EP0168568B1 - Isolating switch, in particular a pantograph isolating switch - Google Patents

Isolating switch, in particular a pantograph isolating switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0168568B1
EP0168568B1 EP85105397A EP85105397A EP0168568B1 EP 0168568 B1 EP0168568 B1 EP 0168568B1 EP 85105397 A EP85105397 A EP 85105397A EP 85105397 A EP85105397 A EP 85105397A EP 0168568 B1 EP0168568 B1 EP 0168568B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact piece
isolating
piece
contact
auxiliary
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85105397A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0168568A2 (en
EP0168568A3 (en
Inventor
Alfred Dr.-Ing. Hartig
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Ruhrtal Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH and Co
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Ruhrtal Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH and Co
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Priority to AT85105397T priority Critical patent/ATE37118T1/en
Publication of EP0168568A2 publication Critical patent/EP0168568A2/en
Publication of EP0168568A3 publication Critical patent/EP0168568A3/en
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Publication of EP0168568B1 publication Critical patent/EP0168568B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/14—Adaptation for built-in safety spark gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/34—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact adapted to engage an overhead transmission line, e.g. for branching
    • H01H31/36—Contact moved by pantograph

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an isolating switch, in particular a single-column scissor isolating switch, with a main contact system consisting of at least one main contact piece provided on isolating scissors or the like and at least one mating contact piece provided on a busbar or the like, and an auxiliary contact system which has at least one mechanically assigned to the mating contact piece.
  • auxiliary contact piece which is insulated from it and which interacts with the main contact piece, and an isolating contact system with two isolating contact pieces which is arranged electrically between the counter contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece, the opening of the main contact system first opening the isolating contact system and only then the auxiliary contact system, and at least between the counter contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece a potential equalization resistor is effective when the isolating contact system is open.
  • Disconnectors are designed based on their principle and according to the regulations applicable to their use for almost de-energized switching; Visible isolating paths are to be implemented with isolating switches. Disconnectors are disconnected by assigned circuit breakers. Disconnectors are also used when, for example, different busbars have to be switched among themselves. In principle, such switching operations are de-energized, but so-called commutation currents flow at relatively low voltages. In addition, the occurrence of displacement currents cannot be avoided in many cases when switching is basically de-energized. As a result, system-related and unavoidable switch-on and switch-off arcs sometimes occur even with disconnectors that generally switch off. '
  • isolating switches In the closed state, isolating switches must be able to carry very high currents, in particular also the currents which occur briefly in the event of a short circuit, namely until the associated circuit breaker is disconnected.
  • the main contact system of disconnectors consisting of at least one main contact piece and at least one counter contact piece must therefore always be in perfect condition.
  • an auxiliary contact system is provided in the disconnector from which the invention is based (DE-A-3 210 155) in addition to the main contact system.
  • the actual isolating distance of the auxiliary contact system i.e. the area in which the on and off arcs are to occur, is realized in a special isolating contact system.
  • the auxiliary contact piece is isolated from the counter contact piece when the disconnector is open, but the auxiliary contact piece and counter contact piece are connected to one another via the equipotential bonding resistor, the auxiliary contact piece immediately assumes the potential of the counter contact piece via the equipotential bonding resistor.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing and developing the isolating switch described above so that even when considerable potential differences between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece and thus at the equipotential bonding resistor occur when switching on, the equipotential bonding resistor is not destroyed.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention in which the previously derived and stated object is achieved, is initially and essentially characterized in that a spark gap which limits its voltage stress is connected in parallel to the potential equalization resistor. This ensures that if there is a correspondingly high potential difference between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece and thus at the equipotential bonding resistor, there is a deliberate arcing over the spark gap, so that the equipotential bonding resistor is not overstressed in terms of voltage.
