EP0198506B1 - Air-break switchgear for high-tension circuits - Google Patents

Air-break switchgear for high-tension circuits Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0198506B1
EP0198506B1 EP19860105362 EP86105362A EP0198506B1 EP 0198506 B1 EP0198506 B1 EP 0198506B1 EP 19860105362 EP19860105362 EP 19860105362 EP 86105362 A EP86105362 A EP 86105362A EP 0198506 B1 EP0198506 B1 EP 0198506B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
finger set
fingers
contact finger
switching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19860105362
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0198506A3 (en
EP0198506A2 (en
Inventor
Alfred Dr.-Ing. Hartig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ruhrtal Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Ruhrtal Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH and Co
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Publication of EP0198506A2 publication Critical patent/EP0198506A2/en
Publication of EP0198506A3 publication Critical patent/EP0198506A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0198506B1 publication Critical patent/EP0198506B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
    • H01H31/28—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with angularly-movable contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/003—Earthing switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an outdoor switchgear for high-voltage switchgear, namely earthing switches or disconnectors, with a fixed contact and with a switch contact which can be pivoted on a swivel plane by means of a switching arm and can be pushed onto the fixed contact,
  • the fixed contact being a slide-on contact, preferably with a slide-on stop, and preferably a more or less Fastening arm extending transversely to the slide-on direction
  • the switch contact has at least two contact finger arrangements, preferably each with a pair of contact fingers, and in the closed state the contact finger arrangements of the switch contact rest on the slide-on contact, in particular on both sides on the slide-on contact, and possibly on the slide-on stop, of the fixed contact.
  • the slide-on contact and the fastening arm form an arc-shaped or angled component
  • the arc-shaped or angled component lies in the pivoting plane of the switching contact
  • the slide-on contact projects from one side in the slide-on direction and the contact fingers are in the closed state with point contact on Slide-on contact (see. DE-A-24 09 527).
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to improve the switching capacity described above, which is used in particular as an earthing switch, but also as an isolating switch.
  • the outdoor switching device according to the invention for high-voltage switchgear in which the switching capacity is improved, is now characterized by the features according to the second part of claim 1.
  • the contact finger arrangement of the switching contact which comes into engagement with the sliding contact when viewed in the switching-on direction comes later out of engagement with the sliding contact when the opening movement occurs than it corresponds to the "normal" distance between the first contact finger arrangement and the second contact finger arrangement.
  • the switching contact has at least two contact finger arrangements, which preferably each have a pair of contact fingers.
  • the switching contact has exactly two contact finger arrangements, each of the contact finger arrangements preferably having a pair of contact fingers. Regardless of this, everything that is explained below also applies to a switching contact with three or more contact finger arrangements.
  • the contact finger arrangement of the switching contact which comes out of engagement with the sliding contact when switched off last, is designed as a snap contact.
  • the result of this is that when the outdoor switching device according to the invention is opened, the current path is delayed - via the fixed contact and the switching contact - but is then suddenly opened.
  • This sudden opening of the current path via the fixed contact and the switching contact increases the switching capacity of the outdoor switching device according to the invention, because arcs forming when the current path is opened are extinguished very briefly due to the sudden opening.
  • So-called snap contacts are known per se in the prior art. However, these are auxiliary contacts provided in addition to main contacts.
  • the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement form equivalent main contacts.
  • the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement are intended to take on the same proportions of the total current flowing through the fixed contact switch contact current path. Consequently, the individual contact fingers are also designed so that they can carry the permissible short-circuit current together.
  • the outdoor switching device shown only partially in Fig. 1 is an earthing switch and intended for high-voltage switchgear.
  • the outdoor switching device includes a fixed contact 1 and a switching contact 3 that can be swiveled in a swivel plane by means of a switching arm 2 and can be pushed onto the fixed contact 1.
  • the fixed contact 1 which is arranged on an insulator 4, has a sliding contact 5 with a sliding stop 6 and one more or less - fastening arm 7 running transversely to the slide-on direction.
  • the switching contact 3 has two contact finger arrangements 8, 9 - with contact fingers 8a, 8b and 9a, 9b. In the closed state of the outdoor switching device, the contact fingers 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b of the switching contact 3 rest on both sides on the slide-on contact 5 and on the slide-on stop 6 of the fixed contact 1.
  • the teaching of the invention which has been explained in principle above, is realized constructively by the fact that the first contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 seen in the switch-on direction is more movable relative to the switching arm 2 than the following contact finger arrangement 9.
  • the design of the contact finger arrangement 8 is a snap contact realized here by the special mobility in comparison with the contact finger arrangement 9.
  • the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement could be articulated in the outdoor switching device and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement could be rigidly connected to the switching arm, the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement being connected via a spring element, e.g. B. could have a rubber spring, could be connected to the switching arm.
  • a spring element e.g. B. could have a rubber spring
  • the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 and the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9 are rigidly connected to the switching arm 2. Additional measures must be taken to ensure that the contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 is more movable relative to the switching arm 2 than the contact finger arrangement 9.
  • the essential teaching of the invention to make the first contact finger arrangement of the switching contact more movable relative to the switching arm than the second contact finger arrangement, can be realized in that the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement have a lower section modulus than the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement. If all contact fingers have a circular cross section, the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement can have a smaller cross section than the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement can consist of a material with greater electrical conductivity than the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement.
  • all contact fingers have approximately the same electrical resistance.
  • the arrangement and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement have the same cross-sectional area, but have a different cross-sectional shape. This takes advantage of the fact that a cross-section with the same area leads, depending on the cross-sectional shape, to very different moments of resistance.
  • the basic teaching of the invention is now specifically implemented in that the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 have a greater effective length than the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9, - the effective length means the distance between the clamping end 10, 11 of the switching arm 2 and the slide-on contact 5 of the fixed contact 1.
  • the contact finger arrangement 8 and the contact finger arrangement 9 are to be designed as main contacts. This is achieved by a measure implemented in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, which is characterized in that the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 - approximately in the region of the clamping end 11 of the switching arm 2 serving to clamp the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9 - have a lateral support 12 is assigned, so that the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 bear with approximately the same contact pressure on the sliding contact 5 of the fixed contact 1 as the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9.
  • the first contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 should be more movable than the second contact finger arrangement 9 relative to the switching arm 2. However, this should only apply or be effective when the outdoor switching device according to the invention is opened. This is in connection with the fact that in the illustrated embodiment of an outdoor switching device according to the invention, a spacer element 13 is provided between the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 and the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9, the spacer element 13 being made of insulating material, so that no cross currents can arise.
  • the application of the basic teaching of the invention leads to different mobility of the first contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 and the second contact finger arrangement 9, relative to the switching arm 2, in connection with that between the contact fingers 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b and the sliding contact 5 existing friction to the deliberate delayed opening of the current path (fixed contact 1 - switching contact 3), that is, the desired snap contact behavior of the contact finger arrangement 8.
  • This desired snap contact behavior of the contact finger arrangement 8 can be reinforced by a number of special measures.
  • a holding magnet arrangement 14 is provided, to which an insulating washer 15 belongs in order to prevent cross currents.
  • a holding magnet arrangement 16 is provided, which in turn includes an insulating washer 17, again to prevent cross currents.
  • the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 project further beyond the sliding contact 5 of the fixed contact 1 than the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9 and the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 am Fixed contact 1 holding hook 18 are assigned.
  • the holding hooks 18 on the fixed contact 1 result in the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 being able to overcome the holding hooks 18 only when the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 are bent accordingly by the switching arm 2, but then, as desired, suddenly overcome the retaining hooks 18.
  • the snap contact behavior of the first contact finger arrangement could also be reinforced by the fact that a driver is provided between the second contact finger arrangement and the first contact finger arrangement and the driver only pulls the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement away from the sliding contact of the fixed contact when between the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement and the sliding contact of the fixed contact has reached a predetermined distance.
  • an outdoor switching device with improved switching capacity has been created.
  • a further improvement in the switching capacity can be achieved in that the contact Finger of the first contact finger arrangement - on the opposite side of the swivel side - be provided with erosion material and / or with additional arcing contacts, it being advisable to design the arcing contacts so that the arc has a shorter path than when it is switched on and off to the arcing contacts the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 show a second exemplary embodiment of an outdoor switching device according to the invention, in which a plurality of features of the previously explained exemplary embodiment of an outdoor switching device are also implemented. These measures do not need to be explained again in detail.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown here is now characterized in a special manner in that when the second contact finger arrangement 9 is switched off, it can be pulled off the sliding contact 5 solely by a pushing movement radially to the pivoting movement and the first contact finger arrangement 8 by a pivoting movement, possibly after a previous pushing movement radially to the pivoting movement and that, preferably, the reverse movement takes place when switching on.
  • FIG. 6 shows the start of the opening movement with respect to the first contact finger arrangement 8, with FIG.
  • the snap contact behavior of the first contact finger arrangement 8, which is desired according to the invention, is realized in that, when the switching arm 2 is switched off, only the first contact finger arrangement 8 is in engagement with the slide-on contact 5, whereas the preceding pushing movement radially to the pivoting movement means that the second contact finger arrangement 9 already has been brought out of engagement with the slide contact 5.
  • the first contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 seen in the switch-on direction can also be more movable relative to the switching arm 2 than the following contact finger arrangement 9, but it does not have to be.
  • the first contact finger arrangement 8 here consists of two contact fingers 8a, 8b, which protrude further beyond the sliding contact 5 of the fixed contact 1 than the contact fingers 9a, b, c of the second contact finger arrangement 9 and a web-like part of the sliding contact 5 between them.
  • sequence of movements when switching on is inversely opposite to the sequence of movements when switching off.
  • both contact finger arrangements 8, 9 can be removed from the sliding contact 5 solely by a pivoting movement, namely when the first contact finger arrangement 8 is switched on solely by the pivoting movement of the switching contact 3 and the second contact finger arrangement 9 can be pushed onto the sliding contact 5 radially to the pivoting movement by the pivoting movement and a subsequent pushing movement.

