EP0168568A2 - Isolating switch, in particular a pantograph isolating switch - Google Patents

Isolating switch, in particular a pantograph isolating switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0168568A2
EP0168568A2 EP85105397A EP85105397A EP0168568A2 EP 0168568 A2 EP0168568 A2 EP 0168568A2 EP 85105397 A EP85105397 A EP 85105397A EP 85105397 A EP85105397 A EP 85105397A EP 0168568 A2 EP0168568 A2 EP 0168568A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact piece
isolating
auxiliary
contact system
piece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85105397A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0168568A3 (en
EP0168568B1 (en
Inventor
Alfred Dr.-Ing. Hartig
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Ruhrtal Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH and Co
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Ruhrtal Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH and Co
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Priority to AT85105397T priority Critical patent/ATE37118T1/en
Publication of EP0168568A2 publication Critical patent/EP0168568A2/en
Publication of EP0168568A3 publication Critical patent/EP0168568A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0168568B1 publication Critical patent/EP0168568B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/14—Adaptation for built-in safety spark gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/34—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact adapted to engage an overhead transmission line, e.g. for branching
    • H01H31/36—Contact moved by pantograph

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an isolating switch, in particular a single-column scissor-type isolating switch, with a main contact system and an auxiliary contact system, the main contact system consisting of at least one main contact piece provided on isolating scissors or the like and at least one mating contact piece provided on a busbar or the like the auxiliary contact system has at least one auxiliary contact piece assigned to the counter contact piece, preferably running parallel to the counter contact piece, insulated from the counter contact piece and interacting with the main contact piece, and an isolating contact system with two isolating contact pieces arranged electrically between the counter contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece, the first isolating contact piece further comprising the counter contact piece and the second isolating contact piece is insulated from the mating contact piece and is assigned to the auxiliary contact piece, furthermore initially after opening the main contact system the isolating contact system and only then opens the auxiliary contact system, and finally a potential equalization resistor is effective between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary
  • Disconnectors are designed based on their principle and in accordance with the regulations applicable to their use for almost de-energized switching; Visible isolating paths are to be implemented with isolating switches. Disconnectors are disconnected by assigned circuit breakers. Disconnectors are also used when, for example, different busbars have to be switched among themselves. In principle, such switching operations are de-energized, but so-called commutation currents flow at relatively low voltages. In addition, the occurrence of displacement currents cannot be avoided in many cases when switching is basically de-energized. As a result, system-related and unavoidable switch-on and switch-off arcs sometimes occur even with disconnectors that generally switch off.
  • disconnectors In the closed state, disconnectors must be able to carry very high currents, especially those that are short-term in the event of a short circuit, namely, up to the isolation by the assigned circuit breaker, occurring currents.
  • the main contact system of disconnectors consisting of at least one main contact piece and at least one counter contact piece must therefore always be in perfect condition.
  • the disconnector from which the invention is based has an auxiliary contact system in addition to the main contact system (cf. DE-PS 32 10 155, DE-OS 32 35 353 and the literature reference " Siemens Energytechnik "6/83, 5th year, November / December 1983, pages 350 to 353, especially page 353).
  • the isolating switch from which the teaching of the invention is based that the actual isolating distance of the auxiliary contact system, that is to say the area in which the on and off arcs are to occur, is realized in a special isolating contact system, the isolating contact system being the main contact piece or, as stated at the beginning, can be assigned to the mating contact piece.
  • the invention therefore also relates to an isolating switch in which the isolating contact system is assigned to the main contact piece, even if an isolating switch is described at the beginning in which the isolating contact system is assigned to the counter-contact piece.
  • the equipotential bonding resistor prevents the auxiliary contact piece from "hanging" in the air when the disconnector is open. If, in a first approximation, the auxiliary contact piece is functionally insulated from the counter contact piece, the auxiliary contact piece immediately assumes the potential of the counter contact piece via the equipotential bonding resistor when the disconnector is open.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing and developing the isolating switch described above so that even if considerable potential differences occur between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece and thus at the equipotential bonding resistor when switching on, the equipotential bonding resistor is not destroyed.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention in which the previously derived and described object is achieved, is initially and essentially characterized in that a spark gap which limits its voltage stress is connected in parallel to the equipotential bonding resistor. This ensures that if there is a correspondingly high potential difference between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece and thus at the equipotential bonding resistor, there is a deliberate arcing over the spark gap, so that the equipotential bonding resistor is not overstressed in terms of voltage.
  • the spark gap in such a way that it has a small flashover delay. Since a spark gap has a larger flashover delay, the less the field strength that is set in it is constant - a peak-to-peak spark gap has a relatively large flashover delay - the goal of a small flashover delay can be achieved by designing the spark gap that there is a largely constant field strength in it.
  • the spark gap is created by two flashovers that cross the connection ends of the equipotential bonding resistor electrodes is formed. If the equipotential bonding resistor is cylindrical, it is advisable to make the flashover electrodes pot-shaped or bell-shaped. This "resistance encapsulation" means that the equipotential bonding resistor is provided with a shield, particularly in the area of its particularly endangered connection ends.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration and a detail of an isolating switch 1 with an isolating scissor 2, which is only half indicated for reasons of simplification.
  • a main contact system 3 and an auxiliary contact system 4 can be seen 6 provided mating contact piece 7.
  • the auxiliary contact system 4 has auxiliary contact pieces 8 assigned to the mating contact piece 7, running parallel to the mating contact piece 7, insulated from the mating contact piece 7 and interacting with the main contact pieces 5 and an isolating contact system 9, which is arranged electrically between the mating contact piece 7 and the auxiliary contact pieces 8, with two isolating contact pieces 10, 11.
  • the first isolating contact piece 10 is assigned to the mating contact piece 7, which is otherwise attached to the busbar 6 via support rings 12, while the second isolating contact piece 11 is insulated from the mating contact piece 7 and is assigned to the auxiliary contact pieces 8. Otherwise, the isolating contact pieces 10, 11 are each provided with a contact head 13 made of erosion-resistant material.
  • the isolating contact pieces 10, 11 are spring-loaded in the opening direction, for which purpose corresponding spring elements 14 are provided.
  • auxiliary contact pieces 8 and the isolating contact pieces 10, 11 are fastened to the mating contact piece 7 by means of two supports 15 made of electrically insulating material.
  • the auxiliary contact pieces 8 are articulated to the carrier 15 via pivot levers 16.
  • the pivot levers 16, like the isolating contact pieces 10, 11, are spring-loaded, namely provided with spring elements 17.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 clearly show that the complete auxiliary contact system 4 can be removed from the mating contact piece 7 or placed on the mating contact piece 7.
  • the carriers 15 each consist of two half shells 19 connected to one another by screws 18.
  • a potential equalization resistor 20 is provided between the mating contact piece 7 and the auxiliary contact pieces 8.
  • the equipotential bonding resistor 20 is connected in parallel with a spark gap 21 that limits its voltage stress.
  • the spark gap 21 has a relatively small rollover delay.
  • the spark gap 21 is designed so that a largely constant field strength is established in it.
  • the spark gap 21 is formed by two flashover electrodes 24, 25 spanning the connection ends 22, 23 of the equipotential bonding resistor 20. Since the equipotential bonding resistor 20 is cylindrical, the flashover electrodes 24, 25 are adapted in a pot-shaped manner to the equipotential bonding resistor 20.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