  • the teaching of the invention has been explained in connection with an isolating switch, in which the auxiliary contact system has at least one auxiliary contact piece mechanically assigned to the mating contact piece, insulated from it and interacting with the main contact piece, and an isolating contact system arranged electrically between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece.
  • the teaching of the invention can also be applied to an isolating switch in which the auxiliary contact system has at least one auxiliary contact piece which is mechanically assigned to the main contact piece, is insulated from it and interacts with the mating contact piece, and an isolating contact system which is arranged electrically between the main contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece.
  • the at least one auxiliary contact piece is not mechanically assigned to the mating contact piece but rather to the main contact piece and is insulated from it and interacts with the mating contact piece in a switching manner, the isolating contact system is therefore electrically arranged between the main contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece and consequently the equipotential bonding resistance between the main contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece is effective.
  • the spark gap in such a way that it has a small flashover delay. Since a spark gap has a larger flashover delay, the less the field strength that is set in it is constant - a peak-to-peak spark gap has a relatively large flashover delay - the goal of a small flashover delay can be achieved by forming the spark gap in such a way that sets a largely constant field strength in it.
  • the teaching of the invention can be implemented concretely in that the spark gap is formed by two flashover electrodes overlapping the connection ends of the equipotential bonding resistor. If the equipotential bonding resistor is cylindrical, it is advisable to make the flashover electrodes pot-shaped or bell-shaped. This «resistance encapsulation means that the equipotential bonding resistor is provided with a shield, particularly in the area of its particularly endangered connection ends.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration and a detail of a disconnector 1 with a disconnect shear 2, which is only indicated half for simplicity reasons.
  • a main contact system 3 and an auxiliary contact system 4 can be seen.
  • the main contact system 3 consists of main contact pieces 5 provided on the disconnect shear 2 and one on a busbar 6 provided mating contact piece 7.
  • the auxiliary contact system 4 has auxiliary contact pieces 8 mechanically assigned to the counter contact piece 7, running parallel to it, insulated from the counter contact piece 7 and interacting with the main contact pieces 5, and an isolating contact system 9 with two electrically arranged between the counter contact piece 7 and the auxiliary contact pieces 8 Isolating contact pieces 10, 11.
  • the first isolating contact piece 10 is connected to the mating contact piece 7, which is otherwise fastened to the busbar 6 via support rings 12, while the second isolating contact piece 11 is insulated from the mating contact piece 7 and is connected to the auxiliary contact pieces 8. Otherwise, the isolating contact pieces 10, 11 are each provided with a contact head 13 made of erosion-resistant material.
  • the isolating contact system 9 first opens and only then does the auxiliary contact system 4.
  • the isolating contact pieces 10, 11 are biased in the opening direction by spring elements 14.
  • auxiliary contact pieces 8 and the isolating contact pieces 10, 11 are fastened to the mating contact piece 7 by means of two supports 15 made of electrically insulating material.
  • the auxiliary contact pieces 8 are articulated to the carrier 15.
  • the pivot levers 16, like the isolating contact pieces 10, 11, are provided with spring elements 17.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 clearly show that the complete auxiliary contact system 4 can be removed from the mating contact piece 7 or placed on the mating contact piece 7.
  • the carriers 15 each consist of two half shells 19 connected to one another by screws 18.
  • a potential equalization resistor 20 is provided between the mating contact piece 7 and the auxiliary contact pieces 8.
  • the equipotential bonding resistor 20 is connected in parallel with a spark gap 21 which limits its voltage stress.
  • the spark gap 21 has a relatively small rollover delay.
  • the spark gap 21 is designed so that a largely constant field strength is established in it.
  • the spark gap 21 is formed by two flashover electrodes 24, 25 spanning the connection ends 22, 23 of the equipotential bonding resistor 20. Since the equipotential bonding resistor 20 is cylindrical, the flashover electrodes 24, 25 are cup-shaped to match the equipotential bonding resistor 20.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