Landscapes

  • Slide Switches (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Freiluftschaltgerät für Hochspannungsschaltanlagen, nämlich Erdungsschalter oder Trennschalter, mit einem Festkontakt und mit einem mittels eines Schaltarms in einer Schwenkebene schwenkbaren, auf den Festkontakt aufschiebbaren Schaltkontakt, wobei der Festkontakt einen Aufschiebekontakt, vorzugsweise mit einem Aufschiebeanschlag, und vorzugsweise einen mehr oder weniger quer zur Aufschieberichtung verlaufenden Befestigungsarm aufweist, der Schaltkontakt mindestens zwei Kontaktfingeranordnungen, vorzugsweise mit jeweils einem Paar von Kontaktfingern, besitzt und in geschlossenem Zustand die Kontaktfingeranordnungen des Schaltkontakts am Aufschiebekontakt, insbesondere beidseits am Aufschiebekontakt, und ggf. am Aufschiebeanschlag, des Festkontakts anliegen.The invention relates to an outdoor switchgear for high-voltage switchgear, namely earthing switches or disconnectors, with a fixed contact and with a switch contact which can be pivoted on a swivel plane by means of a switching arm and can be pushed onto the fixed contact, the fixed contact being a slide-on contact, preferably with a slide-on stop, and preferably a more or less Fastening arm extending transversely to the slide-on direction, the switch contact has at least two contact finger arrangements, preferably each with a pair of contact fingers, and in the closed state the contact finger arrangements of the switch contact rest on the slide-on contact, in particular on both sides on the slide-on contact, and possibly on the slide-on stop, of the fixed contact.

Bei einem Freiluftschaltgerät der zuvor beschriebenen Art bilden der Aufschiebekontakt und der Befestigungsarm ein bogenförmiges oder winkelförmiges Bauteil, liegt das bogenförmige oder winkelförmige Bauteil in der Schwenkebene des Schaltkontakts, kragt der Aufschiebekontakt vom Befestigungsarm in Aufschieberichtung einseitig vor und liegen die Kontaktfinger im geschlossenen Zustand mit Punktkontakt am Aufschiebekontakt an (vgl. die DE-A-24 09 527).In the case of an outdoor switching device of the type described above, the slide-on contact and the fastening arm form an arc-shaped or angled component, the arc-shaped or angled component lies in the pivoting plane of the switching contact, the slide-on contact projects from one side in the slide-on direction and the contact fingers are in the closed state with point contact on Slide-on contact (see. DE-A-24 09 527).

In vielen Ländern, insbesondere in Mitteleuropa, ist es üblich, auf Hochspannungsmasten mehrere Leitungssysteme vorzusehen, - entweder mit gleichen Betriebsspannungen oder aber mit unterschiedlichen Betriebsspannungen, z. B. mit 380 kV oder mit 220 kV und mit 110 KV oder mit 220 kV und mit 110 kV. Dabei kommt es häufig vor, daß ein Leitungssystem abgeschaltet ist, während das andere Leitungssystem sich in Betrieb befindet bzw. die anderen Leitungssysteme sich in Betrieb befinden, so daß in das abgeschaltete Leitungssystem kapazitive und induktive Einkopplungen erfolgen. Da nun das abgeschaltete Leitungssystem in der Regel einseitig oder beidseitig geerdet ist, wird ein bestimmtes Schaltvermögen erforderlich.In many countries, especially in Central Europe, it is common to provide several line systems on high-voltage pylons - either with the same operating voltages or with different operating voltages, e.g. B. with 380 kV or with 220 kV and with 110 KV or with 220 kV and with 110 kV. It often happens that one line system is switched off while the other line system is in operation or the other line systems are in operation, so that capacitive and inductive couplings take place in the switched-off line system. Since the switched-off line system is usually grounded on one or both sides, a certain switching capacity is required.