1. An isolating switch, more particularly a singlepin scissors-type isolating switch, having a main contact system (3) which comprises at least one main contact piece (5) mounted on a scissor blade (1) or the like and at least one counter-contact piece (7) mounted on a busbar (6) or the like, together with an auxiliary contact system (4) which comprises at least one auxiliary contact piece (8), associated mechanically with the counter-contact piece (7) but insulated therefrom, and having a circuit-breaking action with the main contact piece (5), and an isolating contact system (9) which has two isolating contact pieces (10, 11) and is disposed electrically between the counter-contact piece (7) and the auxiliary contact piece (8), in which an opening the main contact system (3) the isolating contact system (9) opens first while the auxiliary contact system (4) opens later, a potential-balancing resistor (20) acting between the countercontact piece (7) and the auxiliary contact piece (8), at least when the isolating contact system (9) is open, characterised in that a spark gapsystem (21) is added in parallel to the potential-balancing resistor (20), thereby limiting the voltage across it.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Trennschalter, insbesondere einen Einsäulen-Scherentrennschalter, mit einem Hauptkontaktsystem und einem Hilfskontaktsystem, wobei das Hauptkontaktsystem aus mindestens einem an einer Trennschere od. dgl. vorgesehenen Hauptkontaktstück und mindestens einem an einer Sammelschiene od. dgl. vorgesehenen Gegenkontaktstück besteht, wobei weiter das Hilfskontaktsystem mindestens ein dem Gegenkontaktstück zugeordnetes, vorzugsweise parallel zum Gegenkontaktstück verlaufendes, gegenüber dem Gegenkontaktstück isoliertes und mit dem Hauptkontaktstück zusammen wirkendes Hilfskontaktstück und ein elektrisch zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück angeordnetes Trennkontaktsystem mit zwei Trennkontaktstücken aufweist, wobei weiter das erste Trennkontaktstück dem Gegenkontaktstück und das zweite Trennkontaktstück gegenüber dem Gegenkontaktstück isoliert und dem Hilfskontaktstück zugeordnet ist, wobei ferner nach dem öffnen des Hauptkontaktsystems zunächst das Trennkontaktsystem und erst dann das Hilfskontaktsystem öffnet und wobei schließlich zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück zumindest bei geöffnetem Trennkontaktsystem ein Potentialausgleichswiderstand wirksam ist.The invention relates to an isolating switch, in particular a single-column scissor-type isolating switch, with a main contact system and an auxiliary contact system, the main contact system consisting of at least one main contact piece provided on isolating scissors or the like and at least one mating contact piece provided on a busbar or the like the auxiliary contact system has at least one auxiliary contact piece assigned to the counter contact piece, preferably running parallel to the counter contact piece, insulated from the counter contact piece and interacting with the main contact piece, and an isolating contact system with two isolating contact pieces arranged electrically between the counter contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece, the first isolating contact piece further comprising the counter contact piece and the second isolating contact piece is insulated from the mating contact piece and is assigned to the auxiliary contact piece, furthermore initially after opening the main contact system the isolating contact system and only then opens the auxiliary contact system, and finally a potential equalization resistor is effective between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece, at least when the isolating contact system is open.