1. An isolating switch, more particularly a singlepin scissors-type isolating switch, having a main contact system (3) which comprises at least one main contact piece (5) mounted on a scissor blade (1) or the like and at least one counter-contact piece (7) mounted on a busbar (6) or the like, together with an auxiliary contact system (4) which comprises at least one auxiliary contact piece (8), associated mechanically with the counter-contact piece (7) but insulated therefrom, and having a circuit-breaking action with the main contact piece (5), and an isolating contact system (9) which has two isolating contact pieces (10, 11) and is disposed electrically between the counter-contact piece (7) and the auxiliary contact piece (8), in which an opening the main contact system (3) the isolating contact system (9) opens first while the auxiliary contact system (4) opens later, a potential-balancing resistor (20) acting between the countercontact piece (7) and the auxiliary contact piece (8), at least when the isolating contact system (9) is open, characterised in that a spark gapsystem (21) is added in parallel to the potential-balancing resistor (20), thereby limiting the voltage across it.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Trennschalter, insbesondere einen Einsäulenscherentrennschalter, mit einem aus mindestens einem an einer Trennschere od. dgl. vorgesehenen Hauptkontaktstück und mindestens einem an einer Sammelschiene od. dgl. vorgesehenen Gegenkontaktstück bestehenden Hauptkontaktsystem und einem Hilfskontaktsystem, das mindestens ein mechanisch dem Gegenkontaktstück zugeordnetes, gegenüber diesem isoliertes und mit dem Hauptkontaktstück schaltend zusammenwirkendes Hilfskontaktstück und ein elektrisch zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück angeordnetes Trennkontaktsystem mit zwei Trennkohtaktstücken aufweist, wobei nach dem Öffnen des Hauptkontaktsystems zunächst das Trennkontaktsystem und erst dann das Hilfskontaktsystem öffnet und wobei zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück zumindest bei geöffnetem Trennkontaktsystem ein Potentialausgleichswiderstand wirksam ist.The invention relates to an isolating switch, in particular a single-column scissor isolating switch, with a main contact system consisting of at least one main contact piece provided on isolating scissors or the like and at least one mating contact piece provided on a busbar or the like, and an auxiliary contact system which has at least one mechanically assigned to the mating contact piece. has an auxiliary contact piece which is insulated from it and which interacts with the main contact piece, and an isolating contact system with two isolating contact pieces which is arranged electrically between the counter contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece, the opening of the main contact system first opening the isolating contact system and only then the auxiliary contact system, and at least between the counter contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece a potential equalization resistor is effective when the isolating contact system is open.

Trennschalter sind von ihrem Prinzip her und nach den für ihren Einsatz geltenden Vorschriften zu annähernd stromlosem Schalten vorgesehen ; mit Trennschaltern sollen sichtbare Trennstrecken realisiert werden. Das Freischalten von Trennschaltern erfolgt durch zugeordnete Leistungsschalter. Trennschalter werden aber auch dann ingeseizt, wenn beispielsweise verschiedene Sammelschienen untereinander umgeschaltet werden müssen. Bei derartigen Umschaltvorgängen wird zwar im Prinzip stromlos geschaltet, jedoch fließen sogenannte Kommutierungsströme bei relativ geringen Spannungen. Auch ist bei grundsätzlich stromlosem Schalten vielfach das Auftreten von Verschiebungsströmen nicht zu vermeiden. Im Ergebnis treten also auch bei grundsätzlich stromlos schaltenden Trennschaltern mitunter systembedingte und nicht zu vermeidende Ein- und Ausschaltlichtbögen auf. 'Disconnectors are designed based on their principle and according to the regulations applicable to their use for almost de-energized switching; Visible isolating paths are to be implemented with isolating switches. Disconnectors are disconnected by assigned circuit breakers. Disconnectors are also used when, for example, different busbars have to be switched among themselves. In principle, such switching operations are de-energized, but so-called commutation currents flow at relatively low voltages. In addition, the occurrence of displacement currents cannot be avoided in many cases when switching is basically de-energized. As a result, system-related and unavoidable switch-on and switch-off arcs sometimes occur even with disconnectors that generally switch off. '

In geschlossenem Zustand müssen Trennschalter in der Lage sein, sehr hohe Ströme zu führen, insbesondere auch die bei einem Kurzschluß kurzzeitig, nämlich bis zum Freischalten durch den zugeordneten Leistungsschalter, auftretenden Ströme. Das aus mindestens einem Hauptkontaktstück und mindestens einem Gegenkontaktstück bestehende Hauptkontaktsystem von Trennschaltern muß also stets in einwandfreiem Zustand sein.In the closed state, isolating switches must be able to carry very high currents, in particular also the currents which occur briefly in the event of a short circuit, namely until the associated circuit breaker is disconnected. The main contact system of disconnectors consisting of at least one main contact piece and at least one counter contact piece must therefore always be in perfect condition.