Der Erfindung liegt folglich die Aufgabe zugrunde, das eingangs beschriebene Freiluftschaltgerät, das insbesondere als Erdungsschalter, aber auch als Trennschalter eingesetzt wird, hinsichtlich des Schaltvermögens zu verbessern.The invention is therefore based on the object to improve the switching capacity described above, which is used in particular as an earthing switch, but also as an isolating switch.

Das erfindungsgemäße Freiluftschaltgerät für Hochspannungsschaltanlagen, bei dem das Schaltvermögen verbessert ist, ist nun durch die Merkmale gemäss dem 2. Teil des Anspruches 1 gekennzeichnet. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgerät kommt also die in Einschaltrichtung gesehen als erstes mit dem Aufschiebekontakt in Eingriff kommende Kontaktfingeranordnung des Schaltkontaktes bei der Ausschaltbewegung später, als es dem "normalen" Abstand zwischen der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung und der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung entspricht, außer Eingriff mit dem Aufschiebekontakt.The outdoor switching device according to the invention for high-voltage switchgear, in which the switching capacity is improved, is now characterized by the features according to the second part of claim 1. In the outdoor switching device according to the invention, the contact finger arrangement of the switching contact which comes into engagement with the sliding contact when viewed in the switching-on direction comes later out of engagement with the sliding contact when the opening movement occurs than it corresponds to the "normal" distance between the first contact finger arrangement and the second contact finger arrangement.

Einleitend ist ausgeführt worden, daß bei dem in Rede stehenden Freiluftschaltgerät der Schaltkontakt mindestens zwei Kontaktfingeranordnungen besitzt, die vorzugsweise jeweils ein Paar von Kontaktfingern aufweisen. Im folgenden wird immer davon ausgegangen, daß der Schaltkontakt genau zwei Kontaktfingeranordnungen besitzt, wobei jede der Kontaktfingeranordnungen vorzugsweise ein Paar von Kontaktfingern aufweist. Ungeachtet dessen gilt all das, was nachfolgend ausgeführt wird, auch bei einem Schaltkontakt mit drei oder mehr Kontaktfingeranordnungen.In the introduction it was stated that in the outdoor switching device in question the switching contact has at least two contact finger arrangements, which preferably each have a pair of contact fingers. In the following it is always assumed that the switching contact has exactly two contact finger arrangements, each of the contact finger arrangements preferably having a pair of contact fingers. Regardless of this, everything that is explained below also applies to a switching contact with three or more contact finger arrangements.

Für die Lehre der Erfindung ist wesentlich, daß die Kontaktfingeranordnung des Schaltkontaktes, die beim Ausschalten als letzte außer Eingriff mit dem Aufschiebekontakt kommt, gleichsam als Schnappkontakt ausgebildet ist. Daraus resultiert, daß beim Öffnen des erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgerätes die Strombahn - über den Festkontakt und den Schaltkontakt - verzögert, dann aber schlagartig geöffnet wird. Dieses schlagartige Öffnen der Strombahn über den Festkontakt und den Schaltkontakt erhöht das Schaltvermögen des erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgerätes, weil sich beim Öffnen der Strombahn bildende Lichtbögen durch das schlagartige Öffnen sehr kurzfristig wieder zum Erlöschen kommen.For the teaching of the invention it is essential that the contact finger arrangement of the switching contact, which comes out of engagement with the sliding contact when switched off last, is designed as a snap contact. The result of this is that when the outdoor switching device according to the invention is opened, the current path is delayed - via the fixed contact and the switching contact - but is then suddenly opened. This sudden opening of the current path via the fixed contact and the switching contact increases the switching capacity of the outdoor switching device according to the invention, because arcs forming when the current path is opened are extinguished very briefly due to the sudden opening.

Im Stand der Technik sind für sich sogenannte Schnappkontakte bekannt. Dabei handelt es sich jedoch um neben Hauptkontakten vorgesehene Hilfskontakte. Demgegenüber bilden bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgerät die Kontaktfinger der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung und die Kontaktfinger der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung gleichwertige Hauptkontakte. Die Kontaktfinger der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung und die Kontaktfinger der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung sollen von dem insgesamt über die Strombahn Festkontakt-Schaltkontakt fließenden Strom gleiche Anteile übernehmen. Folglich sind die einzelnen Kontaktfinger auch so ausgelegt, daß sie zusammen den zulässigen Kurzschlußstrom führen können.So-called snap contacts are known per se in the prior art. However, these are auxiliary contacts provided in addition to main contacts. In contrast, in the outdoor switching device according to the invention the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement form equivalent main contacts. The contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement are intended to take on the same proportions of the total current flowing through the fixed contact switch contact current path. Consequently, the individual contact fingers are also designed so that they can carry the permissible short-circuit current together.

Im einzelnen gibt es nun verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die Lehre der Erfindung auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, was im folgenden, teilweise mit in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen, näher erläutert werden soll; es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht eines Teils eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgerätes für Hochspannungsschaltanlagen, nämlich eines Erdungsschalters,
  • Fig. 2 in gegenüber der Fig. 1 vergrößertem Maßstab, einen Ausschnitt aus dem Gegenstand nach Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine Ansicht des Gegenstandes nach Fig. 2 längs der Linie 111 - 111,
  • Fig. 4 einen Schnitt durch den Gegenstand nach Fig. 2 längs der Linie IV - IV,
  • Fig. 5 in einer Fig. 2 entsprechenden Darstellung ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgeräts in der Einschaltstellung,
  • Fig. 6 in einer Fig. 2 entsprechenden Darstellung ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgeräts bei Beginn der Ausschaltbewegung,
  • Fig. 7 in Fig. 2 entsprechender Darstellung ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgeräts in der Einschaltstellung und
  • Fig. 8 in Fig. 2 entsprechender Darstellung ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgeräts bei Beginn der Ausschaltbewegung.
In particular, there are various options for developing and developing the teaching of the invention, which will be explained in more detail below, in part with the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing; it shows
  • 1 is a side view of part of a first embodiment of an outdoor switching device according to the invention for high-voltage switchgear, namely an earthing switch,
  • Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale compared to FIG. 1, a section of the 1 according to FIG.
  • 3 is a view of the object of FIG. 2 along the line 111-111,
  • 4 shows a section through the object according to FIG. 2 along the line IV-IV,
  • 5 shows, in a representation corresponding to FIG. 2, a second exemplary embodiment of an outdoor switching device according to the invention in the switched-on position,
  • 6 in a representation corresponding to FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of an outdoor switching device according to the invention at the start of the opening movement,
  • Fig. 7 in Fig. 2 corresponding representation of a third embodiment of an outdoor switching device according to the invention in the on position and
  • Fig. 8 in Fig. 2 corresponding representation of a third embodiment of an outdoor switching device according to the invention at the beginning of the opening movement.