Trennschalter sind von ihrem Prinzip her und nach den für ihren Einsatz geltenden Vorschriften zu annähernd stromlosem Schalten vorgesehen; mit Trennschaltern sollen sichtbare Trennstrecken realisiert werden. Das Freischalten von Trennschaltern erfolgt durch zugeordnete Leistungsschalter. Trennschalter werden im übrigen auch dann eingesetzt, wenn beispielsweise verschiedene Sammelschienen untereinander umgeschaltet werden müssen. Bei derartigen Umschaltvorgängen wird zwar im Prinzip stromlos geschaltet, jedoch fließen sogenannte Kommutierungsströme bei relativ geringen Spannungen. Auch ist bei grundsätzlich stromlosem Schalten vielfach das Auftreten von Verschiebungsströmen nicht zu vermeiden. Im Ergebnis treten also auch bei grundsätzlich stromlos schaltenden Trennschaltern mitunter systembedingte und nicht zu vermeidende Ein- und Ausschaltlichtbögen auf.Disconnectors are designed based on their principle and in accordance with the regulations applicable to their use for almost de-energized switching; Visible isolating paths are to be implemented with isolating switches. Disconnectors are disconnected by assigned circuit breakers. Disconnectors are also used when, for example, different busbars have to be switched among themselves. In principle, such switching operations are de-energized, but so-called commutation currents flow at relatively low voltages. In addition, the occurrence of displacement currents cannot be avoided in many cases when switching is basically de-energized. As a result, system-related and unavoidable switch-on and switch-off arcs sometimes occur even with disconnectors that generally switch off.

In geschlossenem Zustand müssen Trennschalter in der Lage sein, sehr hohe Ströme zu führen, insbesondere auch die bei einem Kurzschluß kurzzeitig, nämlich bis zum Freischalten durch den zugeordneten Leistungsschalter, auftretenden Ströme. Das aus mindestens einem Hauptkontaktstück und mindestens einem Gegenkontaktstück bestehende Hauptkontaktsystem von Trennschaltern muß also stets in einwandfreiem Zustand sein.In the closed state, disconnectors must be able to carry very high currents, especially those that are short-term in the event of a short circuit, namely, up to the isolation by the assigned circuit breaker, occurring currents. The main contact system of disconnectors consisting of at least one main contact piece and at least one counter contact piece must therefore always be in perfect condition.