Um die zuvor erläuterten Forderungen an einen Trennschalter zu erfüllen, ist bei dem Trennschalter, von dem die Erfindung ausgeht (DE-A-3 210 155), neben dem Hauptkontaktsystem ein Hilfskontaktsystem vorgesehen. Die eigentliche Trennstrecke des Hilfskontaktsystems, also der Bereich, in dem die Ein- und Ausschaltlichtbögen auftreten sollen, ist in einem besonderen Trennkontaktsystem verwirklicht. Bei diesem Trennschalter mit schaltenden Kommutierungskontakten » verhindert ein Potentialausgleichswiderstand, daß das Hilfskontaktstück bei geöffnetem Trennschalter potentialmäßig « in der Luft hängt ». Ist beispielsweise das Hilfskontaktstück bei geöffnetem Trennschalter an sich gegenüber dem Gegenkontaktstück isoliert, sind jedoch Hilfskontaktstück und Gegenkontaktstück über den Potentialausgleichswiderstand miteinander verbunden, so nimmt das Hilfskontaktstück alsbald über den Potentialausgleichswiderstand das Potential des Gegenkontaktstückes an.In order to meet the above-described requirements for a disconnector, an auxiliary contact system is provided in the disconnector from which the invention is based (DE-A-3 210 155) in addition to the main contact system. The actual isolating distance of the auxiliary contact system, i.e. the area in which the on and off arcs are to occur, is realized in a special isolating contact system. With this isolating switch with switching commutation contacts »a potential equalization resistor prevents the auxiliary contact piece from" hanging in the air "when the isolating switch is open. If, for example, the auxiliary contact piece is isolated from the counter contact piece when the disconnector is open, but the auxiliary contact piece and counter contact piece are connected to one another via the equipotential bonding resistor, the auxiliary contact piece immediately assumes the potential of the counter contact piece via the equipotential bonding resistor.

Werden mit Hilfe von Trennschaltern spannungslose Sammelschienen zugeschaltet, so können erhebliche Potentialdifferenzen - bis zu nennenswerten Prozentsätzen der jeweiligen Leitererdspannung - auftreten.If voltage-free busbars are switched on with the help of isolating switches, considerable potential differences - up to noteworthy percentages of the respective conductor earth voltage - can occur.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, den zuvor beschriebenen Trennschalter so auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, daß auch dann, wenn beim Einschalten erhebliche Potentialdifferenzen zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück und damit am Potentialausgleichswiderstand auftreten, der Potentialausgleichswiderstand nicht zerstört wird.The invention is based on the object of designing and developing the isolating switch described above so that even when considerable potential differences between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece and thus at the equipotential bonding resistor occur when switching on, the equipotential bonding resistor is not destroyed.

Der erfindungsgemäße Trennschalter, bei dem die zuvor hergeleitete und dargelegte Aufgabe gelöst ist, ist zunächst und im wesentlichen dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Potentialausgleichswiderstand eine seine Spannungsbeanspruchung begrenzende Funkenstrecke paralleigeschaltet ist. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß es bei einer entsprechend hohen Potentialdifferenz zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück und damit am Potentialausgleichswiderstand zu einem gewollten Überschlag über die Funkenstrecke kommt, der Potentialausgleichswiderstand also spannungsmäßig nicht überbeansprucht wird.The circuit breaker according to the invention, in which the previously derived and stated object is achieved, is initially and essentially characterized in that a spark gap which limits its voltage stress is connected in parallel to the potential equalization resistor. This ensures that if there is a correspondingly high potential difference between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece and thus at the equipotential bonding resistor, there is a deliberate arcing over the spark gap, so that the equipotential bonding resistor is not overstressed in terms of voltage.