Das in Fig. 1 nur teilweise dargestellte Freiluftschaltgerät ist ein Erdungsschalter und für Hochspannungsschaltanlagen bestimmt. Zu dem Freiluftschaltgerät gehören ein Festkontakt 1 und ein mittels eines Schaltarms 2 in einer Schwenkebene schwenkbarer, auf den Festkontakt 1 aufschiebbarer Schaltkontakt 3. Der Festkontakt 1, der auf einem Isolator 4 angeordnet ist, weist einen Aufschiebekontakt 5 mit einem Aufschiebeanschlag 6 und einen - mehr oder weniger - quer zur Aufschieberichtung verlaufenden Befestigungsarm 7 auf. Der Schaltkontakt 3 besitzt zwei Kontaktfingeranordnungen 8, 9 - mit Kontaktfingern 8a, 8b bzw. 9a, 9b. Im geschlossenen Zustand des Freiluftschaltgeräts liegen die Kontaktfinger 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b des Schaltkontakts 3 beidseits am Aufschiebekontakt 5 und am Aufschiebeanschlag 6 des Festkontakts 1 an.The outdoor switching device shown only partially in Fig. 1 is an earthing switch and intended for high-voltage switchgear. The outdoor switching device includes a fixed contact 1 and a switching contact 3 that can be swiveled in a swivel plane by means of a switching arm 2 and can be pushed onto the fixed contact 1. The fixed contact 1, which is arranged on an insulator 4, has a sliding contact 5 with a sliding stop 6 and one more or less - fastening arm 7 running transversely to the slide-on direction. The switching contact 3 has two contact finger arrangements 8, 9 - with contact fingers 8a, 8b and 9a, 9b. In the closed state of the outdoor switching device, the contact fingers 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b of the switching contact 3 rest on both sides on the slide-on contact 5 and on the slide-on stop 6 of the fixed contact 1.

Allen in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen eines Freiluftschaltgerätes ist gemeinsam, daß die in Einschaltrichtung gesehen als erste mit dem Aufschiebekontakt 5 in Eingriff kommende Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 des Schaltkontakts 3 bei der Ausschaltbewegung später, als es dem "normalen" Abstand zwischen der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 und der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 entspricht, außer Eingriff mit dem Aufschiebekontakt 5 kommt. Das entspricht der grundsätzlichen Lehre der Erfindung, die Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 einerseits gleichwertig mit der Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 als Hauptkontakt auszuführen, andererseits als Schnappkontakt für eine verzögerte Öffnung beim Ausschalten zu konstruieren.All of the exemplary embodiments of an outdoor switching device shown in the drawing have in common that the contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3, which comes into contact with the slide-on contact 5 when viewed in the switch-on direction, comes later than the "normal" distance between the first contact finger arrangement 8 and the second during the opening movement Contact finger arrangement 9 corresponds to, comes out of engagement with the slide contact 5. This corresponds to the basic teaching of the invention, on the one hand to design the contact finger arrangement 8 as equivalent to the contact finger arrangement 9 as the main contact, and on the other hand to construct it as a snap contact for a delayed opening when switching off.

Im in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel wird die zuvor grundsätzlich erläuterte Lehre der Erfindung konstruktiv dadurch verwirklicht, daß die in Einschaltrichtung gesehen erste Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 des Schaltkontakts 3 relativ zum Schaltarm 2 beweglicher ist als die folgende Kontaktfingeranordnung 9. Die Ausbildung der Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 als Schnappkontakt wird hier also durch die besondere Beweglichkeit im Vergleich mit der Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 realisiert.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the teaching of the invention, which has been explained in principle above, is realized constructively by the fact that the first contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 seen in the switch-on direction is more movable relative to the switching arm 2 than the following contact finger arrangement 9. The design of the contact finger arrangement 8 is a snap contact realized here by the special mobility in comparison with the contact finger arrangement 9.

Hinsichtlich der ganz genauen konstruktiven Gestaltung des Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß Fig. 1 gibt es verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die nachfolgend beispielhaft erläutert werden.With regard to the very precise structural design of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, there are various possibilities which are explained below by way of example.

Zunächst könnten bei dem Freiluftschaltgerät die Kontaktfinger der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung gelenkig und die Kontaktfinger der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung starr an den Schaltarm angeschlossen sein, wobei die Kontaktfinger der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung über ein Federelement, das z. B. eine Gummifeder aufweisen könnte, an den Schaltarm angeschlossen sein könnten.First, the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement could be articulated in the outdoor switching device and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement could be rigidly connected to the switching arm, the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement being connected via a spring element, e.g. B. could have a rubber spring, could be connected to the switching arm.

In dem in Fig. 1 bis 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eines Freiluftschaltgeräts sind die Kontaktfinger 8a, 8b der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 und die Kontaktfinger 9a, 9b der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 starr an den Schaltarm 2 angeschlossen. Dabei muß durch zusätzliche Maßnahmen dafür gesorgt werden, daß die Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 des Schaltkontakts 3 relativ zum Schaltarm 2 beweglicher ist als die Kontaktfingeranordnung 9.In the exemplary embodiment of an outdoor switching device shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 and the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9 are rigidly connected to the switching arm 2. Additional measures must be taken to ensure that the contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 is more movable relative to the switching arm 2 than the contact finger arrangement 9.

Wenn die Kontaktfinger der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung und die Kontaktfinger der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung starr an den Schaltarm angeschlossen sind, dann kann die wesentliche Lehre der Erfindung, die erste Kontaktfingeranordnung des Schaltkontakts relativ zum Schaltarm beweglicher auszuführen als die zweite Kontaktfingeranordnung, dadurch realisiert sein, daß die Kontaktfinger der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung ein geringeres Widerstandsmoment haben als die Kontaktfinger der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung. Haben alle Kontaktfinger einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt, so können die Kontaktfinger der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung einen geringeren Querschnitt haben als die Kontaktfinger der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung und können die Kontaktfinger der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung aus einem Material mit größerer elektrischer Leitfähigkeit als die Kontaktfinger der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung bestehen. Über den Querschnitt der Kontaktfinger und die elektrische Leitfähigkeit der verwendeten Materialien läßt sich realisieren, daß alle Kontaktfinger in etwa den gleichen elektrischen Widerstand haben. Man kann auch dadurch bei allen Kontaktfingern in etwa den gleichen elektrischen Widerstand realisieren, daß die Kontaktfinger der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung und die Kontaktfinger der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung flächenmäßig den gleichen Querschnitt, jedoch eine unterschiedliche Querschnittsform haben. Dabei wird ausgenutzt, daß ein flächenmäßig gleicher Querschnitt je nach Querschnittsform zu ganz unterschiedlichen Widerstandsmomenten führt.If the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement are rigidly connected to the switching arm, then the essential teaching of the invention, to make the first contact finger arrangement of the switching contact more movable relative to the switching arm than the second contact finger arrangement, can be realized in that the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement have a lower section modulus than the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement. If all contact fingers have a circular cross section, the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement can have a smaller cross section than the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement can consist of a material with greater electrical conductivity than the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement. Via the cross section of the contact fingers and the electrical conductivity of the materials used, it can be realized that all contact fingers have approximately the same electrical resistance. One can also achieve approximately the same electrical resistance in all contact fingers in that the contact fingers of the first contact fingers The arrangement and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement have the same cross-sectional area, but have a different cross-sectional shape. This takes advantage of the fact that a cross-section with the same area leads, depending on the cross-sectional shape, to very different moments of resistance.