Um die zuvor erläuterten Forderungen an einen Trennschalter zu erfüllen, ist bei dem Trennschalter, von dem die Erfindung ausgeht, neben dem Hauptkontaktsystem ein Hilfskontaktsystem vorgesehen (vgl. die DE-PS 32 10 155, die DE-OS 32 35 353 und die Literaturstelle "Siemens Energietechnik" 6/83, 5. Jahrgang, November / Dezember 1983, Seiten 350 bis 353, insbesondere Seite 353). Wesentlich für den Trennschalter, von dem die Lehre der Erfindung ausgeht, ist, daß die eigentliche Trennstrecke des Hilfskontaktsystems, also der Bereich, in dem die Ein- und Ausschaltlichtbögen auftreten sollen, in einem besonderen Trennkontaktsystem verwirklicht ist, wobei das Trennkontaktsystem dem Hauptkontaktstück oder, wie eingangs ausgeführt, dem Gegenkontaktstück zugeordnet sein kann. (Die Erfindung betrifft also auch einen Trennschalter, bei dem das Trennkontaktsystem dem Hauptkontaktstück zugeordnet ist, auch wenn eingangs ein Trennschalter beschrieben ist, bei dem das Trennkontaktsystem dem Gegenkontaktstück zugeordnet ist.)In order to meet the above-described requirements for a disconnector, the disconnector from which the invention is based has an auxiliary contact system in addition to the main contact system (cf. DE-PS 32 10 155, DE-OS 32 35 353 and the literature reference " Siemens Energietechnik "6/83, 5th year, November / December 1983, pages 350 to 353, especially page 353). It is essential for the isolating switch from which the teaching of the invention is based that the actual isolating distance of the auxiliary contact system, that is to say the area in which the on and off arcs are to occur, is realized in a special isolating contact system, the isolating contact system being the main contact piece or, as stated at the beginning, can be assigned to the mating contact piece. (The invention therefore also relates to an isolating switch in which the isolating contact system is assigned to the main contact piece, even if an isolating switch is described at the beginning in which the isolating contact system is assigned to the counter-contact piece.)

Bei Trennschaltern der Art, von der die Erfindung ausgeht, d. h. bei Trennschaltern mit "schaltenden Kommutierungskontakten", verhindert der Potentialausgleichswiderstand, daß das Hilfskontaktstück bei geöffnetem Trennschalter potentialmäßig "in der Luft hängt". Ist in erster Näherung das Hilfskontaktstück funktionsnotwendig gegenüber dem Gegenkontaktstück isoliert, so nimmt bei geöffnetem Trennschalter das Hilfskontaktstück alsbald über den Potentialausgleichswiderstand das Potential des Gegenkontaktstückes an.In disconnectors of the type from which the invention is based, d. H. With disconnectors with "switching commutation contacts", the equipotential bonding resistor prevents the auxiliary contact piece from "hanging" in the air when the disconnector is open. If, in a first approximation, the auxiliary contact piece is functionally insulated from the counter contact piece, the auxiliary contact piece immediately assumes the potential of the counter contact piece via the equipotential bonding resistor when the disconnector is open.

Werden mit Hilfe von Trennschaltern z. B. spannungslose Sammelschienen zugeschaltet, so können erhebliche Potentialdifferenzen - bis zu nennenswerten Prozentsätzen der jeweiligen Leitererdspannung - auftreten.Are with the help of disconnectors z. B. switched on de-energized busbars, considerable potential differences - up to noteworthy percentages of the respective conductor earth voltage - can occur.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, den zuvor beschriebenen Trennschalter so auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, daß auch dann, wenn beim Einschalten erhebliche Potentialdifferenzen zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück und damit am Potentialausgleichswiderstand auftreten, der Potentialausgleichswiderstand nicht zerstört wird.The invention is based on the object of designing and developing the isolating switch described above so that even if considerable potential differences occur between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece and thus at the equipotential bonding resistor when switching on, the equipotential bonding resistor is not destroyed.

