individual elements being considerably greater than the number the guy is.

Many types of so-called laying games are already known. Out of these are the "puzzle games". most known. The task here is that an image should be reconstructed by appropriately interpreting irregular elements that contain certain details of the image. The common characteristics of the puzzle games are that the elements can only be put together in a single combination, that the assembled image fills the entire surface and neither the shape nor the patterns of the individual elements are pale. A traditional way of reading an image or

The mosaic is patterned surfaces made of elements. When using the Mosalk on an artistic level, the individual colored stones (elements) are carefully sorted according to their colors and broken into the shapes determined by the picture. Mosaic games are known which mimic the real mosaic and consist of single-colored element types, which mostly have an ahomboid shape. Various forms can be designed from these games. The shapes of the individual elements are measured here giving with regard to the shape of the forms that can be designed with it. Because of the straight lines of contours, the mosaic games do not allow arched shapes to be laid out, even though the childish (human) eggetic feeling finds the arched shapes beautiful.

Laying games are also known, the elements of which have different shapes, e.g. the various building games made of wood, with which a large number of flat or spatial shapes can be designed. Games of this type are only exceptionally suitable for completely filling a surface, and the different sizes and shapes of the components make it difficult to store them in a box and to systematically select them when used. Such components are comparably large and are generally not suitable for the creation of finely structured shapes.

Laying games are also known, the elements of which each draw a pixel of an image in a grid-like manner. These games allow a large number of combinations to be designed. Such games are e.g. B. the game sets, the elements of which represent small rings or rectangles that must be placed on the faster positions of a game sheet. With these games, beautiful figures can only be laid out with the use of a large number of elements, which requires a great deal of time and effort. This work tires the children and does not offer him an immediate experience of success. Proper storage of the small items is associated with extra problems. As a general disadvantage of the non-puzzle-like layout games, it can be mentioned that the design of arc-shaped contour lines of the figures is not supported by the element shape. In the case of elements with a rectilinear shape, the corresponding stair-like contour lines are disruptive, and in the case The linear figure contours of the ring-shaped elements cannot be produced either.

In addition to the laying games, the letter laying games can be mentioned, in which letters or numbers are written on the surface of flat square prisms. The sentence contains several pieces from the individual letters and the game allows the composition of different words or expressions. Such games are mainly intended for children aged 5-7 years. The patterns (the letters) of the compound words do not form a uniform visual impression for the child and the coupling between the neighboring letters is only achieved through the logic of human word formation. No picture can be made from these elements.

The mentioned problem of the Auslerespiele also appears on a more general level. The aesthetic appearance of different surface coverings is largely determined or limited by the specific design of the basic elements that can be used. This also applies to the regularly repeated combinations of tiles or other covering elements, which allow the realization of at most only a small number of firurative designs, i.e. the figurative combinations that can be realized by the user are largely restricted.

The object of the invention is to create a combinative set of elements, with which the cache parts shown above can be eliminated, and with the use of a comparatively small number of element types, a practically unlimited number of different shapes of the respective desire, talent or claim of the author (player). can be made accordingly, whereby the resulting possibilities promote the recognition of the interaction and the harmonious application of the colors. The object is achieved by the invention in that a set of picture elements has been created which preferably consists of square single elements of the same size, which can be divided into types of different appearances, the number of individual elements being significantly greater than the number of types. The types differ from one another by the different geometric patterns formed on the element surfaces and by the respective arrangement of the patterns on the individual square-shaped individual element. The shape of the respective pattern and its position on the respective square area are determined in relation to a basic dimension which corresponds to half the side length of the square-shaped individual element. The types can be divided into straight and circular groups of types based on the shape of the inner boundary lines of the pattern within the square surface, with two corner points of each pattern of the straight type group falling on the two end points of one side of the square-shaped element and another corner point or two further corner points fall on the bisector of one or both of the adjacent Ousdratselt. The fadius or diameter of the circular line of each pattern of the circular type group is divisible by the basic number and the center of curvature of the circular line lies either in a corner or in the middle of a page or in the center of gravity of the square element.

The respective type groups can have types which are provided with two overlapping patterns which are separated from one another.