Bisher ist die Lehre der Erfindung erläutert worden in Verbindung mit einem Trennschalter, bei dem das Hilfskontaktsystem mindestens ein mechanisch dem Gegenkontaktstück zugeordnetes, gegenüber diesem isoliertes und mit dem Hauptkontaktstück schaltend zusammenwirkendes Hilfskontaktstück und ein elektrisch zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück angeordnetes Trennkontaktsystem aufweist. Die Lehre der Erfindung läßt sich jedoch auch anwenden auf einen Trennschalter, bei dem das Hilfskontaktsystem mindestens ein mechanisch dem Hauptkontaktstück zugeordnetes, gegenüber diesem isoliertes und mit dem Gegenkontaktstück schaltend zusammenwirkendes Hilfskontaktstück und ein elektrisch zwischen dem Hauptkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück angeordnetes Trennkontaktsystem aufweist. Ausgehend von dem zunächst beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Trennschalter ist dieser dann dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mindestens eine Hjifskontaktstück mechanisch nicht dem Gegenkontaktstück, sondern dem Hauptkontaktstück zugeordnet und gegenüber diesem isoliert ist sowie mit dem Gegenkontaktstück schaltend zusammenwirkt, das Trennkontaktsystem mithin elektrisch zwischen dem Hauptkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück angeordnet ist und folglich der Potentialausgleichswiderstand zwischen dem Hauptkontaktstück und dem Hilfskontaktstück wirksam ist.So far, the teaching of the invention has been explained in connection with an isolating switch, in which the auxiliary contact system has at least one auxiliary contact piece mechanically assigned to the mating contact piece, insulated from it and interacting with the main contact piece, and an isolating contact system arranged electrically between the mating contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece. However, the teaching of the invention can also be applied to an isolating switch in which the auxiliary contact system has at least one auxiliary contact piece which is mechanically assigned to the main contact piece, is insulated from it and interacts with the mating contact piece, and an isolating contact system which is arranged electrically between the main contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece. On the basis of the initially described disconnector according to the invention, this is then characterized in that the at least one auxiliary contact piece is not mechanically assigned to the mating contact piece but rather to the main contact piece and is insulated from it and interacts with the mating contact piece in a switching manner, the isolating contact system is therefore electrically arranged between the main contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece and consequently the equipotential bonding resistance between the main contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece is effective.

Um bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Trennschalter den Potentialausgleichswiderstand besonders wirksam zu schützen, empfiehlt es sich, die Funkenstrecke so zu realisieren, daß sie eine geringe Überschlagsverzögerung hat. Da eine Funkenstrecke eine um so größere Überschlagsverzögerung hat, je weniger die sich in ihr einstellende Feldstärke konstant ist - eine Spitze/ Spitze-Funkenstrecke hat eine relativ große Überschlagsverzögerung -, läßt sich das Ziel einer geringen Überschlagsverzögerung durch Ausbildung der Funkenstrecke derart erreichen, daß sich in ihr eine weitgehend konstante Feldstärke einstellt.In order to protect the equipotential bonding resistor particularly effectively in the isolating switch according to the invention, it is advisable to implement the spark gap in such a way that it has a small flashover delay. Since a spark gap has a larger flashover delay, the less the field strength that is set in it is constant - a peak-to-peak spark gap has a relatively large flashover delay - the goal of a small flashover delay can be achieved by forming the spark gap in such a way that sets a largely constant field strength in it.