Der erfindungsgemäße Trennschalter, bei dem die zuvor hergeleitete und dargelegte Aufgabe gelöst ist, ist zunächst und im wesentlichen dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Potentialausgleichswiderstand eine seine Spannungsbeanspruchung begrenzende Funkenstrecke parallel geschaltet ist. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß es bei einer entsprechend hohen Potentialdifferenz zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück und damit am Potentialausgleichswiderstand zu einem gewollten Überschlag über die Funkenstrecke kommt, der Potentialausgleichswiderstand also spannungsmäßig nicht überbeansprucht wird.The circuit breaker according to the invention, in which the previously derived and described object is achieved, is initially and essentially characterized in that a spark gap which limits its voltage stress is connected in parallel to the equipotential bonding resistor. This ensures that if there is a correspondingly high potential difference between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece and thus at the equipotential bonding resistor, there is a deliberate arcing over the spark gap, so that the equipotential bonding resistor is not overstressed in terms of voltage.

Im einzelnen gibt es verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die Lehre der Erfindung auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, was im folgenden nur beispielhaft erläutert werden soll.In particular, there are various options for designing and developing the teaching of the invention, which will be explained below by way of example only.

Um bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Trennschalter den Potentialausgleichswiderstand besonders wirksam zu schützen, empfiehlt es sich, die Funkenstrecke so zu realisieren, daß sie eine geringe überschlagsverzögerung hat. Da eine Funkenstrecke eine um so größere überschlagsverzögerung hat, je weniger die sich in ihr einstellende Feldstärke konstant ist - eine Spitze/Spitze-Funkenstrecke hat eine relativ große überschlagsverzögerung -, läßt sich das Ziel einer geringen überschlagsverzögerung dadurch erreichen, daß die Funkenstrecke so ausgebildet ist, daß sich in ihr eine weitgehend konstante Feldstärke einstellt.In order to protect the equipotential bonding resistor particularly effectively in the isolating switch according to the invention, it is advisable to implement the spark gap in such a way that it has a small flashover delay. Since a spark gap has a larger flashover delay, the less the field strength that is set in it is constant - a peak-to-peak spark gap has a relatively large flashover delay - the goal of a small flashover delay can be achieved by designing the spark gap that there is a largely constant field strength in it.

Die zuvor mehr funktional erläuterte Lehre der Erfindung läßt sich nun konkret dadurch realisieren, daß die Funkenstrecke durch zwei die Anschlußenden des Potentialausgleichswiderstandes übergreifende Überschlagselektroden gebildet ist. Ist der Potentialausgleichswiderstand zylinderförmig ausgeführt, so empfiehlt es sich, die überschlagselektroden topfförmig oder glockenförmig auszuführen. Diese "Widerstandskapselung" führt dazu, daß der Potentialausgleichswiderstand insbesondere im Bereich seiner besonders gefährdeten Anschlußenden mit einer Abschirmung versehen ist.The previously more functionally explained teaching of the invention can now be realized concretely in that the spark gap is created by two flashovers that cross the connection ends of the equipotential bonding resistor electrodes is formed. If the equipotential bonding resistor is cylindrical, it is advisable to make the flashover electrodes pot-shaped or bell-shaped. This "resistance encapsulation" means that the equipotential bonding resistor is provided with a shield, particularly in the area of its particularly endangered connection ends.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert; es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 schematisch, in perspektivischer Ansicht, ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Hauptkontaktsystems und eines Hilfskontaktsystems eines erfindungsgemäßen Trennschalters, hier eines Einsäulen-Scherentrennschalters,
  • Fig. 2 einen Ausschnitt aus dem Gegenstand nach Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 den Ausschnitt aus dem Gegenstand nach Fig. 1, den auch Fig. 2 zeigt, aus einem anderen Blickwinkel, und
  • Fig. 4 in gegenüber den Fig. 1 bis 3 wesentlich vergrößerter Darstellung, den bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Trennschalter verwirklichten Potentialausgleichswiderstand.
In the following the invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing showing only one embodiment; it shows
  • 1 schematically, in perspective view, an embodiment of a main contact system and an auxiliary contact system of an isolating switch according to the invention, here a single-column scissor isolating switch,
  • 2 shows a detail from the object according to FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 shows the detail from the object of Fig. 1, which also Fig. 2 shows, from a different angle, and
  • Fig. 4 in a significantly enlarged representation compared to FIGS. 1 to 3, the potential equalization resistance realized in the disconnector according to the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung und ausschnittsweise einen Trennschalter 1 mit einer aus Vereinfachungsgründen nur zur Hälfte angedeuteten Trennschere 2. Erkennbar sind ein Hauptkontaktsystem 3 und ein Hilfskontaktsystem 4. Das Hauptkontaktsystem 3 besteht aus an der Trennschere 2 vorgesehenen Hauptkontaktstücken 5 und einem an einer Sammelschiene 6 vorgesehenen Gegenkontaktstück 7. Das Hilfskontaktsystem 4 weist dem Gegenkontaktstück 7 zugeordnete, parallel zum Gegenkontaktstück 7 verlaufende, gegenüber dem Gegenkontaktstück 7 isolierte und mit den Hauptkontaktstücken 5 zusammen wirkende Hilfskontaktstücke 8 und ein elektrisch zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück 7 und den Hilfskontaktstücken 8 angeordnetes Trennkontaktsystem 9 mit zwei Trennkontaktstücken 10, 11 auf. Das erste Trennkontaktstück 10 ist dem Gegenkontaktstück 7, das im übrigen über Tragringe 12 an der Sammelschiene 6 befestigt ist, zugeordnet, während das zweite Trennkontaktstück 11 gegenüber dem Gegenkontaktstück 7 isoliert und den Hilfskontaktstücken 8 zugeordnet ist. Im übrigen sind die Trennkontaktstücke 10, 11 jeweils mit einem Kontaktkopf 13 aus abbrandfestem Material versehen.1 shows a schematic illustration and a detail of an isolating switch 1 with an isolating scissor 2, which is only half indicated for reasons of simplification. A main contact system 3 and an auxiliary contact system 4 can be seen 6 provided mating contact piece 7. The auxiliary contact system 4 has auxiliary contact pieces 8 assigned to the mating contact piece 7, running parallel to the mating contact piece 7, insulated from the mating contact piece 7 and interacting with the main contact pieces 5 and an isolating contact system 9, which is arranged electrically between the mating contact piece 7 and the auxiliary contact pieces 8, with two isolating contact pieces 10, 11. The first isolating contact piece 10 is assigned to the mating contact piece 7, which is otherwise attached to the busbar 6 via support rings 12, while the second isolating contact piece 11 is insulated from the mating contact piece 7 and is assigned to the auxiliary contact pieces 8. Otherwise, the isolating contact pieces 10, 11 are each provided with a contact head 13 made of erosion-resistant material.