The picture element set can furthermore have individual elements, each of which is provided with two circular patterns, the circular lines of which have a common center of curvature, which preferably lies in a corner of the square-shaped kinzel element. In the case of the picture element set, the respective patterns can differ in terms of their colors from the respective basic surfaces of the individual elements and within the respective individual elements, in the case of the picture element set, each pattern, including the basic surface of the respective individual elements, can be monochrome, the colors used being primary colors, i.e. blue, red and contain yellow and predetermined mixed colors, the mixed colors can be determined by a maximum of two discrete mixtures of any primary color pairs.

Due to its many possible variations with a relatively small number of individual elements, the set of picture elements is suitable for creating a large number of pictures which differ from one another but are similar in character and can be used, for example, as decorative accessories for everyday objects. Of course, this set of picture elements is also suitable for use in such a way that different types of elements are created on a given surface with a given number of individual elements by exchanging, moving and twisting or the like.

An embodiment of the element set can be characterized in that the individual elements are formed by flat square prisms, in which the element material contains a hard ferromagnetic layer on the side opposite the base surface.

It is preferred if a marking indicating the respective element type is formed on at least one element side surface of the individual elements.

It is furthermore preferred if a game sheet contains a grid line network corresponding to the element size and the game sheet has a soft magnetic upper side and at least for a long time a line is foldable.

In a further embodiment, it is advantageous that it is provided with a box which contains a plurality of grooves which accommodate the individual elements along its sides and a support surface is formed between the grooves for supporting the assembled game sheet.

For the creation of spatial shapes, it is expedient if the set of elements has cube-shaped individual elements which have several such base areas, each of which can be classified according to the types mentioned.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawing: Fig. 1 shows the most important element types of the combinative element set according to the invention, Fig. 2 illustrates the geoslat cones that determine the individual patterns, Fig. 3 shows the location of the preferred colors in the

Color triangle, Figures 4 to 7 show some composite nonsense games that can be interpreted by the element set according to the invention, Fig. 8 shows an enlarged image of an element with a marking on a rare surface, Fig. 9 shows a game sheet that with a

Rastemets is provided (on a distorted scale),

FIG. 10 shows the box of the element set according to the invention in a perspective view, FIG. 11 shows an example for the discussion of two element groups with below different element size, Fig. 12 shows an example of the partial layout of an image area, Fig. 13 shows an example of a spatial structure by cubic. Elements is realized, and FIG. 14 shows a spatial shape which is formed by cube-shaped elements. FIG. 1 shows the main element types of the element set according to the invention. For the design of the set of elements, it is important that one surface (according to the drawing) of each element has a square fora, and one or more patterns is or are arranged on this surface, and the patterns are designed according to predetermined geometric rules. FIG. Figure 1a shows an element that does not contain a pattern, and the side surface of this element can be of any color belonging to the element set. The color of each surface is always homogeneous. In the figures 1b to 1f element types are shown, the patterns of which are delimited by circular-arc shaped lines. The term “pattern” is to be understood as a closed surface area shown hatched on the drawing and geometrically simply belonging together, which is expediently monochrome and the respective pattern color deviates from the color of the base surface. While each element contains only a single pattern in FIGS. 1b to 1e, the element type according to FIG. 1f two patterns arranged. The element types, each with a circular pattern, form a separate type group. FIG. 1g to in show element types which are each provided with one or more rectilinear patterns. Here, too, the color differs from that of the base area. The types with straight lines form a different type group. FIG. 2 shows the geometric relationships that determine the shapes of each pattern. The side length of the square is 2A and its half, length A, can be considered the basic length of the element set. For the circular patterns it can be stated that the arc diameter can be divided with the basic length without leaving a remainder. The size of the quotient in the case of FIG. 1b is equal to one, in the case of FIGS. 1c, 1d and 1f (inner circular arc) two and in the case of FIG. 1e and 1f (outer arc) four. The center point of the circular arc can be the center point of the square (1b), the side bisection point (1c) or a corner point (1d, 1e, 1f). The number of patterns that can be accommodated within an element is limited by the fact that the individual patterns are separated from one another and that there can be no mixture of the straight-line and krelsföralgen patterns within one element.