In dem in Fig. 1 bis 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eines Freiluftschaltgeräts ist nun die grundsätzliche Lehre der Erfindung konkret dadurch realisiert, daß die Kontaktfinger 8a, 8b der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 eine größere wirksame Länge haben als die Kontaktfinger 9a, 9b der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung 9, - wobei mit wirksamer Länge der Abstand zwischen dem Einspannende 10, 11 des Schaltarms 2 und dem Aufschiebekontakt 5 des Festkontakts 1 gemeint ist.In the exemplary embodiment of an outdoor switching device shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the basic teaching of the invention is now specifically implemented in that the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 have a greater effective length than the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9, - the effective length means the distance between the clamping end 10, 11 of the switching arm 2 and the slide-on contact 5 of the fixed contact 1.

Es ist bereits mehrfach ausgeführt worden, daß bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgerät die Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 und die Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 gleichwertig als Hauptkontakte ausgeführt sein sollen. Dem dient eine im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel verwirklichte Maßnahme, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß den Kontaktfingern 8a, 8b der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 - etwa im Bereich des der Einspannung der Kontaktfinger 9a, 9b der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 dienenden Einspannendes 11 des Schaltarms 2 - eine seitliche Abstützung 12 zugeordnet ist, - so daß die Kontaktfinger 8a, 8b der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 mit etwa dem gleichen Kontaktdruck am Aufschiebekontakt 5 des Festkontaktes 1 anliegen, wie die Kontaktfinger 9a, 9b der Zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung 9.It has already been stated several times that in the outdoor switching device according to the invention the contact finger arrangement 8 and the contact finger arrangement 9 are to be designed as main contacts. This is achieved by a measure implemented in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, which is characterized in that the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 - approximately in the region of the clamping end 11 of the switching arm 2 serving to clamp the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9 - have a lateral support 12 is assigned, so that the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 bear with approximately the same contact pressure on the sliding contact 5 of the fixed contact 1 as the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9.

Bei dem dargestellten Freiluftschaltgerät soll die erste Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 des Schaltkontakts 3 relativ zum Schaltarm 2 beweglicher sein als die zweite Kontaktfingeranordnung 9. Das soll jedoch nur gelten bzw. wirksam sein, wenn das erfindungsgemäße Freiluftschaltgerät geöffnet wird. Damit steht nun im Zusammenhang, daß bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgeräts zwischen den Kontaktfingern 8a, 8b der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 und den Kontaktfingern 9a, 9b der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 ein Distanzelement 13 vorgesehen ist, - wobei das Distanzelement 13 aus isolierendem Material besteht, damit keine Querströme entstehen können.In the outdoor switching device shown, the first contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 should be more movable than the second contact finger arrangement 9 relative to the switching arm 2. However, this should only apply or be effective when the outdoor switching device according to the invention is opened. This is in connection with the fact that in the illustrated embodiment of an outdoor switching device according to the invention, a spacer element 13 is provided between the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 and the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9, the spacer element 13 being made of insulating material, so that no cross currents can arise.

Bei dem dargestellten Freiluftschaltgerät führt die Anwendung der grundsäztlichen Lehre der Erfindung, unterschiedliche Beweglichkeit der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 des Schaltkontakts 3 und der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung 9, relativ zum Schaltarm 2, in Verbindung mit der zwischen den Kontaktfingern 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b und dem Aufschiebekontakt 5 vorhandenen Reibung zu dem gewollten verzögerten Öffnen der Strombahn (Festkontakt 1 - Schaltkontakt 3), also dem gewollten Schnappkontaktverhalten der Kontaktfingeranordnung 8. Dieses gewollte Schnappkontaktverhalten der Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 kann noch durch eine Mehrzahl besonderer Maßnahmen verstärkt werden.In the illustrated outdoor switching device, the application of the basic teaching of the invention leads to different mobility of the first contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 and the second contact finger arrangement 9, relative to the switching arm 2, in connection with that between the contact fingers 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b and the sliding contact 5 existing friction to the deliberate delayed opening of the current path (fixed contact 1 - switching contact 3), that is, the desired snap contact behavior of the contact finger arrangement 8. This desired snap contact behavior of the contact finger arrangement 8 can be reinforced by a number of special measures.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 bis 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eines Freiluftschaltgeräts ist zur Verstärkung des Schnappkontaktverhaltens der Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 zunächst zwischen den Kontaktfingern 8a, 8b der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 und dem der Einspannung der Kontaktfinger 9a, 9b der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 dienenden Einspannende 11 des Schaltarms 2 eine Haftmagnetanordnung 14 vorgesehen, zu der, um Querströme zu verhindern, eine Isolierscheibe 15 gehört. Weiter ist zwischen dem Aufschiebekontakt 5 des Festkontakts 1 und den Kontaktfingern 8a, 8b der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 - auf der der Schwenkseite entgegengesetzten Seige - eine Haftmagnetanordnung 16 vorgesehen, zu der wiederum eine Isolierscheibe 17 gehört, wiederum zur Verhinderung von Querströmen. Schließlich gilt für das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel eines Freiluftschaltgerätes ergänzend, daß die Kontaktfinger 8a, 8b der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 weiter über den Aufschiebekontakt 5 des Festkontaktes 1 überstehen als die Kontaktfinger 9a, 9b der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 und den Kontaktfingern 8a, 8b der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 am Festkontakt 1 Haltehaken 18 zugeordnet sind. Die Haltehaken 18 am Festkontakt 1 führen dazu, daß die Kontaktfinger 8a, 8b der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 die Haltehaken 18 erst überwinden können, wenn die Kontaktfinger 8a, 8b der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 durch den Schaltarm 2 entsprechend gebogen sind, dann jedoch, wie gewünscht, schlagartig die Haltehaken 18 überwinden.In the exemplary embodiment of an outdoor switching device shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, in order to reinforce the snap contact behavior of the contact finger arrangement 8, there is first between the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 and the clamping end 11 of the switching arm 2 which serves to clamp the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9 a holding magnet arrangement 14 is provided, to which an insulating washer 15 belongs in order to prevent cross currents. Furthermore, between the slide-on contact 5 of the fixed contact 1 and the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 - on the side opposite the pivoting side - a holding magnet arrangement 16 is provided, which in turn includes an insulating washer 17, again to prevent cross currents. Finally, for the illustrated embodiment of an outdoor switching device, the following also applies that the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 project further beyond the sliding contact 5 of the fixed contact 1 than the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9 and the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 am Fixed contact 1 holding hook 18 are assigned. The holding hooks 18 on the fixed contact 1 result in the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 being able to overcome the holding hooks 18 only when the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 are bent accordingly by the switching arm 2, but then, as desired, suddenly overcome the retaining hooks 18.