Die Lehre der Erfindung läßt sich konkret dadurch realisieren, daß die Funkenstrecke durch zwei die Anschlußenden des Potentialausgleichswiderstandes übergreifende Überschlagselektroden gebildet ist. Ist der Potentialausgleichswiderstand zylinderförmig ausgeführt, so empfiehlt es sich, die Überschlagselektroden topfförmig oder glockenförmig auszuführen. Diese « Widerstandskapselung führt dazu, daß der Potentialausgleichswiderstand insbesondere im Bereich seiner besonders gefährdeten Anschlußenden mit einer Abschirmung versehen ist.The teaching of the invention can be implemented concretely in that the spark gap is formed by two flashover electrodes overlapping the connection ends of the equipotential bonding resistor. If the equipotential bonding resistor is cylindrical, it is advisable to make the flashover electrodes pot-shaped or bell-shaped. This «resistance encapsulation means that the equipotential bonding resistor is provided with a shield, particularly in the area of its particularly endangered connection ends.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert ; es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 schematisch, in perspektivischer Ansicht, ein Hauptkontaktsystem und ein Hilfskontaktsystem eines erfindungsgemäßen Trennschalters, hier eines Einsäulen-Scherentrennschalters,
  • Fig. 2 einen Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 den Ausschnitt nach Fig. 2 aus einem anderen Blickwinkel, und
  • Fig. 4 in gegenüber den Fig. 1 bis 3 wesentlich vergrößerter Darstellung, einen bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Trennschalter eingesetzten Potentialausgleichswiderstand einschließlich Funkenstrecke.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing which represents an exemplary embodiment; it shows
  • 1 schematically, in perspective view, a main contact system and an auxiliary contact system of an isolating switch according to the invention, here a single-column scissor isolating switch,
  • 2 shows a detail from FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 shows the detail of FIG. 2 from a different angle, and
  • Fig. 4 in a significantly enlarged representation compared to FIGS. 1 to 3, a potential equalization resistor including spark gap used in the disconnector according to the invention.

Fig.1 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung und ausschnittsweise einen Trennschalter 1 mit einer aus Vereinfachungsgründen nur zur Hälfte angedeuteten Trennschere 2. Erkennbar sind ein Hauptkontaktsystem 3 und ein Hilfskontaktsystem 4. Das Hauptkontaktsystem 3 besteht aus an der Trennschere 2 vorgesehenen Hauptkontaktstücken 5 und einem an einer Sammelschiene 6 vorgesehenen Gegenkontaktstück 7. Das Hilfskontaktsystem 4 weist mechanisch dem Gegenkontaktstück 7 zugeordnete, parallel zu diesem verlaufende, gegenüber dem Gegenkontaktstück 7 isolierte und mit den Hauptkontaktstücken 5 schaltend zusammenwirkende Hilfskontaktstücke 8 und ein elektrisch zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück 7 und den Hilfskontaktstücken 8 angeordnetes Trennkontaktsystem 9 mit zwei Trennkontaktstücken 10, 11 auf. Das erste Trennkontaktstück 10 ist mit dem Gegenkontaktstück 7 verbunden, das im übrigen über Tragringe 12 an der Sammelschiene 6 befestigt ist, während das zweite Trennkontaktstück 11 gegenüber dem Gegenkontaktstück 7 isoliert und mit den Hilfskontaktstücken 8 verbunden ist. Im übrigen sind die Trennkontaktstücke 10, 11 jeweils mit einem Kontaktkopf 13 aus abbrandfestem Material versehen.1 shows a schematic illustration and a detail of a disconnector 1 with a disconnect shear 2, which is only indicated half for simplicity reasons. A main contact system 3 and an auxiliary contact system 4 can be seen. The main contact system 3 consists of main contact pieces 5 provided on the disconnect shear 2 and one on a busbar 6 provided mating contact piece 7. The auxiliary contact system 4 has auxiliary contact pieces 8 mechanically assigned to the counter contact piece 7, running parallel to it, insulated from the counter contact piece 7 and interacting with the main contact pieces 5, and an isolating contact system 9 with two electrically arranged between the counter contact piece 7 and the auxiliary contact pieces 8 Isolating contact pieces 10, 11. The first isolating contact piece 10 is connected to the mating contact piece 7, which is otherwise fastened to the busbar 6 via support rings 12, while the second isolating contact piece 11 is insulated from the mating contact piece 7 and is connected to the auxiliary contact pieces 8. Otherwise, the isolating contact pieces 10, 11 are each provided with a contact head 13 made of erosion-resistant material.