In the patterns of the rectilinear group it can be observed that their two peaks are always the end point of one side of the square and their one or two further peaks on the bisector of the neighboring side or

-sides are. There are a total of six pattern shapes in the rectilinear group: one is a triangle with a base time 2A and the height A, the other is a rectangle with the sides 2A and A. In FIG. 3, the expedient ones can be selected

Colors of the element side faces and the pattern of the element set are presented. In the element set, the three pure primary colors are to be used, ie blue, red and yellow, which in the color triangle are each designated old points B, B and Y. The mixed colors of any primary color pairs can be found on the straight line connecting the corresponding primary colors. As a generally usable set of elements, the same mixtures of any primary color pairs can be mentioned, ie green, purple and orange, each with the G, V and O functions are drawn. If several color levels of the respective mixtures are to be used, a maximum of two mixed colors are used, which are as far apart as possible in the straight line. For example, the blue-green (funct BG) and the yellow-green (point YG), or the blue-purple (funct BV) and the red-purple (point RV) colors can be mentioned.

The use of suitable combinations can be used to produce pleasant element types from the color selection determined from this. The size of the element set is determined by the choice of colors and the number of types used. Even in the slightest element set, at least two types of old straight-line patterns and two with circular-shaped patterns must be used, because the combination of the straight-line and circular patterns creates aesthetically pleasing shapes.

The preferred choice of colors cannot be illustrated on the accompanying drawings for printing reasons, but it will be clear to those skilled in color theory that the proposed color composition ensures the dynamic and colored impression of the shapes that can be designed.

In an element set, depending on its size, several elements of the respective types can be used, but the number of elements is not necessarily evenly distributed among the individual types. FIGS. 4 to 7 show some examples of the shapes that can be designed, and the recognition of one type is facilitated by a grid network old millimeter graduation. In the drawing, the element size is 5 x 5 mm, and four elements are arranged in each of the squares shown with a strong line. For the sake of clarity, only the inner boundary lines of the pattern or those border lines are shown that separate fields with different colors.

The shape of the stylized chicken in the lower field of Fig. 4 only needs an area that contains hardly more than 5 x 4 elements. Such a small number of elements enables a character expressively expressive representation. The space requirement of the chickens and roosters illustrated there is a field with 16 x 14 elements to be arranged, the representation being very characteristic and expressive. This field size is not yet excessively large, since the actual size of the elements expediently falls between 20 and 40 mm. As illustrated in FIG. 4, very characteristic letters, inscriptions, tables and the like can be made from the elements. The whole field represents a stylized fairy tale coaposition.

The varied possibilities of variation and the number of shapes of the element set according to the invention are supported by FIG. 5, in which detailed small, medium-sized and large animal figures are shown, all of whom have a stylized Hungarian folk tale shape, and the standing shape of the man concentrates the attention to the center of the composition.

The animals in FIG. 6 already relate to another fairy tale world, similar to the old details, and with an inherent expressiveness.

Fig. 7 shows an example of the world of the circus with simple motifs, flowers and the clown playing a juggler. Based on the examples, it can easily be seen that very diverse shapes and patterns can be designed from the square elements shown in FIG. 1, even with a smaller number of types. In contrast to the puzzle games, the imagination is limited by nothing and the child can play what they do Development of its world of colors made easy.

The elements of the element set according to the invention can also be manufactured as a flat square prism, as is shown in FIG. 8. In this case, the elements can be kept in a smaller room. On the lower side opposite the upper sample surface, it is expedient to mix a hard ferromagnetic magnetic powder into the element material and to magnetize the lower ferromagnetic layer. If a similar but soft magnetic layer is produced on the upper part of the game sheet shown in FIG. 9, the elements can be stably placed on the game sheet. It is advisable on the game sheet to form grid nets corresponding to the element size and to make the sheet foldable. In the open state, the game sheet can be stiffened by tightening a U-shaped piece shown in FIG. 9.

On the side surface d it in Flg. The element shown in FIG. 8 shows the pattern characterizing the element. This marking can facilitate the selection of elements from the set of elements stored in a box. 10 shows a preferred form of the box, in which the elements are inserted through their edges into the corresponding grooves of the box. The surface between the grooves provides support for the folded game sheet on the one hand and on the other hand the marking of the corresponding pattern enables the correct insertion. A recess is arranged above the box surface, which forms a space for storing the game sheet. The box can be covered with an insertable cover sheet.