In dem in Fig. 1 bis 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind verschiedene Mäßnahmen nicht verwirklicht, die bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgerät noch verwirklicht sein könnten.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, various measures which could still be implemented in the outdoor switching device according to the invention are not implemented.

Zunächst könnte das Schnappkontaktverhalten der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung auch noch dadurch verstärkt werden, daß zwischen der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung und der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung ein Mitnehmer vorgesehen ist und der Mitnehmer die Kontaktfinger der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung erst dann vom Aufschiebekontakt des Festkontakts abzieht, wenn zwischen den Kontaktfingern der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung und dem Aufschiebekontakt des Festkontakts ein vorgegebener Abstand erreicht ist.First of all, the snap contact behavior of the first contact finger arrangement could also be reinforced by the fact that a driver is provided between the second contact finger arrangement and the first contact finger arrangement and the driver only pulls the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement away from the sliding contact of the fixed contact when between the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement and the sliding contact of the fixed contact has reached a predetermined distance.

Erfindungsgemäß ist ein Freiluftschaltgerät mit verbessertem Schaltvermögen geschaffen worden. Eine weitere Verbesserung des Schaltvermögens läßt sich noch dadurch erreichen, daß die Kontaktfinger der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung - auf der der Schwenkseite entgegengesetzten Seite - mit Abbrandmaterial und/oder mit zusätzlichen Lichtbogenkontakten versehen werden, wobei es sich empfiehlt, die Lichtbogenkontakte so auszubilden, daß der Lichtbogen beim Ein- und Ausschalten zu den Lichtbogenkontakten einen kürzeren Weg hat als zu den Kontaktfingern der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung und zu den Kontaktfingern der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung.According to the invention, an outdoor switching device with improved switching capacity has been created. A further improvement in the switching capacity can be achieved in that the contact Finger of the first contact finger arrangement - on the opposite side of the swivel side - be provided with erosion material and / or with additional arcing contacts, it being advisable to design the arcing contacts so that the arc has a shorter path than when it is switched on and off to the arcing contacts the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement.

Die Fig. 5 und 6 zeigen ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Freiluftschaltgeräts, bei dem eine Mehrzahl von Merkmalen des zuvor erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Freiluftschaltgeräts gleichfalls verwirklicht sind. Diese Maßnahmen brauchen im einzelnen nicht nochmals erläutert zu werden. Das hier dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel ist nun in besonderer Weise dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beim Ausschalten die zweite Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 allein durch eine Schubbewegung radial zur Schwenkbewegung und die erste Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 durch eine Schwenkbewegung, ggf. nach einer vorherigen Schubbewegung radial zur Schwenkbewegung, vom Aufschiebekontakt 5 abziehbar ist und daß, vorzugsweise, beim Einschalten der umgekehrte Bewegungsablauf erfolgt. Dies ergibt sich durch einen Vergleich der Fig. 6, die den Beginn der Ausschaltbewegung hinsichtlich der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 zeigt, mit Fig. 5, die den Einschaltzustand zeigt, bei dem beide Kontaktfingeranordnungen 8, 9 am Aufschiebekontakt 5 anliegen. Hier ist das erfindungsgemäß gewollte Schnappkontaktverhalten der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 dadurch realisiert, daß beim Ausschalten während der Schwenkbewegung des Schaltarms 2 lediglich nur noch die erste Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 mit dem Aufschiebekontakt 5 in Eingriff steht, wohingegen durch die vorangehende Schubbewegung radial zur Schwenkbewegung die zweite Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 schon außer Eingriff mit dem Aufschiebekontakt 5 gebracht worden ist. Bei dieser Konstruktion kann zwar ebenfalls, wie hier dargestellt, die in Einschaltrichtung gesehen erste Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 des Schaltkontakts 3 relativ zum Schaltarm 2 beweglicher sein als die folgende Kontaktfingeranordnung 9, sie muß es aber nicht.5 and 6 show a second exemplary embodiment of an outdoor switching device according to the invention, in which a plurality of features of the previously explained exemplary embodiment of an outdoor switching device are also implemented. These measures do not need to be explained again in detail. The exemplary embodiment shown here is now characterized in a special manner in that when the second contact finger arrangement 9 is switched off, it can be pulled off the sliding contact 5 solely by a pushing movement radially to the pivoting movement and the first contact finger arrangement 8 by a pivoting movement, possibly after a previous pushing movement radially to the pivoting movement and that, preferably, the reverse movement takes place when switching on. This results from a comparison of FIG. 6, which shows the start of the opening movement with respect to the first contact finger arrangement 8, with FIG. 5, which shows the switched-on state in which both contact finger arrangements 8, 9 are in contact with the sliding contact 5. Here, the snap contact behavior of the first contact finger arrangement 8, which is desired according to the invention, is realized in that, when the switching arm 2 is switched off, only the first contact finger arrangement 8 is in engagement with the slide-on contact 5, whereas the preceding pushing movement radially to the pivoting movement means that the second contact finger arrangement 9 already has been brought out of engagement with the slide contact 5. With this construction, as shown here, the first contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 seen in the switch-on direction can also be more movable relative to the switching arm 2 than the following contact finger arrangement 9, but it does not have to be.