Bei dem dargestellten und bisher beschriebenen Trennschalter 1 öffnet nach dem Öffnen des Hauptkontaktsystems 3 zunächst das Trennkontaktsystem 9 und erst dann das Hilfskontaktsystem 4.In the illustrated and previously described isolating switch 1, after the main contact system 3 has been opened, the isolating contact system 9 first opens and only then does the auxiliary contact system 4.

Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Trennkontaktstücke 10, 11 in Öffnungsrichtung durch Federelemente 14 vorgespannt.In the illustrated embodiment, the isolating contact pieces 10, 11 are biased in the opening direction by spring elements 14.

Wie die Figuren zeigen, sind die Hilfskontaktstücke 8 und die Trennkontaktstücke 10, 11 mittels zweier Träger 15 aus elektrisch isolierendem Material am Gegenkontaktstück 7 befestigt. Dabei sind die Hilfskontaktstücke 8 an die Träger 15 angelenkt. Die Schwenkhebel 16 sind, wie die Trennkontaktstücke 10, 11, mit Federelementen 17 versehen.As the figures show, the auxiliary contact pieces 8 and the isolating contact pieces 10, 11 are fastened to the mating contact piece 7 by means of two supports 15 made of electrically insulating material. The auxiliary contact pieces 8 are articulated to the carrier 15. The pivot levers 16, like the isolating contact pieces 10, 11, are provided with spring elements 17.

Die Figuren, insbesondere die Fig. 2 und 3, lassen deutlich erkennen, daß das komplette Hilfskontaktsystem 4 vom Gegenkontaktstück 7 abnehmbar bzw. auf das Gegenkontaktstück 7 aufsetzbar ist. Dazu bestehen die Träger 15 jeweils aus zwei über Schrauben 18 miteinander verbundenen Halbschalen 19.The figures, in particular FIGS. 2 and 3, clearly show that the complete auxiliary contact system 4 can be removed from the mating contact piece 7 or placed on the mating contact piece 7. For this purpose, the carriers 15 each consist of two half shells 19 connected to one another by screws 18.

In Fig. 3 ist nur angedeutet, daß zwischen dem Gegenkontaktstück 7 und den Hilfskontaktstücken 8 ein Potentialausgleichswiderstand 20 vorgesehen ist.In Fig. 3 it is only indicated that a potential equalization resistor 20 is provided between the mating contact piece 7 and the auxiliary contact pieces 8.

Wie nun die Gig 4 zeigt, ist dem Potentialausgleichswiderstand 20 eine seine Spannungsbeanspruchung begrenzende Funkenstrecke 21 parallelgeschaltet. Die Funkenstrecke 21 hat eine relativ geringe Überschlagsverzögerung. Dazu ist die Funkenstrecke 21 so ausgebildet, daß sich in ihr eine weitgehend konstante Feldstärke einstellt. Im einzelnen ist die Funkenstrecke 21 durch zwei die Anschlußenden 22, 23 des Potentialausgleichswiderstandes 20 übergreifende Überschlagselektroden 24, 25 gebildet. Da der Potentialausgleichswiderstand 20 zylinderförmig ausgeführt ist, sind die Überschlagselektroden 24, 25 topfförmig dem Potentialausgleichswiderstand 20 angepaßt.As the gig 4 now shows, the equipotential bonding resistor 20 is connected in parallel with a spark gap 21 which limits its voltage stress. The spark gap 21 has a relatively small rollover delay. For this purpose, the spark gap 21 is designed so that a largely constant field strength is established in it. Specifically, the spark gap 21 is formed by two flashover electrodes 24, 25 spanning the connection ends 22, 23 of the equipotential bonding resistor 20. Since the equipotential bonding resistor 20 is cylindrical, the flashover electrodes 24, 25 are cup-shaped to match the equipotential bonding resistor 20.