Für den dargestellten und bisher beschriebenen Trennschalter 1 gilt, daß nach dem öffnen des Hauptkontaktsystems 3 zunächst das Trennkontaktsystem 9 und erst dann das Hilfskontaktsystem 4 öffnet.For the disconnector 1 shown and described so far, after opening the main contact system 3, first the disconnector system 9 and only then does the auxiliary contact system 4 open.

Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Trennkontaktstücke 10, 11 in Öffnungsrichtung federbelastet, wozu entsprechende Federelemente 14 vorgesehen sind.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the isolating contact pieces 10, 11 are spring-loaded in the opening direction, for which purpose corresponding spring elements 14 are provided.

Wie die Figuren zeigen, sind die Hilfskontaktstücke 8 und die Trennkontaktstücke 10, 11 mittels zweier Träger 15 aus elektrisch isolierendem Material am Gegenkontaktstück 7 befestigt. Dabei sind die Hilfskontaktstücke 8 über Schwenkhebel 16 an die Träger 15 angelenkt. Die Schwenkhebel 16 sind, wie die Trennkontaktstücke 10, 11, federbelastet, nämlich mit Federelementen 17 versehen.As the figures show, the auxiliary contact pieces 8 and the isolating contact pieces 10, 11 are fastened to the mating contact piece 7 by means of two supports 15 made of electrically insulating material. The auxiliary contact pieces 8 are articulated to the carrier 15 via pivot levers 16. The pivot levers 16, like the isolating contact pieces 10, 11, are spring-loaded, namely provided with spring elements 17.

Die Figuren, insbesondere die Fig. 2 und 3, lassen deutlich erkennen, daß das komplette Hilfskontaktsystem 4 vom Gegenkontaktstück 7 abnehmbar bzw. auf das Gegenkontaktstück 7 aufsetzbar ist. Dazu bestehen die Träger 15 jeweils aus zwei über Schrauben 18 miteinander verbundenen Halbschalen 19.The figures, in particular FIGS. 2 and 3, clearly show that the complete auxiliary contact system 4 can be removed from the mating contact piece 7 or placed on the mating contact piece 7. For this purpose, the carriers 15 each consist of two half shells 19 connected to one another by screws 18.