Hinsichtlich der Einschaltbewegung kann ein zu der voranstehenden Erläuterung umgekehrter Bewegungsablauf erfolgen. Insbesondere ist es möglich, daß beim Einschalten die erste Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 allein durch die Schwenkbewegung des Schaltkontakts 3 und die zweite Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 durch die Schwenkbewegung und eine anschließende Schubbewegung radial zur Schwenkbewegung auf den Aufschiebekontakt 5 aufschiebbar ist. Da es aber im Rahmen der Lehre der Erfindung primär auf das Ausschalten des Freiluftschaltgeräts ankommt, kann zum Einschalten durchaus auch lediglich eine Schwenkbewegung beider Kontaktfingeranordnungen 8, 9 erfolgen, ohne eine zusätzliche Schubbewegung radial zur Schwenkbewegung. Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem diese Alternative allerdings nicht möglich ist, da es sich hier um einen kreisförmigen Aufschiebekontakt 5 handelt, zu dem eine im wesentlichen kreisförmige Anordnung von Kontaktfingern 9a, b, c der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 korrespondiert. Die erste Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 besteht hier aus zwei Kontaktfingern 8a, 8b, die weiter über den Aufschiebekontakt 5 des Festkontakts 1 überstehen als die Kontaktfinger 9a, b, c der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 und einen stegartigen Teil des Aufschiebekontakts 5 zwischen sich aufnehmen. Hier ist der Bewegungsablauf beim Einschalten zwingend umgekehrt zum Bewegungsablauf beim Ausschalten.With regard to the switch-on movement, a movement sequence reversed to the above explanation can take place. In particular, it is possible that when switching on, the first contact finger arrangement 8 can be pushed onto the sliding contact 5 solely by the pivoting movement of the switching contact 3 and the second contact finger arrangement 9 by the pivoting movement and a subsequent pushing movement radially to the pivoting movement. However, since it is primarily the switching off of the outdoor switching device that is important within the scope of the teaching of the invention, only a swiveling movement of both contact finger arrangements 8, 9 can also be carried out for switching on, without an additional pushing movement radially to the swiveling movement. 7 and 8 show an embodiment in which this alternative is not possible, however, since this is a circular sliding contact 5, to which an essentially circular arrangement of contact fingers 9a, b, c of the second contact finger arrangement 9 corresponds. The first contact finger arrangement 8 here consists of two contact fingers 8a, 8b, which protrude further beyond the sliding contact 5 of the fixed contact 1 than the contact fingers 9a, b, c of the second contact finger arrangement 9 and a web-like part of the sliding contact 5 between them. Here the sequence of movements when switching on is inversely opposite to the sequence of movements when switching off.

Grundsätzlich ist es denkbar, daß im in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel beim Ausschalten beide Kontaktfingeranordnungen 8, 9 allein durch eine Schwenkbewegung vom Aufschiebekontakt 5 abziehbar sind, - wenn nämlich beim Einschalten die erste Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 allein durch die Schwenkbewegung des Schaltkontakts 3 und die zweite Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 durch die Schwenkbewegung und eine anschließende Schubbewegung radial zur Schwenkbewegung auf den Aufschiebekontakt 5 aufschiebbar ist. Insbesondere gilt dies dann, wenn oberhalb des Aufschiebekontakts 5 des Festkontakts 1 Haltehaken 18 vorgesehen sind, die erste Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 gemeinsam mit der zweiten Kontaktfingeranordnung 9 radial zur Schwenkbewegung des Schaltkontakts 3 verschiebbar ist und durch die Schubbewegung die erste Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 hinter die Haltehaken 18 am Festkontakt 1 führbar ist. Durch diese Maßnahmen wird erreicht, daß beim Einschalten die Kontaktfinger 8a, 8b der ersten Kontaktfingeranordnung 8 die Haltehaken 18 am Festkontakt 1 nicht zu überwinden brauchen, sondern mit den Haltehaken 18 nur beim Ausschalten wechselwirken.In principle, it is conceivable that in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when switching off, both contact finger arrangements 8, 9 can be removed from the sliding contact 5 solely by a pivoting movement, namely when the first contact finger arrangement 8 is switched on solely by the pivoting movement of the switching contact 3 and the second contact finger arrangement 9 can be pushed onto the sliding contact 5 radially to the pivoting movement by the pivoting movement and a subsequent pushing movement. In particular, this applies if holding hooks 18 are provided above the slide-on contact 5 of the fixed contact 1, the first contact finger arrangement 8 can be displaced radially together with the second contact finger arrangement 9 for the pivoting movement of the switching contact 3, and the first contact finger arrangement 8 behind the holding hooks 18 on the fixed contact due to the pushing movement 1 is feasible. These measures ensure that the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 do not have to overcome the holding hooks 18 on the fixed contact 1 when they are switched on, but only interact with the holding hooks 18 when they are switched off.

Claims (15)