Claims (5)

1. An isolating switch, more particularly a sing- lepin scissors-type isolating switch, having a main contact system (3) which comprises at least one main contact piece (5) mounted on a scissor blade (1) or the like and at least one counter- contact piece (7) mounted on a busbar (6) or the like, together with an auxiliary contact system (4) which comprises at least one auxiliary contact piece (8), associated mechanically with the counter-contact piece (7) but insulated therefrom, and having a circuit-breaking action with the main contact piece (5), and an isolating contact system (9) which has two isolating contact pieces (10, 11) and is disposed electrically between the counter- contact piece (7) and the auxiliary contact piece (8), in which an opening the main contact system (3) the isolating contact system (9) opens first while the auxiliary contact system (4) opens later, a potential-balancing resistor (20) acting between the countercontact piece (7) and the auxiliary contact piece (8), at least when the isolating contact system (9) is open, characterised in that a spark gapsystem (21) is added in parallel to the potential-balancing resistor (20), thereby limiting the voltage across it.
2. An isolating switch as in Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one auxiliary contact piece (8) is associated mechanically not with the counter-contact piece (7) but rather with the main contact piece (5) and again insulated therefrom, and having a circuit-breaking action with the counter-contact piece (7), the isolating contact system (9) now being disposed electrically between the main contact piece (5) and the auxiliary contact piece (8), so that the potential-balancing resistor (20) is active between the main contact piece (5) and the auxiliary contact piece (8).
3. An isolating switch as in Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the spark gap system (21) has a short flashover time lag.
4. An isolating switch as in Claim 3, characterised in that the spark gap system (21) is designed to have substantially constant field strength.
5. An isolating switch as in any of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the spark gap system (21) is formed between two flashover electrodes (24, 25) enveloping the end terminals (22, 23) of the potential-balancing resistor (20).
EP85105397A 1984-05-21 1985-05-03 Isolating switch, in particular a pantograph isolating switch Expired EP0168568B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85105397T ATE37118T1 (en) 1984-05-21 1985-05-03 CIRCUIT SWITCHES, ESPECIALLY SINGLE POLE SCISSOR CIRCUIT BREAKER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3418837A DE3418837A1 (en) 1984-05-21 1984-05-21 DISCONNECT SWITCHES, IN PARTICULAR PILLAR SCISSOR DISCONNECTORS
DE3418837 1984-05-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0168568A2 EP0168568A2 (en) 1986-01-22
EP0168568A3 EP0168568A3 (en) 1986-11-05
EP0168568B1 true EP0168568B1 (en) 1988-09-07

Family

ID=6236430

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85105397A Expired EP0168568B1 (en) 1984-05-21 1985-05-03 Isolating switch, in particular a pantograph isolating switch

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0168568B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE37118T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3418837A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019213320A1 (en) * 2019-09-03 2021-03-04 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Single column disconnector with vacuum interrupter as an auxiliary contact system

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB918666A (en) * 1960-04-20 1963-02-13 Welwyn Electric Ltd Improvements in electrical resistors
FR1272172A (en) * 1960-08-12 1961-09-22 Globe Union Inc Combined electrical device forming resistance and capacitor with incorporated surge arrester, in particular for television antennas
GB1046183A (en) * 1964-05-12 1966-10-19 Welwyn Electric Ltd. Improvements in electrical resistors
DE2718188C3 (en) * 1977-04-23 1984-07-05 Dehn + Söhne GmbH + Co KG, 8500 Nürnberg Surge protection device
CH653473A5 (en) * 1981-02-18 1985-12-31 Sprecher & Schuh Ag HIGH VOLTAGE DISCONNECTOR WITH SCISSORS.
DE3210155A1 (en) * 1982-03-19 1983-09-29 Ruhrtal Elektrizitätsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH & Co, 4300 Essen Interruptor switch, especially a single-column pantograph interruptor switch
DE3235353A1 (en) * 1982-09-24 1984-03-29 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt HIGH VOLTAGE DISCONNECTOR WITH PRE-CONTACTS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3418837A1 (en) 1985-11-21
DE3564886D1 (en) 1988-10-13
ATE37118T1 (en) 1988-09-15
EP0168568A2 (en) 1986-01-22
DE3418837C2 (en) 1987-10-29
EP0168568A3 (en) 1986-11-05

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