In Fig. 3 ist nur angedeutet, daß zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück 7 und den Hilfskontaktstücken 8 ein Potentialausgleichswiderstand 20 vorgesehen ist.In Fig. 3 it is only indicated that a potential equalization resistor 20 is provided between the mating contact piece 7 and the auxiliary contact pieces 8.

Wie nun die Fig. 4 zeigt, ist dem Potentialausgleichswiderstand 20 eine seine Spannungsbeanspruchung begrenzende Funkenstrecke 21 parallelgeschaltet. Die Funkenstrecke 21 hat eine relativ geringe Überschlagsverzögerung. Dazu ist die Funkenstrecke 21 so ausgebildet, daß sich in ihr eine weitgehend konstante Feldstärke einstellt. Im einzelnen ist die Funkenstrecke 21 durch zwei die Anschlußenden 22, 23 des Potentialausgleichswiderstandes 20 übergreifende überschlagselektroden 24, 25 gebildet. Da der Potentialausgleichswiderstand 20 zylinderförmig ausgeführt ist, sind die überschlagselektroden 24, 25 topfförmig dem Potentialausgleichswiderstand 20 angepaßt.4, the equipotential bonding resistor 20 is connected in parallel with a spark gap 21 that limits its voltage stress. The spark gap 21 has a relatively small rollover delay. For this purpose, the spark gap 21 is designed so that a largely constant field strength is established in it. Specifically, the spark gap 21 is formed by two flashover electrodes 24, 25 spanning the connection ends 22, 23 of the equipotential bonding resistor 20. Since the equipotential bonding resistor 20 is cylindrical, the flashover electrodes 24, 25 are adapted in a pot-shaped manner to the equipotential bonding resistor 20.

Claims (5)

1. Trennschalter, insbesondere Einsäulen-Scherentrennschalter, mit einem Hauptkontaktsystem und einem Hilfskontaktsystem, wobei das Hauptkontaktsystem aus mindestens einem an einer Trennschere od. dgl. vorgesehenen Hauptkontaktstück und mindestens einem an einer Sammelschiene od. dgl. vorgesehenen Gegenkontaktstück besteht, wobei weiter das Hilfskontaktsystem mindestens ein dem Gegenkontaktstück zugeordnetes, vorzugsweise parallel zum Gegenkontaktstück verlaufendes, gegenüber dem Gegenkontaktstück isoliertes und mit dem Hauptkontaktstück zusammen wirkendes Hilfskontaktstück und ein elektrisch zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück angeordnetes Trennkontaktsystem mit zwei Trennkontaktstücken aufweist, wobei weiter das erste Trennkontaktstück dem Gegenkontaktstück und das zweite Trennkontaktstück gegenüber dem Gegenkontaktstück isoliert und dem Hilfskontaktstück zugeordnet ist, wobei ferner nach dem Öffnen des Hauptkontaktsystems zunächst das Trennkontaktsystem und erst dann das Hilfskontaktsystem öffnet und wobei schließlich zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück zumindest bei geöffnetem Trennkontaktsystem ein Potentialausgleichswiderstand wirksam ist, da- durch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Potentialausgleichswiderstand (20) eine seine Spannungsbeanspruchung begrenzende Funkenstrecke (21) parallelgeschaltet ist.1. Disconnect switch, in particular single-column scissor disconnect switch, with a main contact system and an auxiliary contact system, the main contact system consisting of at least one main contact piece provided on a disconnecting scissors or the like and at least one mating contact piece provided on a busbar or the like, the auxiliary contact system furthermore at least has an auxiliary contact piece assigned to the mating contact piece, preferably running parallel to the mating contact piece, insulated with respect to the mating contact piece and interacting with the main contact piece, and an isolating contact system arranged electrically between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece, with two isolating contact pieces, the first isolating contact piece opposite the mating contact piece and the second isolating contact piece the mating contact piece is insulated and assigned to the auxiliary contact piece, furthermore after the main contact system has been opened, first the isolating contact system and only then the auxiliary contact system opens and finally a potential equalization resistor is effective between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece, at least when the isolating contact system is open, characterized in that the potential equalization resistor (20) is connected in parallel with a spark gap (21) which limits its voltage stress. 2. Trennschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Funkenstrecke (21) eine geringe überschlagsverzögerung hat.2. Disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the spark gap (21) has a small rollover delay. 3. Trennschalter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Funkenstrecke (21) so ausgebildet ist, daß sich in ihr eine weitgehend konstante Feldstärke einstellt.3. Disconnector according to claim 2, characterized in that the spark gap (21) is designed so that a largely constant field strength is established in it. 4. Trennschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Funkenstrecke (21) durch zwei die Anschlußenden (22, 23) des Potentialausgleichswiderstandes (20) übergreifende Überschlagselektroden (24, 25) gebildet ist.4. Disconnector according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spark gap (21) by two connecting ends (22, 23) of the equipotential bonding resistor (20) overlapping electrodes (24, 25) is formed. 5. Trennschalter nach Anspruch 4, wobei der Potentialausgleichswiderstand zylinderförmig ausgeführt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Überschlagselektroden (24, 25) topfförmig oder glockenförmig ausgeführt sind.5. Disconnector according to claim 4, wherein the equipotential bonding resistor is cylindrical, characterized in that the flashover electrodes (24, 25) are pot-shaped or bell-shaped.
EP85105397A 1984-05-21 1985-05-03 Isolating switch, in particular a pantograph isolating switch Expired EP0168568B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85105397T ATE37118T1 (en) 1984-05-21 1985-05-03 CIRCUIT SWITCHES, ESPECIALLY SINGLE POLE SCISSOR CIRCUIT BREAKER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3418837A DE3418837A1 (en) 1984-05-21 1984-05-21 DISCONNECT SWITCHES, IN PARTICULAR PILLAR SCISSOR DISCONNECTORS
DE3418837 1984-05-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0168568A2 true EP0168568A2 (en) 1986-01-22
EP0168568A3 EP0168568A3 (en) 1986-11-05
EP0168568B1 EP0168568B1 (en) 1988-09-07