1. An outdoor switching equipment for high voltage switching installations, namely an earthing switch or a disconnection switch, with a fixed contact (1) and with a switching contact (3) that can be slid against the fixed contact (1) by means of the switching arm (2) that can be swivelled through a swivelling plane, in which the fixed contact (1) possesses a sliding contact (5), preferably with a slider stop (6) and preferably possesses a mounting arm (7) extending more or less perpendicularly to the direction of sliding, the switching contact (3) possesses at least two contact finger sets (8, 9), preferably with a pair of contact ingers (8a, 8b; 9a, 9b) to each set, and in the closed position of the contact finger sets (8, 9) of the switching contact (3) these lie against the sliding contact (5) of the fixed contact (1), particularly against either side of the sliding contact (5) and possibly against the slider stop (6) of the fixed contact (1), characterized in that the switching-off time difference, that is to say the difference in time between the first contact finger set (8) breaking contact with the sliding contact (5) on one hand and the second contact finger set (9) breaking contact with the sliding contact (5) on the other hand is greater than the switching-on time diference, that is to say the difference in time between the first contact finger set (8) making contact with the sliding contact (5) on one hand and the second contact finger set (9) making contact with the sliding contact (5) on the other hand.
2. An outdoor switching equipment according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first contact finger set (8) of switching contact (3), as seen in the switching-on direction, is more mobile relatively to switching arm (2) than is the following contact finger set (9).
3. An outdoor switching equipment according to Claim 2, characterized in that the contact fingers (8a, 8b) of the first contact finger set (8) are flexibly attached to the switching arm (2) and the contact fingers (9a, 9b) of the second contact finger set (9) are rigidly attached to the switching arm (2), and preferably the contact fingers of the first contact finger set are attached to the contact arm by means of a spring unit preferably possessing a rubber spring.
4. An outdoor switching equipment according to Claim 2, characterized in that the contact fingers (8a, 8b) of the first contact finger set (8) and the contact fingers (9a, 9b) of the second contact finger set (9) are rigidly attached to the switching arm (2).
5. An outdoor switching equipment according to Claim 4, characterized in that the contact fingers (8a, 8b) of the first contact finger set (8) have a smaller section modulus than the contact fingers (9a, 9b) of the second contact finger set (9), that preferably all the contact fingers have approximately the same electrical resistance, and that either, whilst all contact fingers have a circular cross-section those of the first contact finger set (8) have a smaller cross-section and consist of a material of greater electrical conductivity than those of the second contact finger set (9) or, the contact fingers of the first contact finger set and those of the second contact finger set have the same area of cross-section but however have different cross-sectional shapes.
6. An outdoor switching equipment according to Claim 4, characterized in that the contact fingers (8a, 8b) of the first contact finger set (8) have a greater effective length than the contact fingers (9a, 9b) of the second contact finger set (9), and that a lateral support (12) is assigned to the contact fingers (8a, 8b) of the first contact finger set (8), approximately in the region of the clamping end (11) of the switching arm (2) serving the clamping of contact fingers (9a, 9b) of the second contact finger set (9).
7. An outdoor switching equipment according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that a distance unit (13) is provided between the contact fingers (8a, 8b) of the first contact finger set (8) and the contact fingers (9a, 9b) of the second contact finger set (9), and that the distance unit (13) consists of insulating material or is arranged with the interposition of at least one insulating washer.
8. An outdoor switching equipment according to one of Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that a clamping magnet device (14) is provided between the contact fingers (8a, 8b) of the first contact finger set (8) and the contact fingers (9a, 9b) of the second contact finger set (9), or at the clamping end (11) of the switching arm (2) serving the clamping of contact fingers (9a, 9b) of the second contact finger set (9), and/or that a clamping magnet device (16) is provided between the sliding contact (5) of fixed contact (1) and contact fingers (8a, 8b) of the first contact finger set (8) - on the side opposite to the swivelling side - and that at least one insulating washer (15) forms part of clamping magnet device (14) and/or that at least one insulating washer (17) forms part of clamping magnet device (16).
9. An outdoor switching equipment according to one of Claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the contact fingers (8a, 8b) of the first contact finger set (8) project further beyond sliding contact (5) of fixed contact (1) than the contact fingers (9a, 9b) or the second contact finger set (9) do, and holding hooks (18) on the fixed contact (1) are assigned to the contact fingers (8a, 8b) of the first contact finger set (8).
10. An outdoor switching equipment according to one of Claims 2 to 9, characterized in that a catch is provided between the second contact finger set (9) and the first contact finger set (8) and the catch only withdraws the contact fingers of the first contact finger set from the sliding contact of the fixed contact when a specified distance has been reached between the contact fingers of the second contact finger set and the sliding contact of the fixed contact.
11. An outdoor switching equipment according to one of Claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the contact fingers of the first contact finger set (8) - on the side opposite to the swivelling side - are provided with burn-off material and/or the contact fingers of the first contact finger set are provided with additional arc contacts and the arc contacts are so constructed that when switching on and off the arc has a shorter path to the arc contacts than to the contact fingers of the first contact finger set (8) and to the contact fingers of the second contact finger set (9).
12. An outdoor switching equipment according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, in switching off, the second contact finger set (9) is removable from the sliding contact (5) by a thrusting movement radially to the direction of swivelling, and the first contact finger set (8) is removable from the sliding contact (5) by a thrusting movement, possibly after a previous thrusting movement radially to the direction of swivelling, and preferably in switching on a reverse series of movements takes place.
13. An outdoor switching equipment according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, in switching on, the first contact finger set (8) can be thrust on to the sliding contact (5) solely by the swivelling movement of the switching contact (3), and the second contact finger set (9) can be thrust on to the sliding contact (5) by the swivelling movement and a subsequent thrusting movement radially to the swivelling movement.
14. An outdoor switching equipment according to Claim 13, characterized in that, when switching off, both the first contact finger set (8) and the second contact finger set (9) are removable from the sliding contact (5) solely by a swivelling movement.
15. An outdoor switching equipment according to one of Claims 12 to 14, particularly according to Claim 14, characterized in that the first contact finger set (8) together with the second contact finger set (9) can be slid radially to the swivelling movement of switch contact (3), and preferably the first contact finger set (8) can be guided behind the holding hooks (18) on fixed contact (1) by the thrust movement of the first contact finger set (8).
EP19860105362 1985-04-17 1986-04-17 Air-break switchgear for high-tension circuits Expired - Lifetime EP0198506B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3513908 1985-04-17
DE19853513908 DE3513908C2 (en) 1985-04-17 1985-04-17 Outdoor switchgear for high-voltage switchgear

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0198506A2 EP0198506A2 (en) 1986-10-22
EP0198506A3 EP0198506A3 (en) 1989-03-22
EP0198506B1 true EP0198506B1 (en) 1992-07-08

Family

ID=6268393

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860105362 Expired - Lifetime EP0198506B1 (en) 1985-04-17 1986-04-17 Air-break switchgear for high-tension circuits

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EP (1) EP0198506B1 (en)
DE (3) DE8511440U1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0576047B1 (en) * 1989-04-05 1996-12-04 RURHTAL-ELEKTRIZITÄTSGESELLSCHAFT HARTIG GmbH & Co. High voltage switchgear
FR2691008A1 (en) * 1992-05-11 1993-11-12 Gec Alsthom Engergie Inc Earthing switch with perpendicular opening.
FR2691010B1 (en) * 1992-05-11 1994-06-10 Gec Alsthom Engergie Inc WHIP FOR HIGH VOLTAGE DISCONNECTOR.
MX2011005004A (en) * 2011-05-11 2012-09-10 Mikhail Sotnikov High voltage disconnector blade of external use with air isolation.
MX348193B (en) * 2014-11-26 2017-05-29 Sotnikov Mikhail High voltage disconnection telescopic switches isolated by air for isolated-phase bus.
MX348192B (en) * 2014-11-26 2017-05-29 Sotnikov Mikhail High voltage disconnection telescopic switch insulated by air with a moving contact with pressure supply.
WO2019186308A1 (en) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-03 Abb Schweiz Ag Spring loaded auxiliary contact system for bus transfer switching in a center break switch

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2409527C3 (en) * 1974-02-28 1986-06-19 Ruhrtal Elektrizitätsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH & Co, 4300 Essen Outdoor switchgear for high-voltage switchgear
DE2628020A1 (en) * 1976-06-23 1977-12-29 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Short circuit stabiliser for earth conductor - has stationary contact with current loop whose electrodynamic moment affects free end of moving contact
DE2740156A1 (en) * 1977-09-02 1979-03-15 Siemens Ag Earthing switch for HV equipment - has earthing blade contact connected to two pivoted arms with drive system
DE3310897A1 (en) * 1983-03-25 1984-09-27 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim DRIVING DEVICE FOR ACTUATING A ROTATIONAL DISCONNECTOR
DE3312074C2 (en) * 1983-04-02 1986-08-14 Ruhrtal Elektrizitätsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH & Co, 4300 Essen Switching device for high-voltage switchgear, in particular earthing switches

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE8511440U1 (en) 1987-03-19
EP0198506A3 (en) 1989-03-22
DE3513908A1 (en) 1986-10-23
DE3513908C2 (en) 1987-02-05
DE3685900D1 (en) 1992-08-13
EP0198506A2 (en) 1986-10-22

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