In the previous examples, the side length of all elements was the same. However, the element set can be arranged in such a way that the elements ait ver in groups different page lengths are separable. For example, Fig. 11 shows a trolley which is made up of elements with whole and half side lengths. The use of elements with smaller side lengths helps to better display the details. In the transition between the elements, it is important that the aspect ratio is 1: 2.

FIG. 12 shows an example in which the elements do not completely fill the available surface and a queue is therefore designed. The fora shown is already approaching the abstract representation.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the elements not only have a single square surface, but the cube-shaped design enables the use of six surfaces, FIG. 13 shows a full spatial shape, on the surface of which a wavy, spatial A pattern is formed that breaks the monotony of the otherwise ornament-free cuboid, Fig. 14 shows a free coaposition, in the

When using the cubes, it is advisable to design a certain number of cube surfaces in one color, so that the spatial shape can be balanced. Based on the examples mentioned, it can be seen that the number of the by the inventive

Element set interpretable combinations is practically unlimited and in the selected patterns between the adjacent elements a subjectively as actively active coupling occurs. Such a coupling is completely unknown in the known letter or number laying games, and in contrast the number of element types used is surprisingly small. This property enables the use of the element set according to the invention in the form of various claddings, for example as tile or tile cladding, as decoration elements or glass plates.

The shape of the patterns shows that the differently designed figures have clearly distinctive stylistic features that are accepted as pleasant by both children and adults.

Claims

1.Combined set of elements for laying out surfaces of old, variable appearance, in particular for use as a toy or as surface covering, the elements of which have square surfaces and the individual element surfaces can be divided into types of different appearances, the number of individual elements being significantly greater than the number The types are characterized in that the types differ from one another by different geometric patterns formed on the element surfaces and by the display and / or the respective arrangement of the patterns on the individual square-shaped element, the types on the basis of the shape of the inner ones lying within the square surface Boundary lines of the pattern can be divided into straight and circular type groups, with two corner points of each pattern of the straight type group falling on the two end points of one side of the square-shaped individual element another corner point or two further corner points fall on the bisector of one or both sides of the square adjacent to the mentioned side, and the diameter of the circular line of each pattern of the circular type group is divisible by half of the rare length and the center of curvature of the circular line either in a corner or in one side string or in the center of gravity of the quadrant-like individual element.

2. The combinative element set according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective type groups can have types which are provided with a plurality of patterns which are separated from one another without overlap.

3, The combinative set of elements according to claim 2, characterized in that the respective type groups have types in which the one another separate patterns are uniform.

4. The combinative element set according to claim 2, characterized in that individual elements which are each provided with two circular patterns, the circular lines of which have a common center of curvature which lies in a corner of the square-shaped individual element.

5. The combinative set of elements according to one of claims 1 to 4, thereby ensuring that the respective patterns differ from the respective basic surfaces of the individual elements and within the respective individual elements with regard to their colors,

6, The combinative element set according to claim 5, characterized in that each pattern and the base surface of the respective individual elements are monochrome, the colors used being primary colors, i.e. contain blue, red and yellow and predetermined mixed colors of any primary color pairs and the number of colors usable on a single element surface is at most three.

7. The combinative element set according to claim 6, characterized in that it has individual elements that are austereless and single-color and that differ from one another in their colors.

8, The combinative element set according to one of the

Claims 1 to 7, thereby e e c e n c e i c h n e t, that contains individual elements old different sizes, which can be divided into such element groups in which the rare lengths of the square-shaped base areas behave like 1 to 2,

9. The combinative element set according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the individual elements are formed by flat square prisms, in which the element material on the side opposite the base surface has a hard ferro contains magnetic layer.

10. The combinative set of elements according to claim 9, characterized in that a marking which refers to the respective element type is formed on at least one element side surface of the individual elements.

11. The combinative set of elements according to claims 9 or 10, thereby comprising a game sheet which is old provided with a grid line network corresponding to the element size, and the game sheet has a soft magnetic upper side and is at least one line foldable,

12. The combinative set of elements according to claim 11, characterized g e k e n n z e i c h n e t daft with a

Box is provided, which contains several, the individual elements along their sides receiving grooves and between the grooves for supporting the folded game sheet, a support surface is formed, 13, The combinative element set according to one of the

Claims 1 to 8, thereby e e c e n c e i c h n e t, daft has cube-shaped individual elements that have several such basic principles, which can each be classified into the types mentioned.