Family

ID=6236430

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85105397A Expired EP0168568B1 (en) 1984-05-21 1985-05-03 Isolating switch, in particular a pantograph isolating switch

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0168568B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE37118T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3418837A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019213320A1 (en) * 2019-09-03 2021-03-04 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Single column disconnector with vacuum interrupter as an auxiliary contact system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1272172A (en) * 1960-08-12 1961-09-22 Globe Union Inc Combined electrical device forming resistance and capacitor with incorporated surge arrester, in particular for television antennas
GB918666A (en) * 1960-04-20 1963-02-13 Welwyn Electric Ltd Improvements in electrical resistors
US3305694A (en) * 1964-05-12 1967-02-21 Welwyn Electric Ltd Electrical resistor with a parallel high voltage protective gap
DE3120129A1 (en) * 1981-02-18 1982-09-02 Sprecher & Schuh AG, 5001 Aarau, Aargau High-voltage interruptor switch having a pantograph
DE3210155A1 (en) * 1982-03-19 1983-09-29 Ruhrtal Elektrizitätsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH & Co, 4300 Essen Interruptor switch, especially a single-column pantograph interruptor switch

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2718188C3 (en) * 1977-04-23 1984-07-05 Dehn + Söhne GmbH + Co KG, 8500 Nürnberg Surge protection device
DE3235353A1 (en) * 1982-09-24 1984-03-29 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt HIGH VOLTAGE DISCONNECTOR WITH PRE-CONTACTS

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB918666A (en) * 1960-04-20 1963-02-13 Welwyn Electric Ltd Improvements in electrical resistors
FR1272172A (en) * 1960-08-12 1961-09-22 Globe Union Inc Combined electrical device forming resistance and capacitor with incorporated surge arrester, in particular for television antennas
US3305694A (en) * 1964-05-12 1967-02-21 Welwyn Electric Ltd Electrical resistor with a parallel high voltage protective gap
DE3120129A1 (en) * 1981-02-18 1982-09-02 Sprecher & Schuh AG, 5001 Aarau, Aargau High-voltage interruptor switch having a pantograph
DE3210155A1 (en) * 1982-03-19 1983-09-29 Ruhrtal Elektrizitätsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH & Co, 4300 Essen Interruptor switch, especially a single-column pantograph interruptor switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0168568A3 (en) 1986-11-05
EP0168568B1 (en) 1988-09-07
DE3418837C2 (en) 1987-10-29
ATE37118T1 (en) 1988-09-15
DE3564886D1 (en) 1988-10-13
DE3418837A1 (en) 1985-11-21

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